Many craftsmen have developed their own methods of wood processing, many years of experience working with machines and this makes it possible to significantly reduce the process. To obtain quality material, saw on band sawmill it is necessary to take into account all factors, observing the rules of operation of the device.

Calculation features

The log is installed in guide rollers and secured in clamps. The amount of material obtained is calculated based on the diameter of the log. Correct calculation of the type and quantity of material also affects its quality.

An experienced sawyer, looking at a log, is already able to determine all the parameters of the future material, immediately find the butt part and the top of the log. The diameter of the butt part is larger than the apex. The thickness of the slab depends on the accuracy of the calculation.

The diameter of the log must be measured from the top. Further actions of the wizard:

There are practically no perfectly straight trunks. Therefore, you need to carefully examine all the bends and bulges.
Turn the log so that the minimum amount of waste in the form of a slab is obtained.
When installing a log, you must make sure that it moves freely in the guides.
On the ruler of the sawmill, set the dimension according to the diameter of the log plus maximum height bulges.
The size of the convexity is determined by the difference in the diameter of the butt part and the top.
The size of the highest part is measured with a tape measure, and the measurement of the material dimensions begins from the result obtained.
The master must take into account the cut size of 2–5 mm.

Turning a log

When the remaining height of the log approaches the right size it is turned over. If you need to get a beam with a thickness of 150 mm, the sawn width and the remaining height of the log should be slightly larger than this size, taking into account the slab.

When the log is turned over, the remaining height after the cut is made is measured, and the material is calculated until this size is completely used.

Calculation example:

The remaining height of the log after cutting is 270 mm. The goal is to obtain a beam 150 mm thick: 270–150 = 120 mm.
From 120 mm it is necessary to obtain a block of 50 mm: 120–60–3=57 mm. A value of 3 mm is given for the cut.
Tesina 25 mm: 67–25–3=40 mm.
Humper 25 mm: 40–25–3=12 mm.
Croaker 12 mm.

Further production of lumber is achieved by turning the log at an angle of 90 degrees and similar calculations. One of the common mistakes is that the cut allowance is not taken into account or is added large quantity once. The master needs to be careful.

Cutting technology

The sawing technology is selected taking into account the type of wood, the size of the log, design features sawmills.

Quality of source material

The efficiency of cutting depends on the quality of the raw material. First you need to evaluate the wood and sort the logs. Sorting is carried out by appearance logs Main features:

curvature;
false nucleus volume;
number of knots;
diameter.

The log is divided into 4 equal sides. A clean edge is considered to be one that does not have knots, cracks, rot, scars, chips, or damage from insects. From here the lumber itself is obtained High Quality.

Logs intended for sawing must be stored according to the requirements. The sooner after cutting a tree a log goes into sawing, the easier it is to work with. When the raw material is dry, the saw may wave, and the thickness of the boards will change. The most valuable wood is on the outside of the log; the quality decreases towards the center.

Sawing methods

During the sawing process, you need to take into account the thickness of the board, compensation for the taper, and the turning of the log. Craftsmen can saw on a band sawmill in three ways.

Simple sawing

The log must be cut to the end to obtain unedged boards, but no turning is carried out. The method is simple and fast, but has disadvantages. The resulting boards must then be cut from the sides.

The lumber comes out of low quality with a lot of waste. The central boards crack easily; the method is suitable for working with low-grade wood.

Circular sawing

Having made a cut, the sawyer turns the log over to the other side, and so on in a circle until the remaining central part. For medium and premium grades wood raw material is the best way, but on separate sawmills it is difficult to turn the log over. Suitable for sawmills with hydraulics.

Sawing timber

The beginning of the cut is made in a circle, and the central part is left in the form of a certain size of timber. Sawing timber ensures maximum productivity of the sawmill; the method is used for sawing medium and low grade logs.

First cut

It is important to select the edge of the wood to be cut to begin processing. When sawing timber and circular processing Masters use 2 methods.

The worst edge must be cut first; the taper of the log is not taken into account. Taking this feature into account means tilting and lifting the log so that the saw works parallel to the bark. From this part will come short boards and a large amount of slab.

Since taper is not taken into account, from the best edge of the log sawing will proceed parallel to the bark without tilting or lifting, this approach will allow you to get a maximum of long boards of good quality.

Start by cutting the best edge of the log, but take into account the taper. That is, install the log so that the saw is directed parallel to the bark.

The result will be the same, but in the second method it is easier for the sawyer to choose the best edge, since it is visible. In the first method best part hidden and inaccuracies are possible when installing the log. If the wood being cut is of high quality, both methods work equally well. With lower quality raw materials it is better to use the second method.

