What is isover? Thermal insulation isover technical characteristics. Isover pitched roof

Glass fibers are the basis of ISOVER. The length of one of a thousand fibers reaches 150 microns with a thickness of 5 microns. These parameters make the material very elastic and durable.

ISOVER can be used at any stage of building construction. Manufacturers promise the highest level of thermal protection.

ISOVER technical characteristics are as follows:

• Low thermal conductivity coefficient. It provides a high degree of thermal protection
• Excellent sound reduction properties. Provides the ability to significantly reduce noise levels
• Highly environmentally friendly material. Can be used to insulate any room
• Durability. This material can last at least 5 decades
• Non-flammability. It really doesn’t burn, but at high temperatures it can melt
• Light weight. Thanks to this indicator, isover can even be used for insulation of stacked structures

The density of the airtight ISOVER is 13 kg/m3. During installation, it is possible (due to the softness of the material) to reduce the tightness of the seal to the wall.

When purchasing ISOVER, it is worth asking for quality certificates. If the material is produced under license, the seller must demonstrate documents confirming the standards EN 13162 and ISO 9001. They guarantee that ISOVER is made from safe materials, and therefore there is no prohibition for its use indoors.

Isover glass wool types and technical characteristics

Izover is produced in rolls, mats and slabs, which differ in their dimensions.

Glass wool is made from residues from the glass industry, or less commonly from the basic raw materials used to produce glass. There are some restrictions that narrow the scope of use of Izover glass wool insulation. The technical characteristics of the material exclude operation in a humid environment without additional protection. This insulation absorbs moisture very strongly and dries poorly. Moreover, when the material gets wet, it ceases to perform the functions of thermal insulation. Therefore, you need to use special films that prevent moisture from penetrating into the Izover insulation. Reviews clearly confirm the failure of the material without steam and waterproofing.

Glass wool is available in:

• rolls;
• matah;
• slabs

What's the difference between them? Rolls are soft rectangular pieces of insulation, which differ from mats in their length (they are longer). Mats are also wrapped in rolls, but they are shorter and somewhat denser. Usually two mats are wound in one roll. The slabs are denser, they do not roll into rolls and are sold in rectangular packages. Various materials used for interior and exterior work. Izover mineral wool insulation - characteristics common to all positions:

• thermal conductivity coefficient – ​​ranging from 0.037 to 0.044 W/m*C;
• flammability group - NG, that is, does not burn;
• moisture absorption is high.

Let's take a closer look at Isover insulation. The technical characteristics of each type differ quite a bit, mainly dimensions and density.

Before insulating a wall in a panel house from the inside, consider the option of external work; according to technology, this is more correct.

The technical characteristics of Asstratek liquid insulation are described here.

Rolls

Sauna – thickness 50 and 100 mm, laminated with foil. It is used to insulate the walls of various types of baths from the inside.

Mats

Pro - used indoors and outdoors, a universal material that is popular. Thickness 50, 100 and 150 mm. Classic – thickness 50 mm, 2 mats wound in a roll. It is used for insulation of floors, roofs along joists, and ceilings along lathing. M37 frame - thickness options 40, 50, 60, 100 and 150 mm. Used to fill the space between walls during insulation frame houses. Frame M34 - thickness 50 mm, less dense than M37. Frame M40AL – foil insulation with a thickness of 50, 100 and 150 mm.

Plates

Isover mineral wool can be with foil, which protects it from moisture.

• Convenience when insulating large surface areas, ease of installation due to the fact that one roll can insulate a large area of ​​the house.
• When used, fewer joints appear, and therefore, air flow throughput decreases.
• Low material consumption.
• Suitable for non-standard rafter spacing, easy to cut to the required width.

Insulation in slabs

• Recommended for insulating small rooms.
• Suitable for one person use.
• They are fixed by surprise without the use of additional fasteners.

Application of Izover, its specifics and varieties

It is known that approximately forty percent of heat loss occurs through the wall partitions of a building, so insulation of “weak points” quality material, subject to and following all installation rules, this is a guarantee of heat preservation in the house. As a result, spending on more expensive and reliable insulation will provide further savings on heating all rooms during the cold season.

The manufacturing company invites customers to choose the most suitable insulation among several types, which can be divided depending on the area of ​​application.

Areas of application of Izover thermal insulation:

• roofs and ceilings;
• external walls;
• internal, interior partitions.

Izover KL-34

This type of Izover product consists of slabs, the thickness of which can be 5 or 10 centimeters. It is suitable for insulating any planes - vertical, horizontal, inclined. Due to the tight fit on the frame, the use of additional fasteners is not required. KL-34 slabs are often used to insulate ventilated facades.

Izover KL-37

A soft fiberglass based insulation that is designed to work in buildings where the insulation is not heavily stressed. Interestingly, the packaged material is subjected to additional compression by 2 times - this helps reduce the overall volume, thereby slightly reducing delivery costs. Like the previous type of Izover insulation, KL-37 does not require additional fasteners. However, it should be remembered that during installation it is necessary to comply with the condition - to strive for the tightest possible fit of the slabs to the surface.

Izover KT-37

Used for insulation attic spaces, roofing, as well as interfloor ceilings. The main difference from KL-37 is that it is a roll material. The remaining characteristics, recommendations for operation and installation are the same.

Izover KT-40

It is supplied in rolls and, unlike other Izover products, this type of material consists of two layers, each of which is 5 centimeters thick. KT-40 will be an ideal option if installation is carried out in a wooden or metal frame, where the distance between the posts is 60 centimeters.

Isover STYROFOAM 300A

Produced in the form of slabs with extruded polystyrene foam. This material requires the use of fasteners. Thanks to the special composition of STYROFOAM 300A boards, the heat and moisture protection indicators are higher than those of many similar products. This type of Izover insulation has found its application in the thermal insulation of walls, floors and flat roofs. It is allowed to apply a layer of plaster directly on top of the slabs.

Isover VENTITERM

Insulation based on mineral wool with basalt fibers. The versatility of this material is due to the fact that installation can be carried out both with and without fasteners. Professionals have long found use for this insulation in insulating water supply systems and ventilation pipes.

Izover Pitched roof

Izover Pitched Roofing has been specially developed to protect the roof. This type of insulation not only allows you to retain heat, but also, thanks to its ability to absorb sounds from the outside, creates an atmosphere of peace and quiet. Positive properties also include the non-flammability of the material and good vapor permeability. It must be remembered that the pitch of the rafter system must correspond to the dimensions of the insulation boards.

Izover Soundproofing

Izover Sound Protection mats and slabs are designed specifically to minimize the possibility of penetration of extraneous noise from the outside. Installation can be carried out in internal partitions or suspended ceilings.

Isover Sauna

Insulation Izover Sauna. In addition to the fact that this material has all the qualities of high-quality insulation, Izover Sauna also creates a barrier to steam, making it ideal for installation in baths, saunas and rooms with high humidity. The material is mats with a thickness of 5 or 10 centimeters and is supplied in rolls.

To make it easier to search and select the right product, the manufacturer of thermal insulation materials Izover has developed and presented a line of products indicating the purpose and area of ​​application right in the title:

• Izover Warm home.
• Izover Warm roof.
• Izover Warm walls.
• Izover Quiet House.

Basalt insulation

In addition to fiberglass slabs, basalt insulation based on stone fibers is produced under the Izover brand.

The main technical differences of basalt wool:

• higher price.
• basalt wool is more durable.
• stronger and denser than glass wool.
• less elastic, more brittle.
• higher moisture resistance and heat resistance.
• Available in slabs.
• lower compression ratio - transportation is more expensive and takes more space during storage.

Expert advice: basalt insulation is recommended for use in places with higher loads, because it has higher density.

In fact, the line of this mineral wool is not much different from fiberglass-based materials:

• Isover Optimal. Supplied in slabs of 50 and 100 mm thickness. Designed for insulation and sound protection of pitched roofs and ceilings.
• Light. Created for frame structures, has increased elasticity. Mineral wool is supplied in slabs with thicknesses of 50 and 100 mm.
• Acoustic. Sound absorption class "A".
• Isover Ruf V, Ruf N. Designed for flat roof.
• Isover Flor. Supplied in slabs with thicknesses of 30, 40 and 50 mm. Reduces impact noise by up to 35 dB.
• Isover Plaster. Used for plaster facades.
• Isover Facade-Master. Used for insulation of plaster facades. The thickness of the slabs is 30, 50, 100 and 150 mm.
• Venti. It is characterized by increased vapor permeability.
• Isover Standard. Used in multi-layer masonry.

It is impossible to say clearly which insulation is better, stone or glass wool. Both types have advantages and disadvantages - the choice depends on the conditions of use of the insulation and the requirements for it.

Today Izover is the most popular mineral wool in the domestic building materials market. With a diverse product line, high quality and affordable price, it receives the best reviews from consumers. According to many builders, it has the best price-quality ratio among its competitors.

Watch the video explaining the features and advantages of Izover insulation:

Technical characteristics of Izovol insulation

The technical characteristics of insulation have not only positive qualities associated with thermal insulation. There are also secondary advantages, such as service life, environmental friendliness and the weight of the insulation, which plays a big role during installation.

1. Insulation service life- this is one of the most important factors, The insulation can last for 50 years without deteriorating the thermal insulation properties of the material. Surely no one will use a material that will last a year, because installing insulation is still not an easy job, and therefore, according to these criteria, it outperforms other models.
2. Many buildings require insulation, but you also have to monitor for environmental standards using one or another insulation. Many insulation materials are simply not suitable due to their low environmental aspects, and therefore Izovol is most often used when insulating residential buildings, kindergartens, hospitals and many other government institutions. The material has passed a lot of tests, including at the Cancer Institute, where it received a certificate of safety for use.
3. The weight of the material is quite small, so Izovol can be easily used on buildings that, to put it mildly, have already outlived their usefulness. The walls of many buildings may simply not withstand the load, but when using insulation, the walls will actually not feel any additional load.

Briefly about the manufacturer

As mentioned above, ISOVER is a trademark of the Saint-Gobain group of industrial companies. The company has 350 year history, the central office is in Paris. The company has representative offices in 67 countries. In addition to ISOVER, Saint-Gobain produces insulation products of the ISOROC and ISITEC brands.

On the territory of Russia, enterprises are located in Yegoryevsk and Chelyabinsk near Moscow. The products are manufactured using original technology, are subject to mandatory international certification, and comply with GOST standards. It should be noted that since 2013, the enterprises launched a production line for the production of basalt wool under the brand of the same name.

Installation

Let's get acquainted with the features of installing building materials on various components of residential buildings.

Roof

Important! The insulator sheets must be laid across the roof slope, starting from the bottom, overlapping by 10 cm.

To install mineral wool on the roof, work must be performed in the following order:

1. Installation of vapor barrier from inside the roof.
2. When using roll insulation, you need to cut off pieces equal to the roof slope and lay them between the rafters.
3. Mineral wool slabs are laid close to each other, since the quality of thermal insulation depends on this.
4. Laying a waterproofing membrane. It needs to be positioned with some hanging between the rafters.

Important! In order for Isover to be laid hermetically, the width of the slab must be 2-3 cm greater than the distance between the rafters.

Facade

To insulate the facade, mineral wool is used in slabs measuring 60*120 or 100*120 cm. You can use Isover standard. For a temperate continental climate, the optimal layer thickness is about 10 cm. For areas with more severe winters, 15 cm slabs are used.

Installation work includes the following steps:

1. Installation of a profile at the bottom of the walls with a width equal to the thickness of the wool.
2. Installation of wool slabs close to each other using special glue applied at 6-9 points. You need to check the evenness of the walls using a level and a rule.
3. Each slab is fixed with “fungi” or “umbrellas”.
4. This is followed by work on installing corners, reinforcing and applying decorative plaster. Another option is cladding with siding or brick.

Characteristics of Izover

Minimal heat loss is ensured by the simple property of air placed in a closed space between the fibers of the material, which is what makes the material so warm. In addition, Izover can also be used as a sound insulator and the company declares it to be absolutely safe for health. It can be used not only for external insulation of facades, but also for internal insulation of rooms in a residential building, including children's rooms.

The vapor permeability of the material is also of great importance, since the accumulation of moisture in the structure of the material leads to a loss of thermal properties. However, when insulating foundations, plinths and facades with Izover, experts recommend leaving at least 2 cm for sufficient ventilation. To make it water-repellent, the material is impregnated with water-repellent agents, which guarantee the absence of not only moisture, but also biological threats. Therefore, the manufacturer can guarantee a 50-year service life of the material.

Areas of use

Izover mineral basalt wool is widely used in the field of thermal insulation. It is used for insulation of all civil and industrial facilities. There are practically no contraindications for its use. There are 4 installation methods for installing mineral wool:

• on a metal frame,
• on a wooden frame,
• on bracket fasteners
• on the base profile.

You need to choose the optimal method according to the characteristics of the product, especially with regard to the correct choice of its size and standard modification. It is best to consult with the manufacturer. An incorrectly chosen method can lead to unforeseen circumstances such as rejection of multi-layer insulation or bulging of individual sections, as well as air gaps and cold bridges forming inside the sandwich.

Disadvantages of mineral wool

No matter how ideal the proven and technically tested material is, there are still negative sides. As for Izover mineral wool, we can point out the only negative: the danger of stone dust. With direct contact, it can cause bronchial asthma or allergic dermatitis, so it is recommended to work with cotton wool in overalls, gloves and a respirator.

Do-it-yourself installation of Izover mineral wool

For thermal insulation various designs The manufacturer has a wide range of products. Thermal insulation material should be selected based on its characteristics (mainly density) and the manufacturer’s recommendations. Mats with a low density are better suited for horizontal surfaces; for thermal insulation of walls it is better to buy slabs with a higher density.

Laying mineral thermal insulation two layers will help eliminate the appearance of cold bridges and cracks in the structure.

Do not forget about high-quality vapor-waterproofing of the thermal insulation layer, since mineral wool can absorb moisture, thereby losing its thermal insulation characteristics. Before laying isover glass wool, waterproofing should be laid on the structure; you can use ordinary polyethylene film for this. The top of the mineral wool should be covered with a superdiffusion membrane.

