When building your own wooden house Every person asks the question: “How to choose the optimal thickness of timber for internal and external walls”? Our article will help you understand what types and sizes of this material there are, how to correctly calculate its thickness and understand for yourself what the required thickness of timber is for a timber house in your case.
Types and sizes of wood for building houses
There are three types of timber for building houses.
- Planed profiled and non-profiled;
- Glued.
A round log is actually a log, from which the bark and upper layer tree.
The diameter of the log is the same along its entire length, which greatly facilitates the construction of the house.
The disadvantages include:
- high shrinkage of the log house (up to 10%);
- the formation of cracks is also possible, especially in the corners of the frame and joints, which is unacceptable;
- in addition, such a log house has high ventilation;
- very vulnerable to damage by fungus and mold;
- due to low manufacturing accuracy and high shrinkage, additional caulking of the seams is usually required after complete drying.
It is made at the factory from wood with a residual moisture content of no more than 30%. To do this, the log is sawn to the required size.
Standard beam sections:
- 150x150,
- 150x200,
- 200x200 mm.
Its undeniable advantage compared to round timber is the absence of excess wood, which means the house requires a less massive foundation. In addition, it is much more convenient and, therefore, faster to build from rectangular timber.
The disadvantages are the same as those of round timber, except for high shrinkage.
Profiled timber is distinguished by the fact that grooves are selected from opposite sides at the factory in such a way that during assembly the structure is assembled using the tongue-and-groove method.
This creates a very precise connection that is practically not blown by the wind. The disadvantages remain the same, except for airflow.
Glued laminated timber is a new technology in the production of wooden beams for construction. It is devoid of all the disadvantages inherent in all previous types of material.
The timber is made from boards dried to a relative humidity of 2-10% and glued together under high pressure in the package. After gluing, the finished package is profiled.
Due to the layered structure it:
- does not warp;
- does not crack;
- does not dry out.
Since during the gluing process the boards are treated with special antifungal compounds, laminated veneer lumber does not mold or rot. – significantly higher price.
Ready-made kits for assembly
Many factories for the production of laminated veneer lumber produce special kits wooden houses to build with your own hands. Everything is included in the package necessary elements with ready-made cuts for connecting to each other.
All elements must be marked. From such a kit the house is built like a construction kit.
The maximum thickness of laminated veneer lumber is determined by both GOST standards and the equipment on which it is produced. Typically, material for walls is made up to 9 m long with thicknesses from 210 to 270 mm and heights up to 270 mm.
Rafters and floor beams are manufactured with a length of up to 12 m and a cross-section of up to 50x100 mm. It must be said that there are other sizes.
The kit for building a wooden house is manufactured at the factory according to individual orders.
The package may include:
- a sealant made of a special non-woven fabric that is not subject to rotting and decay to ensure the tightness of the walls of the house;
- or timber with wedge-shaped grooves and protrusions to ensure the tightness of the connection;
- tie rods and brackets;
- compression springs with a force of up to 2000 kg each, so that during operation the wood does not warp and gaps do not appear as it shrinks;
- assembly drawings and instructions for assembling a house with your own hands;
- specification of materials included;
- manufacturer's warranty;
- certificates of quality and environmental conformity;
- 3D models finished house.
How to choose the optimal timber thickness for your home
According to building regulations and rules (SNiP), the thickness of the timber for a house is selected depending on the climate of the area where the house is planned to be built. However, it must be said that there are some calculations by which the exact value of this parameter can be established.
Calculation formulas
The thickness of the walls of the house is selected in this case according to two main criteria:
- sanitary and hygienic (standardized);
- energy saving.
The required size for walls can be calculated using the formula:
Sm = R * Kt;
where Sm is the required material thickness,
R – heat transfer resistance of the wall (depending on the region of residence),
Kt is the thermal conductivity coefficient of the material.
For middle zone The heat transfer resistance of the wall is assumed to be 3.0 - 3.2. Kt for wood 0.12-0.18 depending on the type of wood. For a specific region, this value can be found in the corresponding directory.
Thus, we get for a house built from pine timber:
Sm = 3.0*0.15 = 0.45m
Those. The thickness of the timber for construction should be 450 mm. In practice, material with such dimensions is not produced. To support indoors comfortable temperature It is necessary to insulate the walls from the inside. To insulate walls both inside and outside, imitation timber is used, under which a layer of insulation based on mineral wool is laid.
