Final work on the topic: February and October revolution in Russia. Option 1.
1. The February Revolution in Petrograd began:
1) February 23, 1917 2) February 25, 1917 3) February 28, 1917
2. The reason for the start of mass protests in the city were:
1) demonstration of female workers in honor International Day;
2) a demonstration of soldiers against the planned major action;
3) demonstrations by members of the Progressive Bloc for the convocation of the Duma.
3. Soldiers of the Petrograd garrison during the revolution:
1) opposed their elders; 2) declared their neutrality; 3) went over to the side of the rebels.
4. By the decision of the executive committee of the Petrograd Soviet on October 12, 1917, the Military Revolutionary Committee was created. Its leader was...
1) L.D. Trotsky 2) V.I. Lenin 3) V. Antonov – Avseenko 4) P.E. Dybenko.
5. By March 1917 Two authorities have been formed in Petrograd:
1) V The State Duma and Petrograd Soviet;
2) the Council of Peasants' Deputies and the Council of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies;
3) The Provisional Government and the Petrograd Soviet of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies.
6. The Provisional Government was:
1) proletarian power; 2) bourgeois power; 3) peasant power.
7. The first chairman of the Provisional Government was:
1) G.E. Lviv;
2) G.E. Guchkov;
3) A.F. Kerensky.
8. In July 1917, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of the Council gave the Provisional Government consent to arrest Lenin. What were Lenin, Zinoviev and other Bolsheviks accused of?
1) that they were preparing an attempt on Kerensky’s life
2) that they were Freemasons.
3) espionage for Germany, receiving money from the German government and organizing the rebellion on July 4, 1917.
9. The Chairman of the Petrograd Council became:
1) V.I. Lenin;
2) A.F. Kerensky
3) N.S. Chkheidze.
10. The common goals for the provisional government and the Petrograd Soviet include
1) transfer of landowners' lands to peasants;
2) democratization of the country;
3) ending the war.
11. Order No. 1 of the Petrograd Council introduced:
1) dictatorship of the proletariat;
2) democratization of the army;
3) convening of the Constituent Assembly.
12. What was contained in the April Theses: 1) a course towards an armed uprising 2) a course towards a peaceful seizure of power
3) support for the Provisional Government 4) the murder of Kerensky.
13. Nicholas II abdicated in favor of:
1) son Alexey;
2) brother Mikhail.
3) Constituent Assembly.
14. The February Revolution led to:
1) acceptance democratic revolution;
2) destruction of the monarchy;
3) the formation of a socialist state.
15. The April crisis of the Provisional Government was associated with:
1) with Miliukov’s note on the continuation of the war;
2) with a decree on the dissolution of the Petrograd Soviet;
3) with a decree banning rallies and demonstrations.
Part 2.
Reveal the essence of dual power in 1917.
There have been so many crises of power. Name only the causes of crises.
Name the first decrees of the Soviet government.
Final work on the topic: February and October revolutions in Russia. Option number 2.
1) The reasons for the revolution do not include:
1. economic devastation caused by the war and leading to the impoverishment of the people;
2. continuation of the bloody war;
3. crisis situation of power;
4. Russia's exit from the war.
2. Revolutionary events in Petrograd began:
1) spontaneously;
2) by conscription and under the control of the Bolsheviks;
3) from the provocation of German intelligence services.
3. Place in chronological order:
1) the joining of the soldiers of the Petrograd garrison to the rebels;
2) demonstration of workers in honor of International Women's Day;
3) the beginning of a general strike in the city;
4) the transfer of the entire city into the hands of the rebels;
5) formation of the Petrograd Soviet.
6) formation of the Provisional Government headed by Prince. Lvov;
7) abdication of Nicholas II.
4. Combine the names of the authorities, their chairmen and class interests:
1) Provisional Government a) N.S. Chkheidze; a) bourgeois power.
2) Petrograd Soviet b) G.E. Lviv; b) proletarian power.
5. The program of the temporary government does not include:
1) replacing the police with people's police;
2) organization of elections in constituent Assembly.
3) liquidation of private industrial enterprises;
4) introduction of wide civil rights and freedom.
6. Find the incorrect statement:
1) after the revolution, old power structures were replaced with new ones throughout the country;
2) following the example of Petrograd, councils of workers' and soldiers' deputies were created in other cities;
3) the police protected public order in the conditions of the self-dissolution of the old authorities;
7. The provisional government after the victory of the revolution had:
1) judicial power;
2) administrative power;
3) legislative and executive powers.
