How to properly operate a plastering machine. Do-it-yourself plastering machine: classes, sizes, solutions How to make a manual plastering machine

A plastering machine for mechanical finishing of walls helps a person get rid of heavy manual labor. This is especially important when performing repair work on a large object in a short time. Plastering with a machine is a process of leveling walls with special mixtures. It allows you to replace doing the work yourself with a mechanical method, while preparing the mixture and applying it to the surface.

If when working manually:

The mixture needs to be prepared in small portions because it hardens quickly, in about 50 minutes.
Operations are slow.
Even a fairly experienced plasterer will not be able to prepare a solution of the same consistency every time.
It is impossible to apply the mixture simultaneously to the entire surface:

the solution is mixed;
throws himself on the wall.

As a result, part of the wall practically dries out, the second part dries out, and the third part is only covered with mortar. The result is a scaly surface, which can lead to unevenness and cracks over time.

Unlike the manual process, the mechanized one allows:

Apply coating quickly and evenly.
Achieve better surface finishes.
Save solution - it is used significantly less. This is due to the fact that when the unit stirs, the mixture is saturated with air, which increases the volume of the solution.

So, when manually plastering the finishing of one square meter area requires approximately 16 kilograms of solution, and when using the apparatus - 13 kilograms. One layer saves 3 kilograms. When applying three layers, this difference is already 9 kilograms, which means the price of the material will be less.

Treat facades and walls in a shorter time, which significantly increases labor productivity. The device applies the solution to the surface much faster. This allows you to use a wider spatula and long rule than when working manually. The wall surface becomes smoother, which is very important for further finishing of surfaces.

The principle of operation of the unit and the technology of applying the solution

The main element of the plastering machine is the container:

Water flows into it and the dry mixture is poured. The proportions of materials are programmed, which allows you to obtain a solution of only the desired consistency.
Here the composition is thoroughly mixed, loosened, and saturated with oxygen.

Then:

The mixture is applied to the surface through hoses.
The use of special nozzles allows you to cover in a minimum time large area, A large sizes rules and a spatula to level this surface in a few minutes.

Tip: With mechanized plastering, one or two workers can complete a large amount of work, up to five times faster than by hand.

Instructions for carrying out plastering works includes:

Using a level, the curvature of the walls is measured.
On external corners guide beacons made of aluminum are installed. These works are done manually.

The device is connected to the electrical network and a water supply.
The dry mixture is poured into the hopper of the plastering machine.

Tip: If there is no water supply at the construction site, you should use the pump included in the equipment package. It supplies liquid to the hopper, regardless of the type of container.

Feed auger plaster mixture delivers to the mixing chamber.
The composition is thoroughly mixed with water until a homogeneous consistency is obtained.
Mixing occurs continuously throughout the entire operation of the machine, which allows you to obtain a solution sufficiently High Quality.
The mixture is supplied through a mortar hose to the surface to be treated and evenly applied to it, as shown in the photo.

The mortar on the walls is leveled using large spatulas, a trowel and a rule. In this case, the surface is rubbed until it is even and smooth.
The plaster mixture on the walls is left to dry.
Other sections of the wall are being prepared for finishing and the corners are being finished.
All stages of the machine plastering process are controlled by building levels.
The last operation is elimination minor scratches and protrusions, grouting the surface with a special sponge.

What mixture is used for devices

Mixtures for plastering machines are produced:

Dry.
Liquid.

They can treat surfaces from:

Drywall(see How to plaster drywall and whether it is necessary to do it).
Concrete.
Reinforced concrete slabs.
Brick, which could be:

silicate;
hollow;
ceramic.

Aerated concrete.
Cellular concrete.

Tip: The prepared solution must be used at temperatures ranging from 5°C to 29°C. Before starting plastering, a primer corresponding to the type of surface being treated is applied.

Besides:

Used special composition plaster for fixing the corner profile.
For plastering facades, the solution is made from mixtures that are intended for this type of work.
For interior decoration, it is better to use gypsum-based mixtures. They are used to level the surfaces of ceilings and walls in rooms with low humidity. Gypsum plaster allows the surface to be made more even, smooth, with high strength and environmentally friendly.

