If not so long ago, work on the installation of electrical equipment in residential buildings could only be carried out if there was a project approved by the relevant authorities, but today, thanks to the decree of the Russian government on the abolition of outdated requirements for owners of houses and cottages, everything has become much simpler. Now electrical wiring in a bathhouse can be installed without a design or approvals. But at the same time, the main condition must be fulfilled - the installation is carried out taking into account the requirements of the PUE and other regulations, deviations are prohibited and can serve as a basis for refusing to connect the object to electrical networks.
The latest standards DBN V.2.5-2003 and DNAOP 0.00-1.32-01 prohibit the use of two-core cables for wiring (except for switches); now they must only be three-core with phase, zero working and zero protective copper wires. This applies to single-phase electrical wiring; three-phase wiring is almost never used in bathhouses and therefore will not be mentioned in this article.
DBN V.2.5-2003. PDF download
DNAOP 0.00-1.32-01. State regulations on labor protection. PDF download
Which ones exist? General requirements to the wiring in the bathhouse?
- The placement of lamps, switches and sockets should be carried out by zones, the breakdown is based on the requirements of GOST R 50571.12-96. In the first zone, it is strictly prohibited not only to install any electrical equipment, but also to lay cable lines. Furnaces for space heating are built here, washbasins, showers, etc. are installed. The second zone is the safest in terms of operating conditions for the equipment, it has the fewest restrictions and additional requirements. In the third and fourth zones it is allowed to lay cables with an insulation resistance of at least +170°C.
- To install electrical wiring in bathhouses, it is strictly forbidden to use universal flat wires (PUNP).
The fact is that state standards have not yet been developed for these wires; each enterprise has the right to use its own technical conditions (TU). As an objective market analysis shows, all PUNP wires according to specifications to one degree or another do not meet the requirements of GOST 22483-77, which regulates the electrical resistance of the conductor. The number of fires caused by these cables exceeds 65% of all emergencies caused by electrical equipment.
- , it is also advisable to install the light switch in the vestibule or recreation area.
GOST R 50571.12-96. PDF download
Prices for PUNP cable
PUNP cable
Step-by-step instructions for installing electrical wiring in a bathhouse
For example, we will consider the most difficult option, it can be significantly simplified taking into account the characteristics of baths and the requirements of developers.
Step 1. Connecting the input cable (power cable). It is fed into the panel from above and connected to the input machine. Cut-off parameters are calculated separately taking into account the total power of consumers. Specific tips are given later in this article. Blue and gray wires are connected to the input of the machine, yellow-green to the ground bus.
Connecting the power cable. We install gray and of blue color. And the yellow-green wire goes to the grounding bar.
Step 2. If the panel has additional cut-offs for individual rooms or groups of consumers, then supply power to them. Standard position – entry from above, exit from below.
Electrical panel and wires coming from it in plastic boxes
Practical advice. In dry rooms better wiring mounted in ordinary plastic boxes; it is recommended to protect them in damp areas polymer pipes. This is not a categorical requirement of the standards, but recommendations from experienced electricians.
Step 3. Wire lighting and outlets in the washroom.
Keep in mind that the degree of protection of enclosures from moisture and dust must comply with the international standard of at least IP 44 in zones 2 and 3. Such an enclosure protects against the penetration of solid particles larger than one millimeter in size and does not allow leaks from drops falling onto the surface under any angle.
You can do the wiring using a VVGng 3×1.5 cable, stretch it to the junction box.
Connection diagram for VVGng 3×1.5 cable. The cable will be stretched to the junction box. The veins are marked
Place the two-core cable VVGng 2×1.5 into the switch, one core is connected to the upper terminal of the device, and the second to the bottom.
The VVGng 2×1.5 cable is lowered to the single-key switch. One core is connected from above, the other from below. The cores are marked L and Llight
Thus, in one position of the button the electrical circuit is broken, and in the second it is connected and the light bulb lights up. Before installing the switch, carefully inspect the housing; it indicates the position of the button when closing and opening the contacts. According to the standard, the light should turn on when the switch button is in the upper position. Another nuance is that a phase is always connected to the switch, not zero. This makes it possible to safely change lighting fixtures in the event of their failure without turning off the general circuit breaker.
The VVGng 3x1.5 cable is being laid to the installation site of the proposed luminaire. The veins are marked
Step 4. Run the cable from the box to the lamp; drill a hole in the wall and insert a piece of tube into it. It is recommended to fill the free space between the wires and the walls of the pipe with a special non-flammable composition.
A metal sleeve is inserted into the hole
Important. All cable passages to other rooms must be made only in metal pipe, it completely eliminates mechanical damage to cables.
In the box, connect the ends of the cables of the same color. It is important to know that not all manufacturers maintain standard cable colors; if this is your case, it is recommended to mark them during installation. This can be done using small stickers or colored markers.
If the lighting has its own circuit breaker, then at the last stage of wiring installation you need to connect its terminals to the power supply.
In the distribution board we connect the gray cable core to the bottom terminal circuit breaker. The blue wire to the zero busbar. Yellow-green to the grounding bus
Keep in mind that installing distribution boxes, switches and sockets in the steam room is strictly prohibited. This fittings are installed at the entrance to the room.
Step 5. It is better to use low-voltage lighting in the steam room, although this is not a mandatory requirement. 220 V lighting devices must have a special protected housing.
For low-voltage lighting, you need to install a step-down transformer and supply power to the light bulbs from it. The technical parameters of transformers should be selected taking into account the required output voltage and the total power of all consumers.
To reduce the voltage, a step-down transformer is used, which is selected in accordance with the required output voltage and the power of the connected lighting devices
Remember that it is very difficult for a transformer to operate at the limit; under such operating conditions it quickly fails. Always buy equipment with a power reserve; this approach increases the reliability and duration of operation of the devices.
Run a two-core cable from the transformer to the box, and insert the cables from the light bulbs and switch into it.
Laying a two-core cable to the junction box
Wire connection diagram in the junction box. The veins are stripped and marked. Next, the cable is lowered to the switch
Important. Lighting into the steam room is carried out only using a special heat-resistant cable; such requirements are specified in the current regulations.
Laying a heat-resistant PRKS cable to the intended installation location of the luminaire. The sleeve must be filled with a fireproof compound
Step 6. Installation of sockets. For them, you can also provide a separate machine in the distribution panel. It is allowed to install sockets only in zones 2 and 3; the housings must have protection of at least IP 44.
Installation of sockets and distribution boxes in the washing room is allowed only in zones 2 and 3
From distribution panel the VVG 3×1.5 cable is laid to the first junction box.
