Workshop design with calculations. Ready-made business plans with calculations are a good help for small businesses

Not a single entrepreneurial project is complete without a business plan. This document is detailed instructions opening a commercial business, where the tasks that need to be solved to achieve ultimate goal(that is, receiving maximum profit), as well as the methods and means that the entrepreneur is going to use. Without a business plan, it is impossible to receive investment in a commercial project or apply to a bank for a loan for business development. However, even if an entrepreneur does not plan to attract third-party funds, he still needs a business plan - for himself.

Why is this document needed, and what is its exceptional importance? A well-written business plan, which contains verified information and verified figures, is the foundation of a commercial project. It will allow you to analyze in advance the state of the market and the severity of competition, predict possible risks and develop ways to minimize them, estimate the size of the required start-up capital and the total amount of investment, as well as the expected profit - in short, find out whether it is advisable to take a financial risk and invest money in this idea .

"Business idea"

The basis of any project is a business idea - that is, for the sake of which, in fact, everything was conceived. An idea is a service or product that will bring profit to the entrepreneur. The success of a project is almost always determined the right choice ideas.

• Which idea is successful?

The success of an idea is its potential profitability. So, at any time there are directions that are initially favorable for making a profit. For example, some time ago it was fashionable to import Russian Federation yoghurts - this product instantly gained popularity among the population, and in proportion to this popularity, the number of companies involved in import grew. Only a completely unlucky and incompetent entrepreneur could fail a project in this area and make the business unprofitable. Now the idea of ​​selling yoghurts with a high degree of probability will not be successful: the market is already oversaturated with products domestic production, imported goods are unlikely to be favorably received by consumers due to high prices and customs difficulties; moreover, the main players in this segment have already established a foothold in the market and have established supply and sales channels.

Most entrepreneurs, when choosing an idea for making a profit, think in terms of the majority - they say, if my friend this business brings in income, which means I can improve my business. However, the more “role models” there are, the greater the level of competition and less opportunity dictate your prices. In a mass business, approximate prices have already been established, and a newcomer, in order to increase its competitiveness, has to set prices below market prices in order to attract customers - which, of course, does not contribute to making a big profit.

Potentially highly profitable ideas now are those proposals that help an entrepreneur occupy a free market niche - that is, offer something that other businessmen have not yet thought of. To find an original business idea, sometimes all you need to do is look around and think about what consumers are missing in a certain area. Thus, a successful idea was the production of mops that allow you to wring out a rag without getting your hands wet, or special lamps that cannot be dismantled without the use of special tools - this know-how has significantly reduced the number of thefts of light bulbs in hallways.

Often original ideas you don’t even need to generate it yourself - you can use new products that have been successfully implemented in other countries or cities, but have not yet occupied the corresponding market niche in your region. By following this path, you will become the first to offer this know-how to consumers in your region or country, and, therefore, you will be able to set prices for this product (service).

However, originality alone is not enough for a successful business idea. There are two objective prerequisites for a business to be successful:

1. - a potential buyer needs your product or at least understands its usefulness (for example, a person may not yet know about a certain medicine, but he realizes that something similar can cure his illness);
2. - the buyer is ready to pay for your product or service) exactly the price that you plan to ask (for example, almost everyone wants to buy a car - however, as we know, not everyone can afford a car).

And one more note regarding innovative business ideas - excessive originality can only harm profits, since the potential audience may simply not be ready for your proposal (most consumers are conservative by nature and have difficulty changing their habits). The least risky option is to stick to the golden mean - that is, to bring already familiar goods or services to the market, but in an improved form.

• How to determine if a given business idea is right for you?

Even a potentially successful business idea may not turn out to be successful in practice if it is not suitable for a particular entrepreneur. So, opening a beauty salon is relatively easy - but if you do not understand the intricacies of the salon business, then your brainchild is unlikely to bring you good profits. A business idea must be supported by the entrepreneur’s experience, knowledge and, of course, capabilities. What indicators indicate that your project will be within your capabilities?

1. - Professionalism. You can have a specialized education in your chosen field, or you can just as easily be a passionate self-taught person. The main thing is that you have an understanding of the production process and other necessary knowledge in the chosen field.
2. - Passion. You must like what you are going to do and offer. Moreover, you should like not only the final product, but also the process itself, because you won’t be able to give all your strength to a job you don’t like, which means it will be difficult to bring it to a good level. Remember the famous proverb: “find a job you love and you will never have to work a day in your life.”
3. - Personal characteristics. If you are a closed and uncommunicative person and feel uncomfortable in the company of other people, then it will be difficult for you to negotiate. And if you, for example, are a convinced vegetarian, then there is no point in considering selling semi-finished meat products - even if this business can bring good profits, you will still feel uncomfortable doing it.
4. - What you have (land, real estate, equipment, etc.). Starting any kind of production will be much less expensive if you already have the appropriate equipment. And if you inherited, say, a private house not far from the road, then this good opportunity to make a profit from roadside trading, because your competitors, if they are found, do not have such a good location, and this advantage can overcome even your inexperience.