Flipping the log

If the rotation is 180 degrees, we get unedged boards, requiring additional processing from the sides, and then the half-beam is sawn into edged boards.

With a 90-degree turn, unedged and semi-edged boards are obtained with the need for trimming on one side. The 180° flip sawing method will produce more valuable wide boards. But if the edger has only one saw, turning it 90 degrees is convenient.

After cutting the opposite edges, the worst of the remaining ones is cut first, but this option does not take into account the taper. But a high-quality edge must be sawed parallel to the bark, which increases the yield of high-quality lumber.

Common errors and fixes

Craftsmen are aware of a number of situations that negatively affect the material processing process.

When entering the material, the saw jumps up, but after that it works normally, and at the end the power drops. The reason is often a large sharpening angle of the teeth; it must be reduced by 5 degrees.

Entering the wood, the saw rises, then the craftsmen receive a crooked board. The reason is that the sharpening angle exceeds the norm, and the setting is insufficient. It is necessary to increase the sharpening angle by 4–6 degrees, and slightly increase the spread.

After diving, the saw goes smoothly; the sawyer cites several reasons: dullness of the cutting blade, small sharpening angle. If the tooth shape corresponds to the standard, the sharpening angle must be increased.

The saw goes with constant dives. Small sharpening angle with insufficient setting.

There is a large amount of sawdust on the surface of the boards, and the tooth spacing is increased.

Sawdust is hot and compressed - an underestimated divorce.

The cut is obtained in the form of a wave. If the saw is quite sharp, then the setting is insufficient. Settings that are too small sometimes cause the saw blade to break.

The canvas cracks at its trailing edge. The rear stops of the rollers, where the log lies, are located far from the rear edge. The distance must be set to less than 0.3mm.

Rolling sawdust onto the saw blade. The tooth set is small, the set needs to be increased.

Rolling sawdust onto inner surface teeth, there are none on the canvas. Poor sharpening of teeth (high feed speed, excessive metal removal). Additional reasons: the sharpening angle is large, the saw was used after the blade became dull.

After sharpening, the blade cracks at the tooth cavity. The geometry of the tooth is broken or the sharpening stone is carelessly loaded.

Setting up a sawmill

Selection of Coolant Solution

It is incorrect to saw on a band saw using water as a lubricant. It is better not to use lubricant until sawdust has been “rolled” onto the saw. If this happens, the optimal treatment is: 1/2 lubricating oil for chainsaw tires, 1/2 diesel fuel. The mixture is applied on both sides of the saw blade, but the amount of cooling solution is small.

This lubricant will extend the service life of sawmill pulleys and reduce the number of boards with traces of blooming.

Strain relief

The blade heats up during sawing, which causes it to stretch in length. After cooling, the tendency to contract begins. At this moment, overload occurs due to excess tension, and cracks may appear.

The blade remembers the shape of the pulleys; deformation of the pulley belts occurs, which can lead to vibration of the blade. The hump on the belts is jammed, ensuring self-centering of the saw. When stopping sawing, the tension on the saw must be removed.

Band saw routing

The optimal wiring is considered when there is a mixture of 2/3 sawdust and 1/3 air between the saw blade and the wood being cut. If 80% sawdust is ejected, the saw is set correctly.

If there is a lot of loose sawdust on the cut, and there are scratches on the surface of the board, the saw will move more than necessary. The saw functions jerkily. If the spread is insufficient, hot sawdust, tightly compressed, will remain on the surface of the boards during the sawing process; this situation has a detrimental effect on the saw. And after cutting the wood, waves will remain on the material.

Before cutting, the logs are sorted by diameter:

For a larger diameter, the spread increases, but it is performed only on 1/3 of the tooth from above.
For soft wood, the spread should be increased; sharpening should be done after preparing the equipment, with obligatory observance of the tooth shape.

The indicator of the divorce device works in a stressful mode and often goes astray, so constant checking is necessary.

Sawing speed

Increasing the sawing speed results in a cleaner cut, but the service life of the saw is reduced. If the quality of the cut decreases, it is necessary to reduce the feed speed. For the initial 5 minutes, the equipment operation indicator should not be more than 1/2 of the maximum value.

Preparing for work

During operation, the sawmill requires adjustment, checking all its important nodes. The most significant part of the device is the band saws.

Before starting work you must:

Check that parts and screw connections are securely fastened.
Lubricate rubbing surfaces.
Check the reliability of the grounding.
Turn on the electric motor Idling, check how the tape moves.
Check the installation of the band saw, adjusting if necessary.
To reduce the deflection of the saw blade, move the left roller 5–10 cm from the side borders of the tree.
Raise band saw over the log and check its reverse motion.
Check fastening protective covers saw, gear transmission, wedge repair transmission.