How to make a machine for applying plaster

A homemade plastering machine, just like an industrial unit, allows you to apply the solution faster and with better quality than manually. One of them could be a homemade pneumatic bucket or a small hopper.

This not very complicated device allows you to apply mortar to walls with virtually no losses, very quickly, without special preparation. How additional material For self-made devices, a video is offered in this article.

Tip: This type of device is intended for finishing large areas and for plastering the entire building. If the area to be treated is small, it will take more time to install the device and, after finishing the work, to wash it afterwards.

The advantages of the device compared to manual process, are:

The speed of application of the solution increases by approximately 2.5 times, without loss of coating quality - the created jet pressure promotes adhesion.

Finishing can be done using various admixtures and fibers.
The solution can be applied to walls indoors and outdoors.
The device is easy to clean. To facilitate maintenance, it is better to make the container from stainless or galvanized steel. The pneumatics simply need to be blown out with a working jet of air, after which all parts are dried.

To make such a pneumatic mechanism, first of all, you should understand on what principle it works, which will facilitate the assembly of the pneumatic bucket.

The action of the device is performed in the following sequence:

From the compressor, a stream of air flows through a hose into a bucket, which is filled with solution.
On the opposite wall of the container there are holes for pushing out the mixture under air pressure.
The front wall of the bucket is tilted; this will allow the mixture to be scooped out more efficiently from the container where it was prepared in advance.

Tip: To prevent the solution from spilling when applied to the ceiling, a small lid should be made on the top of the hopper, which will cover only a third of the hole on the side from which the air will be supplied.

A nozzle is put on the pneumatic hose, serving as a nozzle; its internal diameter should be 5 millimeters, and the diameter of the outlet should be 12 millimeters.
The nozzle is adjusted so that the distance from it to the front wall, or to the outlet, is approximately 20 millimeters. In this case, the lower part of the bucket can be much larger: 50x50 millimeters or 70x70 millimeters.
The material for the manufacture of the structure is chosen from a variety of materials, from any available parts. It is important that the principle be followed: the solution is lowered through a narrow space and pushed out by air.

For example, when the distance to the front wall from the nozzle increases to 100 millimeters, almost all the pneumatic power will be spent on the resistance of the solution, and at the top of the container only bubbles and too weak outflow of the solution through the outlet hole will be observed.

The sides of the bucket are fixed with two clamps attached to the edges of the hopper and the nozzle itself. In this case, the bucket receives three points of support. The clamps can be welded, secured with rivets, the front part must be fixed to a threaded connection.

Tip: When plastering with a pneumatic ladle, you need to use a thicker solution.

A gun is connected to the compressor through a hose; in this case, a pressure of two to three atmospheres is required: with a higher value, the spray will inflate, with a lower value, there will be no jet.
When plastering, the distance to the outlet from the wall is approximately 18 centimeters, and the thickness of the layer is adjusted as necessary.

Tip: To increase the speed of work, you should do large quantity nozzles and outlets. In any case, the hose remains alone.

The use of any mechanical apparatus facilitates the process of plastering surfaces.

When building a house, the second most labor-intensive operation after the construction of walls is their finishing. It is necessary to hide the unevenness and defects of the masonry and apply a fur coat to the façade for insulation. Level and smooth the surfaces of the walls so that the cladding and painting fit well and look aesthetically pleasing. Relieve difficult work A plastering machine helps in mixing the solution and applying it to the walls and floor. More complex and productive mechanical plastering stations are capable of continuously producing mortar and delivering it to greater heights.

Finishing work using a plastering machine

Mechanization of labor-intensive wall finishing

Plastering of walls is carried out inside and outside. Mixing the solution takes a lot of time and effort. It is possible to attract unskilled workers to work. But throwing the composition onto the wall, especially the ceiling, requires the skill and dexterity of a craftsman if done manually. The quality of the finish and its durability depend on the correct application of the plaster and putty material.

