Modern world. Zygmunt Bauman: the concept of fluid reality and its applications

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It is customary to scold each new generation, because it must necessarily be worse than the previous one, drag the world to the bottom and have simply a minimum number of bright minds - you know, this is already a centuries-old tradition of the older generation. But today’s youth, who were first born with a smartphone in their hands and the Internet in their minds, are so strikingly different from all their predecessors that they can’t even scold them. It's just wildly incomprehensible!

We are in website decided to study what makes young people connected with the World Wide Web from birth stand out so much.

Hype rules their world

“They come into an environment and arrange it for themselves. My favorite is that they will soon collide with government institutions. Oh, I wouldn’t want to be in the shoes of these very institutions. They're *finished."

Nikita Shirobokov

They don't care about school

It's hard for them to hang their hats on their ears

Previously, people believed in authorities. They believed their parents, they believed their teachers. Today, it is sometimes difficult for the average teacher to compete, so to speak, with a student. After all, he can check any information in a tenth of a second and prove exactly the opposite. In general, checking the information received is the motto of young people. You will be able to deceive them only if you get a particularly tough representative of the generation.

They have clip thinking

What technology has affected most is thinking. If the older generation taught, the modern generation Googles. Yes, perhaps because of this, the knowledge of the majority is superficial, and their thinking is clipped, but they always have the most up-to-date information. And it’s worth noting that they work very well with it, which helps them cope with their tasks much more efficiently. And considering the speed at which the modern world is moving, the winner in the end will still be far from the “old generation” with its “But we remembered!”, the very meaning in subcultures in modern world simply disappeared, and there are two main reasons for this:

What do we end up with? A crowd of open-minded, stereotype-free, multitasking, pragmatic, rapidly developing hype young people with a creative mindset. And you say that they are dragging the world down?

“If you want to live, know how to spin.” Life in the modern world akin to an endless race. The time we live in is a time of accelerated pace of life. Quickly take a shower, quickly eat a sausage, and run to work. Everyone runs at work too. Time must be saved, time is money.

Time, money and everything that money can buy are the most important values ​​in modern society.

Until recently, almost yesterday, our parents lived completely differently. Their life was predictable and planned. The value was respect in society, a board of honor. Could they imagine how quickly and dramatically life would change?

So what has changed?

Humanity is constantly evolving. We have entered the skin phase of development, the values ​​of which are complementary to the values ​​of a person with a skin vector. Life in the modern world is completely different than 50 years ago.

A skinny person is rational and pragmatic, fast and dexterous, the best earner, a born entrepreneur, an ambitious careerist. He is flexible in every sense of the word. He feels the rhythm and intuitively determines the time. A watch is his traditional accessory. They symbolize his value - time. Of people, mental properties and innate desires are determined as a skin vector, about 24%.

It was the rational skinned man, always cutting corners, not wanting to waste time avoiding ponds and cliffs, who built the bridges. It is the skinned person who has always introduced innovations into people’s lives that make their lives more convenient and save time. This is one of the specific roles of the skinner.

Life in the modern world is comfortable for humans. Just yesterday, some 100 years ago, this was not the case. It was the transition to the skin phase of development that led to the rapid flourishing of industry, producing everything that allows us to spend less time and consume more.

Procuring food and hunting is another specific role of a person with a skin vector. This is how it was in society primitive people, where each member of the tribe fulfilled his specific role - otherwise there was no way to survive.

Saving time, rationality, pragmatism, and production, production, production for the sake of consumption - all these are the values ​​of the skin person, and the collective values ​​of humanity in the skin phase of development.

Life in the modern world - what is success?

Success in the modern world is considered financial well-being and high social status. It is the person with the skin vector who strives for high social status and material advantage. This is his value. The one who can consume the most is now considered successful.

If you ask the average person about his goals, desires and plans, they will turn out to be material and related to consumption. Buy a house, apartment or car, visit a country or make repairs. Goals are considered to be what is associated with production and consumption.

Open any book about success - the word “success” means money. The word “goals” means material values ​​that can be purchased with money.

Any success training says the same thing: “Set yourself goals,” as if achieving these goals is success. Have you ever wondered why these trainings don’t work? Why do most people never do what they are taught in training? Why do some of them turn out to be completely unadapted to life in the modern world?