Video: Cutting methods

Blogger Egorov decided to make a bench from trimmed birch logs. The idea is generally not new. The only novelty is the method he used to make an even cut on the log. In this case, improvised means were used.

He created the simplest sawmill from a chainsaw, two boards and 6 screws. Perhaps he is not the first who has already made such a device, but there is currently no material about it on the Internet. It is not clear why no one makes such devices, but uses complex attachments.

A small, low-power chainsaw with a short bar was used. It is impossible to cut lengthwise with such a saw. The solution is obvious: either saw by eye, which is unsuitable for carpentry work, or make an alternative design using the tire mounting cover, which is parallel to the plane of the tire.

For this, 2 boards were taken, using self-tapping screws, a corner was made from them, which was screwed to the log. A chainsaw was placed on the corner. A wonderful even cut of the log was made along this unique guide.

The main work is done. Now you need to prepare 4 platforms for holes for attaching the legs on the cylindrical part of the block, make holes and insert 4 legs. For greater stability, you need to drill these holes at an angle. Twist drill with a diameter of 52 mm.

To prevent the legs from drying out and falling out over time, they need to be dried for several days and placed in the holes extremely tightly.

The second block can be used as a backrest.

Homemade sawmill from a regular chainsaw

A simple device for cutting round timber yourself is a chainsaw sawmill. Any DIYer who knows how to use a welding machine can make such a device.

The resulting device is easy to use, but regular chain sharpening will not work. But more on that at the end of the article.

The sawmill consists of the following components:

As you can see, the device is simple - let's start making it!

First of all, we make a frame with guides. Its dimensions:

We cut out the bed platform from sheet material and make a hole for mounting on the saw

Guides are made from steel water pipes. We weld them to the frame strictly at right angles.

We boil everything thoroughly

Drilling holes for saw bar clamps

To fasten the frame, we replace the standard nuts (in the middle) with elongated ones with welded washers.

We twist and fix the frame

We make clamps for tires. All sizes in the photo below

The clamp is not difficult to make, it consists of profile pipe and pressure plate. Clamp assembly

This is how the clamp works

We make a carriage. It is necessary in order to smoothly slide along the guides and lock in a given position. It sets the thickness of the future board. This is what the carriage looks like

The carriage consists of a round and rectangular pipes. We saw the pipes in half

From the rectangular one we select grooves for the round one, and assemble it on the guides

Scald

This is how the clamp is attached to the guides. The bolts are relaxed, the distance is set and tightened.

We make a support platform. It slides along the log and creates a supporting plane.

Support pad dimensions

We make blanks according to size, place them on a flat surface, and try on the saw blade.

We weld and clean the seams

For ease of use homemade sawmill– you need to make a handle. We make a handle from a pipe. For easy bending, we burn the pipe at the bending point. blowtorch

We bend according to the template

This is what the support platform with a welded handle looks like

We weld the support platform to the carriage. It is necessary to maintain the same planes of the saw bar and the support platform. To do this, lay an even, tight gasket. Chipboard is ideal.

We weld the parts. To strengthen, it is necessary to weld the stiffening corners

Assembling the device

The device for a manual sawmill using a chainsaw is ready!

Any construction project is incomplete without the use of wood. If you have logs, you can cut it into boards yourself. This way you can save money, and the log will go to work.

First you need to prepare the log for cutting. To do this you will need to remove the bark. The simplest and most effective tool for this purpose is considered to be a stapler. Because the scraper, when removing the bark, does not touch the tree.

To remove the bark, you can use a shovel or electric jigsaw. When using a shovel, you need to remove the bark “from yourself.”

There are three ways to cut a log. We will not consider one of them, namely, sawing obliquely. Since this method is used for specialized projects and developments.

Let's consider two methods that suit us: cutting logs lengthwise and crosswise

Cross cutting is used to produce parts in the form of disks or cylinders.

And the longitudinal method is used to dissolve logs into boards, bars, slats. For this purpose, many devices are used in production. We will look at how you can cut a log at home, on your own.

For cutting you can use:

Circular
Grinder with attachments

So, we have already removed the bark from the log, so we move on to the next steps:

We fix the log on the guides or bed
We saw off the slab on one side to get a smooth surface.
Turn the log over onto the bed with its flat side and remove the second slab
Next we cut the log into planks

How to cut a log into smooth boards and beams

It is quite difficult to cut wood straight along a log. After all, the same thickness must be maintained along the entire length. For this, there is special equipment that is attached to a log.