How it is made

So, what is Isover insulation? The characteristics of any insulating material depend primarily on how accurately the required technologies are followed during its production. Isover insulation is manufactured as follows:

• Quartz sand, cullet, limestone, and other minerals are thoroughly mixed in advance.
• The resulting mixture melts at a temperature of 1300 degrees. until a homogeneous fluid plastic mass is obtained.
• In a special installation, this liquid glass is fed from a great height into a bowl rotating at high speed, the walls of which have small holes. Under the influence of centrifugal force, the hot mass is squeezed out in the form of long thin threads.
• The fibers are mixed with yellow polymer glue.
• The resulting sticky mass is fed into a special oven, where it is rolled between steel shafts and blown with hot air. As a result, the glue sets and the layer itself is leveled.
• The finished glass wool is fed into circulation saws to be cut into slabs of the required size.

Areas of application of insulation

Considering the universal properties, low price and various forms of release, the use of the material can be very versatile. For example, the main areas of use of Izover are:

1. Foil-coated isover is used for baths and saunas.
2. Ceilings and floors are insulated with less dense material.
3. High-density Izover is used for floors and roofs.
4. It is used when installing plastic windows.
5. For insulation of balconies.
6. For insulation of basements and basements.
7. Interior partitions are insulated taking into account the fact that the material has good sound insulation.
8. For insulating facades.

Reliable and durable material(the manufacturer declares a 50-year warranty) can be an excellent insulation not only for a private house, but also for an apartment, as well as for non-residential buildings. Good luck with your choice and warm homes!

Specifications

Izover- it is warm and soundproofing material, it is used to insulate any structural elements inside and outside the building. It is necessary to level the surface under this insulation, since the main condition for using this insulation is a tight fit to the surface.

Main characteristics:

• low thermal conductivity;
• high level soundproofing;
• resistance to infestation by fungi, small insects, and rodents due to special impregnations;
• ease of transportation and installation ensures the light weight of the material, its density is 13 kg/cub.m;
• elasticity of the material;
• resistance to chemicals;
• long service life.

Thermal conductivity

For thermal insulation materials, thermal conductivity is main characteristic. For various types of isover it ranges from 0.035 to 0.044 W/mK, which is much less compared to other analogues.

Provided the installation technology is followed, this characteristic will not change over time. This ensures the prevention of heat loss through the load-bearing and enclosing structures of the building.

Soundproofing

The structure of Isover insulation, consisting of thin glass fibers and an air layer, and low dynamic rigidity create effective noise insulation. It is used to provide sound insulation in structures where the soundproofing material does not bear the load.

Flammability

According to the current GOST 30244-94“Construction materials. Combustibility test methods", isover belongs to the class of non-combustible materials. Therefore, it is used for insulation and sound insulation indoors for various purposes and in low-rise construction.

Isover is also used as an effective insulation in log, frame or panel wooden residential and public buildings.

Vapor permeability

Vapor permeability of isover is 0.50 - 0.55 mg/mchPa and is one of the main disadvantages of this material. In the absence of a vapor barrier, the quality of the insulation will decrease as moisture accumulates.

When the humidity level increases by 1%, the level of thermal insulation decreases to 10%. But under the influence of temperature or sufficient ventilation, the material dries quickly.

To prevent moisture absorption, a vapor barrier is used, and a ventilation gap of 2 - 4 cm is left between the isover and the wall.

Life time

Heat and sound insulation the quality of the material does not deteriorate over time if the installation technology is followed. For 50 years, the thermal insulation parameters of isover in building structures have not deteriorated.

Environmentally friendly and harmless

Izover made from natural materials, it does not contain harmful substances such as artificial resins, formaldehydes. This is a hypoallergenic material that is safe for human life. Based on the research, it was revealed that there are no harmful emissions during operation.

Insulation weight

What is the weight of the insulation? Isover weight much less than similar insulation materials. The specific gravity of isover is 2.5. Therefore, it is used for insulating buildings made of wood, slag concrete, and thin-walled brick.

Release form

Izover Available in the form of slabs and rolls in packaging. The elasticity of the material allows it to be compressed in packaging, which is very convenient for storage and transportation. After opening the package, the isover quickly acquires its initial dimensions. Roll sizes are 7-14 meters long, 1.2 meters wide.

Other characteristics

Double layer rolls can be divided into layers before installation. Isover cannot be used at temperatures above 250 degrees Celsius

In a humid environment, isover:

• has water-repellent properties;
• slowly absorbs moisture and water.

These Isover insulation materials have a certificate of conformity and meet all safety standards listed in the requirements of the Customs Union.

Characteristics of Izover

Before you buy Izover, it would be a good idea to learn about all the features of this material, its technical characteristics, advantages and installation principles. There is a fairly wide variety of this material on the market, the parameters of which are given below:

• Thermal conductivity - 0.031-0.041 W/mK. Such a low indicator results in excellent insulation and heat saving performance with stable preservation over a long period.
• Density - 10-20 kg/m3.
• Flammability. Isover belongs to the NG class (completely non-combustible materials). Foil and semi-rigid insulation of this type belongs to the SG category (slightly flammable).
• Vapor permeability - 0.5-0.55 mg/mchPa. Fiberglass absorbs moisture, but releases it completely as it dries. Therefore, if the installation rules are followed and the ventilation gap is designed between the layers, there are no problems with a decrease in thermal insulation properties.
• Air permeability - 120x10-6m3/m*s*Pa.

Sound insulation corresponds to high levels, due to the presence of an air gap between the fiberglass.

• Operating period. The warranty guarantees a service life of at least 50 years.
• Weight. Isover is lightweight and therefore suitable for installation on structures with low load-bearing loads.
• Release form. This insulation is supplied to the current market in several versions - rolls, mats, slabs.
• Thickness -5-10 cm with 1 or 2 layers.
• The width of the rolled web is 1.2 m with a length of 7-14 meters.
• The area of ​​the rolls is 16-20 meters, the slab material is produced in the size of 1 * 1 meter. Important! The price of Izover depends on the type of material, release form and supplier.

Installation of Izover

Izover is mounted exclusively in a dry way - mainly on a frame made of metal profiles or wood.

Important! One of the advantages of using this insulation is that careful preparation of the base is not required. You can even smooth out all the flaws while laying the canvas

And this entails not only savings on consumables, but also reduces the time spent on the entire process.

Installation tools

To complete the job you will need:

• level;
• saw;
• screwdriver;
• construction knife;
• roulette;
• construction stapler;
• marker;
• hammer;
• dowels, screws, nails;
• metallized tape.

Important! Do not forget about protective equipment, since glass dust during work can harm your health, in particular, your skin and respiratory tract. Be sure to use:

• protective gloves;
• glasses;
• respirator.

Installation of Izover on a frame - instructions

The installation technology of this insulation is very simple. However, to get a truly high-quality result, be sure to follow the sequence of actions and required conditions given in the instructions below.

Work progress:

Remove all construction debris and old finishing materials from walls or ceilings if you are renovating.

1. Smooth out large overhangs.
2. Treat the surface with fungicidal agents to prevent the formation of mold.
3. Calculate the required number of wooden slats or metal profiles.
4. Mount the parts, maintaining a distance between the slats of 60-100 cm.

   Important! Determine the required profile pitch, taking into account the width of the material - the width of the blade must match.

5. Do your styling vapor barrier material- films on a foil base, overlapping.
6. For fastening, use mounting metallized tape.
7. Place Isover in the frame.
8. For interior finishing, lay plasterboard boards on top.
9. Putty.
10. Decorate the surface with the selected material.

Today, construction markets are simply filled with a variety of thermal insulation materials, which differ in price, types of forms, installation method and, of course, quality. Competing companies create new models of insulation, only to occupy the highest sales level in the construction markets. There are also materials that always remain in leading positions. One of these materials is Izover. This is an insulation that specifications achieve simply colossal quality when insulating rooms or buildings.

In terms of properties, Izover is very close to mineral wool, and also has its pros and cons. The material is produced in the form of pressed rolls with a hard and soft structure, so it is excellent for insulating roofs, building facades, ceilings and walls indoors. The basis of the Izover material are fibers that are about 100–150 microns in length and 5 microns in thickness. This quality and size increase the level of elasticity and resistance to the transfer of loads from external factors.

Technical characteristics of Izover

The Izover material is made of the highest quality fiberglass, and this is achieved by using TEL technology. Izover currently has no analogues on construction market. Izover has the following advantages:

Technical characteristics of Izovol insulation

The technical characteristics of insulation have not only positive qualities associated with thermal insulation. There are also secondary advantages, such as service life, environmental friendliness and the weight of the insulation, which plays a big role during installation.

Insulation release form

In order to increase the ease of use of Izover, many companies produce the material in several forms. These can be rolls, slabs, and mats, which in their structure have different rigidity for insulating the external or internal surface of walls in buildings, and the price also differs depending on the choice of type of form.

Also distinguish single-layer and double-layer Izover. In the first case, the thickness reaches 5–10 centimeters. The two-layer material does not differ too much in thickness, since here the dimensions of one layer are about 5 centimeters. The slabs can be about a meter in size, or more precisely, this is the standard that can most often be found on the construction market, but there are exceptions when ordering insulation on websites or from dealers.

One roll of Izover insulation is about 16–20 square meters, that is, quite large in size. The roll width reaches 1.2 meters, while its length can vary from 7 to 14 meters. It goes without saying that the technical characteristics will differ slightly depending on the choice of material size.

Varieties of Izover models

As mentioned above, the isover material has many models and this is not surprising, because its application has a fairly wide scope. Insulation can be used indoors, which means that the model will already be, it will not have such a rigid structure due to minimizing the impact of external factors, but when insulating the external surfaces of buildings, most often Izover already has a different structure. In fact, there is a whole list of insulation models.

Model Isover KL34

Most often, this model is used when insulating the facade and masonry of a building, which has several layers at once. A distinctive feature of this model is that it has a size of 5–10 centimeters in thickness, but does not require additional fasteners, and installation is carried out only on a pre-installed frame.

Model Isover KL37

This model is produced in the form of rolls that have a pressed structure. That is why the material can be used indoors, but the main thing is an almost identical installation feature. Here you also don't need to use additional fasteners, but it is important to install the insulation on the frame so that it fits well to the surface. Most often, this model is used when insulating attics in private homes.

Model Isover KL40

The KL 40 model differs in that it has two layers in its structure. Izover technical characteristics of this model allow the use of insulation for installation on horizontal surfaces, that is, it is actually most often installed as a floor or ceiling material. If the dimensions on the floor or ceiling do not allow the use of two layers of material, it can be easily separated and only one layer installed. The price of such insulation is comparatively lower than other models.

Disadvantages of using Izover

The main disadvantage of Izover insulation, which many sites are silent about, is that it goes without saying fiberglass structure, having very fine glass chips. Because of it, installing insulation is quite inconvenient and dangerous, because if a large amount of such glass dust gets into the body, undesirable negative consequences for the body can begin.

To ensure that there are no health consequences when installing insulation, you need use gloves, goggles and a respirator. Many may think this is an unnecessary safety feature, but simply looking at the fiberglass in good sunlight will reveal all the glass dust.

Conclusion

Isover is an excellent material that is superior in quality to a large number of analogues on the modern construction market. Due to all its advantages, insulation is deservedly in first place in terms of the number of purchases and popularity.

Izover insulation

The original color for slate was gray, both wavy and flat, but due to the unattractiveness and monotony of the palette, all sorts of attempts were made to add variety. Using acrylic dyes, colored slate was produced in a range of red, brown, blue and green tones. Flat slate is characterized by a palette of both bright glossy and matte, which makes it possible to select such a product for any need.

This additive contributed not only to the decorative effect, but also to the improvement of the properties of the material. Dyes protect slate from exposure to ultraviolet radiation and some other factors external environment, which significantly extends the service life of the product.

When purchasing, it is important to pay attention to the quality of the paint. If the color is even and evenly distributed, then the material is made according to all standards

It is important to pay attention to the similarity of the gamut on both sides of the sheet: in high-quality products, the color should be the same. . Plastic slate can be either colored, dense or transparent

Plastic slate can be either colored, dense, or transparent. The manufacturing material is polycarbonate, which is an environmentally friendly material. Such products are lightweight, so they are easy to work with and can be mounted on wooden structures without reinforcing them.

Advantages

Based on numerous reviews, all the advantages and disadvantages of this material are known. The undeniable “advantages” include the following properties of asbestos-cement sheet:

• hardness, it can withstand loads quite well;
• resistance to high temperatures (in the sun it maintains normal temperature);
• durability (everyone has seen houses covered with sheets that lasted 50 years or more);
• fire resistance, fire resistance (it does not perceive fire at all);
• ease of processing (you can cut with the most common tools);
• complete immunity to corrosion (this is its main advantage over metal roofs);
• low cost (significantly cheaper than other blood materials);
• decent sound insulation (hail and rain will not bother you);
• alkali resistance;
• ease of maintenance.

Specifications

Let's consider the main technical characteristics of various types of asbestos-cement sheets.

The bending strength indicator: for pressed flat sheets is about 23 MPa, for unpressed flat sheets - 18 MPa, for sheets with seven and eight waves - 16 MPa.

The density of the sheets must be at least the specified value: for unpressed sheets, as well as sheets with seven and eight waves, this indicator is at the level of 1.6 g/cm3, for pressed flat sheets the indicator is at the level of 1.8 g/cm3.

The impact strength indicator for pressed flat sheets is at the level of 2.5 kJ/m², for unpressed flat sheets this indicator is slightly lower - 2.0 kJ/m².

The residual strength for all types of asbestos-cement sheets is at least 90%.

Pressed flat sheets of asbestos cement have the highest degree of frost resistance with a number of cycles of at least 50; for other types of asbestos cement sheets this figure is at least 25 cycles.

Sheets are often used gray, but colored sheets can also be used. Pigments are used to give sheets a specific color.

Features of the composition of flat slate

Flat slate is smooth rectangular sheets made from asbestos cement (chrysotile cement). It contains:

• Portland cement – ​​80-90% (as a base);
• chrysotile asbestos – 10-20% (as a binder);
• additives – 1%.

Chrysotile asbestos is a strong magnesium silicate fiber that is resistant to alkaline cement environments. Therefore, asbestos cement is essentially fiber cement reinforced with hard chrysotile fibers. This explains the high mechanical strength asbestos-cement slate, its heat resistance, wear resistance and durability.

An important detail: as part of flat slate, chrysotile asbestos is firmly bound to cement, so it does not evaporate into the environment. Asbestos dust can only enter a person's lungs when cutting slate. Therefore, for safety reasons, it is necessary to use a respirator during this event.