Advice! In practice, according to experts, with a wall beam thickness of 150 mm, 100 mm thick insulation is sufficient, and if the timber is 200 mm thick, then 50 mm of insulation is sufficient.
Wall insulation
In order to make living comfortable, imitation timber is used to insulate the walls both inside and outside. Due to the variety of shapes and sizes of this lumber, everyone can choose it to their liking.
Exterior decoration
- Standard length of simulation is 3 and 6 m. There are also sizes 2, 2.2, 3.6, 5.4 m.
- The thickness of the imitation timber ranges from 18 to 34 mm. The width of the lamellas is from 110 to 190 mm.
- In practice, for exterior finishing, a material with a width of 150 mm and a thickness of 25-32 mm is used in order to achieve maximum similarity of the finish to natural material.
- If you use a narrower imitation of timber, the wall will resemble a wall covered with clapboard, and therefore there is no point in overpaying.
In order to achieve a minimum number of joints when exterior decoration The length of the lamellas should be selected greater than the length of the wall.
To prevent a wall finished with imitation timber from warping over time, to select the thickness of the imitation timber, you should use SNiP, which regulates the ratio of the width of the lamellas and their thickness according to the formula:
T=W/5.5,
where T is the thickness of the lamella, and W is its width.
Advice! When laying insulation outside on a wooden wall, a layer of vapor barrier should be placed on both sides of the insulation. This is necessary in order to prevent moisture from entering both inside and outside.
Interior decoration
For interior decoration premises, it is advisable to use imitation with a width of less than 110 mm. This is due to the fact that the wider the lamella, the optically smaller sizes the room being finished. In addition, the thickness of the imitation timber in this case can be significantly less than for exterior finishing, and therefore cheaper.
The product is often fastened indoors in different directions, which allows you to choose its optimal length. Usually take a length of 2 or 3 m. With such lengths, among other things, it is much more convenient to work indoors.
It is especially worth focusing on the ceiling decoration. On the ceiling, the joints of the lamellas are clearly visible. Therefore, for the ceiling lining, you should either use imitation timber for the entire length of the room or join it using the parquet method, alternating the junction of the lamellas with the middle of the next one.
Conclusion
It becomes clear that the process has its own nuances and some subtleties associated with calculations, including the calculation of the optimal thickness of the material. Of course, this work is not the most difficult, but it also requires detailed consideration.
And the video in this article will help you understand some other points.
The question of which timber is best for a home is more relevant today than ever before. First of all, the number wooden buildings is increasing everywhere, and in addition, the range of lumber is also becoming more diverse. As a result, it is not surprising for a person who has decided to purchase building materials to make a mistake in his choice.
What kind of timber is there?
Let's try to figure out which timber is best to build a house from for all-season living. Wooden beam are long beams with rectangular shape cross section.
The standard length of the material is 6 or 9 meters with a thickness of 100 to 300 mm.
These standard sizes are considered optimal for construction. If there is a need for a longer length, you can pay attention to Finnish lumber with a length of up to 12 meters.
According to the degree of processing, the timber is divided into the following modifications:
- edged or sawn timber (raw);
- planed;
- polished;
- profiled.
All long lumber, in accordance with the manufacturing method, is divided into solid, laminated and hollow.
Therefore, to the question what better house from timber or foam block there is no definite answer, because the characteristics of lumber are varied. Again, statistics on the construction of residential buildings made of wood clearly demonstrates that lumber is not inferior to most traditional building materials in terms of thermal conductivity.
Edged timber
Picked up best projects houses made of timber and are looking for inexpensive but high-quality material for their implementation? In this case, you will probably be interested in the classic trim modification.
Essentially this is wooden product, obtained in the process of cutting a tree trunk. Edges are sawn off from a solid log in a horizontal and vertical plane. The result is a beam with a square cross-section with four flat but rough sides.
As a rule, this type of lumber is sold with a natural moisture level. Therefore, during the purchasing process, it is advisable to examine the product for any distortions caused by improper storage.
In the photo - edged timber
The range of standard sizes includes cross sections 250 x 250, 150 x 200, 150 x 150, 100 x 150 and 100 x 100 mm.
Thus, you can select the material as required by the instructions for building a full-fledged cottage or constructing ancillary buildings.
One of the many disadvantages of this type of timber is the need to use inter-crown seals based on jute fabric or natural moss. In the latter case, the insulated walls must be caulked with jute or hemp-linen twine. The fact is that the absence of additional sealing allows precipitation If it gets on the walls, it will seep into the cracks.