Many people make their own sawmill to cut logs at home.

How to make a home sawmill with your own hands

Let's consider the two most used manufacturing options sawmills.

Option one

We weld the frame from channels and profile pipes
We attach a saw with an electric or gasoline drive to a carriage with vertical feed
Attach a ruler to a vertical stand to make cutting onto boards as accurate as possible
Use a polished pipe or rod as a guide for the carriage; they are needed for the carriage to move vertically.
We install a screw in the bearing so that it moves the carriage when moving

With this option, it is the saw that is set in motion, on a specially attached frame, and the log remains in place. Chain Saw in this case, it will complete the task faster. If you plan to use a reciprocating saw, the process will take longer because it works in one direction.

Option two

We weld the frame from metal plates and squares
We attach the engine to the bottom of the frame
At the top we place a shaft with pulleys
We attach one or more to the shaft circular saws
We attach a guide from a square (metal) to the table
Feed the log by moving it forward and pressing it against the guides

Sawing logs into boards with a chainsaw is quite convenient and simple method woodworking. Thanks to the presence of various attachments, the master receives materials that have a smooth and even surface. It’s easy to make boards yourself; you don’t have to go to specialized stores.

The advantage of sawing logs with a chainsaw

The method of cutting logs using a chainsaw has several advantages.

The ability to work under any conditions - the chainsaw is not afraid of humidity, so specialists can cut logs during the rain; in this case, the equipment will not deteriorate.

High productivity - it is allowed to carry out woodworking throughout the day, but it must be taken into account that the power of the device must be at least 7 horsepower.

Autonomous device - the equipment runs on gasoline and does not depend on electricity, workplace mounted on any site where it will be more convenient to carry out the process.

Ease of use - the chainsaw is equipped with a soft start and adjustable chain rotation speed; these conditions ensure that beginners in this business obtain high-quality results.

The undoubted advantage is that the equipment costs much less than a small sawmill. During a breakdown, repairs are inexpensive and do not take much time.

Types of working attachments

Sawing logs with a chainsaw is carried out different ways, craftsmen work with wood along the grain, as well as across it. It all depends on what attachments are used in the chainsaw.

Attachment for longitudinal sawing

It is used for sawing logs lengthwise, the process takes place in a horizontal position. After work, the master receives the same thickness of the product. Finished materials are subjected, after which the boards are used in construction.

In appearance, the device is a frame small sizes, it is attached to the tire on each side.

Sawing with a lightweight attachment

The method is no different high performance, but is used quite often. The element is fastened on one side, but the workpieces are slightly uneven. Such materials are necessary for the construction of sheds or fences.

Drum debarker – debarker

With the help of such an attachment it is easy to dissolve the log; it works due to V-belt transmission. Attached to belts on both sides, special pulleys are used for this. The speed of rotation of the shaft depends on the size of the pulleys, so the performance of the attachment is easy to change.

This technology forces the master to carefully monitor each stage of the process; some specialists use an assistant during this cutting. But this option requires increased security measures.

Features of a homemade sawing option

It is easy to saw a log into boards using a homemade tool. Manufacturing the equipment is simple:

As a support, you need to use a frame from a school desk or a pipe with a cross-section in the form of a square, its optimal size is 20x20, more is allowed.
Build two clamps, mount a cross member with two holes for tie bolts at one end, and make a protrusion in the middle for the tire.
For longitudinal sawing When placing logs on boards, it is important to make a support frame; its width must be 7–8 cm less than its length.
Then two elements 10 cm long are welded to both sides, holes are made for the bolts, and a handle is attached in the middle for ease of operation.
After this, insert the clamps into the grooves, the tire is installed, and everything is carefully fixed.

To Work with homemade instrument It’s not difficult, for this you will need two goats, they will serve as a support, and you also need to prepare a metal strip or board, the element will be a guiding element. A log is placed underneath and the required height for work is adjusted.

Technique for sawing logs lengthwise

Longitudinal cutting is carried out using a horizontal attachment. In order to get even boards, it is important to use a specially prepared guide; its role is played by a metal lath or a high-strength board.

The difficult part in this process is making the first cut; for this you need:

Mount the leading ruler; it consists of two boards fastened together at an angle of 90 degrees.
Place the log on the supports and secure its position firmly.
Check if the log is level using a level.
Using self-tapping screws, secure the guide ruler to the supports.
Fix another guide in a horizontal position; the element will rest against the ground, but at the same time fix the log.
Saw the log.

