Industrial climate control equipment includes equipment that is characterized by high production capacity, a long period of uninterrupted operation, quality, and reliable operation. For example, the use of ducted air conditioners in the production of air conditioners is widespread.
Among various options industrial equipment A precision cabinet-type air conditioner is characterized by precise adherence to parameters. It is distinguished from a duct air conditioner by its operating principle, design, and placement method, which makes it indispensable in certain conditions.
Precision type air conditioners. Characteristics
Manufacturers of climate control devices produce several modifications depending on:
1.Number of circuits:
- single-circuit
- double-circuit
2.Structural design:
- ceiling (power 3-20 kW. Precision air conditioners Liebert HPM, Airedale are installed in small rooms);
- cabinet (used on large areas, power up to 100 kW. The external unit can be designed as a remote condenser (Climaveneta precision air conditioner), a module with a condenser and a compressor, a chiller);
- precision monoblock air conditioner (designed for small-sized, medium-sized rooms. Two heat exchangers, a compressor are combined in one housing. Power is more than 20 kW. Precision air conditioner Uniflair TDAR0611A, precision air conditioners Liebert Hiross? precision air conditioner Montair host 1009u, ucm 1512).
3.Cooling type of condensing heat exchanger:
- air (principle household split system when the freon circuit is cooled by outside air, for example, precision air conditioners Stulz, Emicon, precision air conditioner Uniflair TDAR0611A);
- water (combination of an indoor module with a chiller, when the reduction occurs due to a liquid cooler, for example, a Daikin precision air conditioner);
- combined.
4.Set of operating modes:
- cooling;
- cooling and heating;
- cooling and humidification;
- cooling, heating, humidification (Hiref air conditioner).
Climate systems are characterized high accuracy functioning, uninterrupted operation, equipping with additional options depending on what conditions need to be maintained indoors.
Areas of application:
- exhibition halls of art galleries, museums, and other cultural sites;
- medical institutions;
- pharmaceutical industry;
- microelectronics industry;
- rooms for telecommunications equipment (Emerson precision air conditioners, Tecnair precision air conditioners);
- libraries, book depositories, archives;
- servers, data centers (precision air conditioners Stulz, Emerson, Rc group).
The operating temperature range is wide – from +52⁰ to -20⁰ C. Russian precision air conditioners, Ballu precision air conditioner, are capable of operating at temperatures down to -40⁰ C.
Precision air conditioner photo
Air supply method
The entry of heated air and the release of cooled air flows occurs in several ways. As an example, consider the POLAR BEAR precision air conditioner from MAXAERO-TECHNO. The manufacturer's catalog offers the following options:
- air flow from bottom to top through front grilles (also Delonghi precision air conditioner);
- air intake through front grilles at the bottom, exhaust at the top also through grilles with adapters;
- air movement from bottom to top, flow intake from below;
- air flow intake from the rear, direction from bottom to top;
- flow direction from top to bottom;
- air movement from above, exit below through a stand with front grilles.
Device, circuit diagram of a precision air conditioner
The operation scheme of a precision air conditioner depends on its design features, but common to all is the cooling method using two heat exchangers, a cooling circuit, and a compressor. They can be combined in a common building, or placed separately.
If freon is used as a refrigerant, heat transfer in the external module occurs through condensation, while in the internal module cooling occurs due to evaporation inside the heat exchanger. The condenser is cooled by street air. When heat is removed by water, the cooling factor is water. 
If water, antifreeze, external unit most often it is a chiller. The coolant supply is regulated by chiller or dry cooler pumps. The circuit of a precision air conditioner using the free-cooling system (natural cooling) allows you to save 40-45% of electricity per year.
Installation of precision air conditioners
Installation of precision equipment consists of the following stages:
Installation of precision air conditioners should be carried out only by company specialists with many years of experience in this field.
Maintenance of precision air conditioners
The operation of precision air conditioners must be carried out in accordance with regulations. One of them is timely maintenance of precision air conditioners. The frequency depends on the location of the climate control equipment, air composition, features external environment etc.