Competition: how to become special:

As mentioned above, to apply your entrepreneurial efforts, it is most advisable to choose those areas where competition is frivolous or absent altogether. However, in most cases, entrepreneurs one way or another have to face competitors, and businessmen are faced with the question - how to stand out from them? This can be done due to the following advantages:

Competitive advantages

When introducing yourself to potential consumers, try to immediately draw their attention to the advantages that distinguish your offer from similar ones, so that buyers see that it is you who can satisfy their needs in the best possible way. Don’t be shy to highlight your merits and don’t rely on consumers’ ingenuity - they are unlikely to guess why your product (service) differs from the product (service) of your competitors for the better. For example, if the recipe for the bread you bake involves enriching the product with vitamins and other useful substances, then be sure to convey this fact to your future customers. You should not position your bread simply as a tasty and fresh product, because your competitors have exactly the same product - it is unlikely that anyone will sell tasteless and expired goods. But vitamins are your competitive advantage, and the buyer must definitely find out about it, so advertising needs to be thought out accordingly.

So, we've covered some of the details. preliminary preparation to writing a business plan, and now we can pay close attention to this particular document and its main sections.

1. Title page.

The title page is the “face” of your business plan. This is what your potential investors or bank employees see first when deciding whether to issue you a loan for business development. Therefore, it should be clearly structured and contain all the key information about your project:

1. - Project name (for example, “Production of self-squeezing mops” or “Creation and development of a commercial Internet radio station called “XXX”);
2. - The organizational and legal form of the project and the name of the legal entity (if there are several such entities, then a list indicating areas of responsibility is required);
3. - Author and co-authors of the project
4. - Abstract to the project (for example, “this document is a step-by-step plan for the founding and development of a commercial radio station...”);
5. - Project cost (required starting capital)
6. - Place and year of creation (“Perm, 2016”).

2.Resume.

This paragraph is a brief description of the project idea, the timing of its implementation, the main goals and objectives for the implementation of the idea, the expected turnover and production volumes. forecast of key indicators - project profitability, payback period, initial investment, sales volume, net profit, etc.

Despite the fact that the summary is the first section of the business plan, it is compiled after this document has already been completely written and double-checked, since the brief description covers all other sections of the business plan. The summary should be concise and extremely logical and fully disclose all the advantages of the project, so that investors or a potential lender see that this business idea is really worth investing in it.

3.Market analytics

The section reflects the state of the market sector in which the project will be implemented, an assessment of the level of competition, characteristics target audience and industry development trends. It is very important that the market analysis is carried out on the basis of high-quality marketing research containing real indicators (falsified or inaccurate analysis reduces the value of the business plan to almost zero). If an entrepreneur is not competent enough in the chosen field, then in order to avoid inaccuracies and errors, he should outsource marketing research by ordering it from a trusted marketing agency.

This section usually takes up at least 10% of the total volume of the business plan. His approximate plan is as follows:

1. - General description of the selected industry (dynamics, trends and development prospects - with specific mathematical indicators);
2. - Characteristics of the main market players (that is, direct and indirect competitors), an indication of the competitive advantages and features of your business project compared to other entities;
3. - Characteristics of the target audience ( geographical position, age level, gender, income level, type of consumer and user behavior, etc.). Creating a portrait of a “typical client” indicating the main motives and values ​​that guide him when choosing a product (service), pessimistic forecasting (that is, the minimum flow) of consumers of the product (service);
4. - Review of the most effective channels and ways to promote goods (services);
5. - Review and identification of the most likely risks that an entrepreneur may encounter in this market segment and proposing ways to eliminate or minimize them (it must be remembered that risks are external circumstances and factors that do not depend on the entrepreneur);
6. - Forecast of possible changes in this market segment, as well as an overview of factors that may affect the profitability of the project.

4. Characteristics of goods (services) and their sales

This paragraph describes in detail the goods that the entrepreneur is going to produce, or the services that he is going to sell. Special attention should be focused on the competitive advantages of the business idea, that is, what will distinguish this proposal from the general diversity. However, you should not remain silent about the shortcomings and weaknesses of the idea, if any - it is better to play fair with investors and creditors, besides, they can analyze this point on their own, and in the case of a one-sided description, you risk losing their trust, and with it - and hope for financial investment in your idea.

The presence of a patent will make the idea described especially attractive - if an entrepreneur offers some kind of know-how and has already managed to patent it, then this fact must be reflected in the document. A patent is both a competitive advantage and a basis for a greater likelihood of obtaining loans or investments.

The chapter must include:

1. - brief description of the idea;
2. - ways of its implementation;
3. - description of the life cycle of the product (service);
4. - percentage of secondary purchases;
5. - the ability to create additional lines goods or service options, the ability to segment the product offered;
6. - expected modification of supply in accordance with changes in the market situation and factors affecting profit.

