Interior doors are mandatory element in the interior, which helps in isolating rooms, distributing odors and noises. They're standing quality doors quite a lot, so those who are familiar with the manufacturing technology are especially lucky interior doors with your own hands, as this will make it possible to significantly save your money.
How to make a door with your own hands?
Kinds
Before we begin describing the manufacturing process, it is worth considering possible options doors. Plywood products are easy to make, but glass and wood are more difficult. This will require special equipment, as well as experience in carrying out the work. The main types of canvases for dividing rooms today are:
- Paneled interior doors are distinguished by excellent sound insulation and light weight. Making them with your own hands is not easy, since they have enough complex design and the technology for their creation is not very simple - they consist of:
- frames into which glass is inserted;
- and a panel, which is a shield, as shown in the photo.
- Panel interior doors can be called universal, as they are perfect both as entrance doors and for dividing rooms. They are made of panels lined with plastic or plywood. This type is a simple design, and is characterized by excellent quality and reasonable cost.
Types of coatings
Doors can be covered with the following types of coatings:
- lamination;
- coloring;
- veneering;
- and toning.
The simplest of them are painting and tinting.
For painting you will need one, and sometimes several layers of paint. Moreover, the quality of work directly depends on the types of paint used and the equipment used.
As for tinting, in this case a transparent or translucent varnish is used for coating. This method will help to perfectly convey the texture wooden base, as seen in the photo. But for soft wood this type of coating is undesirable, as it can leave small dents and scratches on the surface.
The lamination process consists of applying a plastic or paper film by pressing.
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Veneering consists of applying a film of wood, the thickness of which is 1 mm, to door leaf.
Tools and materials
To begin the production of paneled interior doors, you will need not only special knowledge, but also relevant experience. But there is such a type of product, for the manufacture of which you will need:
- screwdriver;
- kitchen knife;
- hacksaw;
- roulette;
- Coarser sandpaper.
As for materials, you will need to purchase:
- three boards 50 millimeters thick;
- 5 slats for the frame (2 longer and 3 short);
- Fiberboard, the amount of which depends on the size of the canvas;
- glue and screws;
- finishing materials, which are selected depending on the design of the future product;
- accessories to choose from.
Main stages
The least cost will be needed when reconstructing the paintings located in your premises. For this:
- remove them from the hinges and lay them flat on a surface, for example, a table;
- then remove all existing fittings, namely handles, hinges and, if there is a lock;
- Before starting the main work, you should decide what result you want to achieve and what product you will get as a result of your work. This may be a product with a solid door leaf, or it may be with a window frame, as shown in the photo;
- Having decided on what you will strive for, you can begin the main work. To begin with, in both the first and second options you need to remove all old paint, guided by the video. Suitable for this sandpaper or Sander. Putty is perfect for removing defects such as cracks, crevices and holes. You should also lubricate the surface with an antiseptic, which will help with further coating of the canvas with one of the liquid materials.
- We make markings guided by the video. To do this, take a ruler and a square, as well as a marker or pencil. It is necessary to make certain indentations on all sides of the canvas: more than 160 millimeters on top, more than 500 mm on the bottom, 105 mm on the sides;
- Now you need a drill. It is necessary to make 5-7 holes in the markings in the corners, taking into account a step of 3-5 mm. We cut with a hacksaw, making sure that the cut points are straight;
- After cutting, remove the resulting fragment and insert it lubricated with wood glue wooden slats between plywood. If the cardboard ribs get in the way, try breaking them out a little using pliers. You should not expect the glue to dry completely; immediately take a hammer and small nails and attach all the slats;
- Give the canvas original look will help decorative elements. If you have stencils and contrasting paints, now is the time to use them. Also great help vinyl stickers, which can be regularly replaced with new ones, thereby updating the design;
- If the doors are made of PVC, then the new kind They will be given a colored self-adhesive film. You can also simply paint them. acrylic paint, sold in cans. But before you start painting, it’s worth doing a test on the end;
- A glass door can be decorated using stained glass film, or painted with your own hands. For the second option, you can order a stencil according to your sketch and make a drawing on the glass. It is worth paying attention to the glazing beads that support the glass, as they periodically become loose and can lead to glass falling out.
Veneered interior doors, manufactured by the Vladimir Door Factory (VFD), have a well-deserved reputation as an elite product, which is due, first of all, to the materials and production technology.