Includes:
- checking operating modes;
- measurements of temperature and humidity indicators;
- inspection of the cooling circuit;
- measurements of the nominal amount of refrigerant inside the circuit;
- inspection of cables and wires;
- compressor current measurement;
- inspection of heat exchangers, fans, and other mechanisms;
- cleaning the condenser and evaporator if necessary;
- Filters for precision air conditioners are replaced.
If faults are found, the precision air conditioners may need to be repaired. They can be repaired on site, or in case of more serious damage they can be dismantled and then corrected in service center(precision air conditioners instructions).
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Features of a window monoblock air conditioner
description
Monoblock precision air conditioners vertical installation ACCS-C operate on ozone-safe freon R-407C and have 3 standard sizes: 6.0, 7.5 and 12.0 kW. Air conditioners are equipped with a free cooling function and an air purification function and are designed to operate in cooling mode only. All elements of precision air conditioners of this series are enclosed in a single housing.
application
Precision air conditioners with remote condenser air cooling designed for air conditioning in laboratories, technological rooms, information processing centers, premises industrial purposes, as well as in mobile containers with technological equipment. ACCS-C precision air conditioners are designed for 24/7 operation, 365 days a year, at temperatures environment from -40 to +45 °C.
advantages
Efficiency
- The ACCS-C precision air conditioner is designed to handle large volumes of air and allows you to quickly and effectively reduce the heat load in the room.
- High accuracy of regulation of air parameters (air temperature ±1 °C).
- In cold weather, cooling is carried out directly by outside air (free cooling function), which saves energy and extends the service life of the air conditioner.
Reliability
- The external air intake is equipped with a double filter, which improves the quality of the incoming air and protects the internal equipment from dust.
- To protect the air conditioner from corrosion, the unit body is made of galvanized steel, the panels are coated with powder enamel.
- Auto Restart Function: When the power supply is restored, the air conditioner will automatically continue to operate in the mode it was in when the power was turned off.
- One control device in an air conditioning system can control a maximum of two air conditioners. When one of the air conditioners fails or when the heat load increases, the air conditioners in standby mode are connected to the system.
Flexibility of application
- The widest operating range of ambient temperatures for air conditioners with free cooling function is from -40 to +45 °C.
- The compact design makes it possible to install air conditioners not only indoors, but also inside containers, which can significantly expand the scope of application of precision air conditioners of this series.
Protection and self-diagnosis systems
- The electrical system is equipped with a protection function against incorrect phase connection: if the connection is incorrect, the control device will automatically switch phases, ensuring that the power cables are connected correctly.
Control system
- Precision air conditioners are equipped with a microprocessor automated control system that ensures maximum reliability and efficiency of precision air conditioners, as well as accuracy and stability in maintaining air temperature.
standard equipment
Compressors
Highly efficient rotary (for the 6 kW model) Hitachi compressors or scroll (for the 7.5 and 12 kW models) Copeland compressors are equipped with special automation that allows them to start smoothly, avoiding high starting currents and increasing the service life of the compressors.
Condensers and evaporators
The evaporator and condenser heat exchangers are made of seamless bundles of staggered copper pipes OK(with a heat transfer surface enlarged from the inside due to fins) and aluminum lamellas placed on them under pressure.
Fans
High-performance centrifugal fans with direct drive, mounted on vibration mounts. The fan impeller has forward curved blades, which increase performance and reduce noise levels. Each fan is provided with a protective guard.
Precision air conditioners are equipped with EU-3 class primary air purification filters.
Automation system
The units are equipped with PC03 Carel controllers, which ensure maximum reliability and efficiency of precision air conditioners, as well as accuracy and stability of maintaining air temperature. Standard automation allows you to connect several air conditioners in a group and allows you to effectively use the capabilities of the equipment and maximize the operating time of each air conditioner by adjusting the order in which they are turned on. All precision air conditioners are equipped with an automatic restart function when the power supply is restored after a sudden shutdown.
Electrical connections
Power cable, temperature sensor, network cable.
options
- Electric heater.
technical documentation
Currently, precision air conditioners have become in demand in rooms where it is necessary to constantly create and maintain the desired microclimate for electronic equipment, with a small error.