When the construction of the walls of Vadik’s house was completed, the question arose about finishing the surfaces with his own hands. My friend knew how time-consuming this process was. But he visited me at work several times and saw that the team was using a machine to apply plaster during repairs. small apartments. The guys cover the fur coat on the facade and large areas inside at a height of up to the 9th floor using a powerful plastering station. Therefore, my friend simply asked what needed to be prepared for work and when we would start.

Mechanical application of the solution is carried out using compressed air. The dry mixture must be diluted to the desired consistency and everything should work. Therefore, in order to make a fur coat on the facade and finishing internal surfaces quickly and efficiently, you need to have special equipment.

A generator producing electricity with a power of 380V. When building outside the city, there are often no power lines nearby or they supply 220V current. Most equipment is designed for current consumption of 380 - 400V.
A source of water in the form of a water pipe, well or borehole. You can use large tanks, but then you will have to interrupt work to fill them.
Compressor.
The machine itself is for mechanical plastering.

German companies produce indoor plastering machines operating on 220V current. Large stations have their own compressor and it is enough to connect water and electricity to them. They can work around the clock. They are sold in stores, and craftsmen create small plastering machines with their own hands. The prepared solution is loaded into them and the compressor is connected. A manual machine can reduce operating time by 3 times.

The plastering station has its own compressor. It is indispensable when you need to coat the façade and finish surfaces above the first floor. Cost efficiency ratio work force and the time at the stations reaches 70.

Based on power, design and application, automatic machines for mechanizing plastering can be divided into groups:

hand-held machines applying to the wall ready mixture;
machines for mixing mortar and covering walls with it;
plastering stations for continuous production of mortar and its supply over long distances and heights.

I made the calculations in advance, and Vadik delivered everything necessary materials and dry mixes to a house under construction. On Friday evening, I collected equipment from my areas that we might need and sent it to a friend. Over the weekend, the two of us should do most of the finishing work.

Attention! Plastering stations and machines that produce mortar work using special mixtures. When purchasing, choose compounds that indicate on the packaging that they are for mechanical plaster.

Devices for applying plaster when finishing an apartment with your own hands

Plastering machine for wall finishing

My construction business started as a family business. My wife and I were renovating apartments. At that time I made a lot with my own hands various devices, making work easier. One of the mechanisms is designed for applying plaster to the surface of walls. You can use it to make a fur coat.

The container of my plastering machine was filled with mortar. A hose from a 220V compressor was connected inside. The liquid mixture was sprayed onto the wall using compressed air. I constantly had to stop to fill the tank. Thanks to simple mechanism I could work on my own, without help, and did 3 times more per day than by hand. The advantage of fast work was the absence of transitions. The solution did not have time to set while I was preparing and applying the next batch.

The advantages of manual plastering machines are that they can be used in small spaces. They can operate from a compressor and an electric motor. The disadvantage is that only vertical surfaces can be processed. If the tank is in a different position, the mixture will spill. Need a good one physical training to hold the tank suspended and guide it.

Mechanical plastering machines effectively help private entrepreneurs

Plastering machine for finishing work

I brought a purchased plastering machine to Vadik. It was a tank on wheels. A hose came out from below to supply the solution with compressed air. If we compare it with my first mechanism, it has clear advantages:

you only need to hold the hose leading from the machine in your hands;
you can apply the solution to the ceiling;
the tank has a volume of 60 - 80 liters;
per minute, up to 20 liters of the mixture are sprayed onto the surface of the walls;
special attachments allow you to make a fur coat, decorative plaster and putty, self-leveling floors;
the solution application machine is designed for round-the-clock operation;
the equipment is easily disassembled into units and placed in the trunk of the “pie”.

At one time I bought just such a car, because it could be easily transported and lifted by elevator to the floor I needed. Compact equipment takes up little space. It fits even in cramped Khrushchev apartment buildings.

An automatic plastering machine also has disadvantages. For those who like to do their own repairs, it is expensive. When working with small volumes, the consumption of plaster increases due to the solidification of the solution in the supply hose.