5. Ways to promote business (marketing and strategic plans)

In this chapter, the entrepreneur describes exactly how he is going to inform potential consumers about his product and how he will promote this product. Shown here:

6.Description of the production process

A production plan is a detailed description of the complete algorithm for producing a product from its being in its raw material state to the moment when the finished product appears on store shelves. This plan includes:

1. - a description of the necessary raw materials and the basic requirements for them, as well as the suppliers from whom you plan to purchase these raw materials;
2. - reception, processing and pre-production preparation of raw materials;
3. - the technological process itself;
4. - yield of the finished product;
5. - the procedure for testing the finished product, its packaging and transfer to the warehouse and subsequent delivery to the buyer.

In addition to the actual description of the production process, this chapter should also reflect:

1. - characteristics of the equipment used, as well as the premises where the production process will be carried out - indicating all the necessary standards and requirements;
2. - list of main partners;
3. - the need to attract resources and borrowed funds;
4. - calendar plan for business development - from the launch of production until the time when the funds invested in the project begin to pay off.

7. Enterprise structure. Personnel and management.

This chapter describes the internal scheme of the functioning of a business project, that is, the administrative and organizational plan. The chapter can be divided into the following subsections:

1. - organizational and legal form of the enterprise (LLC, individual entrepreneur, etc.);
2. - internal structure of the enterprise, distribution of responsibilities between services, channels of their interaction (it would be best if this sub-item is further illustrated by appropriate diagrams);
3. - staffing table, list of responsibilities of each employee, his salary, channels and criteria by which personnel will be recruited;
4. - list of activities on the personnel policy (training, training, personnel reserve, etc.)
5. - participation in business development events (competitions, conferences, fairs, grants, government programs, etc.).

8.Risk assessment. Ways to minimize risks.

The purpose of this paragraph is a preliminary assessment of possible negative circumstances that will affect the achievement of the desired indicators (business income, customer flow, etc.) - the basis for this assessment is again marketing market research. Risks are divided into external (for example, tougher competition and the emergence of new strong players in this segment, increased rental rates and utility bills, natural disasters and emergencies, changes in tax legislation towards increasing rates, etc.) and internal (that , what can happen directly inside the enterprise - equipment breakdowns, unscrupulous employees, etc.).

If an entrepreneur has information in advance about what exactly he should be afraid of in the implementation and promotion of his project, then he can think in advance about the ways in which he will neutralize and minimize negative factors. For each risk, a number of alternative strategies should be proposed (a kind of table of emergency measures). You should not hide certain risks from investors or creditors.

Special attention should be paid to such a form of protection as insurance against various risks. If an entrepreneur plans to insure his business, then this must be mentioned - indicating the selected insurance company, the amount of insurance premiums and other details related to the matter.

9.Forecasting financial flows

Perhaps the most important chapter of a business plan. Because of its importance, it should be written by professionals if the entrepreneur himself does not have a financial and economic education. So, many startupers who have creative ideas, but do not have sufficient financial literacy, in in this case resort to the services of investment companies, which later put their certification visa on the business plan - this is a kind of guarantee of reliability of calculations and will give the business plan additional weight in the eyes of investors and creditors.

The financial plan of any business project includes:

1. - balance sheet of the enterprise;
2. - calculation of expenses (employee payroll, production expenses, etc.);
3. - profit and loss statement, as well as cash flow statement;
4. - the amount of required external investment;
5. - calculation of profit and profitability.

The profitability of a project is a key indicator that has a decisive influence on investors’ decisions regarding investing in a given business. Calculations on this topic cover the period from the entry of start-up capital and third-party investments into the project until the moment when the project can be considered break-even and begins to generate net profit.

When calculating profitability, the basic formula R = D * Zconst / (D - Z) is usually used, where R is the profitability threshold in monetary terms, D is income, Z is variable costs, and Zconst are fixed costs. However, for long-term calculations, one should also include calculation formula indicators such as the inflation rate, renovation costs, contributions to the investment fund, salary increases for company employees, etc. As a visualization method, it is again advisable to use a Gantt chart, which is convenient for tracking the level of growing income and reaching the break-even point.

10.Regulatory framework

All documents that are necessary for legal support of a business are indicated here - certificates and licenses for goods, permission for certain types of activities, acts, permits, etc. – with a description of the conditions and terms of their receipt, as well as the cost. If the entrepreneur already has any documents in his hands, this must be indicated, and this fact will also become an advantage in the eyes of investors.

11.Applications

At the end of the business plan, the entrepreneur provides all calculations, diagrams, graphs and other auxiliary materials, which were used to draw up financial forecasts, market analysis, etc., as well as all materials that visualize the points of the business plan and facilitate its perception.

“The main mistakes when drawing up a business plan”

At the end of the article, I would like to say a few words about the most common mistakes that inexperienced entrepreneurs make when drawing up business plans. So, what should you avoid if you don't want to scare potential investors away from your project?

Excessive bloating and bulk. A business plan is not Homework, where the large size of the writing increases the chances of a good grade. The approximate volume of a business plan is usually 70-100 sheets.