As a result, dampness may appear at the junction of the beams and fungus may spread. An equally significant problem with such material is deformation during the drying process.
Planed and sanded material
Don't know which timber is best for building a house? Pay attention to planed and sanded lumber. Such products are not only cut on all sides, but also planed or even ground to a state of optimal smoothness.
Depending on the production technology, beams can be processed from one, two or all sides. Moreover, the corners of the product can be chamfered. The advantages of such timber are optimal appearance combined with ease of use when building a house. .
Important: You need to be careful when choosing these lumber, since planed timber is often sold instead of sanded timber.
Profiled timber
Sometimes it is not easy to decide which size of timber is best for building a house, but it is equally important to decide on the cross-sectional shape. Profile lumber is the most progressive and technologically advanced category of timber. These lumber differ from others by the presence of a locking joint.
Thanks to this structural difference, the crown of one beam fits into the other with maximum density. The design of the product is such that two sides are smooth - internal and external. The top and bottom sides are equipped with fastening elements.
Although the price is slightly higher than the cost of untreated edged beams, purchasing them is a profitable and worthwhile investment.
Currently, the market offers lumber with two main types of profiles: “German” tongue-and-groove (multi-ridge) and “Finnish” with special notches (crown cups). Based on the two types of profiles, various manufacturers are developing new modifications that correspond to the characteristics of a particular construction.
What is it made of
If you have selected the best designs for wooden houses made of timber, it’s time to decide what raw materials it should be made from. construction material. In order for the constructed cottage to be reliable, durable and comfortable, it is advisable to use drier winter wood.
How to distinguish high-quality dry lumber from raw beams? If you decide to build a house with your own hands, use materials with light-colored ends. Such wood is easy to saw, and there is no waviness on the longitudinal cuts.
Tip: the heartwood of wood harvested in winter has a high starch content. It is not so difficult to verify this; to do this, you need to drop iodine onto the cut and the stain should turn blue.
In order not to later wonder which house is better made of timber or foam blocks, pay attention to lateral surface each beam. If possible, the wood should have an even angular cut line, be smooth, without knots and bark residues.
Features of Finnish timber
Can’t decide which house is better, brick or timber? In this case, pay attention to elite lumber made according to Finnish technology.
Among characteristic features of this material we note the following:
- The annual rings in the lamellas are directed towards the center of the section, that is, in opposite directions from each other.
- In the production of these lumber, gluing is used, a process in which fragments of wood of the same color are connected.
- The slats are spliced vertically every 4–6 meters, thereby achieving best view And greatest strength finished product.
- In production, exclusively thick lamellas are used. The question of what thickness of timber is best for building a house in this case is more relevant than ever. After all, this is done so that after gluing the wood does not lose its original breathability. In accordance with the technology, the wood is impregnated with glue to a depth of 2 cm. As a result of the use of thick lamellas, the lumber is impregnated with glue not completely, but superficially.
- Glued laminated timber manufactured abroad using Finnish technology costs twice as much as domestically produced analogues.
Composite materials
Are being built everywhere best houses from timber. As the main building material, both traditional lumber and products manufactured in accordance with the most advanced technologies. In the last couple of years, hollow and packaged varieties of timber have appeared on the market.
Both modifications represent wood block hollow from the inside. This design consists of two boards of a certain thickness with end elements and jumpers. The difference between the two modifications is that the hollow beam is used with air space inside, while the package modification is filled with insulation (based on foam glass or mineral wool).
The advantage of building materials with an air gap is low thermal conductivity and, as a result, the energy efficiency of the house. When it comes to modifications with filler, the question of which house is better from foam blocks or from timber is generally inappropriate. According to the latest data, composite walls retain heat 1.5 times better than masonry made from traditional building materials.
Another new development of the composite type is thermal timber, made of two boards with a polyurethane foam layer. Manufacturers of these materials claim that the degree of thermal conductivity of such walls with a thickness of 160 mm corresponds to the parameters of laminated solid timber with a width of 390 mm. In addition, the cost of the two types of buildings is the same.
Thus, the advantages of the technology are obvious. As for the shortcomings, in all likelihood they also exist, but since the statistics on the use of such materials are insignificant, it is too early to draw any conclusions.
Chamber drying
Don’t know when is the best time to build a house from timber? Yes, in fact, whenever you want, the main thing is that there is no precipitation and that the material does not lose its original degree of moisture. Optimal humidity is the condition due to which construction is carried out quickly without long-term shrinkage.