It is convenient to use the plastering machine when working on interior decoration apartments and houses. It is purchased by owners of small and medium-sized construction business. There was no need to work around the clock. But during times of blockage at work, I helped the guys, and we worked as a couple until 16 hours. The unit stood freely. Apply a coat of mortar evenly onto the wall. It is easy to equalize with the rule after it.

The plastering station will replace a whole team of workers

A plastering machine greatly speeds up the process of applying plaster to a wall.

When Vadik learned how to apply the solution evenly on the walls of the pantry using a machine, we began finishing the facade. For this I brought a plastering station. It differs from a car:

high solution supply speed;
built-in compressor;
water is connected;
prepares the solution itself from the dry mixture poured into the hopper;
The feed regulator allows you to apply putty mixtures;
air pressure of 3 - 4 atmospheres compacts the plaster and leaves no voids;
a long hose allows you to work at a distance of up to 50 meters from the station;
The power is designed to supply liquid mixture to a height of up to 30 meters.

We prepared forests and lighthouses in advance. Vadik applied a coat of mortar to the wall, and I smoothed it after him. If we take into account the costs of time and labor, then the efficiency of using a plastering station reaches a factor of 20. The two of us completely plastered the facade two-story house for one day.

Additionally, we made a fur coat on the walls of the garage. The station stood still. The length of its hose was enough to cover the entire perimeter and height of the outer walls. The dry mixture was poured into the hopper without stopping the operation of the mechanism. Water was connected from a well.

A trowel will quickly complete the preparation for painting the entire room.

Applying plaster by hand is a long, time-consuming process. In most cases, it is more profitable to use a machine to spray the mixture. It allows you to reduce labor costs and save on purchasing Supplies and improve the quality of work. When using the automatic method, there is no need to apply putty or prime the surface.

Design

You can understand what a plastering machine is by looking at the photo. Its main details:

receiving hopper;
electric motor (compressor);
mixture supply system;
mixer for creating a solution;
Control block.

A special dry mixture for the machine is poured into a hopper and fed in parts into the mixer. Then water is poured in. The solution is thoroughly mixed and, when the optimal consistency is obtained, it is sprayed, passing under the influence of compressed air through the supply system. Some station models can be controlled using remote controls.

A simpler plaster application machine is a pump that applies the mixture to the walls. It is not equipped with a mixer for creating mortar: workers make the mortar with their own hands using a drill. The main advantage of such models is their low cost. They are used when performing apartment renovation work and when finishing small areas.

Varieties

There are several types of plastering machines. Depending on the method of work there are:

pneumatic - the compressor creates the air pressure necessary to apply the solution to the walls; There are three types of such devices: air guns, buckets and machines;
electric ones operate using an electric motor;
manual plastering machines resemble a barrel organ: the solution is sprayed by turning the handle.

Construction sites often use plastering stations - large electrical devices that allow you to quickly prepare a significant volume of mortar and apply it to the surface. even layer.

Plaster Trowel

There are also special devices for grouting plaster - eliminating unevenness and scratches. You can see them in the photo. They are pneumatic or equipped electric motor. The design of the first:

gearbox;
replaceable trowel discs;
air motor;
body and side handle.

The body of the device is often used as a handle. A disk made of textolite or liquid wood is installed on the gearbox shaft. To make it convenient to operate the machine, it is equipped with an additional handle. When treating walls, their surface is wetted with water. The liquid is supplied through a spray nozzle.

Devices with an electric motor consist of:

handles;
engine;
load-bearing disks onto which grout plates (made of foam plastic) are attached with screws or glue;
gearbox

The operating principle is the same as that of pneumatic devices. The surface of the walls to be leveled is wetted with water.

Mixture application technique

Let's return to covering the walls with plaster. To better understand the principle of operation, you can watch the video. The device consists of a container in which a solution of the required consistency is made from a dry mixture and liquid. During the creation process, it is saturated with oxygen. Using a hose, the worker covers the surface to be treated. Special nozzles allow you to spray the solution over a fairly large area. It would have taken him 4-5 times longer to apply the mixture with his own hands.