Deviation from the standards in most rooms is allowed for temperature by 1˚, and humidity by 2% - this is what precision air conditioning is.
Server rooms, data processing centers, chemical laboratories, operating rooms - this is an incomplete list of premises where the installation of such equipment is urgently needed.
What is a precision air conditioner
All processes associated with such strict microclimate regulation can only be carried out using a precision air conditioning system.
An industrial precision air conditioner is a device designed to be constantly exposed to the necessary parameters humidity, temperature and air flow.
Purpose
The air conditioner (in English “precision” - accuracy, authenticity) is designed to create and maintain the necessary atmospheric conditions in buildings for which increased demands for temperature conditions, humidity and air movement.
Precision conditioning methods are intended for the following areas of activity:
- Information information centers(premises for servers, computers, data processing services);
- Industries (space and electronics, production organization rooms various fields activities);
- Television and radio (PBX, telecommunication centers);
- Culture and science (world libraries, research laboratories, museums);
- Medicine (operating wards, burn centers, diagnostic centers);
It should be emphasized that precision air conditioning is reliable and trouble-free in operation if the cost meets the requirements for them.
Kinds
Precision air conditioning systems are divided into several categories, depending on:
- Numbers of precision air conditioning circuits.
a) Single-circuit;
b) Double-circuit.
- Executions.
a) On ceilings (with a power of 4-15 kW) placed in rooms with a small area;
b) Wardrobe. Used in large rooms (with power up to 100 kW). Outdoor module in the form of a separate capacitor;
c) Precision air conditioner - monoblock (with a power of about 20 kW). It has two evaporators and a compressor in one housing.
- Cooling heat exchanger.
a) Air. It operates on the principle of a split system, consisting of two blocks: an external device (compressor with a condenser in one housing) and an internal evaporator;
b) Water. Combination of module with refrigeration unit(chiller), when the temperature decrease occurs due to the liquid cooler;
c) Combined.
In addition, depending on the type of temperature range maintenance area and the number of circuits in the initial state, climate systems differ in functioning.
Work principles
Precision air conditioners absorb cool air from outside, then it is processed in the supply environment, after which it is released into the room at a given temperature, humidity and air speed.
As a result, such precision air conditioners are a kind of hybrid of atmospheric installation and ventilation system rooms. Depending on the type of cooling and the number of circuits, there are several operating principles for precision installations.
Air-cooled devices are marked with more traditional scheme cooling cycle, similar to the operation of a split system. Freon under pressure decreases in the compressor and passes into the condenser in a liquid state.
It then moves through the expansion valve into the evaporator, where it returns to gaseous state and goes back into the compressor. In this regard, the air cools as it moves through the evaporator and exits outside.
This type of installation operation is almost no different from the operation of a product with a cooler. Only the cooling of the device is not air, but water.
The indoor block houses a heat exchanger, to which a dry cooler with a water pump is connected externally for cooling. Warm air is transferred through the evaporator and then discharged to the outside thanks to the built-in fan.
If the device is water-cooled, then the air conditioner is usually combined with a chiller (cooling unit)
Air supply and intake
Air masses, moving through the heat exchanger in which the refrigerant is located, cool down and enter the room. There are two types of such installations: with bottom and top air supply.
- Surface feed installation.
Air intake into such a device occurs from the room, from air ducts or through the air conditioner panel. Air is supplied into the free space of the ceiling and, thus, air exchange occurs, while these installations have a simple system and an expanded range of capacities.
- Air conditioner with bottom supply.
This device allows you to process maximum air masses and alternate them through the floor space.
The noise level of these air conditioners is reduced due to compressors spiral type, fans and the shape of the front surface of the evaporator.
The air supply device and refrigeration units are located in different places of the air conditioner, which reduces the noise level. To move air masses, fans with electronic and step speed control are used.
type of instalation
Precision air conditioners are divided into inverter and periodic. The task of the inverter device is to transform the speed of rotation of the electric motor by inverting direct current into alternating current of the required frequency.
Intermittent non-inverter air conditioners are designed to maintain certain parameters air by cyclically turning on the compressor. Such installations are more difficult to set up, but they are cheaper.