The best moisture content parameters in construction wood range from 15 to 20%. Drying in special chambers allows you to achieve such parameters. As a rule, the workpiece is dried immediately after sawing the log. Subsequently, the dry wood is sanded, profiled, etc.
So you are planning to build a house and now you have a question what timber to build a house from. First of all, you must decide on the size of the timber. This is very important, because if you choose a thinner beam than you need, your house will be cold in winter, in addition, you will have to additionally sheathe the house from timber for insulation, or insulate the house from the inside. All this will not only entail unnecessary expenses, but will also add a lot of hassle. Therefore, first, the most important thing is to determine the thickness of the beam. Then you need to decide on the type of wood and the type of timber.
For your information, cedar timber is considered the most environmentally friendly and useful. By clicking on the link you will learn its properties, main applications and what experts say about this timber.
What kind of timber to build a house from - types of timber and its thickness.
If the house is planned only for summer living, and you will not live there in winter, then it is better to choose thinner timber to save money. 100x150mm is quite suitable for these purposes. For full-fledged living in the house in winter, the timber needs to be chosen thicker. Here you also need to take into account your winters; if it’s mild, then a 150x150 piece of timber may be enough; for colder winters, take 200x200mm. It would also be a good idea to consult with the owners of similar houses in your region; they will certainly tell you about the thickness of their timber and the comfort of living in the house in winter.
Now let's decide on the types of timber from which you can build a house. Most cheap option this is normal solid timber. Of course, you can build a house from it, but the only advantage of this material is the price. A house built from ordinary timber is subject to strong shrinkage, to reduce this to a minimum it must be well dried, it is advisable to buy timber chamber drying. Further, such a beam must be very even - so that there are no cracks, and this is rare.
There are always gaps between the beams, therefore, having chosen such a material, get ready to systematically caulk it, and annually treat it with various impregnations to increase its service life. Therefore, it can be used if in the future you plan to sheathe the house both inside and outside.
Profiled timber more suitable material, thanks to the grooves available on the material, gap formation is significantly reduced. In addition, such timber is sold in a more dried form, which reduces the amount of shrinkage of the building. But still, over time, shrinkage will occur, and this is the main problem of houses made of timber. For longer operation, such timber also needs protective impregnations. You will also have to seal the cracks with tow or other suitable material.
The most suitable material for building a house is laminated veneer lumber. Its quality, of course, largely depends on the manufacturers. After all, not only its durability, but also the size of the house’s shrinkage, crevice formation, and more depend on the type of glue used and how dry the timber is. The price of laminated veneer lumber is not small, so not everyone can build such a building material. Manufacturers of laminated veneer lumber say that a house built from it does not shrink, but this must be treated with caution. And in the future, if you want to do internal or external finishing you'd better wait a couple of years after the construction of the building until it shrinks completely. You can read about the disadvantages of laminated veneer lumber by following the link.
What kind of timber to build a house from, you already know the answer - the desired thickness is 20x20 cm, the timber should be profiled or, even better, glued. Instructions for building a small wooden house -.
Construction of a house from timber - video
Selection of wood for building a house.
Now let's decide on the type of wood, which type of wood is best to use.
If your money is more or less normal, you can use Siberian cedar, this is one of the best materials for the construction of a residential building or bathhouse. It is an excellent antiseptic, so people living in such a cedar house get sick less; it is also a natural aphrodisiac and has a purplish-red tint. A house built of cedar will emit a pleasant, invigorating smell. You can read more about this wood.
Next, a good option for building a house would be larch timber, positive points— beautiful texture, the wood is stronger than oak, very durable. Having a high density, the material is resistant to moisture. The tree has medicinal properties, a house filled with the smell of larch will have a positive effect on your health. For your confidence in choosing this material, I would also like to add that in Siberia there are houses built from this wood that are more than 300 years old. True, for the timber to be of high quality, it must be made from wood that is at least a hundred years old.
Pine timber is the most common material. Its main advantage over other breeds is low price. Also, the poor quality of this material contributed to its popularity. Of course he is not perfect, but he also has healing properties, and is resistant to moisture, and the structure of the wood has a good appearance.
Oak timber can also be used in the construction of a house. Its main advantage is the resistance to moisture and durability of the material. There are also minor drawbacks - high price, heavy weight and due to its high density it is difficult to handle. Some people only use it for lower crown where there is a high probability of moisture ingress.