Difficulties of presentation. If an investor reading your plan cannot understand your idea after reading two or three sheets, then there is a high probability that he will put the BP aside.

Lack of necessary explanations. Remember that an investor is not required to understand the area of ​​the market in which you are offering him to invest money (and in most cases, he really does not understand it, otherwise he would have already launched an independent business). Therefore, you need to succinctly introduce the reader to the main details.

Streamlined phrases-characteristics (“huge market”, “ great prospects" etc.). Remember: only accurate and verified information and forecasts.

Providing estimates that are unverified or knowingly false financial indicators. We have already focused on this topic above, so no comments.

The basis of any business is ready business-plan. It helps to avoid many mistakes when creating and developing a company, allows you to convince investors of the advisability of investing money, and assists in obtaining the necessary loans from banking institutions.

Such a document contains detailed calculations of the profitability of the future organization, the payback period of the project, and the risks to which the company is exposed.

You can create a business plan yourself, spending time and money. However, most modern entrepreneurs prefer to use ready-made financial products containing high-quality and useful information. Why?

Main functions of a business plan

This document is the most important tool for the company, allowing it to select promising areas and determine how to implement them. It is a guide for execution and control, helping to manage the business. A well-drafted financial solution with detailed calculations performs several functions:

• strategic. It is used to develop business strategy. This key function when organizing an enterprise or when determining new directions for the company’s activities;
• investment. It is used to attract funds. It is extremely difficult for modern companies to manage without credit resources. Therefore, this function allows you to determine optimal sources financial resources, find potential investors;
• planning. It is used to give a comprehensive assessment of the development of the enterprise being created, as well as to manage intra-company processes or a new line of activity.

As a result, the business plan provides the opportunity to analyze, position, comprehensively assess and control the future activities of the company, implement marketing courses, and develop personnel policies.

What advantages do ready-made documents have? What are the benefits of purchasing a business plan from a company that develops and compiles business plans for different areas of business?

Advantages

A business plan is the business card of an organization. By using a ready-made solution made by qualified specialists, the future businessman saves time and cash, which would have to be spent on independently carrying out the activities, analyzes and calculations necessary for the preparation of this document.

Moreover, such research is not a guarantee of a successful start to the project. Among the advantages of using a full-fledged financial solution performed by professionals, it is worth noting:

• time saving. Having a ready-made document in hand, an entrepreneur can get a clear idea of ​​the steps that need to be taken to achieve the goal. By purchasing a ready-made business plan, you can overcome all the difficulties of business with the support of professionals;
• effective means of persuasion. For sponsors and investors, this document is the main proof of the validity of the idea of ​​the business being organized, the potential of the enterprise to achieve a certain amount of income;
• competitor research. A well-drafted document will help evaluate competing companies, identify their strengths and weaknesses, and determine a free niche that at this point in time can be occupied and firmly held, winning the favor of a potential audience;
• direction of movement. An effectively and efficiently drawn up financial solution will help the company not only in the first initial stage. At the right approach it will allow the organization to constantly maintain the planned direction, making the necessary adjustments.

High-quality business plans are drawn up by an experienced team of specialists with extensive experience in a wide variety of fields. All materials are adapted for use in the Russian economy in the current situation.

The documents contain all the necessary calculations: calculation of payback, economic efficiency, profitability and other equally significant indicators. Applications presented in tabular form will help you independently determine the required values. For example, calculate the need for money for purchases specialized equipment until the period of time when these costs begin to pay off.

Features of use

A ready-made business plan is not only an opportunity to find an idea with calculations and recommendations for a wide variety of areas, but also advice on the main aspects of starting your own business.

In this case, we are talking about the most popular questions of novice entrepreneurs. What form of ownership to choose for the organization. What to consider when hiring specialists. Which taxation system should you prefer?

Today, many specialized organizations offer to purchase full-fledged ready-made business plans. Moreover, prices vary significantly. How to choose a provider of such a solution?

In this case, it is necessary that the proposed business plan contains not only general information, but also detailed calculations for all main areas of activity of the future enterprise. Competent suppliers of ready-made business plans calculate expenses such as, for example, the cost of social contributions for employees, tax optimization, and transfers of taxes and fees to the state.

The more complete the business plan, the more effective and efficient the activities of the future entrepreneur will be. You should not skimp on purchasing this document. After all, he is the main assistant in conducting market analysis.

It is he who summarizes the analysis of opportunities for starting or expanding a business in modern conditions, contains a structured description of all areas of activity of the future company.

By purchasing a business plan, an entrepreneur receives not only a comprehensive analysis of the main problems that he may encounter when organizing his activities, but also ways to solve them. The benefits of using a ready-made document are obvious!