Environmental Safety

Today, most European countries have banned the use of materials containing asbestos. This makes many people refuse from the use of flat slate for finishing residential premises. But as research has shown, it was rather an economic war, the purpose of which was to oust more cheap material. According to reports from toxicology laboratories where studies were carried out, chrysotile asbestos is the safest of all minerals and man-made fibers used.

In the Soviet Union and in modern Russia, traditionally slabs are used containing chrysotile asbestos, the effect of which on the human body is no different from the effect of materials containing quartz or cement.

1. When working with slate, it is enough to use a gauze bandage to construction dust did not enter the body.
2. When dust enters the body and settles on the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract, it is eliminated naturally.

In Europe, the main component of asbestos is amphibole, which was the reason for the ban. Half-life of this substance is 470 days, in comparison, chrysotile degrades in 14. Popular "eco-friendly" ceramic fiber materials degrade in 60 days, aramid 90, and cellulose may require more than 1000 days. All this data provided by laboratories in the USA, Germany and Switzerland suggests that materials produced by using asbestos it is too early. Replacing asbestos with chrysotile in the production of slate improves the environmental qualities of the material.

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Kinds

Flat slate has only two varieties.

1. Pressed- a composition of asbestos and cement, which is created using a press. The resulting material is very strong - 23 mPa, has a high density - 1.8 g/m3, and an impact strength of 2.5 kJ/m2. Such material can be exposed to high and low temperatures for fifty consecutive times. After such tests, the strength is reduced to 40% of the original.
2. Unpressed– the flat slate version is inferior in characteristics to the pressed slate, so its strength is only 18 mPa, the density characteristics are 1.6 g/m3, and the impact strength indicators will decrease to 2 kJ/m2. This type of slate can retain its properties for about 25 cycles of exposure to low and high temperatures. But the performance after 25 cycles will be twice as good as that of pressed slate.

Slate sheets can be used to cover the roof of a house. A roof made of such material will be reliable and durable. The thickness of the sheets should be from 8 to 10 mm, linear dimensions do not matter

The weight of the structure will be significant, so it is important to strengthen the frame under the slate. The wood on the sheathing is treated with an antiseptic to prevent the appearance of microorganisms and rotting of the boards

The horizontal row of such slate is laid end-to-end, and the vertical row is overlapped with half a sheet of slate small size. Everything needs to be secured using metal self-tapping screws, onto which a press washer and a seal are placed. The holes for them are drilled no closer than 7-10 cm to the edge.

Can be used for non-residential premises modern version flat slate made of plastic. It is transparent and very lightweight material, which can be used to cover the roof of a barn, make a canopy, gazebo, etc. If you need to decorate some surface, you can use flat slate with stone chips. For a special effect, a colored variety is often used, which helps create an imitation of natural stone. This additional coating not only decorates the texture of the slate, but also improves its properties, increasing its resistance, protecting the surface from external factors.

Scope of use of flat slate

The universal shape and excellent performance properties allow the use of flat slate in many areas of construction. Compared to corrugated sheets, it is not often used for roofing and then, as a rule, as part of prefabricated screeds. Although quite recently, enterprises produced small-sized flat tiles - specifically for covering tile-type roofs. Their production has now been discontinued.

However, some home craftsmen, wanting to get an inexpensive “tiled” roof made of asbestos cement, find a way out of the situation. And on small tiles to then cover the roof with them. An interesting way to use it, but it is not recommended in the official instructions for slate.

In accordance with GOST 18124-2012, flat slate is used:

• when installing prefabricated ties for roofing systems such as PKS-1, PKS-2, PKS-3, PKS-4;
• as an element of roofing in prefabricated roofing systems (for example, “TN Roof-Titan” and “TN Roof Universal” from TechnoNikol);
• as a material internal lining walls and partitions;
• for cladding facades of premises for various purposes (residential, industrial, etc.);
• for the construction of structures: fences, gazebos, galleries of industrial enterprises, fencing of balconies and loggias;
• for installation of boxes, slopes, window sill boards;
• for covering floors or installing suspended ceilings;
• in the construction of wall panels (blocks) with sandwich type insulation - during the construction of residential buildings, pavilions, stalls, utility blocks, etc.;
• as a permanent formwork material for foundations and walls in the construction of low-rise buildings (flat sheets in this case play the role of finishing and external retaining reinforcement for a concrete structure);
• when constructing structures for landscaping the local area, garden and vegetable garden, that is, as a material for covering paths, assembling walls of compost pits, fencing beds, etc.;
• for installing sprinklers in cooling towers.

In addition, it is used in TechnoNikol roofing systems:

Decorative features of the material

To provide the consumer with a wide range of materials, with the possibility of selecting them to meet specific structural design requirements, flat slate is produced:

• unpainted;
• painted;
• invoiced.

Unpainted sheets are considered ordinary; they remain in the natural color of asbestos cement - gray. To obtain painted sheets, a primer layer is applied to the pressed slate, and then acrylic paint is applied. Mass dyeing is performed much less frequently. The color base is selected from the RAL, Monicolor, Tikkurila, NCS catalogues.

Textured slate is the most decorative option. There are several ways to decorate the surface of asbestos-cement sheets with texture:

• Creating a layer of stone chips of jasper, marble, serpentine, granites. A primer is applied to the surface of the slab, then an adhesive composition is applied, which is sprinkled with stone chips, followed by a varnish coating.
• Application of relief prints to the raw asbestos-cement mass using special stamps, after which the sheets are painted in the usual way. As a result, flat slate gets a new texture and color that imitates wood, stone, silk, etc.
• Creation of a textured polymer layer with marble or quartz filler.
• The use of iron oxide pigments as a filler, which gives the slate a “metallic” color (like titanium, bronze, aluminum, etc.).
• Colored sheet coating cement plaster, allowing you to obtain an unusual texture and various shades with colored splashes.

Coatings with paint or stone chips not only increase the decorative properties of slate, but also play the role of a protective layer. Such sheets have increased wear resistance, wear less and last longer. Due to their decorative component, they are used for finishing cladding of facades, installation of fencing for balconies (loggias), construction of fences and other visible surfaces designs.

Asbestos cement sheet: advantages and disadvantages of this building material

Like any building material, sheet asbestos cement has a number of advantages and at the same time has certain disadvantages.

First, let's look at the main advantages of asbestos-cement sheets, which include:

• strength. A hard and dense sheet of asbestos cement maintains its integrity, accepting the mass of a person;
• resistance to elevated temperatures. The material retains its performance properties and practically does not heat up when exposed to sunlight;
• long period of use. The durability of the material is evidenced by the roofs of buildings covered with slate more than half a century ago;
• Fire safety. Asbestos-cement material does not ignite when exposed to open fire and has fire-resistant properties;
• ease of machining. There is no need to use special tools and equipment to cut sheets to size;
• moisture resistance. Asbestos-cement slate reliably blocks the path of precipitation and maintains performance characteristics when used in conditions of high humidity;
• anti-corrosion properties. Asbestos cement is not susceptible to corrosion and is superior in this indicator to roofing materials made of metal;
• electrical insulation characteristics. The material is a good insulator and does not conduct electric current, ensuring safety in case of wire breaks;
• noise insulation properties. Asbestos cement material absorbs sounds from hail and other precipitation on slate roofing;
• affordable price. Compared to other types of roofing materials, slate is much cheaper, which allows you to save money;
• resistance to aggressive liquids. The material is resistant to alkaline environments and does not break down when in contact with acid;
• maintainability. If asbestos-cement roofing elements are damaged, it is easy to carry out repair measures by replacing individual sheets.

Asbestos cement material is durable

Along with its advantages, slate also has its weaknesses:

• in conditions of high humidity, the surface is gradually covered with moss;
• to lift massive sheets it is necessary to exert considerable effort;
• heavy sheets exert increased pressure on the roof structure;
• The fragile material requires careful handling during transportation and installation.

To increase the moisture resistance of the material and prevent the development of moss, special primers are used. To ensure the reliability of the roof structure, beams of increased cross-section are used, which are reinforced at the joints with metal plates.

Facade slabs

Asbestos-cement facade slabs are used for the installation of ventilated cladding, both new buildings and long-constructed buildings. The work is completed very quickly and can be carried out at any time of the year. Main advantages:

• reasonable price;
• durability;
• resistance to mechanical damage;
• fire resistance;
• environmental friendliness;
• resistance to moisture and temperature changes;
• large assortment of colors and textures.

Asbestos-cement slabs for facades come in two types: painted, covered with stone chips. The first ones have a smooth surface. On top they are coated with dyes that are resistant to climatic factors. The second option is asbestos-cement slabs with a rough stone surface. Crumbs of natural minerals adhere to the base and create a waterproof layer thanks to the epoxy resin included in the coating.

Composition and types

Flat slate, like wave slate, is made from a mixture of Portland cement with asbestos fiber and water. The proportion of asbestos in the composition is 18%; this mineral increases the strength and toughness of the sheet. Flat slate is divided into 2 subtypes depending on the production method:

1. Unpressed. The technical characteristics of unpressed asbestos-cement sheets are somewhat worse than those of pressed ones. The strength of the material is 18 MPa, density 1.6 g/cubic. cm, impact strength 2.0 kJ/sq. m. Unpressed flat slate retains its properties throughout 25 cycles of defrosting and freezing. But the residual strength of the sheet is 2 times higher than that of a pressed sheet. Non-pressed asbestos-cement sheets
2. Pressed. Asbestos-cement slate produced by pressing is in great demand in private construction. The reason for this is the high technical characteristics. The sheet has a strength of 23 MPa and a density of 1.8 g/cu. cm, impact strength 2.5 kJ/sq. m. Pressed flat slate can withstand 50 continuous cycles of freezing and thawing without loss of performance. However, after this the sheet retains only 40% of its initial strength. Pressed asbestos-cement sheets

Important! Experienced builders prefer pressed flat slate, since the technical characteristics of this material allow it to be used in difficult conditions with high humidity, temperature changes and load. In addition, the pressed asbestos cement sheet has more stable dimensions, since the error allowed during production is 4 mm, versus 10 mm for non-pressed

Advantages and disadvantages of the material

Asbestos cement sheets are especially popular among professionals, primarily due to the following advantages:

• the sheets are distinguished by their hardness, while they are able to withstand the weight of a person;
• such sheets are practically not heated by the sun's rays;
• asbestos cement sheets are durable;
• the sheets are fireproof, they are fireproof, non-flammable;
• such sheets can be easily processed with various tools;
• sheets are not susceptible to corrosion, in comparison with metal roofing;
• are distinguished by the presence of excellent electrical insulating characteristics;
• during rain or hail, the sheets do not conduct noise;
• low cost compared to other materials;
• excellent resistance to alkalis;
• Repairing such sheets is very simple; individual sheets can be replaced.

Asbestos-cement sheets, like other materials, have their disadvantages:

• Over time, moss may appear on the sheets, but at the moment its appearance can be prevented; for this, a primer is used, which can increase the water resistance of the sheet;
• the weight of the sheets, they are somewhat heavier compared to other materials, so in order to lift them onto the roof, it will be necessary to make an effort;
• asbestos cement sheets are fragile, so they must be transported and installed carefully.

We guarantee you

Uninterrupted and accurate supplies

Our plant "CEM-Cement" has a full production cycle. All operations from receiving raw materials to turning them into the finished mixture take place within the walls of our workshops. Thanks to this, we can calculate with absolute accuracy the timing of production and delivery of cement in the required volumes.

High quality products

Compliance with all standards

The development of new formulas and improvement of existing ones takes place in our laboratory. After which the cement enters production, where quality control is carried out at all stages. Therefore, our company can offer a high-quality mixture.

Affordable price

The cost per ton is below the Moscow average.

Cement is offered both in unpackaged form (for large construction projects) and in durable branded bags of 50 kg.

Flat slate. General information

Flat slate is a type of wavy slate made from asbestos

Manufactured in two types:

1. pressed and
2. unpressed.

Both are made from asbestos and Portland cement. The mixture is diluted using water, bringing it to a certain consistency.

Asbestos fiber performs a reinforcing function, making flat pressed slate strong and reliable. Unpressed flat slate is made using a different technology, so it has its own differences in strength and freeze-thaw cycle, and its price is significantly lower than the pressed material.

Flat slate sheets are used to cover roofs with a slope of no more than 30°, as formwork, for fences, fences at various enterprises, as a facing material for walls. Suitable for constructing fencing for beds made of flat slate, on loggias and balconies, as well as creating structures for shower cabins and sheds in suburban areas.

Advantages of flat slate cladding

• cheapness;
• long service life;
• excellent sound insulation;
• resistant to external aggressive environment;
• does not corrode and rot;
• fire resistance;
• does not conduct electricity;
• low costs work force for installation and repair;
• easy to install;
• you can decorate as you wish;
• economical in consumption.

Disadvantages of flat slate

• the material is heavy, so one person cannot handle it;
• low level of environmental friendliness;
• very fragile, requires delicate handling and transportation;
• needs treatment to remove moss, as well as during the cutting and laying process;
• low level of moisture resistance, frost resistance (coated with acrylic paint for protection).

Important! All work with flat slate must be carried out in protective clothing and a respirator, since asbestos dust, penetrating into the respiratory tract, causes discomfort and is dangerous to human health. . To install flat slate, holes for nails need to be drilled with a larger diameter than the nail head itself.

To install flat slate, holes for nails need to be drilled with a larger diameter than the nail head itself.

This is done in order to prevent the material from splitting in the cold (accumulated moisture expands under the influence of low temperatures).

Nails are taken with a galvanized head with the addition of rubber or plastic.

Note

When laying flat slate on the roof, bridges or special ladders are built; due to the fragility of the material, you cannot walk on it

Forget nails carefully, since the sheets may crack or even break apart from impacts.

Production process

Flat slate sheets, which are produced in factories, have quality certificates and comply with the technological process, which is divided into stages:

1. preparing a mixture of components;
2. molding;
3. product aging process;
4. pressing;
5. final exposure;
6. final material.

There were times when flat slate released one unsightly gray shade. At the moment, the building materials market can offer fastidious buyers a rich color range of materials with excellent performance characteristics.

Most often, this material is used for internal and external wall cladding. It has properties that make it possible to install insulation in the gaps between it and the wall.

To ensure a pleasant appearance, many people buy flat slate in various colors.

Inside the house, this material is suitable for installation interior partitions or floors. The material has sufficient density and has a thickness of about 40 mm.

For floors, pressed flat slate is more suitable. Also, the material is used for the construction of ventilation shafts and traditionally for...