Further from it, the wire is fed to all the others; each room must have its own distribution box (Berman box). From the box, the wires are laid to the sockets, their ends are stripped and connected to the appropriate terminals.
After connecting, cover the outlet with the front panel.
Step 7 Connect all cable ends of the same color or with the same markings in the distribution boxes using terminal blocks.
Using terminal blocks instead of twisting is safer and more convenient
Important. If there are powerful electrical appliances in the bathhouse, they technical specifications may affect the cable cross-section. Carefully check the developed tables of the dependence of cable cross-section on current strength.
If the wires are located near electric furnaces, they must be protected with a metal pipe. But at the first opportunity, use other, safer ways to connect powerful thermal appliances.
Some modern heating elements have an automatic control and protection system, the connection of these devices should be made taking into account the attached manufacturer’s instructions.
Connecting the controller for the oven (temperature sensor)
Thermostat connection diagram. Terminals 1 and 2
Thermostat connection diagram. Terminals 3 and 4
Temperature sensor connection diagram. Terminals 6 and 7
The cores of the VVGng 4x1.5 cable are connected to the corresponding screw terminals. Lived Brown to the terminal marked L. Blue to terminal N. Gray - A1. Black - A2.
The lower terminals of the difavtomat are connected to two wires per terminal. One pair of wires is used to connect to the starter. The second pair is used to connect to screw terminals L and N. Cores with gray and blue colors A three-core cable VVGng, intended for powering the electric heater, is connected to the starter, and the yellow-green core is connected to the ground bus
Wiring diagram in the steam room and dressing room
After completing the installation, you need to charmingly ring the wiring and check the correctness and reliability of all connections
Prices for electrical panels
electrical panels
What electrical equipment can be in the bathhouse?
Energy networks issue, according to a simplified scheme, permission to connect no more than 15 kW per site; it is advisable to provide for the total power of consumers of electrical energy in the bathhouse and residential building in such a way that it does not exceed the specified limit. Otherwise, you will have to obtain special permission, but it is not always given. It is imperative that you order a project from specialized organizations that takes into account the existing reserve capacities of transformers, the parameters of installed lines, etc. Such work takes a lot of time and money, and the results are often unpredictable. As for single-phase or three-phase wiring, things are still much more complicated. Before making a final decision, it is recommended to visit the distribution zone and consult with responsible representatives of the organization.
What cables to use for wiring in the bathhouse
The diameter of the cables is selected based on the possible maximum power; there are special tables for this. For single-phase input, the wiring is done with a 2×16 SIP cable, for a three-phase SIP 4×16. Experienced electricians advise not to skimp on the cross-section of conductors; the difference in cost is insignificant, but there can be many problems.
- No one can ever accurately predict the total power of current consumers over the long term. Such situations cause overloading of the wiring and can cause fires.
- Cables should only be from well-known and trusted manufacturers. Non-certified products do not withstand the same cross-section of wires along the entire length; it fluctuates between 20–30% and only downwards. This means that if the cross section is indicated, for example, 10 mm 2, then in fact you should focus on 8 mm 2.
Prices for SIP cable
SIP cable
Video - About cables for baths
How many machines are required for a bathhouse?
A very complex and very simple question at the same time. From an electrician's point of view, more is better. This is their profit, they are trying by every possible means to increase it. The craftsmen will assure developers that protective electrical fittings are required for each room in the bathhouse, separately for sockets and all powerful consumers. There is no harm from a large amount of RAM, just as there is no benefit. In practice, it is enough to install one circuit breaker at the input; it is triggered when the rated load is exceeded or when a short circuit occurs. There is no need to protect each room and outlet separately. It should be understood that each connection also has its negative sides - due to poor-quality connection of the ends, the connection points heat up. And this can cause wiring malfunctions or fires in the bathhouse.
What is the best way to connect a bathhouse: underground or overhead cable?
There is no specific advice for all cases; each method has its own strengths and weaknesses.
| Connection type | Technical and operational features |
|---|---|
| Cables are used for aerial connection; the protection is made of special plastics resistant to hard ultraviolet radiation. Can withstand significant temperature changes, differ high performance physical strength. The cheapest and simplest type of connecting a bathhouse to the network, its reliability fully complies with existing requirements. The only drawback is that not all developers like electrical wires hanging over the site. | |
| A very expensive and complex method. For installation you need to purchase a special underground cable with an armored shell, a layer of sand is provided in the trenches to compensate for seasonal swelling of the soil during freezing/unfreezing. Digging trenches often has to be done by hand, which is difficult and time-consuming. In addition, if the site has already been landscaped, then after filling the trenches it will have to be restored to its original condition. |
As can be seen from the table, many individual factors influence decisions, all of which should be taken into account.
The installation of electrical wiring in saunas and bathhouses is one of the most important stages in the construction of this irreplaceable structure, since the safety of the people receiving the procedures depends on the quality of the work and the materials used. In order to avoid mistakes when laying electrical wiring, to select the optimal materials and options for their use, you should consider in detail the nuances and features of the work. In the article we will tell you which wire to use for baths and saunas, and consider the installation features.
Selecting materials for wiring in the bathhouse
The main condition when selecting a cable for a bath or sauna should be its thermal resistance. It is also important to understand that installing sockets of any type in steam rooms is prohibited. A condition for laying wiring is that a grounding loop must be installed.
When selecting electrical wiring, you should understand what rooms are usually available in the bathhouse and their main categories. The bathhouses are divided into two groups:
- rooms with ordinary temperature conditions, in which it is allowed to lay electrical wiring similar to that available in residential premises;
- rooms in which only heat-resistant cables are allowed, since the temperature in them often reaches 170°C.
A heat-resistant cable must also be used to connect an electric furnace (if one is installed in a bathhouse). Read also the article: → "".
Wiring for standard premises
AVVG cable is suitable for electrical wiring in rooms with normal humidity In rooms with normal temperature conditions, it is recommended to use the following types of cables:
- AVVG;
Any of the above types of cables can be laid during installation either in a hidden way or on top of walls. The main and only condition for their use should be the increased requirements for wire insulation, since most often the construction of a bathhouse or sauna is made of wood. For cable insulation, cross-linked polyethylene, PVC and other polymer materials with the required properties are used.
The following cable brands are suitable for installing and connecting lighting devices:
- PPGng-HF 3x1.5;
- VVGng-LS 3x1.5;
- NYM 3x1.5.
To install sockets, the wire must be selected with a cross-sectional area of at least 2.3 mm2.