Where to download a ready-made business plan with calculations

You can choose the solution that suits you among a large number of directions offered by our partner Biplane (

I am glad to welcome regular readers and new audiences! Today we will continue the conversation about starting your own business. To help you, I offer a ready-made business plan with calculations for small businesses. And those who are used to relying on themselves will learn how to correctly compose it from scratch and adapt it for a specific case. When you read the article to the end, there will be no questions left!

Key factors for the success of a business plan: 3 main rules

A business plan is a document that brings an idea to implementation in a form understandable for an entrepreneur and investors. It analyzes the situation and describes the mechanisms of the systems involved.

The basis for drawing up the plan will be the following rules:

1. Determine the current level with an open mind. Are you employed but want to open a business? You will need to take into account what you have: skills, connections, availability of start-up capital and premises - everything plays a role.
2. State a specific result. Starting a business with the wording “I want to become rich” is dooming it to failure. Determine the market niche, profit level, turnover.
3. Think through the steps that will lead to the designated outcome. Be logical and conduct additional analysis if you are not confident in your knowledge.

Follow these rules whether you want to impress investors or are putting together a project for yourself. Constantly ask the question: “Why should a business succeed?” The key to success can be a successful product, the qualifications of the team, the influence of partners, etc. Having found the answer, use the advantage to the maximum, and the result will meet your expectations.

Business plan structure: main sections

Are you wondering how to create business plans for a small business yourself? Adhere to a clear structure, which will allow both you and your partners to navigate the document.

Title page design

On title page write the name of the project , indicate the volume of investment and the expected payback period. It is appropriate to provide information about the organization: address, contact numbers, full name of the owner.

Writing a resume: briefly about the main thing

The resume is the first section of interest to potential investors. To ensure that your acquaintance with the project does not end there, outline the essence of the idea. Focus on goals and objectives, list the necessary resources and methods for implementing projects. Be sure to highlight why the offer is unique.

Finally, let's get down to the numbers:

• investments necessary for opening;
• project launch date;
• planned and actual terms of refund.

Finally, state your expected profit. There is no need to use lengthy stories about the benefits of the enterprise: it is enough to make a competent calculation.

Defining goals and objectives: be concise

The “Goals and Objectives” section defines the position you plan to occupy. Mention technological processes necessary to achieve the result, but do not go into detail - you will provide information in the appendices. The main task is to tell why the offer wins against the competition. But avoid unsubstantiated statements, because every word must be supported by facts.

Do you want to emphasize the originality of the idea? List patents and copyright documents. Indicate ways for further development so that investors see the long-term benefits of cooperation.

Conducting market analysis, identifying the desired segment

By conducting a market analysis, you will determine the availability of niches. Need to consider internal state the chosen industry and the influence of external factors (for example, difficult economic situation, lack of personnel). Consider the risk of facing competition and tell us what advantages your product has.

To make your plan more effective, identify a market segment. You will need to create a buyer profile, taking into account the following:

• age;
• social status;
• needs;
• reasons why a client will contact you.

Having determined the portrait of a potential buyer and his needs, evaluate the capabilities of the enterprise. Particular attention should be paid to this part if you are planning to open a new business.

The description of a product or service is presented with an emphasis on the benefits of the consumer. Simply put, don’t tell us what a great product you have, but describe why the client needs it.

The list of characteristics and properties should include the following:

• the product's name;
• appointment;
• listing the main properties and a short story about the minor ones;
• definition of competitiveness;
• availability of copyrights or licenses (if you are yet to obtain them, mention this point);
• information on supplies, guarantees, availability of service;
• description appearance;
• availability of certificates;
• performance characteristics;
• disposal methods.

Describing the items will make planning easier and help you understand which properties need improvement.

Marketing analysis and plan: promotion strategy

The task of marketing analysis is to develop a product image and determine a promotion strategy. Once you have outlined the circle of buyers and established the required volume of goods, think about ways to convey information to the audience.

It will be easier to formulate the needs of future buyers by answering a number of questions:

1. Describe what they are purchasing now that your product is not on the market. List popular suppliers, volume of purchases, indicate the average price.
2. The most difficult thing is to understand why a consumer prefers a certain product. When buying kitchen utensils, the client can choose a set with the largest number of components, rely on convenience, or appreciate an attractive design. You need to determine his motivation, which desk research, telephone surveys and expert interviews will help with.
3. Ask the main question: “How can I get people to buy my product?” It is possible to attract customers through advertising campaigns, participation in exhibitions, sending out flyers, and providing free samples.

The nuances of the work depend on whether the activity is aimed at a wholesale or retail consumer, whether you are going to involve legal or individuals etc.

Production and organization plan

In the next section, you will list the stages of production, mentioning the availability of facilities, equipment and personnel. Describe everything in detail; if a partner is involved in the business, he must understand the costs. It is also necessary to calculate the cost of production, adjusting for variable factors.

The organizational part provides an implementation schedule and deadlines. Legislative acts regulating activities in the selected area are also listed.

Financial plan: calculate funds

The reason startups close down in 70% of cases is lack of funds. To avoid this prospect, make financial plan. It includes the following:

• income and expense plan;
• project implementation period;
• approximate balance for the 1st year of work;
• break-even analysis.