Before using the machine, the curvature of the walls is usually measured using a level and metal guides are installed. A person must do this with his own hands. Next, you should connect the device to the electrical network and a water supply. To dispense liquid from a container (this is useful if construction site no communications) you can use a pump.

The solution continues to mix while the machine is running, ensuring uniformity. It is important that with automatic feeding the surface is covered evenly: with low mixture consumption, finishing is performed at a high level.

Mixture for devices

The machine for plastering walls works on ready-made mixtures. They come in two types: dry and liquid. Using the device, you can treat plasterboard, reinforced concrete, concrete, and brick surfaces. It is also suitable for finishing cellular concrete and aerated concrete.

The use of the solution is allowed at temperatures from +5 to +30°C. Mixes for manual plastering cost 30% more than for automatic application. This helps you save money. But you need to take into account that purchasing a device is not advisable if you do not plan to use it constantly.

The solution is selected taking into account the type of work. Compositions for fastening corner profiles, interior and exterior decoration are sold.

When purchasing a device, you should pay attention to its power, productivity, and method of supplying the solution (with horizontal supply, the spray range is greater than with vertical supply). Pneumatic and mechanical models are suitable for apartment renovation, and electric stations are suitable for covering large surfaces.

The work of builders and finishers has never been easy. In general, work aimed at finishing certain surfaces has always been recognized as very labor-intensive - and in our time this trend continues. However, mechanization has also reached this area of construction. For example, a plastering machine appeared.

That is, the master no longer needs with my own hands perform many heavy, complex operations. In economic terms, this approach to business can be called very profitable.

The advantages of such technology

Of course, this is not at all an autonomous robotic mechanism, which we can see in science fiction films. Without human control, plastering machines cannot operate, even the most modern ones.

However, this device performs the most routine, difficult procedures for the worker– this is why cars are valued.

Namely:

Everyone knows that preparing plaster (or any other solution) is not the easiest task. So, plastering machines do all this on their own;
Another important plus is that the machine doses the amount of dry mixture and water very accurately. As a result, you will always receive only a solution of the highest quality possible - errors in this regard are completely eliminated. The human factor used to play an important role here, but today you don’t have to worry about errors - the machine certainly won’t allow them;
Since mixing is carried out mechanically and the composition is supplied very quickly, the solution is saturated with air. Because of this, its volume increases - and this results in significant savings - in comparison with manual work;
A lot of time, as well as labor resources, is saved through the use of plastering machines. This technique for plastering surfaces can easily replace a full-fledged team of workers. She does the same job, only one hundred percent efficiently, and very quickly.

Another interesting feature that is definitely worth mentioning: since the solution is automatically applied to the walls very quickly and evenly, it dries much faster, which also benefits the entire work process.

Thus, this technique significantly increases the level of finishing quality - and any experienced master will agree with this.

But that's not all:

In addition to all of the above, the machine for plastering walls is quite affordable to operate. The operating manual (instructions) is extremely simple. That is, anyone can service such equipment without any problems. To do this, it is not at all necessary to be a professional finishing specialist;
The dimensions of the device itself are not very large. The kit also includes very comfortable handles for transportation. That is, two adult men are enough for the plastering machine to be delivered to the floor where it is required - to any site of your construction site;
Many models of such units are assembled from separate modules. Thanks to this approach, the machine can be assembled and disassembled if necessary - which is very convenient in terms of storage or when it is necessary to transport it over a considerable distance;
In any serial model, all basic processes are necessarily regulated - due to this, the plastering machine can be used not only on some particularly large objects - but also on very small work sites by small teams of builders.

The main points in the operation of such plastering equipment

Let's figure it out - How do such machines generally function??

For the device to work, it needs access to the electrical network. In certain situations an important condition work is also the presence of running water. If you simply do not have a source of water supply at your construction site, you should not be upset. Serial units are equipped with a pump that will supply water without problems - from any container you find;
Any machine has a hopper where the dry mixture is loaded. It is also customary to add ready-made mixtures, straight from the factory, intended for plastering surfaces;
The finished mixture is fed from the bunker using a screw into a specialized chamber to be mixed with water. The entire mixing process is carried out continuously - and the finished mixture is pumped into the distribution system immediately.