Pros and cons: what to value and what to fear

If you ever need to dismantle such sheets or make partial repairs, you can safely carry out this work without dismantling the entire roofing covering. But a strong enough impact of stones on such material can lead to holes or cracks. Depending on the thickness of the product, it can withstand a certain wind load. But you don’t have to worry about the appearance of bark beetles, don’t need to be covered with an anti-corrosion coating and don’t be afraid of low sub-zero or, conversely, high plus temperatures.

Such flat sheets can be successfully decorated and painted. You can paint this material yourself using special paint for slate, or buy sheets in the color you like. This material should also be valued for its non-flammability, but its service life is only 25–30 years. The question of the toxicity or non-toxicity of the material is still not closed. While it is being used in our country, in Europe some types of slate containing unsafe substances have been discontinued. At the same time, different laboratories give their own arguments in defense of their position.

But the advantages of the product include the commercially available sheet sizes - now you can buy both sheets with parameters 1000x1500 mm and 3000x1500 mm. When purchasing sheets, you can give preference to a non-standard length of material - if necessary, the manufacturer can make an order to suit your dimensions. So whether or not to use such material in the construction of your house, garage, fence or foundation is up to you!

Slate characteristics

Slate is produced from Portland cement, asbestos and water, mixing these components in proportions determined by the technological standard. To form a reinforcing mesh, asbestos fibers are evenly distributed in the cement solution, thereby increasing its viscosity characteristics, which allows the final product’s resistance to stretching and impact to be significantly increased.

In special cases, to further increase the strength of the sheet, thin metal plates are placed into it during manufacturing, which greatly increase its strength and resistance to any external influence.

• Cost ↓
• Pros and cons of flat slate ↓
• Scope ↓
• Features of application and installation ↓
• What can you paint with ↓
• Installation features ↓
• How to fasten sheets ↓

Depending on the chosen production technology, flat slate is available in two types: unpressed and pressed. They differ from each other, first of all, in density characteristics, which, thanks to pressing technology, are, of course, better in the second option, due to which it is much stronger under physical impact, more resistant to the influence of climatic factors, and therefore more durable than its non-pressed counterpart.

In accordance with standards state standard flat slabs are marked using an alphanumeric code:

• LP-P stands for flat pressed sheet.
• LP-NP – flat unpressed slate sheet;

After letter designation specific type of material, there is digital data on the size of the sheet, including not only its length and width, but also thickness.

At the end of the marking, GOST is always indicated. For example, the marking data on the sheet: “LP-P-3.5x1.5x7 GOST 18124-952” is deciphered as a sheet of flat pressed asbestos-cement slate 3.5 meters long, 1.5 meters wide and 4 millimeters thick, produced in accordance with the relevant GOST.

As a rule, such slabs are produced in the shape of a rectangle, with standard sizes that have several values, for example, its length can be 3.6 m and exactly 3 m and even 2.5 m. The width in most cases has two values: 1.5 and 1.2 meters. The thickness of unpressed asbestos-cement sheets varies from 6 to 12 mm, but pressed slabs can have a thickness from 6 to 40 mm.

Different types of sheets have different characteristics:

• the strength of the pressed sheet is at least 23 MPa, while for its analogue it barely reaches 18 MPa;
• the density of asbestos fibers in material made under a press is at least 1.8 g/cm cubic, while for simple slate sheets this value is 1.6 g/cm cubic;
• the impact strength indicator, measured in kJ/m square, is also higher for the material produced under pressure and is 2.5 versus 2 for the usual one;
• tolerance of exposure to low temperatures in the first 50 seasons, and in the second 25 cycles;
• the residual strength after all frosts for pressed slate is less than 40%, while for its analogue it is 90%.

Also, pressing technology allows for smaller errors and violations from specified dimensions.

Asbestos cement sheets are divided into several types: corrugated and flat sheets. In this case, flat sheets are divided into unpressed and pressed sheets. Corrugated sheets are used for arranging roofs on residential buildings and public buildings, as well as for outbuildings and wall fences.

Flat sheets can be used as wall panels, partitions, and slabs when arranging floors and other buildings. In particular, this type of asbestos-cement sheets can be used in the process of finishing works, both from the outside and from the inside of buildings.

Pressed and unpressed sheets have the same external characteristics. Their main difference lies in different indicators regarding strength and density. Pressed sheets are additionally compacted, which increases their density and improves strength.

What to do if the required size slate is not available for sale?

If there are no slate sheets of the size you need on sale, then you can use a service such as cutting flat slate - it is offered by almost all slate manufacturers and sellers. Asbestos-cement products are distinguished by the fact that cutting them does not present any particular difficulties and can even be carried out by the buyer himself at home.

Manufacturers of flat slate understand that it is impossible to produce sheets of absolutely all sizes, and in the construction process there is a need for sheets that are not commercially available. Therefore, slate cutting is a widespread and inexpensive service. So-called sandwich panels are constructed using flat slate. In general, covering a house with flat slate is popular today, fashionable and very practical.

Cladding the house with flat slate protects from weather vagaries, from excess noise, from excess moisture

In addition, slate has heat-saving qualities, which is very important in cold winter conditions. And in the hot summer, walls lined with slate will save the room from heating up and retain precious coolness in the house

For purposes such as cladding, of course, thicker sheets of slate are better suited - for example, flat slate 10 mm or thicker. And 6 mm flat slate is better suited for decorative purposes - for example, for creating some kind of decorative buildings such as a gazebo in the country, or for decorating your garden plot with slate figures, or building a beautiful fence.

flat slate for aesthetic purposes also does not require thick sheets; a thickness that is easy to cut and process at home is sufficient.

Disadvantage of flat slate

The production of flat slate has been well established in our country for a long time, so there is no shortage of this building material. Despite various rumors as to whether slate is as harmless as an asbestos-cement product, it is approved for use in facilities for various purposes, including those where the requirements for environmental friendliness and hygienic safety of materials are high.

For example, in kindergartens, schools, and hospitals, wave and flat slates are actively used: both as flooring and as a means for constructing barriers. And you probably know that balconies are often equipped with slate. At one time it was very fashionable, but now it is simply practical, without unnecessary aesthetic frills.

The fact that slate, in addition to all its attractive technical characteristics, is also inexpensive, is very tempting for both professional and private builders. Only luxury construction deliberately bypasses this functional, time-tested material.

Application of flat slate sheets

Flat slate sheets are used mainly for cladding building structures in production or residential buildings, for installing barriers, for refurbishment of balconies or loggias, for mounting wall panels and partitions, for flooring.

The moisture-resistant qualities of this material allow it to be used with particular benefit on the lower floors of buildings and in basements, where humidity is often high.

Flat slate, like wave slate, is produced in sheets that vary in thickness and area. Depending on the purpose for which the slate sheets are used, the buyer chooses one size or another. The thickness of flat slate can be important when, for example, this material is used to reduce sound interference, that is, for soundproofing purposes. It is known that slate has this quality - the ability to prevent excess noise from entering the room. If your balcony is decorated with slate, this means that the room should be much quieter than it was before.

Pros and cons of slate sheets

Modern slate is not inferior in its performance characteristics to its competitors, and its low cost makes this material indispensable in private and industrial construction.

The main advantages of asbestos concrete slabs include:

1. Durability. This quality is well demonstrated by old buildings where the roof has not been changed for several decades.
2. Hardness and strength. Any type of slate can easily support the weight of a person.
3. Slate is dielectric(does not conduct electric current).
4. Silent. It is not a resonator and dampens noise well.
5. Ease in processing. It cuts well and is processed with hand tools.
6. Is non-flammable material. The disadvantage is the ability to explode when exposed to high temperatures.
7. Among other materials of this type is the cheapest, due to the components used. Slate prices range from 300 to 1000 rubles. per sheet. The cost depends on the quality, overall dimensions and type of material.
8. A low temperature deformation coefficient ensures a long service life.

The disadvantages, of which there are not so many, include:

1. Heavy weight sheets. A standard stove weighs about 30 kilograms.
2. Weak water resistance. You can get rid of it if you treat the slate with a special solution.
3. Presence in slate asbestos. When working, it is better to protect your respiratory tract.

Differences between chrysotile cement and asbestos cement sheets

Asbestos, water and cement are used in the production of asbestos cement and chrysotile cement sheets. The products differ from each other only in the types of asbestos. There are two main types:

1. Chrysotile.
2. Amphibole and its varieties.

Asbestos are fine-fiber silicate minerals with different crystal structures and chemical compositions. Amphibole asbestos fibers are fragile and brittle. Easily disintegrates into small particles. When inhaled, asbestos dust becomes trapped and accumulates in the lung tissue. May cause lung cancer. Amphibole asbestos is stable in neutral and acidic environments. Its use is limited.

Chrysotile cement asbestos, on the contrary, is resistant to alkalis. Acids decompose into amorphous components. Does not accumulate in the body. Its fibers are not inferior in tensile strength to steel. Chrysotile is considered less hazardous to health. Widely used for the manufacture of asbestos-cement products (more than 300 types).

Process requirements

There are a number of requirements that should be taken into account when cutting sheets of flat slate. Workers must wear gloves

In addition, it is important to wear a respirator and goggles. This will help protect against harmful asbestos-cement dust.

Even if there are two people cutting (one cuts, the other adds water), particles of slate can get into your eyes. The assistant must be careful when directing the stream of water towards the disc. If you get caught on an angle grinder, the power tool can not only break, but also cause injury. It is better to cut the sheets in advance, before installation.

When working with an angle grinder, you should not put too much pressure on the tool. Slate is quite fragile, so under high pressure it can break. The speed must be set to average. If it was not possible to cut off the desired piece of sheet in one pass, you should go a second time along the same line. You should try not to break the slate, but to saw through it. Under strong pressure, it may break completely out of line. In addition, flat slate cannot be overheated. To do this, it is better not to keep it near an open fire.

Before cutting the sheet, wet the cut line with water. Before this, it is outlined with a pencil. Along the intended line you need to lay rags soaked in water. The slate is left in this position for 3 hours. As a result, it acquires elasticity. Wet material is easy to cut with a grinder, a jigsaw, and even a hacksaw.

Production composition and process description

Slate sheet production technology consists of several stages:

1. In a pre-prepared sheet form a layer of Portland cement mixture is poured water based;
2. Asbestos fibers are evenly distributed along the entire plane of the future sheet, which will give a high level of impact strength, and the strength of the product directly depends on it;
3. Another layer of cement is poured on top. Afterwards the sheet is given the required size;
4. Before sending the finished product to dry, the sheet is pressed (if it is part of the production process);
5. Then the finished sheet is sent to dry.

The asbestos content in each sheet according to GOST standards is 18%.

Two types of flat slate are produced:

• pressed;
• not pressed.

The difference between them is in strength, hence the duration of operation: unpressed - 25 years, pressed - 50. Therefore, unpressed slate is most often used for interior finishing.

The price of pressed slate is correspondingly higher.

The characteristics of the finished flat slate are influenced by the quality of the asbestos, the diameter of its fibers, their length, even the composition of the asbestos, how strongly it is mineralized or how finely ground it is. The equipment used to produce flat slate is also important; the more modern it is, the higher the quality.

The error in the production of pressed flat slate is 4 mm, not 8 mm for pressed slate. Previously, slate could only be bought in gray. Now there is a choice of different shades.

Coating properties

You can protect the slate from moisture yourself, at any time. suitable color. This, firstly, will increase the service life, and secondly, it will add aesthetics to the overall background of the building. It will also significantly reduce the harmfulness of asbestos.

Scope of application

Due to its price and properties, asbestos cement is widely used in a variety of construction fields. Corrugated asbestos cement sheets are well known as an inexpensive and high-quality replacement for tiles. The industry produces slate in different colors and shades, so every buyer has the opportunity to choose a color that will harmoniously fit into the design of the house.

Flat sheets are used for the construction of outbuildings - workshops, warehouses, utility rooms, change houses, etc. At the same time, not only the low price and reliability of the material are highly valued, but also the possibility of short term build a building of the required size.

In agriculture, it is used for the construction of fences, livestock pens, cages in poultry farms

In addition, sandwich panels are made from flat asbestos-cement sheets in the construction of low-rise buildings. They are also used to construct roofing pie, internal and external partitions that do not experience loads. Such sheets are indispensable in the construction of ventilation shafts, ducts, window lintels, etc.

It is beneficial to use flat asbestos-cement panels for the manufacture of permanent formwork - this helps save time on pouring concrete structures, where slate, after the solution hardens, acts as a cladding.

Types of asbestos cement sheets

This material has two varieties:

• flat;
• wavy.

Flat sheets are produced in accordance with GOST 18124-95, they can be pressed/unpressed. They have no external differences; the types of asbestos-cement sheets differ solely according to technical characteristics (density, strength). These figures are higher for pressed ones.

Corrugated sheets must comply with GOST 30340-95. They also have several subspecies, which are distinguished depending on the nature of the profile:

• ordinary;
• reinforced;
• unified;
• average;
• Central European.

The sheets are mainly produced in gray color (unpainted), there are also painted options; during their production, the initial mass is colored with pigments.

Slate slicing

When using this material, the question often arises: what. It’s clear that it’s very difficult to cut a wave one, but there are no such difficulties with a flat one. It is best that when cutting the material, a minimum of dust arises, which is harmful not only to the tool with which the work is performed, but also to the master himself.

Important! Under no circumstances should slate be sawed indoors.

There are several ways to cut slate that may well be applicable at home.

Dust-free slate cutting

In order to give a sheet of flat slate the desired size, the easiest way is to break it. This way there will be less dust and a minimum amount of time will be spent. The most important thing is that slate breaks very easily due to its structure, which contains fibers. But when breaking, you need to be extremely careful not to damage the corners of the sheet. There are several ways to carry out this procedure carefully:

1. A break along the line. To begin with, mark the line along which the break needs to be made, a lath is placed on the cut line, then uniform pressure is applied to the part to be broken off and the slate is broken off along the intended line. Important! You can simplify the task by cutting a small hole along the entire fracture line.
2. Breaking with a nail. To begin with, markings are again made using a pencil. This line is marked with a sharp nail, and then nails are driven into it at a distance of 2 cm from each other. After pressing on the slate, the sheet will break along the pierced line.
3. Cutting with a cutter. For this process you will need a high-quality cutter made of good steel. You need to lay a sheet of slate on a flat surface and draw a cutting line on it. Later, this line should be expanded using a cutter, and then place a strip under the sheet parallel to the cut and press on the slate. Important! It is better not to use a lot of force, as the slate may split. It is better to knock on particularly strong areas with the side of the hammer.