To help investors evaluate the prospects, provide a debt repayment schedule. Focus on the rational use of funds by reducing costs. But save wisely: one of the mistakes that dooms a business to failure is underestimating upcoming expenses.

Risk Analysis: Avoid Surprises

Finally, consider the situations that threaten your business and suggest solutions to the problems. The right strategy will attract investors and make your job easier.

The structure of the business plan can be changed by adding paragraphs and annexes. If you have an idea of ​​what you are going to do, you will cope with the task.

New tool in action: SWOT analysis

Once you learn how to write a business plan, you'll take on the strategic part. It is necessary to discover external and internal factors influencing the development of the organization and describe the current situation. A SWOT analysis will help you cope with the task, meaning that you highlight 4 aspects of the project:

The versatility of the method allows you to use it in any area, whether you choose a farm or a car service. Use does not require special knowledge, just avoid common beginner mistakes:

• revaluation strengths;
• attempts to pass off a disadvantage as an advantage;
• deliberate or accidental ignoring of disadvantages.

To get results, be honest with yourself: you can remain silent about the shortcomings when running advertising campaigns, but when drawing up a business plan, a mistake will be disastrous. First of all, look at the product or service through the eyes of the consumer, evaluate its strengths and weaknesses. Be thorough and use different sources: consult with your team, conduct testing, create several SWOT tables for relevant market segments. To give you an idea of ​​how to conduct analytics step by step, look at the example:

Business plan for an atelier

The option of opening an atelier is suitable for novice entrepreneurs who have skills in sewing and repairing clothes. After all, despite the abundance of stores, finished products remain standardized. Fashion trends put individuality at the forefront, so there will be no shortage of customers. You just need to think about how to attract them and convert them into regular customers.

First steps: define goals and think over the price

Even a small business will need a business plan that defines its goals. I recommend that you include the following:

• creating a profitable organization;
• generating income;
• satisfying consumer needs for sewing and repairing clothes within a particular area.

As legal form choose individual entrepreneurs, since accounting requirements are simpler and tax fees are lower. Then determine the range of services provided, which will include:

• sewing new clothes;
• minor repairs to the old one;
• restoration.

Although tailoring remains the most expensive service, most of the profits will come from repairs. This is due to the fact that creating a new model takes an average of 14 days, and putting it in order old thing possible in 15-30 minutes. The cost of repairs starts from 200 rubles, which will ensure a quick payback if there are customers.

Selection of premises and equipment

Location remains a key factor, so look for premises in mall or on the 1st floor of the building. The option with a shopping center is more profitable due to cross-country traffic; in addition, store customers will want to have purchased clothes adjusted to their figure on the spot.

But equip the workshop by making repairs in ordinary apartment, it will be easier. Please note that placement on upper floors acceptable in cases where you already have an established customer base.

Ideally, the studio is located in the city center, close to sewing stores.

Choose a room with an area of ​​20 square meters. m. and more to arrange everything you need. At the initial stage you will need:

• 3 professional machines (approximately 7,000 rubles per piece);
• special iron or steam generator (RUB 11,000);
• overlock (RUB 5,000).

You can’t do without furniture for equipment working area and a comfortable waiting area for clients. You will have to buy the following:

• cutting table;
• tables for typewriters;
• chairs;
• mirrors;
• dummy;
• coat rack for employees and visitors;
• sofas and coffee table for the waiting area.

Buy also consumables, because respectable clients will not want to bring threads, elastic bands, zippers along with the fabric. Along with the cost of furniture, you will need to allocate 24,000 rubles.

Recruitment and payment

Recruitment determines success, so look for people who love what they do. You will need 2-3 seamstresses and a cutter, who can be found using advertisements on the Internet or recruitment agencies. average salary for a seamstress is 15,000 rubles, for a cutter - 20,000. A percentage of completed orders (20-40%) is also added to the rate, which encourages them to work better.

When hiring employees, discuss the nuances of responsibility. Often, clients bring expensive materials, and if they are damaged, the seamstress or cutter must reimburse all costs.

Provided that marketing campaigns are carried out correctly, the studio pays for itself in 2 years. You just need to think through all the stages of business promotion, reducing the share of advertising in local media. If you spend money on a noticeable sign, develop branded packages, and send out a small mailing of discount coupons, you will soon acquire a regular clientele.

Business plan for a mobile car service

Since car sales do not stop even during a crisis, their maintenance will become a constant source of income. Mobile car service is in demand: you will provide services that do not require a lift and take a couple of hours. The price will include system adjustments, checking battery operation, the presence of oil and other liquids, and simple replacement of parts. With the right approach, the profitability of the enterprise is at the level of a service station.