8. Emperor Nicholas II in conditions of the victory of the uprising in Petrograd:
1) entered into negotiations with the rebels;
2) tried to suppress the uprisings in parts from the front;
3) asked for political asylum in France.
9. Choose the incorrect statement:
1) the generals advocated the abdication of Nicholas II for the sake of preserving the peace of the army;
2) the abdication of Nicholas II was accepted by representatives of the Petrosovet N.S. Chkheidze and A.F. Kerensky;
3) with the abdication of Nicholas and his brother Mikhail, the reign of the Romanov dynasty in Russia ended.
10. Main result February Revolution:
1) establishment of the republic;
2) establishment of the dictatorship of the proletariat.
3) overthrow of the monarchy.
Part 2.
What are the April Theses?
State the reasons for General Kornilov's speech. What goals did he achieve?
What are the main provisions of the 1918 Constitution?
Decipher the abbreviations: SNK, VRK, VSNKh, RSFSR, executive committee.
Progress of the revolution
“Nicholas the Bloody to the Peter and Paul Fortress” Manifestation of soldiers
On February 23 (March 8) a revolutionary explosion occurred, marking the beginning of the February Revolution. Petrograd Bolsheviks used the celebration of International Women's Day for rallies and meetings directed against the war, high prices and the plight of working women. They took place especially violently on the Vyborg side, spontaneously developing into strikes and revolutionary demonstrations that set the entire proletarian Petrograd in motion. From the working-class outskirts, columns of demonstrators headed to the city center, broke through to Nevsky Prospekt and here merged into a single revolutionary stream. More than 128 thousand workers went on strike that day. The revolutionary initiative of the masses was taken up by the Bolsheviks. They brought consciousness and organization to the rapidly growing movement. The Russian Bureau of the Central Committee and the St. Petersburg Committee gave the party organizations a directive: to develop the movement that had begun as much as possible. Late in the evening, a meeting of the leadership team of the Petrograd Bolsheviks was held in the Vyborg region, which recognized the need to continue and expand the strike, organize new demonstrations, intensify agitation among the soldiers, and take measures to arm the workers. The meeting recommended putting forward two main slogans: the overthrow of the monarchy and the end of the imperialist war, and invited “all comrades to come to the enterprises in the morning and, without starting work, after the flying meeting, bring as many workers as possible to a demonstration.” In the following days, rallies and flying meetings were held at Petrograd enterprises in the morning; workers, under the leadership of the Bolsheviks, took to the streets and joined the ranks of demonstrators. The Bolsheviks did not have enough strength to organizationally embrace this entire revolutionary flow, but the movement developed under the direct ideological influence of the Bolshevik Party, its slogans became the slogans of the insurgent workers and soldiers.
On February 24, workers from 224 enterprises in Petrograd took part in strikes, the number of strikers increased to 214 thousand people. Strikes and political protests began to develop into a general political demonstration against tsarism.
On February 25, a general political strike began, paralyzing the life of the city. On the evening of February 25, General Khabalov received an order from the tsar to immediately stop the unrest in the capital. The city was declared under siege. Additional units were called to Petrograd, and on February 26, bloody clashes with police and troops took place in several areas of the city. On the same day, a large demonstration of workers was shot at on Znamenskaya Square; The police made mass arrests in various public organizations and political parties. On the night of February 26, the secretary of the St. Petersburg Committee of the RSDLP A.K. Skorokhodov and member of the St. Petersburg Committee A.N. Vinokurov and E.K. Eisenschmidt were arrested. On behalf of the Russian Bureau of the Central Committee, the functions of the St. Petersburg Committee were temporarily performed by the Vyborg District Committee. The proletariat intensified the struggle for the masses of soldiers. In the leaflet “Brother Soldiers!” The Bolsheviks called on them to support the workers and strengthen the “fraternal alliance of the army with the people.” On the evening of February 26, the 4th company of the reserve battalion of the Pavlovsk Guards Regiment rebelled, opening fire on the police who were shooting the workers. The army's transition to the side of the revolution began.
Chairman of the Duma M.V. Rodzianko telegraphed to the Tsar: The situation is serious. There is anarchy in the capital. The government is paralyzed...