Cutting slate with special tools

If you have one of the special tools in your arsenal for cutting building materials, then you can use it.

Cutting with a grinder

To do this you need to have a grinder with a diamond blade. She will be able to cut a large amount of slate into pieces of the required size. Moreover, with the help of this tool this can be done quickly and safely. The only drawback in the whole process will be the presence of a large amount of dust, so it is imperative to protect your eyes and respiratory organs, and carry out work only outside. You need to operate the grinder by holding it with one hand and pulling it towards you. Under its own weight, the tool will cut flat slate more efficiently.

Using a diamond wheel, along with cutting, the edge of the slate sheet will also be additionally polished. To prevent the tool from overheating, it should operate at a power of about 3000 rpm. You can also simply make a cut in the material with a grinder and then break it.

Cutting with an electric saw and chisel

This is the most traditional method of cutting flat slate, which is practiced by most professional builders. To begin with, the future cut is measured with a ruler, and notches are made on each side with a chisel. The slate is laid on a flat surface that has a block on it, so that its edge coincides with the intended line

The material is carefully broken.

If no breakage has occurred, then you can cut the slate using circular saw with periodic wetting.

Cutting with a jigsaw

An ordinary jigsaw is unlikely to be suitable for large volumes of slate cutting work, but a unit with a high-carbon steel attachment will cope with this task perfectly.

Also suitable is a jigsaw that comes with a saw, each tooth of which is equipped with a pobedite tip. This tool can also cut holes and arcs.

Cutting with a saw

A Teflon-coated saw works great on flat slate. It helps protect the saw from abrasion and reduces friction with the material itself. The cost of such a saw is not much different from a regular one, but when cutting there is less dust and the process goes faster.

Important! The larger the saw teeth, the faster the slate is cut.

Slate cutting and installation

Important! To cut or drill material, you need to choose a tool that will ensure minimal dust formation. . The most basic method is to break off the required pieces of slate

The structure of the material allows this to be done without much difficulty, and without the risk of cracks occurring on the remaining part of the flat slate.

The most basic method is to break off the required pieces of slate. The structure of the material allows this to be done without much difficulty, and without the risk of cracks occurring on the remaining part of the flat slate.

This procedure can be done at home, since there will be virtually no dust. It is important not to break off from the corners, because it will not work smoothly.

In order to break off a piece of the required size, draw a break line on the slate, make a couple of 1 mm holes, lay the slate on the surface so that this line is on the edge, then press on the material and break it off.

Cutting tools

You can also use the following tools:

Bulgarian

It is better to work in pairs, because there will be a lot of dust. For example, you are cutting and your companion pours water on the saw blade and cut line, the dust particles become bound and turn into dirt.

Diamond circle

When working, be sure to use protective equipment and sand slate cuts.

Cutter

Run a cutter along the marked line until a groove is formed and break the material.

Jigsaw

To work with flat slate, you do not need to buy a tool with high power. In this case, a less powerful tool is a better choice, since working slowly makes the process simpler and more reliable, and there will be less dust.

Important! It is not recommended to use a hacksaw for sawing flat slate sheets. The process will be long and labor-intensive, and there will be a lot of dust.

Installation of flat slate

After the material is prepared for work, the installation process can begin. To attach flat slate to the roof, you need to make holes in it for self-tapping screws. In this case, this is the best fastening element, since the self-tapping screws have a washer and a gasket, they do not need to be driven in like nails, and the slate will not deform. Do not forget that you need to apply a layer of waterproofing to the roof.

To install walls or level them, you need to apply a profile and make the necessary structure, which is sheathed with flat slate. To fasten the sheets, a clamp is used, which is capable of securing 2 parts of slate and will ensure the strength and reliability of the structure.

The side of the flat slate facing the street must be additionally treated with protective agents against moisture; for this, acrylic paints are used. Plaster is applied to the inside, leveled and sanded, thus preparing the surface for finishing. For final works Colored flat slate is suitable.

How to cut slate without dust

Flat slate, due to the lack of a profile, is cut so simply that it can even be broken without fear of damaging large parts of the sheet. This option is also suitable for those who decide to cut slate indoors. Slate is very easy to break. This is due to its fibrous structure

It is important not to damage the corners, making the breaking line as smooth as possible.

How to break thin slate:

• mark the fault line with a pencil;
• make several holes with a diameter of 1 mm along it;
• lay the slate on a table or flat surface so that the break line is on the edge;
• Press evenly on the part to be broken off.

You can also make a special device - a strip with nails every 2-3 cm. With its help, you can easily fill a line of holes along which the sheet will break. However, using this method requires experience.

If you choose what to cut flat slate with, the easiest way is to purchase the following tools:

1. Grinder with a stone circle. It's better to work together. One worker will cut the slate, and the second will add water to the cutting line and to the blade itself. To do this, prepare a bottle with a hole in the cap in advance. Thanks to this method, asbestos dust turns into dirt and flows from the treated piece to the ground.
2. You can also use a more expensive method - use a diamond wheel. In this case, the presence of protective equipment is mandatory. In addition, you can make cuts in multiple directions and sand the edges. The disk used will last quite a long time - it can be used throughout the entire work process.
3. If you don’t have a cutting machine, you should use a jigsaw. It is better if it has lower speeds. It is important not to press too hard on the sheet so that it does not become deformed.
4. The cutter also does an excellent job of cutting flat slate. The material must be laid on a hard surface, then a cutting line must be marked. Then, using a ruler, you need to make a mark along the intended line. After 2-3 passes with the cutter, the risk deepens noticeably. After this, the slate sheet is placed on the rail (it should be under the cut line) and pressed on the part to be separated.

The longest and most inconvenient way to cut slate is with a hacksaw for wood or metal. However, with such a tool, the sheet can only be cut along a straight line. For example, when equipping the exit point of a chimney pipe, it will not be possible to use a hacksaw

Sawing the material must be done with extreme caution. It is easy to damage if pressed inaccurately

Properties and characteristics of the material

The basis of a flat slate sheet is a special substance - asbestos, which is part of many building materials. Such mineral raw materials are relatively inexpensive, but at the same time, they are of high quality. Recently, it has become clear that the use of asbestos-containing materials is harmful to the environment, but this is not an indicator that stops consumers from using this material.

Flat slate deserves a place of honor among developers due to its excellent hygroscopicity and airtightness. In addition, it is very durable and easy to process.

This material differs from the wavy analogue that everyone is used to seeing on the roofs of houses. Wavy slate is much more rigid, but thin, but flat slate is thicker, but is the most fragile. Its thickness is usually from 4 to 5 mm, but there is also one that has a thickness of within 10 mm. This material is often used to decorate the roof of outbuildings. It is affordable and of high quality.

Depending on the manufacturing technology, flat profile slate can be pressed or not pressed. The first option has excellent strength characteristics, so it is made with sheet sizes much larger than non-pressed ones.

At the moment, the use of flat slate sheets is for finishing various elements of buildings, for example, the foundation. The material is also used in the design of domestic buildings.

Areas of use of flat slate

Pressed flat slate is used in various construction fields and for a variety of purposes, in particular:

• To carry out design design in ventilation shafts.
• For the manufacture of lintels for windows and window sills.
• For flooring in industrial premises.
• For cladding buildings outside and inside.
• For the production of sandwich panels.
• For the construction of outbuildings, such as enclosures, toilets and others.

Advice! It can be an excellent basis for installing a fence, since such a structure will serve its owners for a long time and will delight with its laconic appearance.

Using slate in the country

The low cost of the material played a role, and this material was of interest to summer residents and gardeners. Flat slate material is actively used for arranging summer cottages of our fellow citizens.

It is very convenient to use it to make a border around the perimeter of the beds. Thanks to him, the bed turns out to be somewhat elevated, but the water from it does not flow down the paths when watering. It is very convenient that such strips of material weigh little and are easy to saw, which greatly simplifies their installation and allows even a woman to cope with the work.

For example, you can do it for a dacha. Such a fence will serve its owners longer than, for example, a wooden one, since it will be absolutely not susceptible to insect pests.

Often at dachas you can find exterior finishing this material for various buildings. This is also justified, since thanks to this design, significantly less noise will enter the room. In addition, the structure will be protected from atmospheric phenomena, a negative chemically affected environment, and the slate will not allow the building to catch fire and will not conduct electric current.

Flat slate for foundation

The foundation is the basis of any structure, therefore the further operation of the building depends on its quality. Despite the fact that there is now a huge variety of materials, flat slate is also used to make the foundation.

For example, it can be used for installing formwork. In this case, the surface of the base is perfectly flat, which will simplify the work on further waterproofing the base. You can, of course, use plywood or planed boards for these purposes, but this will significantly increase costs.

Application of slate sheets

Chrysotile cement flat sheets are widely used:

• As formwork for foundations and walls.
• In the design of ventilated facades (facade slabs).
• As a roofing material for pitched roofs.
• In the construction of sandwich panels.
• When finishing balconies.
• For floors, ceilings, window sills, door and window slopes.
• In irrigation devices of cooling towers.
• During the construction of premises for keeping birds and animals.
• When finishing gas stations, service stations and car washes due to fire resistance, non-corrosion, as well as resistance to technical liquids and detergents.

Until recently, the industry produced flat tiles made from asbestos cement. Today its release has been suspended. If desired, large leaf can be cut into plates the right size using a grinder, but in this case it is necessary to use personal protection.

Details about flat slate, the subtleties of choosing a material and options for its use can be found on the page

Classification according to GOST

The production and dimensions of flat slate are fully specified in GOST 18124−2012. The shape of the product is rectangular, deviation from size is allowed no more than 5 millimeters. The deviation in the horizontal plane is no more than 4 mm for a pressed product, designated LPP, and 8 mm for an unpressed product, LNP.

After the letter marking there is a numerical designation of dimensions, length and width are indicated in meters, and the last number, thickness, in millimeters. GOST also regulates the area of ​​use of the material, starting from roofs of residential buildings and garages, and ending with agricultural use. The percentage of asbestos in the initial solution is determined by the value of 18%.

Types of flat slate

In accordance with GOST 18124-2012, flat asbestos-cement slate is produced in two types: pressed and unpressed.

The pressed sheets removed from the format drum are additionally subjected to compaction under pressure. The technology for manufacturing unpressed products does not provide for such a procedure.

The symbol for slate sheets must include a letter abbreviation for the type of product. Flat, unpressed sheets are designated as LPN. Flat pressed sheets - like BOB.

Unpressed slate is less durable and dense than pressed slate. But it has less weight and is easier to handle. LPN can be cut, sawed, drilled without any special physical effort. They are easy to attach to horizontal and vertical surfaces with screws. Accordingly, unpressed slabs are very convenient for finishing and roofing works. They are used for cladding walls and partitions inside buildings, for installing ceilings, for installing fences, and as a leveling screed in prefabricated roofing pie.

Pressed slate, due to the additional compression of its structure under pressure, is characterized by higher strength, density, impact strength and durability. LPP is recommended for use when cladding and assembling structures exposed to aggressive environments and the risk of fire.

Pressed slate is resistant to corrosion, chemical and biological substances, and elevated temperatures. It does not burn and does not evaporate harmful substances. Therefore, its use is popular at gas stations, car washes, service stations, workshops and paint booths. LPP is also used for cladding facades and interiors of buildings, for creating prefabricated wall panels, enclosing structures, floor surfaces, roofing pies (as screeds). Increased strength and ability to withstand loads makes pressed sheets a suitable material for permanent formwork of walls and foundations. An additional advantage of LPP is increased wear resistance, allowing the sheets to be reused after dismantling.

Application

High strength and long service life significantly expand the possibility of using flat slate. Except usual use for covering the roof, there are other areas where it turns out to be an indispensable assistant. It’s better to buy colored slate right away - factory painting is of better quality and more durable.

When covering the roof, remember: minimum slope the sheet must be at least 15 degrees. Otherwise, during rain and strong side winds, water will get under the roof slope.

Flat slate for beds

In addition to its main purpose as a building material, slate is successfully used on private plots of land for beautiful design and arrangement of beds. Special one and a half meter narrow strips are produced. Flat slate for beds allows you to protect root system from pests, but due to the additional heat from the leaf, the soil requires more water.

Flat slate formwork

A good and inexpensive alternative to wooden or metal formwork is a structure made of unpressed slate. When constructing the foundation formwork, the asbestos cement sheets do not need to be dismantled - this will allow for additional waterproofing and insulation of the foundation of the house. If you still decide to remove them, before installation you need to treat the inner surface of the sheet with a specialized solution.

Interior finishing with slate sheets

In a private house, you can cover the walls and ceiling with flat slate. This is especially true for country houses where the owners live in warm period, and during rainy and cold periods the house is not heated and gets damp. This option is also great for a plinth. Unlike plasterboard sheets, slate is not susceptible to rot and does not absorb moisture, this allows you to keep the interior clean and avoid the unpleasant smell of dampness. To increase water-repellent properties, it is recommended to paint.

Slate fence

Ease of installation, low price, and the possibility of painting in any color make it possible to use asbestos-cement sheets as fencing for houses and adjacent areas. This fence is not subject to rot and corrosion. As an addition, it is advisable to strengthen the ends of the sheets with metal corners to increase the strength of the entire structure.

Facade finishing

Pressed slate can be used as a replacement for sandwich panels. A layer of insulation is laid under it and the sheets are installed. The material's immunity to sudden temperature changes, ease of processing and finishing with one's own hands make it an inexpensive and alternative option.

Leaf slate on the floor

Flat sheets can be laid on the floor as a base for tiling. Their installation will ensure a smooth surface, waterproofing and additional insulation basics. Unlike DSP, slate can be laid in the bathroom and other rooms with high humidity.

Types of flat slate

Today, the industry produces two types of slate sheets - pressed and unpressed. There is no fundamental difference between them, it is only in technical specifications.

Main characteristics of flat slate:

Pressed slate has less error linear dimensions, the permissible deviation for it is only 4 millimeters, and for unpressed slate 8. Sometimes unscrupulous sellers in stores pass off unpressed slate as pressed. To avoid this, before purchasing, carefully study the markings, located on the sheet.

The marking looks like this: LP-NP-1.5×1.0×6 GOST. It means:

• LP - flat sheet;
• NP - unpressed, the letter “P” is used to designate pressed slate.