What you need to get started

To get started, you can't do without the following:

1. Take care of a vehicle that can accommodate necessary equipment. A Gazelle minibus, which you rent, will do.
2. Equipment you will need are jacks (without them you cannot replace pads or filters) and a bed on casters. Also buy a vacuum cleaner and a couple of compressors, including a suction one. The importance of having keys and other tools need not be mentioned.
3. The profit will be the sale Supplies. You will purchase oil, candles, liquids at wholesale prices, and sell them at retail prices.

To begin with, you will perform the work yourself, expanding the staff as necessary. As your customer base increases, it’s worth hiring a dispatcher who will explain the nuances so you don’t have to take time off from your work.

How to determine your clientele

Who constitutes the clientele of such organizations? These are mainly people who drive budget cars of older models. Their cars need regular maintenance (changing oil, brake pads, checking tire pressure), but due to busy work, the owners put off visits to the service station. The result is unplanned breakdowns, making your services in demand.

To find clients, you should not post advertisements in garages. Such niches turn out to be occupied, so it is better to hire a pretty girl promoter as part of an advertising campaign. She will distribute booklets to car owners in the parking lot, and later you will attach the remaining advertisements under the windshield wipers.

How to write text for a booklet? Offer your clients to save time, not money. Bet that they won't have to go to the service station after work, but the car will still be in perfect order. By accompanying your offer with a transparent pricing policy, you will attract consumers.

“Distress services” are also popular: they are resorted to when the owner has lost the keys or cannot start the engine for no apparent reason.

How to increase profitability

For your business to pay off, purchase quality equipment and take care of the selection of employees. After all, it’s difficult to find a craftsman: people are guided by the principle “If I don’t find a job in construction, I’ll go to a car service center.” If you or your employee are not qualified, then taking out a loan to start a business or purchase equipment is useless.

Let's give a simple example of a business plan. Please note that this is only one of the possible options, and presented in a very compressed form.

Target: Produce confectionery products, mainly cakes, for city residents. Take a leading position in the upper price segment of this market.

Tasks:
1. Create a compact confectionery shop.
2. Provide manufacturing process necessary raw materials and labor force, part of which will be hired.
3. Initially occupy 30% of the market segment through the implementation of a developed marketing strategy that involves squeezing out the main competitors dumping prices and new recipes for consumers.
4. Raise the missing investment funds from the bank using available real estate as collateral.

An example of drawing up a business plan for an enterprise

Let's look at an example of a manufacturing business plan. It is planned to open a small tailoring shop. Let's consider how promising this business is in a specific market.

1. Summary. Opening of small production on January 1, 2014. Form of ownership – LLC. The planned period is 42 months.

2. General provisions. Purchasing equipment that will allow you to use a variety of fabrics and perform different finishes. It is planned to partially raise borrowed funds for the purchase of equipment and rental of premises. The tailoring service will be provided to the population, as well as legal entities those in need of special clothing, as well as sewing curtains and bedding for subsequent sale.

3. Market analysis and marketing plan. Currently there are 350 enterprises represented on the market. Through strict adherence to deadlines and quality, it is planned to create a positive image of the company, which will allow it to occupy a niche in the market.

4. Costs. Estimated direct and variable costs, including wages and rental of premises, over 3 years will amount to 13.5 million rubles. Of these, 50 million rubles are own funds. The planned sales volume will be 15 million rubles, which, minus tax deductions, will allow the project to reach payback by the end of the third year.

5. Production schedule. Release of 1000 units of goods.

6. Investments. Attracting partners on the terms of joint business.

Brief example of a business plan

If you are about to open a shoe repair shop, then general view The development of a business plan using an example looks like this:

• – Fixed costs (equipment) – 300 thousand rubles.
• – Variable costs(threads, glue, rent) - 10 thousand rubles.
• – Investment required – 100 thousand rubles in the form of a bank loan at 23% per annum for 10 years with a progressive scale and deferred repayment for 1 year.
• – Form of ownership – individual entrepreneur
• – Tax deductions 24 thousand rubles.
• – Planned revenue – 20 thousand rubles per month.
• – Revenue for 1 year – 97 thousand rubles.
• – Financial result – 73 thousand rubles.

As a result, the entrepreneur has reasons to invest money in this project. The safety margin is large enough to possible deviations from the predicted values ​​did not lead to financial collapse.

Example of a business plan with calculations

Opening a small store selling used children's items also requires a preliminary assessment. Enterprise business plan example:

The assessment of goods purchased from the population will be based on the cost of 1 kg.
To begin with, you will need to create an assortment of 100 units.
The cost of 1 kg is 400 conventional units. One product weighs on average 1 kg. Thus, the cost of the product will be 100 * 100 = 40,000 USD. Replenishment costs working capital will be 100 units, which equals 10,000 USD. per month
The rent of the premises will be 10,000 USD.
Variable costs, including advertising and unforeseen expenses - 10 USD.