Wiring in steam rooms
In the steam room, it is allowed to use only heat-resistant cables that have a sufficient level of resistance to high temperatures. This is due to the fact that even with the slightest deformation of the insulation there is a high risk of fire.
The following types of cables are available on the modern market, suitable for use in steam rooms:
- RKGM 1x2.5;
- PVKV 1x2.5;
- PRKS 3x2.5;
- PMTK 3x2.5.
Tip #1. If we consider foreign-made cables, then for electrical wiring in the steam room you can use Olflex Heat 3x2.5. However, the cost of such a wire is significantly higher than its domestic counterparts.
Wire connections should only be made in boxes protected from moisture. Requirements for wiring in the bathhouse
Before proceeding with installation, it is necessary to study and strictly follow the rules for laying electrical wiring in baths and saunas:
- cables must be laid only vertically or horizontally;
- if rotation is necessary, it must be arranged strictly at an angle of 90°;
- horizontal wiring lines should be placed at a distance of 10-20 cm from the ceiling and run parallel to it;
- the distance from the laid cable or switches to the window or door must be at least 10 cm;
- from heating radiators and other metal devices the cable must be located at a distance of at least 0.5 m;
- switches are placed from the floor at a distance of at least 1 m, sockets - 0.3 m;
- sockets and switches are located from the shower stall at a distance exceeding 0.6 m;
- the line from the distribution panel to the electricity consumers should be laid only with a single piece of wire - any connections are prohibited;
- Wiring connections may only be made in junction boxes that have high level protection from moisture;
- The electrical panel is placed as close as possible to the point of entry of the supply cable into the bathhouse building. Read also the article: → "".
Cable connection methods
The VVG cable is suitable for supplying power to the bathhouse building without restrictions Before installing internal electrical wiring, you need to connect the power cable to the building. Eyeliner is carried out in two ways:
- underground;
- air.
The advantages of the air method are obvious: low cost and labor-intensive work, high installation speed. Most often, SIP-4 cable is used for these purposes. It is important to know that laying SIP cable is not allowed in attic spaces, and therefore for a bath it is better to choose wires of the VVG or NG brands.
When attached to external wall the cable should be placed in plastic box or corrugated. At the entry point into the room you need to place a box with circuit breakers. Laying the cable below ground level is an expensive and time-consuming method, but at the same time it provides more reliable protection cable from damage. When choosing an underground connection, it is recommended to use VB6Shv cable.
Cable brand VB6Shv - great choice for underground installation to a bathhouse
Installation of wiring and devices in a bathhouse or sauna
Before installing a heat-resistant cable, you should calculate the power required for the normal functioning of each of the devices consuming electricity. In accordance with the calculations, a cross-section of a heat-resistant cable is selected that can withstand the design load.
To operate lighting in a bathhouse, a power of 1-2 kW is sufficient, but it should be taken into account that when installing additional electrical appliances, the power will increase. Baths heated by an electric furnace require a power of at least 10 kW for normal operation.
When installing any electricity consumer in a sauna or bathhouse, you should remember the electrical safety rules and turn off the circuit breakers in the distribution panel. The purchase of sockets, switches, lighting devices and the cables themselves must be done only in specialized supermarkets or stores. Thus, the likelihood of purchasing defective or counterfeit products is significantly reduced.
Salespeople and consultants from large stores can also provide assistance in choosing a cable, compiling approximate diagram installation taking into account the peculiarities of building a sauna or bathhouse. Read also the article: → "".
Installation of wiring in the sauna
As mentioned above, in a bathhouse or sauna the cable can be laid either open or in a closed way, cover various elements protection. Despite the fact that the closed method is considered more preferable, there are some nuances in its implementation.
According to the requirements of the PUE and SNiP, laying electrical wiring in metal corrugations and tubes is not allowed. Also, wires sheathed with metal-containing materials should not be used. This ban is due to the fact that a bathhouse is a place with high humidity, and metal, like no other material, is susceptible to corrosion processes.
Installation of switches and sockets
Once the cable installation is complete, you can begin installing switches and sockets. These electrical network elements can be installed in any room except the steam room itself.
Also in rooms with high humidity It is not allowed to place switchboard panels. In addition to steam rooms, this ban also applies to showers. All other premises are allowed to be equipped with electrical elements without any serious restrictions.
Sockets in the bathhouse, regardless of the installation location, must be installed in a waterproof design Lighting system installation
After laying the heat-resistant cable, in addition to sockets and switches, you can install lighting fixtures. Standard light bulbs and lamp shades are not suitable for a bathhouse due to high temperatures and humidity. Therefore, in order to avoid rapid failure and possible fire, you should select heat-resistant lamps.
The lighting devices installed must be sufficiently sealed so that steam and splashes of water entering the housing cannot lead to a short circuit and subsequent fire. Also, if steam gets on the lampshade, the device may heat up unevenly, become deformed and even burst, which will lead to serious injuries to people taking bath procedures. When installing the lighting system, you should take into account that the light in the steam room should not be too bright. Most often, matte lampshades with light bulbs up to 60 W are used.
Electrical voltage in the sauna
Also, the owner of the bathhouse must select the voltage to provide the structure with electricity. The reason for this is the fact that heat-resistant cables for baths and saunas can be laid together with home network voltage 220 V. To make the connection, a number of conditions of the PUE must be met:
- the electrical wiring line must be reliably protected by placing automatic blockers or automatic machines;
- power supply to the bathhouse must be carried out with the mandatory installation of grounding type TN-C-S;
- The sauna electrical system should not operate without a potential equalization system.
Automatic box for turning off the power supply to individual rooms of the bathhouse If it is not possible to fulfill the three conditions described above, the supply of electricity to the bathhouse building should be carried out through a voltage-reducing transformer, for example, YaTP-0.25 220/36V. The placement of such a device should be provided outside the building.
Mistakes when choosing a cable for a bath
- A common mistake is placing control equipment in the steam room that is not built into the electric heater. If such a mistake has already been made, then the PUE requires the installation of a limiter that turns off all equipment when it reaches a temperature of 140°C. In this case, the electric furnace will automatically turn off.
- Also a serious mistake should be the presence of connections, breaks and twists in the cable in the steam room or shower. This is very dangerous, since the presence of deformed and damaged insulation is fraught with a short circuit and a high probability of subsequent fire.
Proper sauna wiring is considered a key safety measure. To conduct communications in a wet room, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of the PUE and state standards. Below we're talking about about how to properly install electrical wiring in a bathhouse with your own hands.
General view of the electrical wiring in a DIY sauna
If you decide to do all the work yourself, then you need to familiarize yourself with the technical and practical minimum for a high-quality result. Do-it-yourself electrical wiring in a bathhouse will save a decent amount of money.