Now you know what kind of timber to build a house from, you have the opportunity to choose both by the type of timber and by the type of wood. If you build a house without sparing money, then your choice should fall on laminated timber from larch or cedar.
When choosing wood for building a house, the question of which timber is best for construction interests any user. The number of buildings made of lumber is increasing, and, consequently, the demand for materials is growing, which allows manufacturers to offer more and more new products with a wide variety of quality and practical characteristics. As a result, the owner of the construction site is given a good choice, which needs to be carefully sorted out so as not to make a mistake when purchasing materials.
Types and types of timber
Assuming to build timber house For permanent residence, it is worth remembering that wooden lumber looks like a long beam with a rectangular cross section length 6 meters, thickness 100-300 mm. This is a standard size, considered the most optimal for the construction of buildings.
Advice! If this length of timber is not enough, you should pay attention to elite Finnish wood: manufacturers offer elements up to 12 meters in length.
Materials differ according to various indicators, for example, according to the degree of processing; there are the following types of timber:
- Raw edged/sawn;
- Planed;
- Polished;
- Profiled.
According to the manufacturing method, lumber is divided into:
- whole;
- glued;
- hollow, padded thermal insulation materials as a filler.
Now a little more about the types of timber for building a house, modifications and characteristic features.
Edged timber
Considered a classic material, it is an element obtained by cutting the body of a tree. During processing solid log freed from edges, the result is a building material in the form of a beam square section, having smooth, unprocessed rough planes on all four sides.
The product has natural moisture, so it is possible to inspect the material for distortions that occur during improper storage. Section sizes: 250*250; 150*200; 150*150; 100*150; 100*100 mm. A large range of sizes allows you to choose the optimal batch of lumber to build your own.
Affordable price, high quality and the practicality of the material are advantages, but among the disadvantages it is necessary to note the mandatory use of sealing material. It is mounted between the crowns so that precipitation does not get into the cracks, leading to the destruction of the building. In addition, there is a possibility of the lamellas losing their shape when the process will begin natural drying.
Planed, polished timber
This is an edged product made from wood, which undergoes a sanding process during processing. The result is lumber with smooth planes (on one, two or all sides), sometimes with a removed corner chamfer, which gives an aesthetic appearance and facilitates the construction process.
Advice! Dishonest manufacturers often pass off planed timber as sanded timber, so you need to be especially careful: the price of sanded timber is higher than planed timber. The differences are obvious: planed material does not have the smoothness of sanded material.
Profiled wood building material
It is considered the most progressive and practical for building a house. Each element is equipped with a locking connection, and, therefore, the crowns are adjacent with maximum density. In addition, the smoothness of both sides and the presence of fasteners make it possible to build a warm and strong structure, so the increased price of the product does not frighten consumers.
Advice! There are two profile options on the market: tongue-and-groove (German) and bowl-shaped (Finnish). The choice depends on the construction technology and the preferences of the developer.
Glued laminated timber
The material consists of several separate lamellas obtained by cutting the body of a tree, glued together. Thanks to pre-drying, as well as gluing taking into account the direction of the fibers, the product is considered one of the most reliable and high-quality for building a house. High-tech laminated veneer lumber does not shrink, does not require additional processing of wall panels and has high energy saving rates. Developers consider the lack of deformation and moisture resistance to be one of the main advantages of the material. The high cost of the material is due to its practicality and quality.
Advice! The material labeled LVL is also laminated veneer lumber, but has regular veneer as components. This causes it to be hard on the outside but soft at the core. It is considered the most expensive and high-quality wood material. Due to increased strength, elasticity and moisture-repellent properties, the timber is not subject to corrosion, does not rot, assortment range has a different set of lengths, which allows us to call the piece goods universal for building a house.
Finnish timber
Elite wood with the following characteristic features:
- the annual rings in the lamellas have a unique direction opposite to each other, that is, they “look” at the center of the section.
- Strength and flexibility are also due to vertical splicing components every 4-6 meters.
- To obtain the finished product, thick elements are spliced together, so the question is: which beam thickness to choose is of utmost importance. Standard technology recommends impregnating the elements with an adhesive composition for at least 2 cm, due to which the material is not completely impregnated, but only in the upper layers.
Important! Finnish laminated timber has a price that is 2-2.5 times higher than its Russian counterpart.
Composite timber materials
The packaged and hollow types of timber that have appeared on the market are also suitable for the construction of houses and buildings for various purposes. Representing a wooden block that is hollow inside, the structure consists of a pair of boards equipped with end elements and lintels.