Sales volume in the first 6 months will be 130 products per month;
in subsequent years - 280 products per month.
The average unit price will be 250 USD.
Revenue for 1 year = 130 * 250 * 12 + 280 * 250 * 12 = (10,000 * 12,000 + 40,000 + 10,000 * 12 + 10,000 * 12,000) = 420,195 – 361,240 = 58,955.
The tax will be 25,000 USD.
Financial result – 33,955 USD

At first glance, the business seems attractive, given the low input costs and quick payback, but after performing a simple calculation, the entrepreneur will come to the conclusion that the profitability is very low and, although the risk is small (the product is in stable demand), it is unprofitable to engage in this business without achieving scale .

View an example of a business plan

Schematically planning, for example, growing vegetables looks like this:

1. Summary. Reflected here summary remaining pages.
2. Marketing part. Who will be the buyer and how will it be possible to conquer the market? Settlement part – 5 tons of carrots for 100,000 USD
3. Costs. Rent of land and equipment – ​​27,000 USD
Payment for hired labor – 30,000 USD.
4. Revenue– 23 USD
5. Sources of financing. Bank loan for 50,000 USD at 18% per annum for 10 years.
6. Financial result– 9 USD

This activity, if the pessimistic scenario is fulfilled, will not generate income at all in the first year. In addition, the entrepreneur will be able to work fully and invest in development only after repaying the entire loan amount.

Download ready-made examples of business plans

On this resource you can download examples of business plans for free. Downloading the file makes it possible to get acquainted with more detailed calculation options, which will allow you not only to understand the essence, but also to make, by analogy, your own calculation to justify the feasibility of investing funds.

If you have no experience at all, it is not at all necessary to order development from a specialized company. It is enough to get acquainted with an example of planning for a similar activity, where you can study in detail the features of market analysis and calculation of production costs for a particular business.

To download, click on the link:

Be sure to watch the video: “What is a business plan?”

Very promising and profitable types entrepreneurial activity are those that are associated with children, in particular with their entertainment (see “Inflatable children's trampolines”). To date, a number of ideas have been proposed, the implementation of which, with the proper approach to doing business, allows you to obtain stable and high profits. However, it should be remembered that a business based on entertaining children requires responsibility from the organizer (entrepreneur in our case), so...

The most valuable and tasty fish is inaccessible to the ordinary fisherman. Some fishing enthusiasts come up with clever ways to catch delicious fish, spend a lot of money on equipment and a lot of time sitting with a fishing rod near water bodies. True fish lovers begin to salivate when they hear the word trout. Fish is one of the most valuable and its cost in stores is most often exorbitant. But there are no unsolvable problems. ...

At the beginning of their advent, payment terminals looked like a gold mine. They multiplied and filled the empty niches. The times of easy profits are over, but the business remains and is growing. Those who are not lazy and are willing to spend money at the start to launch 3-4 terminals can count on a refund within six months. Terminal owners face intense competition. It is necessary to monitor trends in the service market and respond to client requests. Online payment technologies...

If you think that the strawberry growing business is highly limited by seasonality, then we hasten to convince you otherwise. Today there are a number of proven technologies that allow you to obtain a stable strawberry harvest all year round. In addition, these technologies for growing strawberries all year round do not impose restrictions on the size of the plantation and its geographical location. It all depends on the scale we have planned. The main component of this business...

Historically, hookah smoking was the prerogative of the inhabitants of India and the East. The “sultan’s” pleasure came to Russia in the early 2000s, when mass tourists brought smoking devices for home use. At the same time, business plans began to be developed on how to open a hookah bar - a quick return on costs promised the future owners a solid profit. But with the introduction of the “anti-tobacco law” in 2014, prohibiting smoking in catering establishments, ...

Broiler is a type of chicken that is raised for meat. Breeding broilers brings profit to poultry farm owners. There are two areas of business - raising chickens for sale alive or fattening grown broilers and then slaughtering them. To organize a poultry farm on your site, study the requirements for such enterprises and draw up a business plan for future production.

The list of costs for starting a business includes registration and licensing fees, purchase of equipment and inventory, and many other expenses. Even if you haven't prepared a business plan, before launching your startup, you need to outline a list and amount of initial costs to ensure you have sufficient working capital.

The desire to have your own profitable business is an obsession of many hired employees who, day after day, monotonously “work out their sentences” for an unbearable boss. However, wishing and doing are two banks of the same river, which can only be connected by the right business idea. By the way, if you delve deeper into your search, you might be surprised how many unrealized opportunities surround the world and the surrounding society. It is only important to be able to search correctly.

Bread is what is always in constant demand at all times. Any global crisis economic phenomena only spurs the consumption of bread and bakery products. Our new business the idea is entirely dedicated to the production of Armenian lavash and wheat rolls. Why lavash? Firstly, this is one of the most ancient and healthy types of bread, moreover, it is popular in Russia, both among ordinary consumers...

The essence of the project: organization of modern construction company using frameless arch construction technology for the construction of buildings and structures for various purposes and areas of application to enter the market of the Chelyabinsk region. Type of product – buildings and structures for various purposes, erected using frameless arch construction technology. These buildings have a wide range of applications, they can be erected in different parts of the globe - the design temperatures of use vary from...