In the conditions of the revolution that had actually begun, the bourgeoisie continued to bargain with the tsar and sought to wrest from him consent to the “ministry of trust.” But the tsar ordered a break in the work of the Duma from February 26, 1917.
On February 27, the general political strike developed into an armed uprising; the revolutionary actions of the workers merged with the movement of the soldier masses. The first to rebel that day were the soldiers of the training team of the Volyn regiment, then the soldiers of the Preobrazhensky and Lithuanian regiments. On the morning of February 27, over 10 thousand soldiers joined the uprising, in the afternoon - over 25 thousand, in the evening - about 67 thousand, at the end of the next day - 127 thousand, and on March 1 - 170 thousand, that is, the entire garrison of Petrograd. The soldiers of the Petrograd garrison stood under the banner of the revolution. By joint efforts, armed workers and soldiers almost completely captured Petrograd on February 27. Bridges, train stations, the Main Arsenal, the telegraph, the Main Post Office, and the most important government institutions passed into their hands. Police stations were destroyed and prisons were seized, political prisoners were released, and arrests of tsarist ministers began. General Khabalov, with a small number of troops, tried to fortify himself in the Admiralty building, but on February 28 (March 13) he was forced to capitulate. The last bastions of tsarism fell: the Peter and Paul Fortress, the Winter Palace. The tsar's attempt to organize a punitive expedition led by General N.I. Ivanov failed. The ministers of the last tsarist government were arrested and soon imprisoned in the Peter and Paul Fortress. The revolution won in the capital.
At approximately 2 p.m., thousands of soldiers came to the Tauride Palace, where the State Duma was meeting, and occupied all its corridors and the surrounding territory. The Duma was faced with a choice: either join the uprising and try to take control of the movement, or perish along with tsarism. Under these conditions, the State Duma decided to formally obey the tsar’s decree on the dissolution of the Duma, but by decision of a private meeting of deputies, at about 17 o’clock it created the Temporary Committee of the State Duma, chaired by the Octobrist M. Rodzianko, by co-opting 2 deputies from each faction. On the night of February 28, the Provisional Committee announced that it was taking power into its own hands.
After the rebel soldiers came to the Tauride Palace, deputies of the left factions of the State Duma and representatives of trade unions created the Temporary Executive Committee of the Petrograd Council of Workers' Deputies in the Tauride Palace. He distributed leaflets to factories and military units calling for them to elect their deputies and send them to the Tauride Palace by 7 p.m., 1 deputy from every thousand workers and from each company. The Bolsheviks sought to lead the movement for the creation of Soviets. Thus, the Vyborg District Committee organized an initiative group for elections to the Soviets of Workers' Deputies, which addressed the workers and soldiers with a proclamation: The desired hour has come. The people take power into their own hands... First of all, elect deputies, let them communicate with each other. Let the Council of Deputies be created under the protection of the army
At 21 o'clock, meetings of workers' deputies opened in the left wing of the Tauride Palace and the Petrograd Council of Workers' Deputies was created, headed by the Menshevik Chkheidze and the deputy chairman of the Executive Committee, Trudovik A.F. Kerensky. The Petrograd Soviet included representatives of socialist parties (Mensheviks, Socialist Revolutionaries and Bolsheviks), trade unions and non-party workers and soldiers. The Mensheviks and Socialist Revolutionaries played a decisive role in the Soviet. The council enjoyed the unconditional support of the rebel workers and soldiers; real power was in its hands. He began to create a workers' militia and form regional bodies of people's power. But the revolutionary activities of the Council were hindered by the Mensheviks and Socialist Revolutionaries.
February 28 - an uprising began in Moscow, which was joined by the night by the 1st reserve artillery brigade, and then other military units. The Chairman of the Provisional Committee, Rodzianko, is negotiating with the Chief of Staff of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief, General Alekseev, about support for the Provisional Committee from the army, and is also negotiating with Nicholas II, in order to prevent revolution and the overthrow of the monarchy.