The differences are:
- The package material is internally filled with insulation, which has a base made of mineral wool or foam glass.
- Hollow timber has no filling.
The main feature is increased energy-saving characteristics, which allows you to build a house with high energy efficiency indicators. Due to its technological features, composite beams are extremely affordable, but are superior in quality to foam blocks, and experts say: a piece of composite timber product retains heat 2 times better than masonry made from brick, gas blocks and other standard materials.
Advice! For areas with high temperature fluctuations, the latest development is suitable - thermal timber. It is also a composite material consisting of hollow timber filled with polyurethane foam. The price category of a finished house is comparable to the cost of a house made of glued solid timber, however, when deciding what thickness of timber to take, choosing a glued one, you will have to make a wall of 390 mm, an alternative thermal timber can be taken of 160 mm. This means that with equal cost and energy saving indicators, wall panels made of composite thermal timber will be thinner.
When calculating the disadvantages and advantages of lumber, it is worth paying attention to the optimal humidity. This figure should be approximately 15-20%. Quality is achieved by drying in special chambers. The process should be carried out immediately after cutting the body of the log, and only then, the dried lamellas are processed, sanded, and so on.
Choosing the thickness of timber for building a house
Everything here is quite simple: standard timber for construction can be square or rectangular section with side dimensions of 100, 150, 200 mm. Some manufacturers offer sides measuring 250 mm on order, but here you will need to focus on the price of lumber. It turns out that Wall panel, specified by the dimensions of the timber, can be 100-250 mm thick. And the parameter is selected depending on the needs of the owner: the thicker the beam, the higher the rigidity of the structure. In addition, the wall must provide protection from the cold.
Important! The strength of wall structures is based not only on the thickness of the timber. When building a house, the presence and number of openings, the configuration of the walls and other indicators are taken into account; the assembly, or rather its quality, should also be taken into account.
Experienced developers advise choosing timber with a thickness of 100-150 mm for a one-story building, but parameters of 150-200 mm are better for building a house of 2 or more floors. It is also important to understand that when constructing an all-season heated building, it is necessary to insulate the walls from the outside; without this element, all modern houses will not meet accepted energy saving standards.
If we compare wall structures made of timber of different thicknesses, a weak dependence of the thermal resistance, determined by the thickness of the elements, is noticeable. For example, an insulated wall made of 150 mm timber is only 12-15% “warmer” than a wall 100 mm thick. Conclusion: when high-quality insulation and thorough waterproofing, it is enough to choose a good timber, as well as insulation. The calculation is approximately this: for walls made of 100 mm timber (100*150-200 mm), purchase mineral wool insulation of the same thickness (100-150 mm). This will be enough to maintain the high energy efficiency of the building.
But, nevertheless, when choosing what thickness of lumber to buy, it is worth remembering that building from thick timber has many other advantages, in particular, the structure will have less ability to warp when drying, greater strength and heat capacity.
Advice! Sheathing houses for seasonal living, bathhouses and outbuildings heat-insulating material not necessary, but it all depends on what size of timber is chosen. Experts recommend not to go cheap, but to build a bathhouse or summer house from lumber with a thickness of 150 mm or more. Heat accumulation is higher, which means that when warming up optimal temperature will last longer.
Types of beam connections
The technology for constructing timber walls is different, but it is important to know the types of timber connections. Today developers offer the following typical connections:
- Angular. It happens with a residue (in the bowl) and without a residue (in the paw). With a remainder - a type that represents the protruding ends of the log house at a distance of approximately 0.5 meters. It is expensive, but heat loss is reduced and the strength of the building increases. Without remainder - the type when the end of the frame ends at the level of the wall. The connection occurs using staples or spiked plates with nails.
- Longitudinal connection is used when the length of the timber is insufficient. The increase in size occurs by connecting two elements. There are several ways:
- tenon with key;
- half a tree;
- root thorn.
- T-shaped connection. It is used when it is necessary to fasten the outer and inner walls. The options are as follows:
- by creating a trapezoidal symmetrical tenon in the log house;
- creating a triangular tenon in a log house;
- a locking groove on an insert tenon;
- straight groove on the main tenon.
Despite the variety of connection types, there are some general recommendations:
- the beam is rounded with outside to minimize the threat of water accumulation in the grooves;
- the place where the logs touch must be smooth and carefully polished.
It is a good idea to give the elements additional tightness by coating the joints with a composition of resin and sand.