Please note: if it happens that the machine turns off, you do not need to worry about excess solution that was prepared. There will be very few of them - only what remains in the hose and in the chamber. All this is very easy to work out on plaster. problem areas- this is what experienced finishers do.

A special device is attached to the end of the mortar hose. Most often, it looks like a pistol. Through of this device The mixture is applied to the wall in an even layer. As is typical for a plaster gun, this technique has several application modes available. They intensify depending on the consistency of the solution and the type of surface being treated;
Plastering machines can operate on piston, screw, or diaphragm pumps. It is customary to distinguish two basic types of AMS devices (plaster mixing unit). The design has a cyclic block so that the solution is mixed continuously;
The AS system has a simpler design, which can be simply deciphered: a plastering unit. It requires a ready-made solution - and it must be of high quality. Such a device is an older analogue of the ACS; it can only be called cost-effective for particularly large construction sites.

What is the application technology: details

Let's talk about how the solution is applied using such a machine. It all looks something like this:

Before applying the composition, you must prepare the surface thoroughly (read about). Preparatory process is carried out in the same way as before manual application of plaster. That is, the surface is simply inspected, the old finishing layer is removed. It is important that there are no oil or paint stains on the wall.

Make sure the base is clean, strong and dry. And if you detect the presence of mold or mildew, they must be removed.

Then the primer is applied. This is done according to what type of solution is used. The primer should be applied with a brush or an ordinary roller - whichever is more convenient for you. Before applying it to the wall, corner profiles and beacons are installed. They can be attached to the solution - or used assembly adhesive for this;
And now you can connect the machine that plasters the walls to work. Any device of this level is accompanied by instructions - it must be operated strictly in accordance with this documentation. As soon as the assembly is completed and everything is connected, the technician must check all the hoses: there should be no deflections;
Next, the operator must stand at an angle to the wall being processed - and work can begin. In the leading hand, the person holds a gun, and the second hand is currently fixing the hose.

Please note: the hose should under no circumstances be stretched. Also, there should be no voltage in the docking station.

First of all, you need to fill out everything large cracks and depressions (read the material about). Then, the composition is applied to the surface evenly. It is customary to carry out plastering from the upper left corner of the room - in the process they gradually move down to the right;
When working with ceiling covering, it is customary to start from the corner - the one that is farthest from the window. The composition is laid in even strips, the length of each of them is about 700 mm. Depending on the thickness of the application, the laying step is selected;
If a thick layer of plaster is applied - exactly the same as when working manual method, the plaster is laid in layers. The time interval between applications should be at least 30 minutes;
In general, machines for applying plaster are not the only ones technical means, which today help people with finishing work. If the volume is large and the area is flat, a trowel is used, and plastering is also done with its help;
It is customary to install it using beacons, then secure it. Next, the machine will lay down the solution in an even layer. After this installation, the surface does not require grouting or additional leveling. However, this unit is capable of working only on the mixture that is immediately ready;
You can prepare the solution yourself. Also, it is possible to use both units in combination. This approach automates the entire process by about 75%.

We invite you to watch the video: how a trowel works today - how plaster is applied with its help.

To date, all units that are provided at construction market, operate either on ready-made solutions, or on dry plaster mixtures (which are combined with water automatically).

DIY plastering machine

Without a doubt, any serial model of a plastering machine is a very powerful device, distinguished by practicality, high level quality. However, there is one serious disadvantage - the cost. Plastering machines are known to be expensive. Of course, a person will not buy such equipment if he needs to cope with some one-time work. At the same time, renting a plastering machine is also not always possible.

How to act wisely in such a situation? How to simplify your work and mechanize the process?

There are options:

To solve the problem, you can make a plastering machine yourself. Of course, “machine” is a strong word, however, such a technique will cope with the application of the plaster composition. Yes, the productivity and power of your development will be in many ways inferior to models made in series, but the cost of the unit will be moderate. At the same time, working with such a device is easy and quick - which is what is required in the finishing process;
Usually a simple fire extinguisher is taken as a basis (a product with a capacity of 4 liters will be sufficient. There are already many parts that will be required for the manufacture of a plastering machine. Namely: a cylinder for the solution, a handle, there is even a lever with which the inlet valve opens. If fire extinguisher has large volume– the device will be too large. A small capacity is also not suitable for work - you will have to refill it too often;
First of all, you will need to remove the bottom of the fire extinguisher. Homemade machine will work on the same principle as a spray gun. So the solution hopper is a fire extinguisher container, it must be located strictly upside down - no other position will work here;
Next, a hole is drilled opposite the outlet valve and a metal tube is inserted into it. A nozzle is mounted at the end of this tube, the diameter of which should be from 4 to 5 mm. Air from the compressor will be supplied precisely through it;
Your future device will have power that depends not only on the diameter of the outlet. Here, air pressure should also be taken into account; the size of the gap between the outlet nozzle and the nozzle is also very important.

The closer the nozzle is located to the outlet nozzle, the stronger the mixture will be ejected. Be sure to take this into account if you build a plastering machine with your own hands.

To perform plastering under a fur coat, you need 15-20 mm of distance from the nozzle to the nozzle. And if the mixtures are finely dispersed, the nozzle should be closer and the compressor pressure should be higher, in this situation you will get the desired result;
Of course, you can work hard: cut a thread on a metal air duct tube required diameter, secure the tube to the nuts, and also install sealing gaskets. The gap in this situation will be adjustable. However, you can also scald the compound;
At the same time, the simplest way out is this: the tube is fixed and immediately sealed with simple resin;
The fire extinguisher hopper (with the tube inserted into it) is installed so that the angle between the axis of the inlet hole and the horizon is 45 degrees. Liquid resin is poured with the following calculation: its level should slightly fall short of the nozzle. After this, the fire extinguisher should be left alone until the resin hardens;
The solution associated with pouring resin is also good in the sense that during operation the solution will flow directly to the nozzle - along an inclined surface;
Then, you must have a compressor that is capable of creating a pressure of at least two atmospheres. All connecting hoses are connected, the solution is poured - and the plastering machine is completely prepared for work.

Results

We figured out that plastering automatic machine– an ideal tool for specialists. If you have your own construction company or just work in a team that performs Finishing work– yours faithful assistant there will be a plastering machine - this tool will increase income by an order of magnitude, there is no doubt.

However, if you just want to finish own house– the easiest way is to rent a compressor somewhere or use improvised elements (a fire extinguisher, as discussed in this article) to make a full-fledged plastering unit.

Mechanized plaster appeared on the construction services market relatively recently. And how does everyone New Product was subjected to careful study and evaluation by performers. Consumer reviews of mechanical plastering of walls are quite positive.

This article will analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the machine method of applying plaster. A comparison was made with the manual method and given short review mixtures and machines used.

What is the essence of machine plastering of walls?

It should immediately be noted that most devices only apply plaster to the base by machine. The processes of surface preparation, leveling and grouting, priming and putty, all this is done manually or using traditional means of small-scale mechanization (using spray guns, planes, etc.). However, recently there have appeared devices that produce a full range of wall plastering mechanized way. In addition, they try to make most devices universal so that they can be used for screeding floors or pouring small foundations.

Plastering walls by machine, with uniform spraying you can work without beacons

The sequence of machine plastering of walls, in the video all stages of the process from filling the apparatus and preparing the surface to grouting:

Advantages and disadvantages

The main advantage is highest performance labor. The most primitive mechanisms for automated plastering of walls have a productivity of 1.2 m 3 /hour. Which is 20-40 m 2 of surface per shift. It should be borne in mind that if the application rules are followed, even the rough surface turns out to be more even than with manual sketching, which significantly saves time on leveling. As a result, the time spent on finishing is reduced by 3-5 times.
Mechanical plaster provides a stronger connection to the base. It is carried out due to the high initial speed and impact force when throwing. Particles of the mixture penetrate into the slightest irregularities in the base and adhere tightly to the material, the contact area and the amount of adhesion increase.
Significant savings on plaster.

The remaining advantages of mechanized wall plaster, reviews of which can be found, relate more to the properties of the facing mixture itself, and not to the method of its application. The main disadvantages include:

The need to have a fairly expensive device. Of course, you can try to rent a car to do mechanical plastering of the walls yourself, but as practice shows, the cost of such a rental will not differ much from hiring a team of professional plasterers.
At the site where repairs or finishing work are being carried out, it is necessary to have not only an electrical connection, but also a centralized water supply through a hose.

Plasters

Machine-applied plasters use special mixtures with modifying additives. They do not stick to the working surfaces of the mechanism, but have good adhesion to the base. There are already quite a lot of such mixtures and their cost is not much higher than that of conventional compositions.

Using special mechanized plaster for walls, video of application of two compositions:

VOLMA MN:

Plaster machine plaster KNAUF – Grundband:

Comparison of machine and hand plastering

The studies have confirmed that the quality and reliability of finishing produced by hand and by machine differ significantly. At manual way, the solution is applied to small areas 1-3 m 2 each, in addition, in most cases, the worker carries out mixing once every 40 minutes - 1 hour. The previous areas of the treated surface have time to dry out, as a result the entire surface resembles a puzzle where some areas have dried out, others are just beginning to set, and still others are being applied. Cracks are very likely to appear at the joints. When mechanically plastering walls, the entire solution has almost the same moisture content and is more monolithic in composition.

While gaining speed, the plastering machine is also more economical. To apply one layer to the surface, the device requires up to 13 kg, and when handmade 16 kg. this is due to the fact that when kneading in the machine, the mixture is saturated with air and becomes more voluminous.

There are more and more areas where mechanized plastering is more profitable. It is advisable to carry out work manually on a surface that has many protrusions, pits, holes and other decorative elements. For processing bases large area It is more profitable to use a machine for applying plaster.

Apparatuses and devices for applying plaster by machine

There are two main principles of machine application - jet and mechanized. The jet type, in turn, is divided according to the principle of solution supply:

Screw - the solution is supplied mechanically through a pipe to the spray nozzle. Equipment for auger plastering of walls by machine, in the video of the PFT series device:

Screw machine for automatic mixing and mechanized spraying, PFT series

Pneumatic - uses a special gun to plaster walls in a hopper in which the facing mixture is placed. A pressure of 2-3 atm is provided by a special compressor. Such machines are simpler and easier to operate, but have much less functionality and do not mix the solution.

Automatic pneumatic installation, plastering machine using a cartouche gun

Cartridge pneumatic gun for applying plaster

Pneumatic installations are not so convenient; you have to mix the solution yourself, constantly add it to the container of the cartouche gun, and holding the filled container in your hands is quite difficult.

Important: Using a cartouche installation, it is almost impossible to machine spray the mixture on a surface near the ceiling, since the hopper gets in the way.

There are also very low-cost versions of mechanization, such as a pneumatic shovel. The principle of operation is the same as that of a cartouche gun, but this device can use conventional lining solutions. There are no restrictions on the filler fraction.

Pneumatic bucket for mechanized spraying on plinths, external walls, etc.

Devices for applying plaster using a mechanized method are mounted on telescopic spacers close to the surface to be treated. They do not mix solutions, but only “place” them on the surface of the base. It should be noted that they are much more expensive, machine and manual application. Their key advantage is the need for minimal smoothing of the base surface only at the points of contact of the treated strips.

Mechanized robot plasterer

Plastering by machine, the video shows a mechanized apparatus that applies and simultaneously smoothes the mixture:

conclusions

Undoubtedly, the use of plastering mechanisms is more than justified, both in terms of speed and cost. And given the wide variety of devices, independent automated cladding can be carried out interior walls and building facades.