The Petrograd Soviet draws up “Order No. 1”
March 1 - The Petrograd Council of Workers' Deputies renamed itself the Petrograd Council of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies. On the same day, the executive committee of the Council, despite the protest of the Bolsheviks, decided to give the Provisional Committee the right to form a government. The Council also issued Order No. 1 regarding the Petrograd garrison. With this order, he revolutionized the army and won its political leadership (soldiers' committees were created in all parts of the garrison, control of weapons was transferred to them, discipline outside the ranks was abolished, class titles were abolished when addressing officers and addressing the soldiers as “you”, the general address “Mr. "). Order number 1 eliminated the main components of any army - hierarchy and discipline. With this order, the Council subordinated the Petrograd garrison to itself in resolving all political issues and deprived the Provisional Committee of the opportunity to use the army in its own interests. The temporary committee, in turn, seeks support from the army leadership and generals.
On the same day in Moscow, work detachments created at enterprises seized weapons and, with the help of soldiers, by the evening occupied key points of the city - the Kremlin, Arsenal, train stations, bridges, National Bank, the mayor and governor were arrested. The first meeting of the Moscow Council of Workers' Deputies took place.
On March 2, the Provisional Committee sent its representatives A.I. Guchkov and V.V. Shulgin to Headquarters. As a result of negotiations, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated the throne on March 2 both for himself and for his young son Alexei in favor of his younger brother Mikhail Alexandrovich. On the same day, the Plenum of the Petrograd Soviet approved the decision of the Executive Committee to form a government by the Provisional Committee of the Duma. A bourgeois Provisional Government was immediately formed, headed by Prince G. E. Lvov.
On March 3, Mikhail Alexandrovich Romanov, following his brother, renounced the throne and transferred all power to the Provisional Government. A dual power arose: official power was in the hands of the Provisional Government, and actual power in the capital was in the hands of the Petrograd Council of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies.
During March, the revolution spread victoriously throughout the country. The process of democratization of the army unfolded, and soldiers' committees emerged at the front and in the rear units. The revolution swept the national outskirts of Russia.
Main results
Overthrow of autocracy and establishment of dual power
The main result of the February Revolution was a change in the form of government. Russia turned from a monarchy into a republic. The centuries-old regime of autocracy collapsed; The three-hundred-year-old throne of the Romanov dynasty fell apart. Rapidly developing new classes entered the political arena of the country: the Russian bourgeoisie and the proletariat. During the revolution, organs of new power were born in the depths of each class.
On the one hand, the Provisional Government, formed from the Provisional Committee of the State Duma, reflected the interests of capitalists, factory owners and landowners. On the other hand, throughout the country workers and peasants created their own government bodies. During March, 600 Soviets arose: workers' deputies, workers' and soldiers' deputies, soldiers' deputies, peasant deputies.
Thus, the result of the overthrow of the autocracy was the emergence of dual power between the Provisional Government (“power without power”) and the Soviets of Workers’, Soldiers’ and Peasants’ Deputies (“power without power”). Their struggle determined the entire subsequent period of Russian political life and ended with the victory of Soviet power in October 1917.
Change of political regime
The old ones were abolished government bodies. On October 6, 1917, by its resolution, the Provisional Government dissolved the State Duma in connection with the proclamation of Russia as a republic and the beginning of elections to the All-Russian Constituent Assembly.
The State Council of the Russian Empire was dissolved.
The Provisional Government established an Extraordinary Commission of Inquiry to investigate the malfeasance of the tsarist ministers and senior officials.
On March 12, a Decree was issued on the abolition of the death penalty, which was replaced in especially serious criminal cases by 15 years of hard labor.
On March 18, an amnesty was announced for those convicted for criminal reasons. 15,000 prisoners were released from prison. This caused a surge in crime in the country.
On March 18-20, a series of decrees and resolutions were issued on the abolition of religious and national restrictions.
Restrictions on the choice of place of residence and property rights were abolished, complete freedom of occupation was proclaimed, and women were given equal rights with men.
The Ministry of the Imperial Household was gradually liquidated. Property of the former imperial house, members royal family- palaces with artistic values, industrial enterprises, lands, etc. in March-April 1917 became the property of the state.
Resolution “On the Establishment of the Police”. Already on February 28, the police were de facto abolished in Petrograd and a people's militia was formed. 40,000 people's militia guarded businesses and city blocks instead of 6,000 police officers. People's militia units were also created in other cities. Subsequently, along with the people's militia, combat workers' squads (Red Guard) also appeared. According to the adopted resolution, uniformity was introduced into the already created workers' militia units and the limits of their competence were established.
Decree “On meetings and unions”. All citizens could form unions and hold meetings without restrictions. There were no political motives for closing the unions; only the court could close the union.