Veneered doors are made from natural high-quality wood, MDF (medium density wood fiber), restructured wood veneer and finishing materials- glue, varnish, paints. All materials undergo strict and careful selection and are checked for compliance with quality standards and environmental regulations.
Veneered door design
The door may consist of a solid (solid, unglazed) panel or contain decorative elements and glass inserts, but, in general, it is a frame structure.
Glazed door panels consist of:
External frame made of softwood timber;
The elements filling it are strips of special cardboard, combined with each other in the form of a structure reminiscent of a honeycomb;
Inserts made of bars for inserting a lock;
Internal frame necessary for subsequent installation of glass filling of the glazed door;
Cladding made of MDF wrapped in veneer.
Blind door leaves have a similar structure, with the exception of internal frame under glazing.
Materials for door production
The raw material used to create the frame is pine wood, which has a strictly defined moisture level: no more than 7±1%.
To achieve a given moisture content, the manufacturer uses a special technological cycle in which the wood passes through a system of four drying chambers with front loading, any of which holds up to 50 cubic meters. m. raw materials. The chambers are equipped with reversible fans, humidification, cleaning and air conditioning systems. The process is automated; The accuracy of the specified indicators is achieved thanks to a system of sensor-controllers.
At the end of the drying process, the wood is moved to the cooling room, where it remains for the next 48 hours. This stage ensures the elimination of internal stresses in the lumber, due to which products made from it are reliable and extremely for a long time services.
MDF (medium density fibreboard), used to cover the base frame, is made from harder, hardwood wood. The board is produced in a highly environmentally friendly way - by hot dry pressing, with the addition of special binders that meet safety standards. This not only rids the material of the presence of harmful substances and components that are usually contained in MDF - phenol and epoxy resins- but also guarantees its increased density (850 kg/m3)
Produced like this MDF method maintains density, strength, strength and unchanged geometry for a very long time.
Honeycomb elements filling the inside of the door frame between the skins give the structure the required degree of rigidity, a hundred or more times greater than the rigidity guaranteed by other fillers. This is a high-tech material that provides super-strength and, at the same time, super-lightness of the structure.
Doors with such a filler are not only extremely durable and light weight (which reduces the load on the hinges), but also have excellent heat and sound insulation qualities.
The next design element is natural veneer. This is a thinly cut layer of wood that preserves its rich natural texture and color, which cannot be imitated by any technical techniques or tricks. Being securely glued to a base made of wood fiber board, this highly environmentally friendly and durable material does not flake, dry out or crack.
The application of veneer, as well as the assembly of the door frame, occurs using the previously mentioned method - hot pressing. Then the door leaf is formed in accordance with the specified dimensions and the ends are veneered.
Bringing it to perfection
The finished door leaf is milled along the contour specified by the template depending on the right type canvases. Each type has its own special milling method. It is then sanded by hand.
To make the latter as effective as possible, VFD specialists have developed a technology for step-by-step surface treatment, in which tools with different grain sizes are used in a certain sequence.
Finishing involves applying paints and varnishes. They are applied strictly by hand, and by craftsmen of the highest category, real professionals. The coating used is a Swedish two-component acrylic composition based on organic components “Becker Acroma”.
The varnish forms a thin but hard film on the surface of the door leaf, which has a high covering characteristic. It protects the tree from changes in humidity, preventing the wood from swelling or, conversely, drying out. In addition, a layer of varnish in in full Reveals the richness of wood color and texture, giving the doors a finished look.
Glazed doors are equipped with frosted Bronze glass, installed using six flexible gaskets that securely fix the glass and eliminate even the smallest vibrations. At the same time, the process of removing a glass unit, if the need arises, is very simple and does not present any difficulties.
The manufacturer has introduced a system for identifying performers, which makes it possible to detect “defect makers” and eliminate them from production operations. Thus, the greatest possible control over all manufacturing technologies is achieved. The marking of the performers is placed at the top or bottom - at the end of the door leaf.
The doors are packed in corrugated cardboard, wrapped around the top plastic film. Each door has a passport containing a description of the model, a section on warranty obligations, and recommendations for use.
Related door elements
No matter how good the door is, for its installation and successful long-term use such elements as a frame and trim are needed. Their production technology also has its own characteristics, which make it possible to achieve excellent quality characteristics products.
Box timber
The basis for door frame constitutes dry lumber (moisture content - no more than 8±1%); , ten-millimeter MDF and natural veneer.