The answer is simple - the values ​​of the skin phase of development correspond to the values ​​and desires of the skin person. Such a person does not need success training - guided by his innate desires and aspirations, he achieves success himself, thanks to his mental properties.

And it will really bring him, a person with a skin vector, satisfaction, joy and happiness, material and social advantage. This is his value. He will feel that he has been fulfilled in this life. But this is not the value of other people who do not have a skin vector.

And a person, for example, with an anal vector, no matter how many success trainings he goes through, will never strive for the same thing. And even if it does, it will not bring him happiness and joy, since his innate, true desires will not be satisfied.

The era of consumption. Consumption as the meaning of life

“If you have achieved one goal, set the next one – higher and bigger,” say success coaches. “And you will be happy,” they mean. And for many, material goals are borrowed desires.

Life in the modern world, the world of consumers, provides many opportunities for comfortable, interesting life. These possibilities are endless, but they require money. There is no way to live for free. For all the delights of modernity - the Internet, telephone, transport, comfort - you have to pay for everything. And if you want more, you need more money.

This is why the lives of many people have turned into a race for consumption.

Consumption in the modern world has become the meaning of life.

In the race for benefits, a person does not pay attention to his inner feelings - is he happy or not? Does he enjoy life or not? Is he satisfied with his life, or is something missing?

And this is perhaps the biggest trap of our time. If a person does not realize his mental properties, if he does not satisfy his innate desires, if, in other words, he does not fulfill his calling, his species role, then he will inevitably experience frustrations - unconscious internal shortcomings. This results in internal tension, which accumulates over the years and turns into hostility towards everyone and everything.

A person with deficiencies does not feel joy and satisfaction from life in the modern world, no matter how attractive it may be and no matter how much he consumes. He doesn’t understand what’s wrong – it’s unconscious dissatisfaction.

This is similar to dissatisfaction in sex. By the way, about sex. In the modern world, it has also turned into a consumer one.

“I feel good with you, give me your phone number” – sex consumers

We won’t talk about sexy users and pick-up artists, although there are a dime a dozen who want to become such.

We'll talk about the general trend. About the fact that meeting someone in a bar and immediately going to bed is now normal. One-time or several-time sex is a reality. Meeting (maintaining a relationship) with a girl (guy) in order to have sex is also a natural part of our life in the modern world.

We use each other to consume sex. Even single women are looking for partners not to create relationships, but for sex, “for health,” as they say.

Nobody considers a girl who often changes sexual partners to be a whore, as it was before. Frequent changes of partners have entered the range of sexual acceptability in the modern world.

The roots of this phenomenon are the values ​​of the skin vector. Having a balanced, not too strong libido, a person with a skin vector chases the factor of novelty. He is no longer excited by the partner to whom he is already accustomed. He seeks new sensations by changing sexual partners.

The sex consumer does not need commitment, relationships, love. He doesn’t care about the person next to him, he “consumes” him. He needs sex, new experiences, pleasure, fulfillment own desires. And there is a big catch in this too.

By consuming sex, a person loses that feeling of intimacy of what is happening, closeness, excitement, satisfaction that full intimacy can give. Life in the modern world is different in that feelings, sensuality and sensitivity are dulled, the desire for sex ceases to be huge and exciting the imagination. Easily accessible sex ceases to be something so passionately desired and bringing intense pleasure.

Surprisingly, such consumer sex eventually ceases to bring sexual satisfaction. As a result, private and collective sexual frustration is growing in society. And we have more and more homosexuals, pedophiles, etc.

Life in the modern world - is happiness possible?

We live in amazing times. It is really very interesting, it really gives us a lot of opportunities for enjoyment and fulfillment, for creating successful relationships and happiness in every sense of the word. Life in the modern world is an adventure for each of us.

In order for this adventure to be joyful, and not difficult and stressful, you need to fulfill your own, innate (healthy) desires, realize your own mental properties (vectors).

Innate mental properties and desires are hidden in the unconscious. The modern world, full of new discoveries, research and achievements, presents us with System-vector psychology. Thanks to this knowledge, you don’t need to spend many years searching for yourself, understanding your purpose, trying to understand your true desires. This can be done in the shortest possible time.

... Our ancestors could not even imagine what constitutes our reality. Likewise, the future of our descendants is hidden from us - no one knows what will happen next. One thing is clear - the development of humanity will continue...