Test on the topic: February and October revolutions of 1917. Option 1.
2. During the February Revolution of 1917 in Russia there was:
1) the monarchy was overthrown;
2) a republic was established;
3) an agreement was reached with Germany to conclude a separate peace.
3. Soldiers of the Petrograd garrison during the revolution:
1) opposed their elders; 2) declared their neutrality; 3) went over to the side of the rebels.
4. By the decision of the executive committee of the Petrograd Soviet on October 12, 1917, the Military Revolutionary Committee was created. Its leader was...
1) L.D. Trotsky 2) V.I. Lenin 3) V. Antonov – Avseenko 4) P.E. Dybenko.
1) VState Duma and Petrograd Soviet;
2) the Council of Peasants' Deputies and the Council of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies;
3) The Provisional Government and the Petrograd Soviet of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies.
1) a spontaneous explosion of mass discontent;
2) the result of deep internal contradictions;
3) a well-prepared Bolshevik uprising.
7. The first chairman of the Provisional Government was:
1) G.E. Lviv; 2) G.E. Guchkov; 3) A.F. Kerensky.
8. In 1917 Provisional Government NOT :
1) held a political amnesty
2) gave land to peasants
3) introduced democratic freedoms
9. Relations between the Soviet government and Orthodox Church were characterized by:
1) restoration of the patriarchate;
2) maintaining its state status;
3) preservation of lands and buildings for the church.
1) dictatorship of the proletariat;
2) Bolshevization of the Soviets;
3) coalition of Bolsheviks and Cadets.
Part 2.
Reveal the essence of dual power in 1917.
Decipher: SNK, VRK, VTsIK
Test on the topic: February and October revolutions in 1917. Option 2.
1) The reasons for the revolution do not include:
1. economic devastation caused by the war and leading to the impoverishment of the people;
2. continuation of the bloody war;
3. crisis situation of power;
4. Russia's exit from the war.
2. Revolutionary events in Petrograd began:
1) spontaneously;
2) by conscription and under the control of the Bolsheviks;
3) from the provocation of German intelligence services.
3. After the victory of the February Revolution of 1917. The party has turned from an opposition party into the main ruling party:
1) Bolsheviks; 2) cadets; 3) Mensheviks;
4. Combine the names of the authorities and their chairmen:
1) Provisional Government a) N.S. Chkheidze;
2) Petrograd Soviet b) G.E. Lviv;
5. On II The Congress of Soviets decided to:
1) liquidation of the royal family;
2) cancellation of elections to the Constituent Assembly;
3) proclamation of Soviet power.
6. Order No. 1 of the Petrograd Council introduced:
1) dictatorship of the proletariat;
2) democratization of the army;
3) convening of the Constituent Assembly.
7. What was contained in the April Theses:
1) course towards an armed uprising 2) course towards a peaceful seizure of power
3) support for the Provisional Government 4) the murder of Kerensky.
8. Nikolay II renounced in favor of:
1) son Alexey; 2) brother Mikhail. 3) Constituent Assembly.
9. During the February Revolution, the slogan was not put forward:
1) “Down with tsarism!”; 2) “Down with war!”; 3) “All power to the workers!”
1) with Miliukov’s note on the continuation of the war;
2) with a decree on the dissolution of the Petrograd Soviet;
3) with a decree banning rallies and demonstrations.
Part 2.
What are the April Theses?
State the reasons for General Kornilov's speech. What goals did he achieve?
Option 1.
2. The reason for the start of mass protests in the city were:
1) demonstration of women workers in honor of International Day;
2) a demonstration of soldiers against the planned major action;
3) demonstrations by members of the Progressive Bloc for the convocation of the Duma.
3. Soldiers of the Petrograd garrison during the revolution:
1) opposed their elders; 2) declared their neutrality; 3) went over to the side of the rebels.
4. By the decision of the executive committee of the Petrograd Soviet on October 12, 1917, the Military Revolutionary Committee was created. Its leader was...
1) L.D. Trotsky 2) V.I. Lenin 3) V. Antonov – Avseenko 4) P.E. Dybenko.
1) VState Duma and Petrograd Soviet;
2) the Council of Peasants' Deputies and the Council of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies;
3) The Provisional Government and the Petrograd Soviet of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies.