Inverter air conditioners can withstand stable temperature, humidity and air flow speed; they last longer because there is less wear on parts than when the engine is cycled.
Application area
It's not just large data centers that use precision air conditioners. They also apply to information Technology, all kinds of computer centers, points of mobile and satellite operators.
As well as provider centers for the provision of Internet services, various television and radio broadcasting stations and others technological production, sensitive to equipment downtime.
In terms of demand for this equipment, one of the main consumers are operators mobile communications, which often operate two types of premises with the necessary production equipment. These are the rooms for the main switching equipment and base stations.
Installation
After graduation preparatory work and transportation of equipment to the site, the installation of this system device begins.
Installation of a cabinet air conditioner of this type consists of a number of steps:
- Implementation of construction activities for the passage of communication junctions through fences and walls, including through the roof;
- Installation of supporting structures (base for placing external equipment);
- Installation of external equipment;
- Installation of internal equipment;
- Installation of the refrigeration circuit;
- Installation of electrical communications;
- Commissioning works.
To install external equipment in working condition, it is necessary to make a foundation in accordance with SNiP. Capacitors can be installed in both vertical and horizontal positions.
When installing internal equipment (evaporator-compressor unit), support frames that come with the equipment are most often used.
Thus, the base foundation must bear the load from installed equipment without transmitting vibration to the floor. At the same time, the height of this frame must correspond to the raised floor in the server room.
External equipment that has several blocks is installed in the same plane, and the height is regulated by the manufacturer.
After preliminary installation of the equipment according to the specified standards, it must be secured in accordance with the “Equipment Fastening Guide”.
After putting the equipment into operation, it needs to undergo regular preventive inspection. And only timely implementation of routine maintenance of precision air conditioners will guarantee successful and uninterrupted operation of this equipment.
More information about this equipment can be seen in the video:
The term “monoblock air conditioner” means an air conditioner that includes all the main elements (compressor, condenser, evaporator, throttling device) and auxiliary elements of the refrigeration circuit (automation system, four-way valve, fans, various filters, pipelines, etc.) , which are located in one housing (block). Hence the corresponding name - monoblock. What air conditioners fall under this name? How are they different from the rest? What are their advantages and disadvantages? Let's try to figure it out.
Air conditioners with the general name “monoblock air conditioners” include two types: low-capacity air conditioners for household use(mobile and monoblock); and high performance - industrial air conditioners (roof).
Rooftop air conditioners are a stationary structure. It is located on outdoors, has the ability to work with recirculated air or with admixture. Multifunctionality, multiple air filtration and high performance are the main distinguishing features rooftop air conditioners. Air is taken from the premises through air ducts, processed and also supplied to the premises through air ducts.
Household monoblock air conditioners:
Main distinctive feature mobile air conditioners is the possibility of using them as a permanent or temporary device for preparing indoor air. Exhausted warm air (if it operates in the cold) along with condensate is discharged outside through flexible air ducts, and the air conditioner itself has a movable design on wheels and can, if necessary, be moved to any place in the room.
Household monoblock air conditioners are stationary structures that are mounted on a wall indoors, which should go outside on the other side. They are made in the wall through holes for air outlet to the street, as well as for air intake fresh air from the street. Such models have both positive and negative aspects.
- The positive thing is that there is no additional equipment is not located and appearance the building is not disturbed. It is possible to operate the air conditioner with a mixture of fresh air, this is a huge plus, and this greatly distinguishes it from a conventional split system. Installation, repair and maintenance are simplified tenfold, this is an advantage if the air conditioner needs to be installed in an already renovated room.
- There are, perhaps, only two drawbacks. The entire monoblock structure is permanently placed indoors, so it takes up space on the wall, cannot be moved to another place and cannot always fit into the interior of the room. Due to the fact that absolutely all elements of the air conditioner are located in one unit, and this unit is located indoors, the overall background noise is slightly higher than when a split system is operating, but lower than when a mobile air conditioner is operating.
Monoblock air conditioners are constantly being improved and, in the near future, can create serious competition for any type of household air conditioners.