The inhuman world in which modern man lives forces everyone to wage a constant struggle with external and internal factors. What's happening around ordinary person sometimes it becomes incomprehensible and leads to a feeling of constant discomfort.

Daily Sprint

Psychologists and psychiatrists of all stripes have noted a sharp surge in anxiety, self-doubt and a huge number of different phobias among the average representative of our society.

Life modern man passes at a frantic pace, so there is simply no time to relax and escape from numerous everyday problems. The vicious circle of running a marathon at sprint speed forces people to race against themselves. Intensification leads to insomnia, stress, nervous breakdowns and illnesses, which has become a fundamental trend in the post-information age.

Information pressure

The second problem that modern man cannot solve is the abundance of information. A stream of various data falls on everyone simultaneously from all possible sources - the Internet, mass media, press. This makes critical perception impossible, since internal “filters” cannot cope with such pressure. As a result, the individual cannot operate with real facts and data, since he is unable to separate fiction and lies from reality.

Dehumanization of relationships

A person in modern society is forced to constantly face alienation, which manifests itself not only in work, but also in interpersonal relationships.

Constant manipulation of human consciousness by the media, politicians and public institutions has led to the dehumanization of relationships. The exclusion zone formed between people prevents communication, looking for friends or a soul mate, and attempts at rapprochement from the outside strangers very often perceived as something completely inappropriate. The third problem of 21st century society - dehumanization - is reflected in popular culture, language environment and art.

Problems of social culture

The problems of modern man are inseparable from the deformations in society itself and create a closed spiral.

Cultural ouroboros causes people to withdraw even more into themselves and move away from other individuals. A typical expression of the processes of degradation of public self-awareness can be considered modern Art- literature, painting, music and cinema.

Films and books about nothing, musical works without harmony and rhythm are presented as the greatest achievements of civilization, full of sacred knowledge and deep meaning, incomprehensible to most.

Crisis of values

The value world of each individual can change several times during his life, but in the 21st century this process has become too fast. The result of constant changes is constant crises, which do not always lead to a happy ending.

The eschatological notes that creep into the term “crisis of values” do not mean a complete and absolute end, but they make us think about the direction in which the path should be taken. Modern man is in a permanent state of crisis from the moment he grows up, because the world is changing much faster than the prevailing ideas about it.

Man in the modern world is forced to drag out a rather miserable existence: thoughtless adherence to ideals, trends and certain styles, which leads to the inability to develop one’s own point of view and position in relation to events and processes.

The widespread chaos and entropy that reigns around should not be frightening or cause hysteria, since change is natural and normal if there is something constant.

Where and from where is the world heading?

The development of modern man and his main paths were predetermined long before our time. Culturologists name several turning points, the result of which was modern society and man in the modern world.

Creationism, which fell in an unequal battle under the pressure of adherents of atheology, brought very unexpected results - a widespread decline in morals. Cynicism and criticism, which have become the norm of behavior and thinking since the Renaissance, are considered a kind of “rules of good manners” for moderns and elders.

Science in itself is not the raison d'être of society and is unable to answer some questions. To achieve harmony and balance, adherents of the scientific approach should be more humane, since the unresolved problems of our time cannot be described and solved like an equation with several unknowns.

Rationalization of reality sometimes does not allow us to see anything more than numbers, concepts and facts, which do not leave room for many important things.

Instincts versus reason

The main motives for the activities of society are considered to be the inheritance from distant and wild ancestors who once lived in caves. Modern man is just as tied to biological rhythms and solar cycles as he was a million years ago. An anthropocentric civilization only creates the illusion of control over the elements and one’s own nature.

The payback for such deception comes in the form of personal dysfunction. It is impossible to control every element of the system always and everywhere, because even your own body cannot be ordered to stop aging or change its proportions.

Scientific, political and social institutions are vying with each other about new victories that will certainly help humanity grow blooming gardens on distant planets. However, modern man, armed with all the achievements of the last millennium, is not able to cope with a common runny nose, like 100, 500 and 2000 years ago.

Who is to blame and what to do?

No one in particular is to blame for the substitution of values ​​and everyone is guilty. Modern human rights are both respected and not respected precisely because of this distortion - you can have an opinion, but you cannot express it, you can love something, but you cannot mention it.

Stupid Ouroboros, constantly chewing his own tail, will one day choke, and then there will be complete harmony and world peace in the Universe. However, if this does not happen in the foreseeable future, future generations will at least have hope for the best.

The existence of the field and subject of computer science is unthinkable without its main resource - information. Information- one of the most complex, not yet fully discovered, even mysterious areas of modern science. Understanding information as one of the main strategic resources of society, it is necessary to be able to evaluate it from both a qualitative and quantitative perspective. On this path there are big problems due to the intangible nature of this resource and the subjectivity of perception of specific information by various individuals in human society.

Term information comes from the Latin informatio, which means explanation, information, presentation. From the position of materialistic philosophy, information is a reflection of the real world with the help of information (messages). A message is a form of presenting information in the form of speech, text, images, digital data, graphs, tables, etc. In a broad sense, information is a general scientific concept that includes the exchange of information between people, the exchange of signals between living and inanimate nature, people and devices.

Information is the result of reflection and processing in the human consciousness of the diversity of the surrounding world; it is information about objects surrounding a person, natural phenomena, and the activities of other people.

Computer science considers information as conceptually interconnected information, data, concepts that change our ideas about a phenomenon or object in the surrounding world. Along with information, the concept is often used in computer science data. Let's show how they differ.

Data can be considered as signs or recorded observations that for some reason are not used, but only stored. When it becomes possible to use this data to reduce uncertainty about something, the data turns into information. Therefore, it can be argued that information is the data used.

Existing in modern science definitions of information reveal certain properties of this complex and polysemantic concept: information is communication and communication, during which uncertainty is eliminated (Shannon), information is the transfer of diversity (Ashby), information is a measure of the complexity of structures (Mol), information is the probability of choice (Yaglom) etc. Research is being undertaken into the patterns of information processes and technologies and laying the theoretical foundations of a new branch of knowledge - information science, where one of the authors states “The world is informational, the Universe is informational, primary is information, secondary is matter.”

Information, which makes up the triad of the most important characteristics of the world around us, along with matter and energy, has some unique features:

    information itself is as abstract a concept as the concepts of mathematics, but at the same time it reflects the properties of a material object and cannot arise from nothing;

    information has some properties of matter; it can be received, stored (recorded, accumulated), destroyed, transmitted. However, when transmitting information from one system to another, the amount of information in the transmitting system remains unchanged, although in the receiving system it usually increases (this feature of information saves a professor who transfers his knowledge to students from becoming an ignoramus),

    information has one more unique property in any sphere of knowledge (socio-political, scientific, general cultural, technical) it is the only kind resources, which in the course of the historical development of mankind not only does not deplete, but constantly increases, improves and, moreover, contributes to the effective use of other resources, and sometimes creates new ones. The last property of information is important to take into account when shaping the development paths of the people Russian economy, since the attraction of qualitatively new information and new technologies provides an intensive path of development, and the build-up of additional material resources, volumes of labor, energy without the use of new information will lead Russia to an extensive dead end.

The main thing is that information is an object, a means and a product of labor. Specific gravity information as a subject of labor became higher than material and energy resources, and the main indicator of the country’s power became the information resource, i.e., the amount of knowledge that the country has. This indicator brought the USSR to the number of world powers and it is this resource that is being depleted in our country every year.

The world is drowning in a colossal amount of information over the past 30 years, its annual growth has increased more than 15 times. Even a new term has appeared - the “waste paper effect” - 85% of journal articles are never read. It is easier to rediscover something, scientists say, than to find the necessary information in this ocean of books, magazines and articles. At the beginning of the 90s, the US government annually wrote about 1 billion letters, spent about 1.5 billion dollars, published about 2.6 million pages of documents; Up to 1,500 billion dollars were spent on maintaining employees employed in the management apparatus!

The most promising way out of the information impasse is provided by modern computing technology, which with each new generation increases the speed of information processing at a surprisingly high rate; if over the last hundred years the speed of movement has increased by 10 2 times, then the speed of communication has increased by 10 7, and information processing by 10 6 times.

Modern society gives rise to new, previously unknown social problems related to information. The process of “computer” alienation of a certain group of the population, the social division of society, is becoming more and more intense. Layers of the “information aristocracy” are being formed, a kind of brotherhood of initiates, the “information proletariat”, which includes a large group of workers engaged in the technical support of information processes, and consumers of information services, in whose hands the information business is concentrated.

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