6. The Provisional Government was:
1) proletarian power; 2) bourgeois power; 3) peasant power.
7. The first chairman of the Provisional Government was:
1) G.E. Lviv;
2) G.E. Guchkov;
3) A.F. Kerensky.
8. In July 1917, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of the Council gave the Provisional Government consent to arrest Lenin. What were Lenin, Zinoviev and other Bolsheviks accused of?
1) that they were preparing an attempt on Kerensky’s life
2) that they were Freemasons.
3) espionage for Germany, receiving money from the German government and organizing the rebellion on July 4, 1917.
9. The Chairman of the Petrograd Council became:
1) V.I. Lenin;
2) A.F. Kerensky
3) N.S. Chkheidze.
10. The common goals for the provisional government and the Petrograd Soviet include
1) transfer of landowners' lands to peasants;
2) democratization of the country;
3) ending the war.
11. Order No. 1 of the Petrograd Council introduced:
1) dictatorship of the proletariat;
2) democratization of the army;
3) convening of the Constituent Assembly.
12. What was contained in the April Theses:
1) course towards an armed uprising 2) course towards a peaceful seizure of power
3) support for the Provisional Government 4) the murder of Kerensky.
13. Nikolay II renounced in favor of:
1) son Alexey;
2) brother Mikhail.
3) Constituent Assembly.
1) acceptance of the democratic revolution;
2) destruction of the monarchy;
3) the formation of a socialist state.
1) with Miliukov’s note on the continuation of the war;
2) with a decree on the dissolution of the Petrograd Soviet;
3) with a decree banning rallies and demonstrations.
Part 2.
Reveal the essence of dual power in 1917.
There have been so many crises of power. Name only the causes of crises.
Name the first decrees of the Soviet government.
Final work on the topic: February and October revolutions in Russia. Option number 2.
1) The reasons for the revolution do not include:
1. economic devastation caused by the war and leading to the impoverishment of the people;
2. continuation of the bloody war;
3. crisis situation of power;
4. Russia's exit from the war.
2. Revolutionary events in Petrograd began:
1) spontaneously;
2) by conscription and under the control of the Bolsheviks;
3) from the provocation of German intelligence services.
3. Place in chronological order:
1) the joining of the soldiers of the Petrograd garrison to the rebels;
2) demonstration of workers in honor of International Women's Day;
3) the beginning of a general strike in the city;
4) the transfer of the entire city into the hands of the rebels;
5) formation of the Petrograd Soviet.
6) formation of the Provisional Government headed by Prince. Lvov;
7) Nicholas' abdicationII.
4. Combine the names of the authorities, their chairmen and class interests:
1) Provisional Government a) N.S. Chkheidze; a) bourgeois power.
2) Petrograd Soviet b) G.E. Lviv; b) proletarian power.
5. The program of the temporary government does not include:
1) replacing the police with people's police;
2) organization of elections to the Constituent Assembly.
3) liquidation of private industrial enterprises;
4) introduction of broad civil rights and freedoms.
6. Find the incorrect statement:
1) after the revolution, old power structures were replaced with new ones throughout the country;
2) following the example of Petrograd, councils of workers' and soldiers' deputies were created in other cities;
3) the police protected public order in the conditions of the self-dissolution of the old authorities;
7. The provisional government after the victory of the revolution had:
1) judicial power;
2) administrative power;
3) legislative and executive powers.
8. Emperor Nicholas II in conditions of the victory of the uprising in Petrograd:
1) entered into negotiations with the rebels;
2) tried to suppress the uprisings in parts from the front;
3) asked for political asylum in France.
9. Choose the incorrect statement:
1) the generals advocated the abdication of NicholasIIfor the sake of maintaining the peace of the army;
2) Nicholas's abdicationIIreceived representatives of the Petrosovet N.S. Chkheidze and A.F. Kerensky;
3) with the abdication of Nicholas and his brother Mikhail, the reign of the Romanov dynasty in Russia ended.
10. The main result of the February Revolution:
1) establishment of the republic;
2) establishment of the dictatorship of the proletariat.
3) overthrow of the monarchy.
Part 2.
What are the April Theses?
State the reasons for General Kornilov's speech. What goals did he achieve?
What are the main provisions of the 1918 Constitution?
Decipher the abbreviations: SNK, VRK, VSNKh, RSFSR, executive committee.