The raw materials are connected by end splicing. To ensure successful registration, any defects exceeding the tolerance limits are removed. The lumber gets rid of knots, cracks, rot, etc. the workpieces are glued together and then brought to the established dimensions on four-sided planing machines.
MDF sheets are cut into blanks the right size, ideally corresponding to the specified parameters. Such precision was made possible thanks to the use of a special format-cutting machine.
Next, using hot melt adhesive, the MDF is fixed to the prepared lumber. This happens in a special workshop, on an automated line for lining molded products. The finished rough product is again processed by a four-sided planer, after which it again enters the cladding lines, but for wrapping in veneer.
The veneered timber is sent to the paint shop, where it undergoes finishing treatment - sanding, priming, varnishing.
Platbands and additional strip
Platbands and additional elements are made of profiled fiberboard, veneered and varnished similar to paint coating on the door leaf. To prevent damage, products are packaged in several layers of polyethylene.
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Often, choosing from a wide range door designs a person cannot choose a door that is ideal in all respects. Many people end up choosing one of the most functional models. Others decide to make wooden doors, fully meeting the owner’s requirements, independently.
Undoubtedly, having the skills of a carpenter is significant advantage. However, if desired, even a person without such experience, through diligence, improvisation and with the help of some instructions, is able to make the necessary structure.
Material for work
Popular and inexpensive material, suitable for making doors, are lumber from pine trees. The use of spruce is undesirable, since the structure of the tree is quite unstable and during processing a large number of knots and chips are formed.
Making beautiful and smooth doors from pine wood means, first of all, right choice and board preparation technology. It is necessary to choose lumber with an even structure, without obvious chips or flaws. You also need to pay attention to the color of the boards. The presence of some blue on the surface of the boards is direct evidence of gross violations in storage technology. The use of such boards is highly undesirable, since rotting processes will soon begin in them.
Board drying technology
For absolute confidence in the quality of the material used, and subsequently the entire door structure, after purchasing the boards must be additionally dried. This must be done even if appearance perfect. To do this, each of the boards is laid on a spacer that separates the bars so that they do not come into contact with each other in a warm room with low humidity.
The manufacture of wooden doors using such manipulations is necessary to remove excess moisture, which is necessarily located inside the wood fibers. If you miss this stage, mold will grow in the material, which will subsequently destroy the door made from such boards.
The place for drying wood must meet the following parameters:
- Air temperature not lower than 25°C;
- Low humidity level;
- Good ventilation.
Under such conditions, the drying stage takes about 1.5-2 months. However, this process can be significantly accelerated by using special cameras. In such rooms, the air temperature is pumped to about 50°C, but this value must not be exceeded.
Production of wooden doors in violation of technology and exceeding the permissible temperature regime during drying, it will entail the leakage of resinous substances from the wood, the main function of which is to bind wood fibers.
The drying chamber can be installed in any suitable location, be it a garage, warehouse or barn. In the process of such drying, lumber is laid in the same way as when drying without air heating.
Required tools and materials
For the manufacture of quality construction To effectively absorb noise and protect from cold, you must have the following tools:
- Set of dried boards;
- Fiberboard sheets;
- Insulation material;
- Wood glue;
- Roulette;
- Level;
- Plane;
- Chisel;
- Drill;
- Hammer with nails and screws;
- Sandpaper;
- Fraser;
- Door hinges.
As the technology for manufacturing wooden doors requires, one side of the door leaf must be made completely flat and covered with fiberboard, followed by laying insulation.
Fabrication
Based internal dimensions door frame, the dimensions of the future door are calculated. In addition, it is important to determine the size of the gaps at the top and bottom. When the measurements are made, it is necessary to cut a rectangle from a sheet of fiberboard that repeats the shape and dimensions of the future door. During the manufacturing process it is necessary Special attention pay attention to the corners. Their dimensions should be exactly 90°.
For standard box with dimensions of 200 * 90 cm, it is necessary to plan 2 boards to a thickness of 50 mm and a width of 110 mm. Since gaps are necessary for the door to move freely, the canvas should be planed to dimensions of 192*82 cm. For entrance structure panels are often used in the amount of 5 pieces. This allows the use of whole pieces of lumber.