During the second cut, specialists may not use a leading ruler; the resulting board will serve as a guide. The second cut is made perpendicular to the first.

Secrets of cross cutting

A crosscut saw is used to obtain firewood or decorative elements interior Sawing is carried out according to the following principles:

Place the log in a horizontal position on wooden supports, the height should be 0.5 m.
Clean it from the bark.
Using an ax or saw, make small marks along the entire length; they should be located at the same distance from each other.
Make a cut along the cuts.

No application required for cross cutting special devices or nozzles. An ordinary chain is perfect for such work, but its rings must be strong.

Safety precautions

When working with a chainsaw, you must follow safety rules; they will help you avoid injuries and unpleasant situations:

People, especially children, should not be allowed onto the work site.
When working with a circular saw, be sure to wear a special protective cover on it.
During the process of sawing logs, you should use protective equipment against sawdust and noise.
It is necessary to have a first aid kit with medications to treat the wound during cuts.
Do not pour gasoline into a heated tank of a chainsaw.
The chainsaw must be used only for its intended purpose; it is prohibited to turn it on at full power if it is not in use.
Installation of logs is carried out only on the right side.
When working with equipment, it is strictly forbidden to press it with force.

If you follow safety precautions, the work will not be difficult, and the result will be high-quality material without harm to health.

A chainsaw is a versatile piece of equipment that is easy to use. Its masters can use it on personal plot, in a private house. In addition to obtaining boards, it is used for repair work outbuildings And wooden elements decor. Big number You don’t need boards, just take a couple of logs.

Video: Sawing wood into boards with a chainsaw

Whatever construction you plan, you will definitely need wood materials. And all the work will cost much less if you prepare the lumber yourself. Therefore, in this article we will look at how to cut a log into boards yourself.

Sawing methods

To cut a log into boards, you can use one of three existing methods:

Along;
Across;
Diagonally - since this method is used extremely rarely (in specialized developments and projects), we will further focus on the first two methods.

Cross cut

It is carried out to obtain parts in the form of cylinders and disks.

Longitudinal cut

This type of dissolving of logs into boards, slats, beams is used. At the sawmills, furniture factories, procurement enterprises use many different devices. We will look at how to cut logs into boards at home.

For cutting at home, you can use a saw, an angle grinder with special attachments, or a circular saw.

Preparing for cutting

Before, , you need to remove the peel from it. This can be done with a sharpened shovel, scraper, or electric plane.

When using a shovel, the movements are done on your own.

It is believed that the most best result obtained when the bark is removed with a scraper - it does not affect the tree.

How to cut a log into boards

Options how to properly cut a log into boards, there are different ones. It all depends on your needs. The sawing technology itself is as follows:

The bark is removed (but this can be done at home later);
The log is fixed on the frame or guides;
One is sawed off to get a smooth surface;
Next, place a flat surface on the frame (table), fix and saw off the second slab;
They spread the entire log onto boards.

Cross cutting of logs

This is not difficult even for working at home. Place the log on the sawhorses or secure it to the guides. And you can saw off pieces of the desired size.

Longitudinal sawing of logs

The difficulty of such a cut is that the entire length of the log must be maintained at the same thickness. It is best to use special equipment for these purposes, which is attached to a log.

Sawing logs into boards at home

Many people make their own sawmill for sawing logs. Let's consider two main options for their manufacture.

Weld a frame from metal plates and angles and attach the engine to its lower part. Place a shaft with pulleys at the top. Then attach one or more circular saw blades to the shaft. Attach a guide made of a metal square or timber to the table. While pressing against the guides, feed the log and move it forward. If you use one saw, then you need to attach a ruler or apply markings to the surface of the table.
Weld a frame from a profile pipe and channels. or electric drive Attach to vertical feed carriage. To ensure that the cutting of logs into boards is as accurate as possible, attach a ruler to the vertical stand. Use a rod or sanded pipe to guide the carriage. They are necessary for the carriage to move vertically. Install a screw in the bearing that will move the carriage as it moves. Also, don't forget to prepare the log clamps.

When using the second option for work, it is the saw that is driven, on a specially attached frame. The log itself remains in place. If you use a reciprocating saw rather than a chain saw, the process will be a little longer because it only works in one direction.

How to saw a log into boards with a circular saw?

To cut a log lengthwise into boards, you can also use a circular saw. But you need to take into account the fact that the log can spin from side to side or jump.

To avoid the inconvenience associated with this, we advise you to attach a fin that will separate the future board from the log and prevent the log from swinging while sawing.

Tatyana Kuzmenko, member of the editorial board, correspondent of the online publication "AtmWood. Wood-Industrial Bulletin"

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