The numbers indicate the dimensions of the sheet, expressed in meters:

• 1.5 - length;
• 1.0 - width;
• 6 - sheet thickness, expressed in millimeters.

The main dimensions of slate supplied to retail trade, are:

• thickness - 6, 8; 10 millimeters;
• width - 1200, 1500 millimeters;
• length - 2500, 3000, 3500 millimeters.

Slate sizes 40×60 centimeters is extremely rare in retail chains and is used as a roofing material.

Advantages and disadvantages

Flat slate is used in many areas of construction; it is considered one of the most popular materials for roofing, construction of outbuildings, cladding of facades and walls. The following advantages make asbestos cement sheet so popular:

• Affordable price. A sheet of size 1.5x1.0 m, the thickness of which is 10 mm, costs in construction stores in the range of 300-350 rubles. Pressed flat slate is considered the cheapest material used for roofing. The price of this coating is 2-2.5 times lower than.
• Durability. Judging by Soviet-era buildings, it can be assumed that the service life of an asbestos-cement sheet 10 mm thick with proper maintenance exceeds 30-40 years declared by the manufacturers.
• Fire resistance. Due to its high fire-resistant properties, asbestos cement sheets are used as insulation for installation sites for heating equipment or chimneys.
• Strength. An asbestos-cement pressed sheet 8-10 mm thick can easily withstand the average weight of a person, so it is not afraid of mechanical damage.
• Ease of installation and repair. Installing and reconstructing slate sheets does not require special tools or skills. You can replace a damaged sheet with your own hands, without completely dismantling the roof covering. Sheathing the walls of a house made of flat slate Façade cladding and a fence made of flat asbestos cement
• Versatility. The sizes of flat slate are varied. Manufacturers produce materials with sheet thicknesses of 6, 8, 10 and even 30 mm, lengths of 1.5 - 3 m, widths of 1 - 1.5 m. Most often, damage to asbestos cement occurs when builders cut flat slate. The sizes are selected so as to perform as little cutting as possible. Standard sizes of sheets of flat asbestos cement

Important! Asbestos, from which slate sheets are made, poses a potential danger to human health. Getting into the respiratory tract and mucous membranes, it irritates them, causing coughing and itching.

However, asbestos dust is only released during cutting and making holes in slates. To protect against it during work, use a respirator soaked in water and goggles.

The disadvantages of asbestos cement are considered potentially harmful composition, heavy weight and low resistance to moisture penetration. depending on the size is 25-30 kg. Considering how much it weighs, reinforced sheathing and a reliable rafter frame are equipped for installation. The problem with waterproofing is solved by applying a special paint, which gives an attractive color and creates a protective film that does not allow water to pass through.

Weight of unpressed and pressed flat asbestos cement

Slate roofing

Flat slate is used for the construction of roofs as a roofing material. This process has a number of features:

1. For roofing, pressed flat slate with a thickness of 8-10 mm is used. Thinner sheets do not have sufficient strength, and thick ones are too heavy.
2. Since the weight of a 10 mm thick 1.5 x 1.0 m asbestos cement sheet is 29 kg, the rafter frame and roof sheathing are reinforced. Rafters with a cross section of 100x150 mm are installed in increments of no more than 80-100 cm, and the sheathing slats are made from 50x50 mm boards. All wood is treated with an antiseptic compound. Flat slate roofing
3. The sheets are laid staggered to avoid long longitudinal seams that are poorly protected from moisture penetration. Horizontal rows of flat slate are mounted in a joint, and vertical rows overlap up to half the length.
4. Stainless steel self-tapping screws with a press washer and a rubber seal are used as fastening elements. The screw caps do not deepen, but leave a small gap to avoid damage. In order not to split the sheet, holes are drilled no closer than 70-100 mm from the edge. Installation of asbestos cement sheets on the sheathing
5. To give the roof the desired shade and enhance protection against moisture penetration, a special one is used. Before application, the surface is primed. Damage to flat asbestos cement roofing

Note! The hammer and nails used to install corrugated slate are not suitable for flat slate. A hammer blow that is too strong often causes sheets to split.

If the installation is performed by an inexperienced craftsman, the material is purchased with a margin of 10-15% for discarding.

Excellent performance characteristics flat asbestos cement, as well as modern technologies production allows you to create a durable, effective roofing covering, the appearance of which cannot be compared with monotonous wavy slate.

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages of flat slate are much greater than disadvantages, That is why this building material is especially effective in the Russian construction industry.

• Profitable price;
• Material strength, which can withstand everything of an adult;
• Fire resistance, but if an open fire is directed at the slate, it can “shoot” fragments;
• Has properties dielectric;
• Sustainability from corrosion and rotting;
• High UV protection and electromagnetic radiation;
• Heat resistance;
• Fine withstands temperature changes, severe frost or heat;
• Even after the end of the guaranteed period, the percentage of subsequent freezing-thawing 80% ;
• Flat slate easy to install.

Now about the negative side of this building material:

• High weight. Weight is the main obstacle; without additional help, it will not be possible to install it alone;
• Contains asbestos, therefore it is necessary to work with it taking precautions;
• Poor waterproofing, therefore, additional treatment with special solutions is required during installation, otherwise moss will begin to grow on the slate in the future;
• While cutting sheets, the edges of the slate also need to be processed so that the building does not collapse in the future;
• Slate is a rather fragile material, especially during transportation.

The cost-effectiveness and durability of flat slate have been proven over the years, take old buildings for example. So proper treatment with special means during installation guarantees a service life of even 100 years.

Flat slate or cement board, which is better?

With similar manufacturing technology and external similarity, DSP and slate have the main difference in the components included in the material. The composition of the cement particle board includes wood filler - against asbestos and composite materials in slate. Being highly environmentally friendly, it is advisable to use DSP in interior decoration.

The presence of wood fibers causes greater moisture permeability of the slab. Therefore, it is not suitable in rooms with high humidity, roofs and external decoration of building walls. It is forbidden particle board can be used as a fence material and for agricultural purposes.

After just 20 freezing/thawing cycles, it loses 50% of its strength, not taking into account that it can be exposed to moisture all year round. So the range of application of slate sheets is wider. Asbestos cement sheet is more versatile, although it is harmful to health if used incorrectly.

Features of laying flat slate on the roof

There shouldn’t be any problems when cladding walls with flat slate, but in order to cover the roof you need to know several important features.

The slate is stored in film in a horizontal position; you should remove the packaging only before starting work. Prepare everything necessary protective equipment, this will be useful for cutting sheets. There must be a sheathing under the slate, which must be done correctly. You should purchase special nails for slate in advance.

The slate is laid in such a way that the overlap was on the turned side, and for convenience, pull the twine onto the cornice, and already on it you can begin to lay the first rows.

It is worth noting that the sheathing must be solid and it must be marked in advance in the form of a grid. The mesh size is 23.5 by 22.5 centimeters, and the slope must be at least twenty degrees.

The general laying technology is no different from wave slate; the sheets are also installed from the bottom up, and the overlaps should be on the leeward side. Another feature of laying flat slate is that each odd rows must be laid from a whole sheet, and even from half, then there will not be one continuous joint on the roof.

Flat slate is practically no different from wave slate; it is good to use for beds, as well as for cladding walls, laying roofs and floors for not new houses, where there is no point in buying expensive material. Flat slate is in no way inferior in beauty to other materials, varied in color and it looks pretty good.

Best buy asbestos cement pressed slate, because it is denser and, accordingly, stronger. As for asbestos, bourgeois slabs are produced today, but these sheets do not contain it, and no harmful substances are released into the environment, and no other fibers are used. In addition, slate cannot be compared with concrete tiles, because the tiles break during installation and does not work on bending. Even though pressed slate is much more expensive, it is much better, so don't skimp, otherwise it will cost you even more money later.

It is best to use for wall cladding atseiidu, it is also suitable for making partitions. The price is affordable for everyone, yes, we are not rich people, we cannot afford to buy more expensive material, although I don’t argue that it is better, but slate is an excellent replacement for it, and it has the same qualities. Everywhere has its pros and cons, and expensive materials are no exception, so if you can’t buy something beautiful, then we’ll take quality.

The use of flat slate for beds

Material properties

Summer residents and gardeners know how much effort needs to be invested in order to create plot of land neat beds. In this case, by the way, you will need a slate that will show its best qualities:

• durability;
• resistance to putrefactive processes in contact with soil and plants;
• has a presentable appearance;
• simple and easy to install.

Important! Before you start laying sheets, the material must be inspected for chips, cracks and various defects. If there is a need, the slate is cut

How to make beds from flat slate with your own hands?

• For this purpose, flat slate of different colors is used, at your personal discretion.
• The standard size of flat slate is 1.75 cm in length. In order to avoid waste during work, the sheet is cut into two halves, thus forming the width of the bed.
• To connect the sheets to each other, metal corners are used, which are pre-cut to a certain size and holes are made in them for bolts. Then these places need to be painted to avoid corrosion.

With this method of formation, the beds will be located 10 cm above the ground level, which contributes to better heating of the soil. By deepening the flat slate 15 - 20 cm into the ground, protection will be created against roots getting into the beds.

Important! In order to avoid damaging the slate, you must first dig a trench rather than drive it into the ground.

Pros and cons of flat slate

The main advantages of flat slate include the following features:

1. Relatively low price. The components included in its composition provide it with the cheapest cost compared to other sheet analogues.
2. Long service life, confirmed by time on the example of old buildings with slate roofs.
3. Non-flammability, even when exposed to an open flame source. In case of fire, such a coating does not burn by itself, although under the influence high temperature bursts, making loud sounds like gunshots.
4. High levels of hardness and strength, allowing it not to break even under the weight of a person standing on it.
5. Does not create additional noise when precipitation occurs in the form of rain or hail.
6. Slate itself is a dielectric, which means it not only does not conduct current, but also does not susceptible to corrosive processes like metal coatings.
7. Easy to install and handle. Sheets are easy to cut hand hacksaw, not to mention the Bulgarian.
8. Also an important feature for maintaining a comfortable temperature inside the building, especially in the hot summer period is that due to its properties and light color does not attract sunlight, which means it does not heat up in hot weather. By the way, this is the secret of its durability, because the less the material heats up, the less susceptible it is to thermal expansion, which leads to deformation of the structure of most materials.

Originally conceived as a roofing covering, such slate has a minimum of negative properties:

1. This type of slate is made using asbestos, which has a detrimental effect on human health by releasing toxic dust into the surrounding area.
2. Relatively large weight of sheets, in comparison with modern materials for roofing work, which means an increased load on the load-bearing structures of the building. For example, only one ordinary slab 1750x1120x8 mm creates a load of 31 kg.
3. Not very high resistance to water, which over the years leads to the growth of moss directly on slate slabs, you can get rid of it, which, however, is not difficult using special solutions.

Features of application and installation

What can you paint with?

Flat slate sheets must be painted, which significantly increases their performance characteristics, because asbestos cement sheets protected with paint are more resistant not only to fracture, but also to the effects of water and low temperatures.

Painted slate does not release toxic asbestos particles into the surrounding space and moss or lichen cannot grow on it, which, as a rule, is a “decoration” of a regular wave roof covering.

For painting flat slabs, special acrylic or silicone paints are mainly used., as well as liquid plastic, which after application form a protective film that increases their service life by at least 2 times.

Installation features

Fastening flat slabs to any flat surface does not pose any additional difficulties. But, as with any specific materials, during this operation it is necessary to take into account the installation features:

1. Firstly, since such sheets are mainly intended for roofing work, due to their significant weight, increased demands are placed on the reliability of the roof truss system, which must withstand the considerable weight of the decking itself and increased ice and snow loads in winter.
2. Secondly, the method of laying flat slabs involves their displacement, to avoid the formation of long seams, which are usually weak points of the roof and are more susceptible to water penetration. Just as in the case of other roofing materials, such sheets are laid only with overlaps. Thus, even when installing a longitudinal row of slabs end-to-end, slabs from adjacent rows are offset and laid with an overlap of half the length of the underlying row, so that all joints are completely covered.
3. Thirdly, it necessarily requires the organization of roof waterproofing with special films, serving as a water barrier.

How to fasten sheets

Unlike conventional wave material, which can be fixed to the roof using standard nails driven through it into the rafters, its flat counterpart for installation requires high-quality wood screws with a special press washer with a rubber gasket that prevents water from entering the gap between it and the fastener .

By the way, drills tipped with hard alloys are used to drill holes for self-tapping screws. And when drilling, always maintain a distance from the edge of the sheet of at least 70 mm, so as not to cause a crack in the slab.

Price

Today, asbestos-cement slate slabs are sold at different prices depending on the specific manufacturer, but there are two natural trends in their cost:

1. Firstly, the price for them, as well as for any other, is primarily determined by the thickness of the slate sheet, as well as its length and width;
2. Secondly, due to better characteristics and longer production time, pressed boards are always slightly more expensive than non-pressed boards. For example, a slab with dimensions of 3000x1500x12 mm in the LPP version costs 1,318 rubles, and a similar type of LPN costs 1,186 rubles.

From which it follows that if you choose a cheaper material over a second one, you will not be able to save seriously, due to the small difference between them, which can only be important when purchasing large quantities with low performance requirements.

By standard size, asbestos-cement slabs have approximately the following prices:

• 3000x1500x12 mm: LPN – 1185 rubles, LPP −1315 rubles;
• 3000x1200x12 mm: LPN – 973 rubles, LPP −1108 rubles;
• 2000x1500x10 mm: LPN – 590 rubles, LPP −810 rubles;
• 1500x1000x6 mm: LPN – 202 rubles, LPP −260 rubles;
• 1750x1070x6 mm: LPN – 260 rubles.

Advantages and disadvantages of slate

To better understand whether flat slate is suitable for use in specific situation construction, it will be useful to outline its pros and cons.

The most significant advantages:

• Wear resistance and mechanical strength.
• Durability, which on average is 25-50 years.
• High bending strength, due to which the sheets do not deform under the influence of a layer of snow (on the roof) or concrete masses (as formwork walls).
• High fire resistance. Slate is fireproof, fireproof and non-flammable materials.
• Resistance to aggressive environments - chemical and biological. Slate is not subject to corrosion, neutral to alkalis and industrial atmospheric emissions. The material is resistant to microorganisms, it does not rot and is not damaged by insects.
• Moisture resistance. Flat slate sheets do not allow water to pass through and are an excellent waterproofing material.
• Resistant to temperature changes.
• Frost resistance, allowing the use of slate in any climate zone, even in the Far North.
• Simple installation, simple repair work.
• Undemanding in operation.
• Low price compared to similar materials.