Next, you need to cut 2 boards of 192 cm in length and 4 pieces of 72 cm in length. In addition, it is necessary to take into account studs measuring 50 mm on each side. When producing wooden doors, it is best to use a strictly symmetrical arrangement of panels. However, if it is necessary to create doors with asymmetrical shapes, the parts will be secured in the required place. This structure will not affect the functionality of the product. But do not forget about the 50 mm grooves.
During the test assembly of parts, if the elements match completely and there are no gaps in the grooves, the structure is assembled with gluing. If it is necessary to further strengthen the structure at the joints, you can drive in choppers 10 mm wide. After the glue has dried, it is necessary to level the structure until it is completely smooth.
When producing wooden doors, to secure the panels, you must choose suitable material, half as thin as the main one.
Making panels
These elements are cut from solid wood. The panel should fit tightly into the groove without leaving any gaps. One side should be completely smooth. The other, if desired, can be decorated with carvings or in any other way. The panels, in order to avoid subsequent deformation of the fiberboard sheet, during installation should be located at the same level as the main surface.
After checking the accuracy of the relationship of all parameters, the panels are secured using self-tapping screws, which are placed at an angle from the side of the subsequent lining of the fiberboard sheet. To add aesthetics, the finished product is coated with paints or stains.
Installation of hinges
The next step in making wooden doors with your own hands is installing hinges. One of the most popular are semi-hinged products. With their help, the door is installed by placing the door hinges on the axle from above in the open position.
Initially, the loops are marked on the end of the canvas and the box. The hinges themselves are attached to the canvas using self-tapping screws of suitable size. If distortions occur, it is necessary to adjust the position of the hinges. Otherwise, the structure will be subject to independent opening or closing.
Insulation
In most cases, the production of wooden doors also involves insulating them and ensuring sound-absorbing properties. To achieve this effect, it is possible to use external upholstery of the product. This is done by gluing the fiberboard canvas with a layer of foam rubber, retreating 10 mm from each edge. Subsequently, a decorative strip will be nailed onto these free strips. outer material. However, this option is more suitable for entrance doors.
Insulation interior fabric The easiest way to do this is by filling the voids under the fiberboard sheet with a layer of cotton wool or foam rubber.
Interior doors made of MDF received last years very widespread. After all, chipboard is a material containing urea-formaldehyde or phenol-formaldehyde resins, and wood is expensive, easily absorbs moisture, and is sensitive to fungal diseases. In addition, interior doors made of MDF look great, are relatively inexpensive, and also do not pose any danger to the health of people and pets - they can be installed both in the bedroom and in the children's room. Add here high strength and wear resistance, absolute inertness to environment and you will understand the reasons why MDF doors are popular.
The DEMFA company, as a manufacturer, has been producing interior doors from MDF since 1999. For painting we use only moisture-resistant polyurethane coatings, as well as high-quality patina and acrylic lacquer on water based. It is the concern for the health and wallet of the consumer that makes our products popular. The products of the DEMF company are represented by several model directions of door leaves, each of which can be further modified to suit your interior design. We are also engaged in the production of moldings and capitals, doors for the delivery of residential properties (construction doors).
We paint MDF interior doors in two basic colors: WHITE and CREAM. However, the client can choose any other shade from the RAL catalog, where 213 different colors are presented color solutions. The capital and other moldings can be painted in the same color. The DEMFA company does not recognize any boundaries in terms of interior design. It is also possible to weakly and strongly patina interior doors in various shades (basic - silver and gold) - it looks very impressive!
Since the production of MDF doors at DEMFA is carried out according to a weekly planning scheme, we fulfill even large wholesale orders very quickly. As a rule, the waiting period varies from one week to a month. Moreover, in our warehouse we have a large stock of the most popular items in two main colors (WHITE and CREAM) - if you are looking for standard solution for an office or home that will fit into any interior design, you can pick up the ordered interior doors almost on the day of order! In addition to standard models, we manufacture custom products:
- Not standard in height, width,
- painting and patination of sides different colour,
- full or partial patination of the door leaf and moldings,
- applying drawings to the door leaf using milling technology.
Many have watched and remember Anton Vasiliev’s film “You Can’t Forbid Living Beautifully,” which was released in 1982—everyone wants to live beautifully. And one of the components of such a life is the interior of our house or apartment, where interior doors that will not creak play an important role. We will talk about doors and their types below, and also watch the video in this article.
MDF door
A good piece of wood costs good money, and this is not always and not everyone can afford - the price of solid wood valuable species“bites” even in such a forest-rich country as Russia. Of course, there is a way out - this is the so-called “Canadian” - a slatted frame covered with fiberboard, which has a fairly attractive structure and is designed for painting.
But such a canvas will not create the effect of natural wood. Therefore, it is best budget option can be called MDF, especially with natural veneer from valuable species.
Suddenly, like in a fairy tale... 7 qualities
I can list at least 7 excellent qualities that doors and portals made from MDF have:
- MDF sheets do not react to changes in humidity and temperature, which is very important for rooms such as a bathroom. This means that they will not swell and, therefore, warp, and the canvas itself will always have a flat (not moved) plane.
- The construction market offers a huge range of doors, both in design and color. Here is perhaps the most big choice of all currently existing analogues.
- Such a canvas will never pull back the hangers, since the weight of an MDF interior door is too small and metal hinges they cope with it excellently.
- MDF belongs to the group of low-flammable materials, therefore such canvases are considered fireproof.
- Front covering of MDF, whether natural or artificial veneer or paints and varnishes, do not lose their color over time. That is, you are not afraid of abundance sunlight in the room, coming through the windows.
- They are extremely easy to care for Moreover, if necessary, they can also be washed with household chemicals.
- And finally, the cost of such a canvas compared to solid wood is quite low.
It should be noted that restoration of interior doors made of MDF is possible only if the panels remain intact, since they cannot be restored.
So what is MDF?
Medium Density Fiberboard (abbreviated MDF) is a medium-density fiberboard. But in the Russian language there is a transliteration - MDF, which is often deciphered as a finely dispersed fraction and this is quite true.
The boards are made from small wood chips, which are pressed under high pressure and at high temperature, which makes the material similar to chipboard or chipboard.
But:
- firstly, chipboard also uses large shavings along with wood chips;
- and, secondly, the instructions provide for the use of lignin as a binder for MDF.
But lignin is a purely natural substance (lignum in Latin means wood), which is found in the cells of vascular plants and in some types of seaweed. Therefore, the result is environmentally friendly pure material, without any chemical additives.
Note. In terms of technical qualities, MDF is superior to solid wood, since such boards are lighter in weight, resistant to temperature and humidity changes, and also have higher strength.
Door designs
Panel designs: on the left - panel, on the right - panel
The canvases that you see in the top photo, in fact, display all types of door structures and it is not at all necessary that they look exactly like that. It’s just that a paneled canvas consists of several parts, where instead of panels there can be glass. And the panel sheet is the continuous thickness of the entire door.
Paneled design: 1 - standing drawer; 2 - baguette; 3 - panel; 4 - upper and lower drawer
In the top photo you see the design on which they are made paneled doors from any materials. In the case of MDF, glass is often inserted instead of panels, and the base is made from a solid MDF profile.
Panel fabric: 1 - MDF; 2 - veneer; 3- honeycomb filler; 4 — wooden frame; 5 - reinforcing elements
Panel doors are wooden frame, covered with MDF panels, which can be different types. This design can serve as a bathroom or it can even be used as front door. Such a canvas can also be solid, but it can also be glazed, which is not uncommon for MDF.
All canvases or portals made from MDF may have several different surface— MDF can be veneered, laminated and painted. Of course, the most expensive doors will be those covered with natural veneer, and the most moisture-resistant ones will be those made of laminated panels.
But most easy repair can be done for painting canvases, since paint for interior doors made of MDF is sold in a huge assortment in any hardware store.
Caring for MDF
As I mentioned above, MDF is not afraid wet cleaning, but this does not mean that they can be washed running water- for this there is a damp sponge, which you can use to wipe the canvas with your own hands.
Also, you can use household chemicals, but provided that there are no abrasive substances, as this can damage the surface, leaving barely noticeable scratches, from which the background becomes dirty or worn out. But in 99% of cases, when purchasing MDF doors, they are accompanied by care instructions, which specifically list all possible means and cleaning methods.
Doors with fragments of glass or glazed throughout the entire upper part also need care, but this does not mean that you can clean the entire panel with the same product. For glass, you should use other compounds - usually these are the same preparations that you use when cleaning windows and mirrors.
Conclusion
If you are thinking about how to paint MDF, then I would like to remind you that this material is very similar to natural wood. Therefore, any paint and varnish compositions used for wood are appropriate here. Perhaps you have any ideas or comments, then please write about it in the comments.