Requirements for work and checkpoints
- a separate line from the main panel is laid to the sauna;
- the path to the end points (luminaires) is minimal;
- wiring is laid openly (with appropriate protective measures);
- It is mandatory to install an RCD or automatic circuit breaker at the input;
- It is prohibited to install sockets and household switches directly in the steam room;
- lines are prohibited from being laid above heating equipment;
- class of lamps, sockets and switches is not lower than IP54;
- lightning protection and grounding must be installed on the line;
- You cannot use metal insulation for gearboxes (cable and wire products);
- The wires are connected in junction boxes using the terminal method;
- used for organizing electrical wiring copper cables, non-flammable type VVG-ng.
Laying methods
For steam rooms, as for conventional power supply facilities, two types of cable routing can be used: overhead and underground. The first, simpler one, is used everywhere due to the absence of the need to carry out earthworks.
According to the type of power supply, single-phase and three-phase inputs to saunas and steam rooms are distinguished.
The method is the least expensive. If the metering device and the panel are located on a support or on a fence, then the checkpoint wire follows the route of entry into the building. Before entering the dressing room, a through bushing and a circuit breaker are installed in the external wall of the building; if necessary, the SIP will be transferred to the cable and the cross-section will be reduced in the junction box.
Example of air inlet into a sauna
Laying cables underground
The method is expensive and requires more time for construction and installation work. The main advantage of laying underground is the complete concealment of the power supply route - such a laying will not damage appearance plot.
For work, armored cables with copper conductors are used. They have the longest service life and excellent technical characteristics.
Single-phase 220 V connections will fully cover the needs of a standard home. On average, 10 kW is consumed for general needs for a bathhouse, which is 45 A taking into account the installation of a separate stove and lighting.
Three-phase wiring is used to connect high-power facilities in large cottages with many additional electrical appliances. If heating device three-phase, then the network to the steam room must be made with a five-wire cable or four-wire with connection to the general circuit of the building.
This method has a number of advantages:
- constant access for inspection and repair;
- use of smaller cross-section gearboxes;
- Possibility of use in fire hazardous and damp areas.
General form open wiring
Requirements for electrical appliances
Requirements apply to the distribution panel, sockets and household switches, lamps and cables.
Cable and wire products (CPP)
According to SNIPs and PUE, heat-resistant conductors are used for wet rooms. The cable must be heat-resistant and insensitive to humidity. Cable lines are laid strictly horizontally and vertically. Diagonal sections are prohibited to avoid future emergencies associated with insulation breakdowns.
Peculiarities:
- The posting will be done openly.
- Corrugated pipes are selected from self-extinguishing plastics.
- The pipes are fastened with plastic clamps along the entire length of the line with a frequency of 0.7 m.
From the input and metering device, the line is laid to the distribution panel (with automatic devices and RCD), which is the communications control center in the bathhouse. Installation is permissible in a dry room (for example, a locker room). The equipment must be well lit and also resistant to mechanical stress. After the panel, step-down transformers are used to organize the lighting network, which make it possible to obtain a voltage of 12 V.
An example of installing an electrical panel in a recreation room with your own hands
Requirements for the installation location of the shield:
- open access;
- good lighting (as a rule, the installation location is chosen near a window);
- lack of excess moisture in the room;
- A separate automatic machine is installed on the electric furnace.
The rest room and locker room use the same lighting fixtures as in living rooms. In the steam room and dressing room there are special requirements for them:
- The installation of ceiling lights is prohibited - during operation they are subject to particularly heavy steam loads and also accumulate condensation, which can lead to a short circuit.
- It is preferable to install lamps at foot level or at a height of 1.6 m.
- The protection class of luminaires must be at least IP
- Preferred use LED lamps– with great strength and resistance to high temperatures.
An example of installing a lamp in a bathhouse
Sockets, household switches, junction boxes
Installed in dressing rooms and rest rooms. The installation of any devices other than lamps in steam rooms is prohibited.
Peculiarities:
- One junction box is installed per element.
- All elements are installed at a height of 160 cm.
- Sockets are installed at a level of up to 80 cm from the floor.
Installation
Stages of work:
- Wiring the electrical network from the panel to individual points.
- Installation of the distribution panel. Carried out in accordance with the norms and requirements of the PUE and relevant GOSTs. The modular cabinet must be purchased taking into account the installation of additional equipment (relays, additional RCD and automatic circuit breaker), i.e. the bar should contain 3-4 empty cells.
- Entry device into the building. Can be done open or closed. The choice of subsequent equipment and gearbox does not depend on external power supply.
- Selection of equipment and gearbox. Cables are selected based on the total load. For example, for a total load of 6 kW, a 3 mm 2 gearbox will be quite sufficient. For internal networks, copper cables VVG-ng (flame retardant) and copper wires with a rubber waterproof sheath (APV, PPV, PRN, PRKA, RKGM, etc.) are used. According to safety rules, the gearbox must be installed in corrugated tubes and fire-resistant cable channels - flexible PVC, etc. The pipes must be equipped with a probe (wire) - to allow cables to be tightened into the cavity.
- Calculation of power of electrical appliances, lighting. At this stage, it is necessary to estimate the total electricity consumption in the bathhouse. To do this, the preliminary power of electrical appliances is calculated and added to the total lighting load. In addition, the line must withstand a reserve of 3 kV to the total power (for the prospect of installing newer or more powerful electrical equipment).
- Individual branches of electrical wiring are made exclusively in single pieces of cables. The route selection is aimed at reducing conductor connections.
- To connect electrical appliances to the steam room, the supply is carried out through insulated through holes made in the immediate vicinity of them.
- Grounding must be carried out to all elements of the electrical network.
- Channels from holes and pipes are sealed with moisture-proofing mastics or bitumen to prevent condensate from entering and accumulating inside the cavities.
- Lamps must be made of glass and ceramics and not contain exposed metal elements.
DIY socket installation
When performing all work, you must follow the instructions. This will help avoid negative consequences and rapid failure of the internal power supply network of the bathhouse.
The practical part contains several stages:
- creation of a power supply diagram indicating the exact location of main lines, branches, installation of switches, sockets, panel and lamps;
- purchase of selected equipment and gearboxes;
- organization of external power supply;
- installation of a distribution panel indoors;
- laying of cable and wire products;
- installation of electrical equipment;
- connecting individual elements into a single system;
- checking grounding and serviceability of electrical wiring;
- measurements of resistance circuits and measures to adjust parameters (installation of additional electrodes in the grounding circuit);
- checking RCDs and automatic devices (TEST button);
- checking the input machine.
If the last stage of work is successfully carried out, the electrical wiring in the bathhouse is considered completed.
Electrical installation. Video
The video below will demonstrate the installation of wiring in a bathhouse.
- insulation of materials for steam rooms and saunas must be heat-resistant;
- for main sections of the line, a checkpoint with a cross-section of at least 16 m² is used;
- sockets and household switches are installed on metal plates;
- an insulating fireproof material such as asbestos is placed under sections of the lines;
- pipes choose flexible corrugated ones made of self-extinguishing PVC plastic;
- Wood is treated with an antiseptic to improve water-repellent properties.
Electrical installation work in a bathhouse or sauna has a number of features due to increased temperature and humidity. Knowing and following them when working with electrical equipment is vital. How to prepare a project, select tools and materials, run cables and do the internal wiring yourself? You will find answers to these questions below.
Key safety requirements for wiring
Increased safety requirements are imposed on the electrification of premises such as saunas or traditionally beloved bathhouses in our country. This is explained by higher air humidity (and, as a consequence, the formation of condensation), high temperature in the steam room and washing department. The material of the walls must also be taken into account. Most often this is wood, a material with an increased fire hazard.
Key requirements for the wiring device:
- The input panel must be located in the place most protected from temperature changes (dressing room, vestibule, rest room), have a separate RCD or automatic circuit breaker (triggered by leakage current< 0,05 Ам), соответствовать требованиям IP 44.
- For a sauna or bathhouse, a high-quality separate grounding (PE conductor) is required, the capacity of which will be sufficient for all current consumers. If there is an electric boiler, it must be grounded separately.
- Permanent lines from the connection point to the panel. It is advisable to exclude any junction boxes.
- It is best if the equipment has a degree of protection of IP55 or higher, the cables have 3 cores with mandatory grounding and insulation that can withstand temperatures from -40 to +130 ° C.
- The cable is laid using metal hoses or fire-resistant corrugation. For insulation, only non-flammable or self-extinguishing materials are used.
- To fasten wiring elements, it is prohibited to use metal screws, self-tapping screws, etc. Only the use of dielectrics is permitted.
The rules for lighting baths/steam rooms/saunas are set out in detail in the PUE (electrical installation rules). This is a basic regulatory document that sets out the requirements for various electrical equipment.
Take the time to carefully study the requirements of the provisions of the PUE before starting work.
Preparatory stage: we draw up a project, calculate the cable cross-section
Preparation schematic diagram electrical wiring is the task of an experienced specialist, knowledgeable about the nuances designing electrical circuits in rooms with specific conditions. Any building has individual characteristics, and the wiring arrangement in a particular case is determined by the number of consumers and their total power.
When starting work on a project, you need to decide which cable to connect to the structure, with one or three phases. This determines the configuration of the finished circuit. But the general approaches to drafting remain the same.
Possible wiring diagram for a bath or sauna
When the diagram of the future wiring for the sauna or bathhouse has been prepared, it’s time to start doing the calculations. You will need to calculate the cross-section of the wires, determine the technical characteristics of the RCD, automatic devices and other elements of the electrical circuit. In the case where the circuit involves the presence of high-power electrical appliances, it is advisable to use a three-phase connection. It is designed for a significantly larger load (up to 42 kW) than a single-phase line connected by SIP cable (up to 14 kW).
Let's start with the main thing - calculating the cross-section of the wire connected to the electrical panel (electricity will be supplied to the building through it). First, you need to calculate the total power consumption of the devices installed in the bathhouse, according to the electrical circuit diagram. The power consumption value is indicated on each electrical appliance or in its instructions. Having calculated the total power of electricity consumers, we obtain the approximate load on the cable going to the bathhouse from the panel. We divide the resulting number by the network voltage and get the current strength (measured in amperes, A). The required cable cross-section depends on this parameter, which is selected as follows:
- 16 A = 1.5 mm2;
- 25 A = 2.5 mm2;
- 32 A = 4 mm2;
- 40 A = 6 mm2.
The parameters are suitable for all types of wires with copper cores.
A margin of 25% - 30% must be added to the calculated cross-sectional area. And also in calculations, it is also preferable to take the total power of devices a little higher, taking into account devices that are rarely connected to the network.
Selecting wires and electrical appliances for interior work
When choosing wires for internal wiring, keep in mind that their cores must be exclusively copper. Do not use wires with aluminum cores.
The size of the cable cross-section for internal wiring branches (up to lamps, switches, electrical sockets, etc.) is calculated in the same way as the input cable.
Structure of heat-resistant cable
When selecting circuit breakers, you also need to determine their power ratings. Basic Rule: the main circuit breaker should have the greatest power, and for devices that disconnect individual wiring branches, it should be significantly less.
To calculate the threshold value for the operation of a machine, they use the same formula as for calculating the cross-section of wires - it is necessary to determine the current strength in the circuit or in its separate section (for machines that turn off part of the devices). For example, if the total current in the circuit is 20A, then the operating threshold of the main circuit breaker needs at least 25 A, and even better - 32 A. The operating threshold of the switches for individual branches is calculated based on the current consumed by the least powerful device.
A mandatory element of wiring in a sauna or bathhouse, according to the PUE, is a residual current device or RCD. According to the regulations, you need to choose an RCD that is triggered at a current of 10–16 mA. In reality, with such parameters, the device often triggers falsely, so most people choose an RCD with a response threshold of 25–30 mA. But for maximum safety, we recommend that you adhere to the rules established in the PUE.
RCD or difavtomat is an obligatory part of electrical wiring in bathhouses and saunas
Select cables and accessories for internal wiring based on their ability to withstand high temperatures and humidity. The requirements for wiring in the steam room and washing area are especially strict. Here it is recommended to use only the following types of wires:
- PVKV;
- PRKA;
- PRKS;
- RKGM;
- PMTK;
- OLFLEX HEAT 250.
In other rooms, such as a rest room, vestibule or dressing room, the use of wires of the NYM or VVGng-LS varieties is allowed.
It is prohibited to use PUNP wires due to possible significant deviations in the thickness of the core.
When choosing fixtures, lamps, sockets, it is important to take into account their safety class (IP-44 / IP-65) and the presence of rubber-based seals. Choose lighting fixtures with a base made of corrosion-resistant materials and covered on the outside with heat-resistant glass. Sockets must be protected from moisture and splashes (covers).
It is prohibited to install fluorescent lamps and lamps with plastic protection in the bathhouse.
A good choice for steam rooms and washing rooms is lighting using modern fiber optics, resistant to humidity and elevated temperature. For rooms such as a relaxation room and a washing room, LED lamps are suitable. They consume little energy and provide good illumination. Diode lamps are not suitable for the steam room.
How to supply electricity to the bathhouse: underground or through the air?
The best option is to supply electricity via a separate cable directly from the main electrical panel. You can do this in one of the following ways:
- by air - inexpensive and fast.
- underground - requires a significant investment of time and money.
The chosen method must be reflected in the construction design. When choosing the “aerial” method, you need to strictly adhere to the norms for cable location in height and not only:
- The cable cannot be located no lower than 6 meters from the roadway.
- The minimum distance from the pedestrian part to the cable is 3.5 meters.
- The distance between supports is no more than 25 meters.
- The cable must enter the building at a height of at least 2.75 meters.
With the “air” method, a self-insulating power wire (SIP 4) is used, where there is no support cable. In a SIP cable, the cross-section of aluminum cores is at least 16 mm 2. The number of wires depends on the selected type of input: single-phase with 2 wires or three-phase with 4 wires. The main problem of SIP cable is low ductility, which makes it difficult to insert the wire into the circuit breaker.
The SIP cable is inserted indoors through a metal sleeve. Do not forget that wires with aluminum cores cannot be used inside the bathhouse.
You can supply electricity to the bathhouse by air
For the underground method, an expensive but very durable cable of the VBBShV brand is used (the second name is “cable with armor” due to the steel protection between the polymer shells). It has 4 copper cores and a cross-section of 10 mm 2.
Step-by-step instruction for underground cable laying to the bathhouse/sauna building:
- Dig a trench at least 0.7 m deep and pour 10 cm of sand into it.
- Lay the wires on the sand in a wavy manner and cover with another 10 cm layer of sand.
- Fill the soil with a thickness of 0.2 m, on which lay a warning grid.
- The cable is inserted indoors through a steel bushing.
- Before connecting to the shield, the wire is freed from its protective sheaths. Don't forget to take care of grounding and lightning protection.
You can supply electricity to the bathhouse underground
Features of installing internal wiring in a bathhouse and sauna with your own hands + diagram
Many people can handle the work of installing wiring inside a bathhouse or sauna. The main thing is to take into account everything down to the smallest detail and comply with the requirements specified in the PUE.
The main stages of installing wiring in a bathhouse:
- Installation of the shield;
- Wiring from the shield;
- Connecting lamps;
- Connecting sockets.
Key requirements for installing an electrical panel:
- Place the shield as close to the exit as possible, in a place with good ventilation, free access and bright lighting.
- Choose a device with a body made of reliable material and a high level of protection against moisture.
- The minimum distance from the floor surface to the top of the device is 1.4 m-1.8 m.
The shield must be protected from moisture and located in an easily accessible place
The electrical panel includes:
- introductory machine;
- outgoing machines.
For a single-phase connection, the main cable contains at least 3 cores. In accordance with GOST requirements, the phase conductor has grey colour(can also be brown or white) and is placed on the top terminal of the main circuit breaker. From the lower terminal it is moved by jumpers to the upper terminals of the outgoing switches. It can be moved there using distribution bars. Zero wire blue or blue color placed on the zero block. The third yellow-green wire, protective, is directed to the protective block. For wires going to consumers, the phase conductors are connected to the lower contacts of outgoing circuit breakers. The input cable and wires coming from the shield are led out through a corrugated pipe.
Sign the machines to quickly disable the desired branch if necessary and facilitate future repairs. It’s also worth placing a visual wiring diagram inside.
When wiring the electrical cable from the panel, adhere to the following rules:
- Try to route the outgoing wire in one piece.
- If the walls are wooden, it is better to install open wiring.
- PVC pipes and metal pipes cannot be used as wire sheathing.
- Wires are mounted only vertically and horizontally. Twisting and bending are not allowed.
- Electrical switches and sockets should be located in the dressing room, vestibule or rest room. Their installation in the steam room and washing department is unacceptable.
- The cable cores are connected by welding or soldering.
- Do not lay wires above the stove.
IN wooden bath you can do open wiring
It is prohibited to place switches and electrical sockets in the washing compartment and steam room, do not forget about this.
Most often, a single-phase connection is used.
As for connecting lamps, it is preferable to place them on the walls, 20 cm below the ceiling, but not on the ceiling itself (where the temperature is maximum).
Installation of internal wiring and sockets. Video
Having completed work with the wiring, you need to check the quality of its work, the serviceability of grounding, etc. It is best to entrust this to specialists from the energy supervision or fire department.
The most common mistakes when installing electrical wiring
The most common mistakes when installing electrics in bathhouses and saunas are related to non-compliance with the requirements of the PUE or incorrect calculations. Mostly problems arise in the following situations:
- The type of wire and the size of its cross-section are incorrectly selected.
- Insufficient insulation of electrical wiring or its poor quality.
- Failure to comply with the safety requirements specified in the PUE during work.
Competent step-by-step installation of electrical wiring in a bathhouse. Video
When deciding to install electrical wiring in a sauna or bathhouse on your own, do not forget how important it is to carry out this work competently, following safety rules, and to be attentive even to small details. Properly performed electrical installation in a bathhouse or sauna is a guarantee of safe relaxation and protection of the building from fire. Before starting work, study the PUE in the latest edition. Take into account all possible risks, approach electrical installation responsibly, or entrust these concerns to professional electricians.
One small but important stage of construction simply cannot be avoided. It is necessary to supply electricity to the bathhouse, make proper wiring inside the room in accordance with established rules and install points: sockets, switches and lighting fixtures, according to the diagram. About this and that how to do wiring in a bathhouse and a steam room with your own hands, you will learn from this article.
How to connect a sauna to electricity from the house?
The bathhouse is built separately from the house and is connected to the switchboard with a separate cable, through its own machine and RCD. Most often, the power cable is laid underground, which has some advantages over creating an overhead line.
- The number one advantage is that this type of gasket provides cable safety and eliminates its breakage in gusty or squally winds.
- Advantage number two is that cable inconspicuousness does not spoil the external aesthetic appearance of the surrounding landscape. Switchboard most often installed at the entrance to the room, with outside, but installation indoors is also possible. Connected to this shield electrical sockets and lighting fixtures.
If your plans include installing additional electrical equipment - an electric furnace (although who would install an electric furnace in a frame or log house?), a steam generator, electric heating, then the total power must correspond not only to the wiring in the bathhouse and steam room, but also to the main power cable itself.
Separately standing bathhouse can be connected with a SIP cable or aluminum wires without insulation, which are stretched between two buildings. It is better to choose a SIP cable so as not to pull it over a section of wire without insulation. The SIP system has its own system of fastening to facades and a load-bearing steel core, which makes it possible to tension the cable.
If the footage from the line connection point is more than 25 meters, an intermediate pole must be installed. The SIP cable has aluminum wires and cannot be inserted into a wooden bathhouse. To enter the bathhouse, a power circuit breaker or switch is installed on the facade, after which a cable with copper wires is connected and introduced into the room using a metal sleeve.
Underground electrical cable installation
This method of connecting a bathhouse will require a significant amount of excavation work when digging a trench with a depth of 0.8 to 1.2 meters, from the connection point to the bathhouse. The cable for underground installation can be laid directly into the ground or a plastic sleeve from the pipe can be used to better protect the cable from damage.
For these purposes, it is better to use products with insulation made from XLPE grade cross-linked polyethylene, which has a guarantee of about 25 years. The cable can be connected to two panels from below, through the foundation along the internal wall and laid in a metal pipe. This type of connection is intended to protect the cable from possible mechanical damage and comply with the requirements of the Electrical Installation Regulations.
Installation of distribution panel
The dimensions of the internal shield are determined by the number of used circuit breakers and RCDs that will be installed. The shield is placed at a height of 1.5 to 2 m from the floor near the entrance to the bathhouse in order to turn it on upon entering. At the input, an RCD must be installed for all electrical wiring and an input circuit breaker, which must have a lower operating current than the circuit breaker in the house that protects the outgoing line. If a 25 A automatic circuit breaker is installed in the house, a 20 A automatic circuit breaker can be installed in the bathhouse at the input. The RCD at the input protects all the electrical wiring of the bathhouse and is designed to protect the bathhouse from fire and protect people from possible electric shock if it leaks.
Electrics in the bathhouse: rules, wiring diagram
Next, we will consider two main issues that arise when installing electrics in a bathhouse. First, for example, consider the simplest working diagram wiring installation in the waiting room, with a detailed description of the entire process. Further important practical advice on the topic: do-it-yourself wiring in a bathhouse.
Correct wiring diagram in the bathhouse and its step-by-step installation
If you are looking for information that will indicate where and how many sockets, switches, and lamps you should install, then this is not entirely the right approach to resolve the issue.
Start thinking about what devices you will use and where they will be located. Determine places for switches, lamps and start creating your wiring diagram in the bathhouse. Functional placement of electrics is when, upon entering the room, the switch is located by itself, turning on the TV is not associated with rearranging the furniture, and using the socket does not imply adopting a horizontal position. Below are the step-by-step steps:
Step one: Drawing a wiring diagram
Let's get started with a simple working electrical diagram for the dressing room. The minimum set of points consists of:
- Switch (1 pc.);
- Electrical sockets (2 pcs.);
- Lamp (1 pc.);
- Distribution box (1 pc.);
- Automatic switch (1 pc.).
The simplest wiring diagram wiring for the dressing room, taking into account distances and installation locations 
In the photo: Designation of the circuit breaker on the diagram 
In the photo: Designation of electric lamps on the diagram 
In the photo: Designation of the switch on the diagram 
In the photo: Designation of sockets on the diagram 
In the photo: Layout of all nodes and points Step two: We install cable channels (canisters) or corrugation (tubes) for wiring
All wires, in case of open wiring, must be protected by plastic cases or corrugated hoses. And this is really important!
I want to give you a real one example from life. In a city apartment, children were playing ball in the hallway. The ball hit the wall along which the insulated wire from the lamp ran down and the wire turned into a fuse cord. A white, luminous point began to move, devouring the insulation. I turned off the lamp, but it was too late, the process had already begun. It’s good that there was no cobweb or “dust bunny” in the way of the light and the light did not have time to hide in the wooden baseboard and the process itself was controlled by adults, otherwise a fire could not have been avoided.
If you choose corrugation, then all the wiring is passed through it in advance using an internal wire. When planning and calculating the volume of material, take it with a small (5-10%) reserve. If you opted for cable channels - pencil cases (and I prefer this option), then the laying of the wire can be carried out directly when connecting the wiring. When choosing pencil cases, be guided by the wiring dimensions. You can’t take a small volume because the wire won’t fit, and there’s simply no point in taking more than you need.
In the photo: cable channels of various sizes for wiring 
In the photo: wiring laid to the switch in the cable channel Step three: Laying wires in cable channels
Having started installing the wiring in the bathhouse, you must, of course, be provided with the appropriate wires and cables. But how to choose a wire from the right material with the right cross-section? Having a professional project in hand, no questions will arise, but how to solve it if the circuit and wiring itself are made independently?
Some simple rules will help you cope with this task:
- We do not purchase aluminum wires. Why? Increased fragility, inability to directly twist with copper, lower throughput with equal cross-section;
- We use multi-core wires: usually two or three wires, when planning a grounding device;
- For power points of household appliances from the distribution box, use a wire with a cross-section of 1.5 mm2;
- For lamps with a power from 0.1 to 2 kW, a wire with a cross-section of even 0.5 mm 2 is sufficient;
- When purchasing a wire, follow the priorities in descending order: material, cross-section, insulation, price.
Table
ratio of the cross-section of stranded copper wire for use in a network with a voltage of 220V to the load power
| Wire cross-section in mm | Power in kW | Current in A |
| 0,5 | 2,4 | 11 |
| 0,75 | 3,3 | 15 |
| 1 | 3,7 | 17 |
| 1,5 | 5 | 23 |
| 2 | 5,7 | 26 |
Step four: We connect the wiring according to the wiring diagram
And so, there is a diagram, the cable channels are installed, the wiring is routed, all that remains is to connect the pre-purchased sockets, switches and lamps into one working circuit. During the connection process, I recommend using two methods: the block method and the twisting method. In fact, some count 5, seven or even 7! such methods, but the ones I offer are the simplest, most reliable and not expensive.
Preparation and installation of connections in the block
The first step is to remove part of the insulation of the wire that will be attached to the terminal. As soon as it is not removed! Teeth and sharp knife it's not very a good option. It’s clear about teeth, but when using a knife, there is a possibility of damage to the conductive part of the wire. It is possible to use heating with a suitable device, or even better, purchase an automatic stripper - a special tool for removing insulation.
Wire Stripping Tools
You need to measure about 3 cm from the beginning of the wire and melt (or bite off with a stripper) part of the insulation. We pull out the conductive part, leaving 1 cm and then, twisting the wire, we get a perfect twist. After twisting, cut off the excess with pliers and solder the conductive part.
Preparing the wire for installation in the block
After this, we twist the exposed conductive part for connection into the block and insert it under the washer into the sockets of the block and tighten the screw. Carbolite terminal blocks are mounted in accordance with GOST 17557-88. Installation of wires with a cross-section of up to 1.5 mm in such blocks does not pose any difficulties at all.
Installation of the wire in the block and installation in the junction box
Preparation and installation of twisted connections
You can make connections by twisting the wires. This option is cheaper, but not by much, so the choice is yours. Although after installation using the twisting method, everything will be hidden in the junction box and the chosen option will not have any effect on the aesthetic side of the issue. And regarding the reliability and efficiency of twisting as a connection method, we can say the following.
At the moment, this method of connection is a little disliked, suggesting that it is morally outdated and somehow flawed, especially construction market offers us many affordable, modern and technological solutions. But the fact remains: twisting is one of the most reliable types installation for one simple reason. With a high-quality connection, the contact area of the elements being connected is greater than when using other options! And this, in turn, provides confidence that overheating of the connection point will not occur, which makes this choice safer and more reliable.
How to make high-quality twist?
- We remove part of the insulating coating of the wires;
- We make a kind of fan out of each wire;
- We combine the resulting fans in one plane;
- We perform manual twisting of wires;
- We perform additional twisting using pliers;
- We solder the resulting twist;
- We remove the end of the resulting twist using wire cutters;
- We insulate the connection with electrical tape or heat shrink tubing.
How to make a quality twist
That's all, the virtual installation of wiring in the bathhouse according to the chosen scheme is completed. But, however, in order not to deceive the expectations of individual readers, I am posting working proven wiring diagram in the bathhouse. Based on it, everyone can make their own design that suits them, removing or adding the necessary elements.
Electrics in the bathhouse: important practical tips
In conclusion, I will give a few simple but important practical advice regarding the organization of electrics in the bathhouse. There are NO insignificant moments that relate to electrics!
- Power sockets are connected to the switchboard with a cable with a cross-section of 2.5 brand VVG or NYM 3x2.5, the lighting and switch are connected with the same cable with a wire cross-section of 1.5 sq. mm.
- All passages through walls performed in a metal sleeve;
- Cable laid at a height of 10 cm from the ceiling, distribution pipes are installed at the same distance boxes;
- Switches and distribution boxes installed on the side of relatively dry rooms;
- Sockets in the steam room are not installed, in the bathroom or washing room you can install sockets with a degree of protection IP44, for the protection of which a separate RCD and automatic circuit breaker are installed in the panel;
- Lamps are connected to the junction box with a 3x1.5 cable and when laying the cable under wood trim steam rooms or sinks must be inside a metal pipe;
- To avoid laying cables in a pipe, lamps in the steam room can be installed in the corners, and connected from above through the attic to reduce the length of the cable that runs under the lining, and first pass the cable into copper pipe, which is easier to mount and bend;
- Do not try hide the wiring under wooden baseboard, place the wires near the floor together with sockets and extension cords. What if you accidentally drop a bucket of water and there will be fireworks! Perhaps an additional RCD needs to be installed. Remember about children, pets, start worrying in advance;
- Do not twist together aluminum and copper wire. This is an unreliable connection, it will oxidize over time and there will be no necessary contact, and with a high current there will also be heating, and then it’s not far from a fire. Don’t make such a connection even for a while, then you will forget, and everything temporary becomes permanent. Use contact connectors.
- For greater safety, after each entry of electrical wires, be it a bathhouse, outbuilding or house, it is advisable to put separate automatic fuse. This will make troubleshooting easier in the future and will ensure better protection, and in case of a short circuit it will work faster;
- If single-phase wiring, then it is advisable to separate wires for sockets through your automatic fuse and wires for lighting through another. You won’t be left in complete darkness; again, it’s easier to find the cause of the problem yourself later. If the electrical network is three-phase, then each phase must be evenly loaded with consumers. For example, use one phase for sockets, the second for lighting, the third for household needs: pump, water heater, household lighting, etc. Overload in the event of simultaneous switching on of electrical appliances is excluded.
Three words about connectors and why I don’t like them?
Regarding the connectors - a separate issue, I personally am afraid to use them, this disease remains from using the Volga car. When I turned on the low beam, smoke poured out from under the torpedo, this forced me to return from the dacha before darkness, I remember I even had to exceed the speed limit so as not to catch fire. They passed a law - drive with the headlights on, decided that they were completely under pressure, couldn’t stand it, removed the dashboard, cleaned the contact connection on the switch and soldered it. A friend’s torpedo on the number nine burnt out completely; he barely managed to jump out of the car, lucky! If copper wires are used, it is better to twist them, solder them, and wrap them with insulating tape. If you are confident in the quality of the connecting contacts, then it is easier with them.
Which circuit should I put the light switch on?
I recently made an important discovery for myself. Have you ever wondered which circuit to install the light switch on - phase or neutral? Do you know that yourself? At first I thought that it would be safer to use the neutral wire; it wouldn’t shake if the switch broke. It turned out that phase - safer. If a light bulb socket is stuck in a chandelier, but the bulb itself remains in your hands, turn off the light and, using pliers on a stepladder, without fear of shaking, calmly unscrew the socket. If you approach it in the reverse order, then in case of shaking, falling from a stepladder, pushing off from a chandelier, is extremely inconvenient than sliding down the wall with a switch.
About lamps and dimmers in the bathhouse
And one more thing about lamps. Now everyone is gradually abandoning incandescent lamps and switch to energy-saving and rightly so, such lamps save electricity, last longer and heat up slightly. However, it must be taken into account that some lighting control devices on the market, in particular dimmers (light intensity regulators) and switches with diode backlighting, are not suitable for such lamps.
As for dimmers, you need to use special models for energy-saving lamps, dimmers for conventional lamps with energy-saving lamps do not work due to the design features of the latter. LED-backlit switches can cause lamps to flicker when the lights are off, which is again due to differences in the design of conventional and energy-saving lamps. If your lamp flickers when the lights are off, then the switch may be to blame. You need to either turn off the backlight diode in the switch, or use a special switch, I think that such should exist.
This article is over... It is clear that for some the number of letters, text and information presented will seem excessive, for others, on the contrary, something will not be enough. However, the purpose of this article was not to make you a ready-made professional electrician. The goal was to provide an understanding of the entire process of organizing electrics in a bathhouse with your own hands, as well as to draw attention to certain important aspects of its installation. I hope this worked out and the information is useful to you...