Disadvantages to be aware of:

• Fragility, which often leads to sheets breaking already at the installation stage. This feature requires additional material to be included in the estimate. At the same time, many manufacturers are trying to combat the problem by adding special plasticizers to the chrysotile cement mixture.
• Low impact strength. Slate sheets, often used as finishing material on outdoors, are subject to shock deformations, for example, from hail or thrown stones.
• When cutting and drilling slate, asbestos dust is released, which can enter a person’s lungs and negatively affect his health. Therefore, when machining slabs, you should use respirators. At enterprises and in indoors Where slate processing takes place, it is mandatory to install dust collection equipment with air purification devices.

Despite its shortcomings, flat slate can be safely called a universal building material. Some experts claim that you can build an entire city out of it! And this statement is not so far from the truth. Walls, roofs, and fences are built from flat chrysotile sheets, which are highly durable and retain their properties for many decades.

Flat slate technical specifications

It is this material that will not require any special skills from you during installation, and besides, it is not too expensive. Slate is relatively strong and durable. Flat slate sheets consist of a special mixture of Portland cement and asbestos fiber, as well as water. At the same time, the total share of asbestos itself reaches almost 18% - this is enough to obtain the much-needed tensile strength and required impact strength.

The asbestos from which the sheets are composed is used in construction work for more than a dozen years now. It turns out that at a fairly low price you get high-quality material. As professionals note, such sheets have high performance – both in terms of hygroscopicity and air tightness. It is also convenient that there are a large number of different types of slate and color solutions on the market. Depending on the characteristics, the price of the product varies.

However, first of all, builders pay attention to the use of a press in the slate manufacturing process. It is the pressed one that is most valued - in such sheets the bending strength of the material is greater and reaches 23 MPa, while the non-pressed one has 5 units less. The density of the material is also higher for the pressed one and reaches 1.8 g/cm3, and as for frost resistance, in the first case the indicator reaches 50 defrosting cycles, in the second – 25

When choosing, it is better to choose sheets whose thickness will be at least 8 mm - this will give you the necessary strength. The most enterprising citizens even manage to build a garage or something like a stall from such an asbestos product. Flat sheets are often used for both cladding and fencing.

physical and chemical indicators

The most important technical characteristics of flat slate, on which its durability and application possibilities depend, are strength, density, viscosity, and frost resistance.

Flat slabs are characterized by high bending strength, which allows them to be used in ceilings, floors, roofing coverings, foundation walls. Unpressed products withstand bending forces of 18 MPa, pressed ones - 23 MPa.

The density of flat slate is relatively small and is equal to 1600 kg/m3 for LNP, and 1800 kg/m3 for LPP. This means that the thermal insulation properties of the material, on the contrary, are quite high.

Impact strength is a value indicating the ability of a material to resist impact loads. For pressed sheets, this parameter must be at least 2.5 kJ/m2, for non-pressed sheets - at least 2 kJ/m2.

Another important parameter– frost resistance. Unpressed slate can withstand 25 freeze-thaw cycles, and pressed slate - 50. As a rule, these figures are very close to the actual service life of asbestos-cement sheets.

Slate painting

In order to give flat slate an attractive appearance, they began to paint it with acrylic paints in brown, red, green, and blue shades.

They can be either matte or glossy. Coloring is done not only for decorative purposes, but also for protective purposes.

After all, such a coating provides protection from ultraviolet radiation, precipitation and extends the life of the material.

When choosing a product, be sure to inspect how well the paint is applied. According to the standard, slate should be painted evenly without streaks on both sides.

To make the right choice and not be disappointed, pay attention to all the nuances: for what purpose the material is purchased, what methods of fastening, sheet thickness, markings. . For the roof, flat slate of large sizes is selected, but at the same time with light weight, to speed up the installation process and reduce pressure on the house

For the construction of walls, slate is used with a greater thickness, but a smaller size.

For the roof, flat slate of large sizes is selected, but at the same time with light weight, to speed up the installation process and reduce pressure on the house. For the construction of walls, slate is used with a greater thickness, but a smaller size.

This is done so that there is no additional labor cost for arranging windows and windows.

Flat slate application and possible options

In addition to its use in the construction of small buildings, recently this material has become increasingly in demand in the construction of residential buildings. And this, first of all, is the finishing and cladding of the facade, as well as the interior of office premises. You can use this product if you need to resolve the issue of lining partitions, ventilation shafts, and window lintels.

The use of flat slate is also justified in the case of the construction of utility areas - from gazebos and enclosures to summer buildings and booths. The sheet version of slate can easily be used when constructing walls or ceilings. To reduce the pressure on the slate during installation, you can use washers. If we're talking about about the roof, then when laying the roof the angle of inclination should be from 30 degrees, and the installation direction should be from bottom to top and from right to left - these are the laying standards.

In addition, when working with a tool such as a hammer, you should be very careful - if you hit the surface hard, the product may break.

And one more piece of advice: when hammering, the heads of the nails should not “sink” into the sheets. Holes for nails are drilled with a slightly larger diameter than the diameter of the fasteners. It is better to place rubber seals on top of the slate, directly under the nail, to avoid leaks. But to make it easier to walk on such a surface, we recommend using special walkways.

• Pressed slate is often purchased for hanging facades and “sandwich panels” - and here you can add an additional layer of insulation. As professionals note, the sufficiently high strength of this material makes it possible to use it when laying a foundation. Note that this material is resistant to temperature changes and the influence negative factors environment. This material is quite easy to process with tools - you can use a hacksaw or a circular saw.
• The thickness of the sheets allows the material to be used as a basis for a fence. Slate sheets with standard parameters of 3000 by 1500 mm are successfully used as country fences. Such a fence will definitely not rot or be “afraid” of insects. When using slate in a fence structure, it is advisable to enclose the sheets in metal corners- in this case, an immovable structure is obtained.
• Well, another area of ​​application is the vegetable garden and garden beds. With the help of this material, summer residents make it easier for themselves to care for the soil and are increasingly using straight slate to fence their beds.
• Flat slate roofing is becoming commonplace - such a roof will last you a long time if all installation details were taken into account during installation. By the way, the installation of the coating itself can be done all year round - both in the heat and in the cold. You don't need any special skills.
• Professionals see a particular advantage in its use in the ability to use it in the process of foundation work. In the trenches under load-bearing walls First, sand is poured, then water is poured in, and reinforcement is laid on top, which is sheathed with sheets of flat slate. Such work is carried out from the inside of the structure under construction. First, wooden planks are attached, which are then fixed to the sheets and directly to the reinforcement using self-tapping screws.

Slate production

Asbestos is a natural raw material whose fiber strength exceeds the strength of steel wire. Asbestos fibers adhere well with cement mortar, forming a reinforcing mesh, resulting in a durable material that does not support combustion.

Flat slate is obtained by fiber molding chrysotile asbestos and cement mixture. Asbestos fibers are evenly distributed throughout the entire sheet shape, this gives it high impact strength and increased strength. The service life of slate manufactured in compliance with the technological process is 50 years. It has the highest fire resistance and frost resistance, so after 50 freezing cycles the material retains 90% of its original strength.

What is flat slate?

Slate was used as a building material long before the invention of metal. Its main advantage is durability. And, despite the abundance of other roofing materials on the modern market, the demand for slate products still remains.

Recently, flat slate has begun to be actively used. All thanks to the rich list of areas for its application. The name itself characterizes its main advantage over its brother, wave slate. It can be used not only as a roofing material, but also as finishing, for example, a garage.

The flat shape of slate allows you to perform various manipulations on it, turning the most daring design solutions into reality, while saving your budget. The main thing is to turn on your imagination.

The advantages of flat slate over other types of slate are obvious. Having a number of advantages over any other roofing or finishing materials, flat slate is in great demand among experienced builders.

In most European countries, products containing asbestos have been banned, citing the fact that it is harmful to the human body. But modern research showed that the use of slate for construction or decoration in no way affects the health of people living nearby.

Rather, it is a marketing ploy aimed at ousting inexpensive but high-quality building materials from the market.

Rather, it is a marketing ploy aimed at ousting inexpensive yet high-quality building materials from the market.

Slate sheet construction

Here is a list of advantages of flat slate:

• Low cost, from 300 to 1000 rub. per sheet of asbestos-cement flat;
• Long service life. Compared to metal roofing products, slate has a service life of 25 to 50 years, and up to 30 years if it is of high quality;
• Convenient and easy to handle. It cuts perfectly, even with a hand saw, without deforming;
• Rich assortment of sheets required size for construction;
• Economical during the construction of the necessary structures.

NOTE!

Take special care when handling or cutting flat slate. Since the main component of slate is asbestos, all work must be carried out wearing masks to protect the respiratory tract.

Advantages and disadvantages of flat slate

Advantages:

1. High strength material, an adult, can move freely on it without damaging it;
2. Durable, this is no longer new material and has been tested by many people over the years;
3. Fireproof and withstands high temperatures;
4. Does not allow heat to pass through;
5. Easy to process;
6. Frost-resistant;
7. Waterproof;
8. High insulation In contrast, rain and hail are practically inaudible from external noise;
9. Acceptable price;
10. Quick installation.

Flaws:

1. Weight. Its significant weight makes installation very difficult; one person obviously cannot handle it;
2. Fragility. Although it can withstand the weight of a person, the material must be transported, loaded and unloaded very carefully, you should pay attention to ensure that it does not fall, as it may break immediately;
3. Asbestos content. When processing, it is necessary to protect the mucous membrane and respiratory tract, since asbestos affects human health.
4. Covered with moss. Over time, moss forms on the slate, but it can be eliminated using primers, which prolongs operation and increases water resistance.
5. Release of harmful substances to the air.

To properly install flat slate on a building, you should adhere to some simple rules, then there will be no need to hire professionals for the job.

Fastening flat slate to wooden sheathing different from wave.

Flat slate must be fastened with galvanized nails or self-tapping screws, and a piece of rubber or roofing material must be attached to each nail.

Since due to temperature changes the slate either expands or contracts, so you need to leave a small distance between the nail and the slate.

NOTE!
Do not hammer nails, as this can ruin the sheet. You first need to drill holes for future fastenings; it should be 1-1.5 mm larger than the nail itself.

Advantages and disadvantages

It is no coincidence that this building material is in great demand. It is distinguished by high technical characteristics, the main of which are:

• frost resistance and the ability to tolerate temperature changes well;
• no deformation when heated;
• high strength;
• good sound insulation;
• indifference to ultraviolet radiation;
• high fire safety;
• the ability not to accumulate or shield electromagnetic fields;
• high anti-corrosion properties;
• resistance to rot and mold;
• ease of processing and ease of installation;
• durability.

All types of slate have such properties. Along with this, flat pressed asbestos cement sheet has even better qualities:

• twice the ability to withstand temperature changes;
• higher safety margin;
• very low porosity.

Thanks to the latter property, its water absorption is reduced, and the sheet successfully resists the appearance of moss on its surface.

The durability of 30 years, which is inherent in unpressed slate, increases to 40–45 years.

One of the main disadvantages is the relative fragility of the sheets, which requires increased attention during transportation and installation.

In addition, these include:

• the heaviness of the sheets, which makes it impossible to lay them alone;
• the need to cover sections with special compounds when processing cutting tools;
• the tendency (over time) for moss to appear.

Composition and types of asbestos-cement sheets

The basis of this material is Portland cement grades M300–500 mixed with water. When molded, asbestos fibers are evenly distributed inside each sheet. Their share in building materials is 18 percent. The mineral component gives the canvas strength and resistance to mechanical damage.

Asbestos cement sheet is manufactured in wavy and flat versions.

The first option is divided by the number of waves: seven or eight. Five-wave and six-wave sheets are rarely produced, but they are used only for industrial needs.

To reduce cost, flat asbestos-cement sheets are sometimes not pressed. In this case, the service life of the material is reduced due to low strength and porosity. And unpressed sheets can only be used for small outbuildings or cladding.

Colored slate gives an aesthetic appearance to the facade of the house

The usual shade of asbestos-cement sheets is gray. But some manufacturers also offer colored slate. Coloring of bright products occurs during molding by adding coloring pigments.

Designation and marking of sheets

Flat slate sheets have their own symbol, characterizing their type and size. It contains the letter abbreviation of the product type (LPN or LPP - unpressed and pressed sheets, respectively), dimensions (length, width, thickness - in millimeters), and the designation of the current standard. For example, pressed sheets with a length of 3000 mm, a width of 1570 mm, and a thickness of 10 mm, manufactured according to GOST 18124-2012, are designated as LPP 3000 x 1570 x 10 GOST 18124-2012. And unpressed products with a length of 1200 mm, a width of 1120 mm, a thickness of 6 mm - like LNP 1200 x 1120 x 6 GOST 18124-2012.

The designation of the sheets is indicated in the accompanying documents for the products, in construction drawings and so on. Directly on the sheets you can see another mark for identification - marking. It is usually applied to slate using printing. But it is also allowed to use printed labels that are glued to sheets. A minimum of 1% of sheets in a lot must be marked.

The marking contains:

• manufacturer's name or trademark;
• batch number;
• a sign indicating the type of sheet and its thickness (a square with a number in the center - an unpressed sheet, the same square, but symbolically “compressed” by two arrows - a pressed sheet).

Installation

When all the elements are ready for use, it is important to install them correctly. If the slate is attached to the roof, then it is necessary to drill holes in it for self-tapping screws

You can also use a roofing nail, but self-tapping screws with a washer or gasket in this case will be more convenient, because they do not need to be driven in, which minimizes the chances of deformation of the coating. When working with a roof, it is important to remember the need for a waterproofing layer.

To work with walls and, in particular, to level them, you need to use a profile and make the desired design, which will be sheathed with slate sheets. To securely fasten them to the wall surface, you can use a clamp, which will fix the two parts of the slate and make the entire structure more stable and reliable.

The side of the sheet that faces the street must be additionally protected, which will prevent the destruction of the material. Therefore, the corresponding surface must initially be treated with acrylic paint. And a layer of plaster is applied on top of the inside, the surface is leveled, sanded and prepared for further finishing. For finishing work, you can choose colored slate.

Installation of wall slabs is carried out end-to-end, in this case, it is better to coat the joints with sealant to minimize the chance of leakage. If we talk about the roof, then the masonry is overlapped so that precipitation under no circumstances gets under the surface of the ceiling. After installing flat slate on the wall, it is puttyed and then polished so that the surface is perfectly smooth.

If you need to make a gazebo or sheathe a fence, it is best to use large sheets of slate that are screwed to the frame or beams of the future fence. The principle of work is almost the same, the main difference is the dimensions of the slate, which must be selected individually for the design.

How to cut and drill flat slate

Drilling slate must be done using a concrete drill with a Pobedit tip. When drilling holes, it is necessary to reduce possible vibration of the material by placing it on the ground or on a special substrate. Without a drill, you can make a hole and attach the building material using slate nails. They do not leave cracks when hammered. You can also use roofing screws, having a special drill at the end.

You can cut the required piece to size using a grinder with a disc for stone or concrete. Please note that if you are performing the operation alone, you will need goggles and a respirator to protect against asbestos dust. If you have a partner, you need to water the cut line with a stream of water - then there will be no dust and there is less chance of chips.

If you don’t have a grinder at hand, then you can try to make a cut with a regular hacksaw or a sharp construction knife - draw a line and use a ruler or guide with the tip of a knife to draw the line several times. If the cut is deep enough, the slate will break along the cut line.

Types and characteristics of flat slate

In accordance with the technical specifications, the flat slate sheet can be of two types:

• Pressed (LPP). Its production technology includes additional compaction. It differs from LPN in its high strength, rigidity, density, impact strength and durability.
• Unpressed (LPN). Flat slate, price per sheet which is significantly lower than that of LPP. It is inferior in characteristics to the pressed one (see table), but having a less dense structure, it is easy to cut, saw and drill. It is convenient to fasten it with self-tapping screws to the surface to be coated.

The widespread use of chrysotile asbestos sheets is due to their unique performance characteristics:

Buy flat slate It is possible in building materials stores, but even without a guarantee of quality, its cost will be significantly higher than in the Tsem-Cement company.

Features of flat slate

1. Strength. The manufacturing technology includes asbestos fiber and Portland cement, thanks to which the slate can withstand mechanical loads, and the sheets can withstand weight up to one hundred kilograms;
2. High sound insulation. This material reduces external noise quite well, so it is used for finishing residential buildings and industrial buildings;
3. Asbestos cement can also be used for the installation of other materials, which means that there is no need to make a frame-sheathing;
4. Slate can't burn, and besides, it does not conduct electricity, so it is used as flooring in transformer booths, substations and other places where there is an increased risk of electric shock;
5. Another feature of this material is that it does not rot, does not rust, mold does not form, is not damaged by fungus, and also does not infest insects;
6. Withstands sudden temperature change, absorbs moisture;
7. Available on store shelves many different colors, for every taste. When making slate, add Chemical substance, capable of changing color, and this, in turn, improves some other property, for example, sound insulation or frost resistance.

What it is

Slate has been familiar to people since ancient times, but the wavy version was often used in construction; it was used for the roof of a house or any other building. Since the material itself was inexpensive and served for a long time and reliably, an attempt was made to create an even version of the same product. This is exactly how smooth slate turned out, which is in no way inferior to its ancestor, but unlike it, it has much more possibilities for use.

The material is called flat because it has a completely flat surface. This slate is also made of asbestos, which gives it strength and durability, including making it relatively light. With its help you can both cover the roof and make a fence. If desired, the material is used for interior decoration of non-residential premises. Often the lower part of the balconies is covered with flat slate.

Due to its low cost, slate can be used for any repair purposes necessary, and its long service life, which can reach 50 years, will help get rid of unnecessary repairs for a long time.

It is very convenient to work with it, because it is easy to cut a slab even with a saw, without worrying that the material will deteriorate, break or be deformed in any way. When interacting with slate, it is necessary to follow safety rules so that asbestos does not enter the respiratory tract.

Flat slate has a wide variety of sizes, which makes it easy to select the desired size of sheets. This is what makes the material significantly different from corrugated slate, where there are only a few options for product dimensions. By working with flat forms there is very little waste, which is very economical.

Peculiarities

To produce flat slate, at least 18% of asbestos is used, which makes the sheets so strong, and they are reinforced. To bind all the starting elements, Portland cement is used, to which asbestos and water are added, after mixing which the necessary mixture is obtained. When the composition hardens, a durable flat slate is obtained.

If you pay attention to the technical characteristics, it is important to mention the methods for obtaining this building material:

• making slate using a press;
• production of unpressed slate sheets.

Finished products are distinguished by marking:

• PL – flat sheets;
• NP – flat sheets of unpressed slate;
• P – pressed sheets of flat slate.

Unpressed slate is less dense, so it is recommended to be used for interior decoration. The pressed version is a more advanced model, which is why it has more functions. The properties of the future slab depend on the asbestos and its characteristics. The strength and durability are affected by the diameter and length of the fibers of the main component; in addition, impurities that are part of the boards also play a significant role.

The weight of flat slate varies from 25 to 30 g for large sheets, which is quite a lot, so it is important to take the necessary measures to strengthen the structure under such a covering. .

The material is widely used in construction, so it is important to know all its advantages and disadvantages.

The advantages include:

• inexpensive cost;
• strength and durability;
• ease of care;
• non-flammable composition;
• immunity to electricity, can be used as a dielectric;
• good sound insulation.

There are a number of negative characteristics of this material:

• relative fragility;
• susceptibility to biological influences (moss and mold);
• the need for additional coating of the material.

To protect flat slate, you need to use a special paint that will not allow moisture to pass through and will make the roof attractive. Consumption per 1 m2 can be calculated taking into account the specific type of paint and the number of layers. If the surface is not too large, then large expenses for paint are not expected.

Conclusion

Installation of flat slate on the walls is carried out end-to-end, and the contact points are coated with sealants.

For gazebos or fences, you need to take large sheets of slate. They are attached to beams or frames according to the same principle.

The main difference will be the size of the sheets, which is chosen according to the size of the structure.

To ensure a long service life of flat slate, care must be taken to ensure proper processing initial stage, and its subsequent installation.

To cover flat slate with paints, it is necessary to take acrylic ones, since they have optimal characteristics that can protect the material from an aggressive environment.

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Mineral wool Isover (Izover) is a modern energy-efficient solution to the issues of insulation of buildings and structures for various purposes. It is characterized by a high level of environmental safety, confirmed by the EcoMaterial Absolute eco-label, excellent noise insulation and a long service life (about 50 years). Complies with the European standard EN 13162, but at the same time it is quite affordable for the Russian consumer.

Types of Isover mineral wool insulation

Mineral wool Isover (Izover) in slabs. A fairly light, elastic, dust-free material that can provide high thermal insulation with a single-layer fastening. Isover insulation holds its shape well, does not sag or cake for many years. Sheets of various thicknesses are used to insulate roofs, floors, walls, partitions and ceilings.

Thermal insulation from Isover mineral wool in rolls. Izover insulation is a very convenient option for laying along joists, thermal insulation of pipelines and other non-flat structures, as well as for seamless installation with a large insulation area.

Solutions for ventilated facades. “VentFasad Verkh” slabs are light and thin, with high thermal protection. Izover insulation allows you to double the installation speed and reduce the number of fasteners by 40%.“VentFasad Bottom” slabs eliminate the formation of air pockets due to the increased elasticity and elasticity of the fibers that fit tightly to the wall.

You can order Isover mineral wool from us by placing an order through the online store or by calling us at the number listed on the website. We will be happy to advise you during business hours.

The Isover trademark belongs to the international corporation Saint-Gobain. This is the only brand in the country that produces materials based on fiberglass and basalt.

The brand's product line is wide and includes special solutions for private and industrial needs. The insulation has high thermal insulation qualities and is in consistently high demand. Over the 20 years of presence on the market of our country, it has won the trust of consumers and many positive reviews.

Characteristics and scope

The material is produced in slabs and rolls and is characterized by high thermal efficiency, elasticity, density and light weight. Refers to non-combustible materials.

The main competitors in the mineral insulation market are Ursa, Izovol, Rockwool, Parok, Knauf. Isover mineral wool has a wide range of applications in general construction work. For industrial work, the Izover company produces insulation under the Isotek brand.

Isover is used for the following types of work:

• roof insulation;
• ventilated facade systems, multi-layer walls;
• for sound insulation of internal partitions;
• in industry - for insulation of pipelines, ventilation, etc.

Isover, like other insulation, has its advantages and disadvantages.

The advantages of Izover include:

1. Ease of transportation and storage - the manufacturer compresses the insulation 5-6 times when packaging it. Izover restores its shape 100%.
2. Product lines with different technical characteristics are intended for different areas of construction. For example, Isover Sound Protection or Isover Pitched Roof.
3. High elasticity. The insulation is superior to other mineral wool in this indicator, thanks to the special TEL technology with which it is produced.
4. High energy efficiency - 5 cm of mineral wool is equal in thermal conductivity to 1 m of brickwork.
5. Refers to non-combustible materials. The use of mineral wool for thermal insulation of a house does not increase its fire hazard class.
6. Noise protection. Due to the fact that there is air between the fibers of the insulation, it does not transmit sounds well.
7. The warranty period declared by the manufacturer is 50 years.
8. Resistant to biological and chemical influences.
9. Light weight – 28-60 kg/m3.
10. Convenient to work. To insulate the surface, you just need to roll out the roll.
11. Does not shrink during use.
12. Environmentally friendly material. Holder of the EcoMaterial Absolute eco-label and ISO 14001:2004 international environmental management certificate.
13. Heat resistant.
14. High density and rigidity, which allows you to install insulation without additional fasteners.

The disadvantages of Izover include:

1. The soft structure of wool limits its scope of application.
2. Absorbs moisture well. A ventilation gap is required during installation. If this is not done, the cotton wool can become saturated with moisture and lose its technical characteristics, and even freeze completely in winter.

It is important to know: During installation, it is necessary to use personal protective equipment - dust from mineral wool fibers is very caustic and can cause irritation to the skin and eyes.

Stamps

Isover's lines of thermal insulating products include several dozen items and are designed to solve specific problems. They all differ in delivery form, thickness, density and size.

Note: Since all brands have the same base, they are interchangeable.

For general construction work

Izover Profi. A universal material with increased elasticity. Provides the highest level of thermal protection among the brand's retail materials.

Supplied in rolls, plate thickness – 50, 100 and 150 mm. Does not require additional fasteners during installation; can be installed by surprise. Received positive reviews from builders.

Used for insulation and sound protection:

• external walls inside and outside the house;
• pitched roofs;
• interfloor ceilings;
• frame walls;
• internal partitions;
• ventilated facades.

Classic. Supplied in rolls, material thickness – 50 mm. Can be installed by surprise.

Application area:

• insulation of suspended ceilings;
• interfloor ceilings - the material lies between the joists;
• attic spaces.

Isover Classic stove. The shape of mineral wool is slab. Size – 610*1170 mm, thickness 50 and 100 mm. Packaging 5 and 10 m2.

Application area:

• insulation of frame walls;
• insulation of walls from the inside;
• insulation of ventilated facades.

Isover kl 34. The release form is a slab with a thickness of 5 and 10 cm. Does not require additional fasteners during installation.

Application area:

• ventilated facades;
• frame walls.

Isover kl 37. Release form: plate. It is used for insulation and sound protection of roofs and interfloor ceilings.

Isover kt 40. Double layer roll material. Thickness – 10 cm, each layer is 5 cm. Used for insulation of horizontal planes.

Isover Sauna. Supplied in rolls, mat thickness 50 and 100 mm. The main feature is the presence of a vapor barrier layer. Suitable for rooms with high humidity. Refers to moderately flammable materials. It is used for insulation of walls, floors and ceilings in baths and saunas.

Izover Uteplyaev. Universal mineral wool, available only for Siberia and the Far East.

Special solutions

The Izover product line includes special insulation materials with characteristics optimized for solving specific problems.

1. Isover Pitched Roof. Has increased moisture resistance.
2. SoundProtection. Provides a high level of noise protection.
3. Frame P32. Designed for insulation of frame houses. Provides savings on heating costs of up to 25% compared to the basic product.
4. Frame M40-Al. Min cotton wool with one side aluminum coating. Created for wet areas, can be used without additional finishing.
5. Izover Plaster Facade. The material is of high density and has low vapor permeability.
6. Vent Facade Top and Vent Facade Bottom. They are used for two-layer insulation systems for ventilated facades.
7. Floating Floor. Designed for insulation and sound insulation of floors. Has increased elasticity and density. It is made using tongue-and-groove technology.
8. Isover OL-P. Special solution for flat roofs. Has ventilated grooves to remove moisture. Made using tongue-and-groove technology, which increases the tightness of the mineral wool layer.

Basalt insulation

In addition to fiberglass slabs, under the Izover brand, they are produced based on stone fibers.

The main technical differences of basalt wool:

• higher price.
• basalt wool is more durable.
• stronger and denser than glass wool.
• less elastic, more brittle.
• higher moisture resistance and heat resistance.
• Available in slabs.
• lower compression ratio means transportation is more expensive and takes up more storage space.

Expert advice: basalt insulation is recommended for use in places with higher loads, because it has higher density.

In fact, the line of this mineral wool is not much different from fiberglass-based materials:

• Isover Optimal. Supplied in slabs of 50 and 100 mm thickness. Designed for insulation and sound protection of pitched roofs and ceilings.
• Light. Designed for frame structures, has increased elasticity. Mineral wool is supplied in slabs with thicknesses of 50 and 100 mm.
• Acoustic. Sound absorption class "A".
• Isover Ruf V, Ruf N. Designed for flat roofing.
• Isover Flor. Supplied in slabs with thicknesses of 30, 40 and 50 mm. Reduces impact noise by up to 35 dB.
• Isover Plaster. Used for plaster facades.
• Isover Facade-Master. Used for insulation of plaster facades. The thickness of the slabs is 30, 50, 100 and 150 mm.
• Venti. It is characterized by increased vapor permeability.
• Isover Standard. Used in multi-layer masonry.

It is impossible to say clearly which insulation is better, stone or glass wool. Both types have advantages and disadvantages - the choice depends on the conditions of use of the insulation and the requirements for it.

Today Izover is the most popular mineral wool in the domestic building materials market. With its diverse product line, high quality and affordable price, it receives the best reviews from consumers. According to many builders, it has the best price-quality ratio among its competitors.

Watch the video explaining the features and advantages of Izover insulation: