How to make a gas stove for your home. The most economical heating method: a small, hard-working gas furnace for the home. Are there any disadvantages?

The gas furnace is currently of particular interest. Let us immediately make a reservation that what follows does not mean gas hobs and hot water boilers; These are certain types of heating devices using gaseous fuel. Also a special topic is technological gas furnaces for industrial purposes. We are interested, simply put, in household gas stoves.

The cost per unit of heat obtained from natural gas is today much lower than from other sources, including electric heaters. In terms of ease of delivery and consumption, natural gas is second only to electricity, but it can be stored for future use without fear of dampness, bituminization, spontaneous combustion, and other disadvantages of solid and liquid fuels. This situation will continue in the coming decades; in any case, for a time several times longer than the estimated service life of gas heating devices. If you come up with a way to distribute heat throughout the rooms without pipes, radiators and coolant, then gas heating will turn out to be not only economical during operation, but also require 1.2-2 times lower initial costs than traditional water heating. And this method is already known, see below.

We will also take a closer look at gas ones. A city dweller of average and above average income can afford a maximum of a mini-sauna in his apartment, see fig. But they are produced mainly electric, the steam costs a pretty penny. And to get permission for gas - as they say, it won’t be late at night. Plus - destruction in the apartment from construction and installation work.

In general, those who like to take a steam bath in their bathhouse no longer go there, but go out on weekends. But firewood “from the forest,” alas, is a thing of the past. In the vicinity of holiday villages, everything is picked clean. At least scrape together enough for barbecue, but for a sauna you need several armfuls of firewood. And there’s also the time factor: it takes at least 2-3 hours to heat the bathhouse with wood until it’s ready. Steam as a family in shifts – 3-4 hours. You can’t fuss around while you’re steaming, otherwise the bath will only do harm; that’s another 2-3 hours of rest. How much is left for other chores and entertainment if an overnight stay is not planned? And even if it is planned, then out of 2 days off, only 1 is left for household chores. What does a gas sauna stove provide in this case? Quite a few:

Lighting up the stove is instantaneous; About an hour is saved on fuel transfer alone.
Women and children can steam already 30-40 minutes after starting the stove (if it is of a special design for gas, see below), and 1.5-2 hours will be enough for the whole family; the total gain in time is 3-4 hours, i.e. an extra half day for housekeeping.
The price of gas for a bathhouse is comparable to solid fuel, and what is more convenient to carry – a propane cylinder or a bag and a half of coal? The question is rhetorical.

What is often forgotten

Gaseous fuel has a remarkable property: its combustion rate can be arbitrarily high, even to the point of detonation. They fight the danger of an explosion by adding a fragrance to household gas: the human nose literally smells mercaptan molecules, and the unbearable stench will force you to take the necessary measures, as physicists put it, many orders of magnitude before the gas concentration in the air reaches a dangerous value.

In this case, something else is more important: with the correct design of the burner, the gas burns completely, down to CO2 and water vapor, within a few centimeters from the burner nozzle at any value of its supply. As a result, firstly, in a gas sauna stove you don’t have to worry about clogging the flow-through (open) heater with soot and soot.

Secondly, a gas stove for heating a house is capable of holding maximum efficiency up to 5% and even 3% of the nominal power; at stoves on solid and liquid fuel when the power decreases below 10-15% of the nominal value, the efficiency drops sharply. Since in mid-latitudes throughout heating season The heat loss of the building varies depending on the weather by more than 10 times, the saving of thermal fuel equivalent is almost double.

Thirdly, the risk of burning decreases sharply. Carbon monoxide, carbon monoxide, has no odor, and the first symptoms of poisoning appear when it is quite severe. Fragrance - mercaptan burns more difficult than saturated hydrocarbons, and if the fuel does not burn out, its smell will make your eyes water long before the fumes begin. A person can withstand CO2 concentrations of up to 2% by volume without harm to himself (in the atmosphere - 0.04%; in residential premises up to 0.6% is permissible). These circumstances make it possible to organize gas mobile and temporary heating, for example. for a summer residence, see below.

But why oven?

Well, the reader may say, we already know about gas. Perhaps more than yours. But why put it in the oven? Natural gas is already widely used by industry and public utilities.

Heating residential premises using individual stoves can be a lifesaver for the environment. And it’s not just that up to 30% of heat is lost in the mains of thermal power plants. Small emissions of combustion products, extended over time and distributed over large area, nature manages to recycle them before they cause harm. And of the same or even smaller magnitude, the burst emissions from the pipes of thermal power plants, which also burn gas to CO2 and H2O, partially reach the stratosphere and add to the greenhouse effect.

For comparison: during a summer thunderstorm in the Moscow region, energy is discharged to 2 Mt of TNT equivalent. Within a few minutes, over an area of about 10 square meters. km. And over Hiroshima there were 20 times fewer explosions, but instantly and at one point.

Buy or make?

The first thing you need to know if you are interested in gas stoves is homemade gas appliances are not certified by the Ministry of Emergency Situations; their use is expressly prohibited. At the same time, buy a good gas stove for constant heating of 1 room up to 120 sq. m domestic production possible for the equivalent of 800-950 US dollars. A “firm” will cost 50-150 USD more, but this is money “for a star”; the quality of Russian gas appliances is recognized all over the world.

A mobile gas heater with a power of up to 12-15 kW costs up to 350 USD; you can find a good certified one for 150 USD. Separate heating elements (more details below) for 8 sq. m of constantly heated area costs about 100 USD, i.e. a heating system for an average-sized house will cost less than 1000 USD, including installation of pipelines and fittings. This is several times, that’s right, cheaper than building a conventional furnace, and does not require complex construction work in the building; pipelines can be laid under a suspended ceiling.

Can I do this work myself? No, only certified specialists are allowed to work with gas. The contracting company itself will draw up all the documents for gas heating. This, together with the work, will cost about another 600 USD, which is still much cheaper than building a Swedish unit that heats 1-2 rooms.

You can gasify an existing stove with your own hands by purchasing a special stove burner for it (see figure) for 200-250 USD (in rubles). Such burners are equipped with an automatic system that shuts off the gas when the flame goes out, the stove and surrounding air overheat, gas leakage, etc. More expensive models are equipped with automatic ignition.

Note: Only supercharged burners are suitable for household stoves! The burners are atmospheric, without pressurization, and are intended for other purposes. Their use in household ovens is unacceptable!

Gas stove burners are supplied with a certificate of suitability (don’t forget to ask the seller!) and are sold as separate devices. They are installed in the opening (creation) of the firebox and do not require alteration of the stove. Thus, a gas-wood stove is obtained.

Which stove is suitable for gas?

Natural gas, as already mentioned, burns very quickly and produces a lot of heat. Brickwork is simply not able to immediately perceive and transmit such a flow into the room; a gas burner is an instantaneous device, and a brick oven is a heat accumulator. Therefore, only ones are definitely suitable for gasification; their efficiency on gas increases. If you still If you want to gasify your grandfather’s stove, then the brick gas stove must satisfy the following conditions:

Not having an extensive firebox and massive masonry is no longer necessary.
The stove must be made according to a duct design with a developed smoke circulation system, or.
All heat release must occur in the firebox, i.e. all disappear without exception: natural gas is too energetic for them, the exhaust gases from under the roof of the hood will be forced into the chimney, without having time to transfer heat to the body of the furnace.

In any case, accelerating a brick kiln on gas requires a very long time, 4-6 days. During this period, the gas supply is gradually increased from minimum to nominal. Hence the corollary: It makes sense to gasify a brick oven only if it will be heated continuously for a long time. But what kind of masonry is needed that can withstand constantly large amounts, over 450 kW/cu. m, thermal stress?

Note: however, traditional stove makers do not give up attempts to develop brick stoves for gas. There is a sense in this search - it breathes, which creates a healthy microclimate in the room. Among the successful samples, we can note the heating and cooking stove AKH-14 designed by Yu. P. Sosnin; its advantages are confirmed by operating experience; there are more than 10,000 copies in operation in the Russian Federation. But still the cost and weight are “brick” plus additional construction works– a foundation for the stove is needed.

What do you need besides money?

First of all, you need to check whether the burner certificate is valid. The easiest way to do this is to make a copy of it and show it to the gas service inspector. He can also advise in advance which model is better to take. The burner power for a sauna stove is calculated based on the value of 1.5 kW per 1 cubic meter. m to warm up the steam room to 80 degrees (where did the 252 kcal/0.4 cubic m circulating on the RuNet come from? To make it inconvenient to count, or what?); for household - according to the thermal engineering calculation of the building or taken equal to the power of the existing stove.

Note: There is no need to struggle too much with the heat loss of the bath, turning the steam room into a thermos. A proper, healthy bathhouse must breathe.

Next, you need to check your stove: the firebox opening must have a metal frame. The dimensions of the opening itself are height 470-550 mm, width 350-450 mm; together with the overlay, 615-680 mm and 515-665 mm, respectively. Then - the room. Installation of a gas stove is allowed in rooms with a volume of at least 8 cubic meters. m with a ceiling height of at least 2.2 m. In a room with a stove there must be an opening window at least 60 cm wide, with an area of 0.6 sq. m, and the gap under the door is at least 40 mm for air flow. Instead of a gap, there may be a ventilation grill on the door. The distance from the stove to the nearest wall made of flammable material is from 500 mm. Removal of the refractory base of the furnace is from 100 mm in any direction.

For a bathhouse, an additional condition applies: the firebox door should not open into the washing room or steam room. Therefore, the fireboxes of gas sauna stoves (see below) are made elongated so that the door opens into the dressing room. So keep in mind that it’s better not to even think about gasifying a potbelly stove with a heater standing right in the steam room. Typical scheme installation of a sauna gas stove is shown in Fig. it is also suitable for other cases, only it is no longer necessary to take the firebox into the next room. For more information about the construction of the bathhouse, see the video below; everything shown there also applies to gasified baths.

Video: bath structure

Note: Supercharging with automation requires power supply. Therefore, in regions with unstable power supply, you should not seal the gas burner tightly into the stove so that you can heat it with wood/coal if necessary.

After installing a burner or a new furnace, a gas inspector is called for inspection; if necessary, eliminate the observed deficiencies. Next, the furnace is connected to the gas main; this should be done by specialists. When powering the burner from a cylinder, you can connect it yourself using the hose and reducer included in the burner kit (don’t forget to check!) and present everything for inspection at once. Then - walking through the authorities with papers, the description of which is a separate topic; It all ends with the issuance of permission to operate the furnace.

Note: a hose with a reducer and other fittings can be purchased separately, but obtaining permission in this case becomes very difficult, because Certificates are required for each separately purchased unit.

When papers are not needed

Homemade gas stoves, without worrying about permits at their own risk, are often used by home craftsmen for technological purposes in non-residential premises. The gas allows you to obtain a chemically neutral flame with a temperature, when pressurized, up to 1600 degrees. Craftsman jewelers use microburners made from medical needles of different diameters with supercharging from an aquarium compressor. In any case, the room in which the stove/burner is operated must be equipped with ventilation providing at least 2 complete changes of air volume per hour.

To end the baths

Among the household stoves that go on sale, gas bath stoves are perhaps the most popular product, so you need to add something about them. Namely: a gas sauna stove is definitely suitable for a sauna with absolutely dry steam; It’s difficult to steam in a bathhouse with such a Russian-style stove, with a birch broom and topped up with kvass.

The reason is the same too rapid combustion of gas. A gas burner, without blazing into the pipe in vain, is capable of “burning” the heater properly at the rate of 6 kg of river pebble per 1 cubic meter. m of steam room, and for vigorous Russian steam you need at least twice as much stone. Experienced manufacturers (Termofor, Tulikiivi, for example) find a compromise, firstly, offering to purchase a heater made of stones that combine high heat capacity with high thermal conductivity, for example. steatite and other rocks from the soap chlorite group. However, a considerable additional payment is required.

Secondly, this is already a domestic idea, the heater is made double: the main large heat-accumulating one is closed and the smaller one is open specifically for adding heat; The diagram of a gas stove with a double heater and its appearance are shown in Fig. The configuration of the convector (it is needed to speed up the heating of the bath), the size and location of the holes in it are precisely calculated.

You can add heat to such a heater made of ordinary stone about once every half hour, and only with water. Restrictions are also imposed on the broom: only birch and only dried. Adding kvass and steaming with a freshly cut birch broom turns out to be a bit difficult even for a strong, non-drinking man, but it’s probably better not to experiment with an oak broom even for the heroes.

Second possible variant– gasify a basket heater like “Vesuvius”, see fig. on right. However, the heating time of the bath will remain “wood-burning”, and the gas supply, so that the heat does not waste away into the pipe, will need to be smoothly and gradually increased from the minimum to about 0.7 nominal over 1-1.5 hours. And most importantly: basket sauna stoves are not available with an extended firebox, i.e. According to safety rules, gasification is not subject to gasification, because the firebox door with the burner base cannot be brought into the dressing room.

Which oven is better?

So, since we are talking about gas, you still need to buy a stove. In this case, naturally, we need the best gas furnace. How to choose it? Popular rumor, that is, consumer ratings, is essentially true, but it would be strange if advertisers did not gradually try to use such a powerful tool for promoting goods in the interests of their customers. In addition, a quiet, imperceptible revolution has recently occurred in the gas furnace business, but entailing far-reaching consequences. We will talk about it below, but for now we will discuss how to choose a better oven yourself, regardless of the principle of its operation.

Quantity

In this case, this concept refers to the efficiency of the furnace. To calculate it, in addition to your own initial data, you need to know the higher calorific value of the fuel, or its calorific value. For flammable gases used in everyday life, it is as follows:

Natural gas in the Russian Federation – 34-38 MJ/cu.m. m; average – 36 MJ/cubic. m.
Pure methane – 34.67 MJ/cu.m. m.
Pure liquefied propane (density 0.51 kg/l) – 25.54 MJ/cubic meter. m
The same, butane, density 0.58 kg/l - 28.61 kg/l.
Propane-butane mixture summer (50%/50%), density 0.545 kg/l - 27.09 MJ/kg.
The same, winter, 90% propane and 10% butane, density 0.517 kg/l - 25.85 MJ/kg.

Note: those wishing to determine the heat of combustion of gas from their pipe by measuring the boiling time of a kettle, etc. you should know that the efficiency of the kitchen gas stove does not exceed 65% And what exactly will this specific stove in this specific kitchen with this specific vessel with this specific water on this specific burner with this specific atmospheric pressure- known specifically only to the local specific Barabashka, and to no one else.

Now let's determine the heat and fuel consumption. Let's take, for example, a country bathhouse with a steam room for two with a volume of 12 cubic meters. m (2x3 m in plan and with a ceiling height of 2 m). It will require 1.5 kW x 12 cubic meters. m = 18 kW of heat, or 18 kJ/s of heat flow from the furnace. Per hour - 18 kJ x 3600 s = 64.8 MJ of heat. Next, we assume that our bathhouse is gasified. Then an hour of bath procedures at 80 degrees will take 64.8/36 = 1.8 cubic meters. m of gas.

Here you need to take into account the fact that stove manufacturers give the gas consumption in them based on heating the steam room to 60 degrees; doctors say that when higher temperature It is dangerous for women and children and even the slightest sick person (including temporary malaise after yesterday and euphoria from recent libations). The heat loss of a room generally depends on the difference in temperature inside and outside according to a power law, but since temperatures are measured from absolute zero (-273.16 degrees Celsius), then within 80-60 Celsius it can be replaced by a linear one without a noticeable error.

So, at 60 degrees and the efficiency of the furnace at 100% gas, you will need 60/80 = 0.75 x 1.8 cubic meters. m = 1.35 cubic meters. Choosing a stove turns out to be generally simple: the closer the fuel consumption declared by the manufacturer to this value, the better the stove. You just need to remember to look in the specification for what volume of the steam room it is stated for, and bring it to 12 cubic meters. If it is stated that there is less than 1.35 cubic meters of gas per 12 cubic meters of steam room, it means that you are a swindler. Or he invented a perpetual motion machine, but he himself doesn’t know about it.

Now let’s check independently, according to popular rumor. For example, in the Russian Federation, the Termofor Urengoy stove is in 1st place with a decent lead from the rest. Perhaps because of the price of only 12,000 rubles? Let's look at the declared gas consumption for 12 cubic meters of steam room - 1.71 cubic meters. m/hour. We calculate the efficiency of Urengoy: 1.35 (theoretical ideal consumption) / 1.71 (real for this furnace) = 0.79 or 79% A very good and very similar indicator to the truth; It's probably worth getting this stove.

Roughly offhand

compact infrared gas heater

As for infrared gas heaters, which will be discussed below, their market and culture of use have not yet developed properly, and a unified method for determining efficiency has not yet been developed. These devices, unlike sauna stoves, are designed for long-term continuous use, so you need to somehow take into account the cost of heating and its reliability. Therefore, it is possible to choose more or less definitely only by comparison.

First, without worrying about dimensions and other physics, we multiply the “consumption” parameters: the hourly gas consumption stated in the specification by the cost of the device. Let’s get some carelessly abstract value A. Then we multiply the “economical” indicators: thermal power for the duration of the company warranty in months; we obtain a similar value B.

The following is also nothing complicated: C = B/A. The higher C, the cheaper heating will cost. For comparison various models this is enough, and you can calculate the exact cost of heating if you know the amount of heat demand, the calorific value of the available gas and its consumption according to the specification for the selected sample.

Quality

It remains to understand such consumer parameters as reliability and functionality. Here only possible way– compare popular word of mouth with sales rankings. The leaders in sauna stoves in the Russian Federation are the already mentioned domestic Termofor and the Finnish Tulikivi; for continuous infrared heaters - also domestic Bee Car and American Master. Recently, Russian-Chinese Comfort has emerged quite well. They say good things about it, but they won't be on the market for long. Therefore, having looked at the Comfort gas stove, it is advisable to consult with real users.

Gas stove revolution

This revolution is associated with the advent of gas infrared emitters, or infrared burners; both are designated by the abbreviation GII. There is a difference between them; which one - let's see below. For now, it is worth noting the fact: in terms of a set of parameters, including price ones, GII is ahead of heating stoves the usual type, like a Porsche - a pre-war Emka. For example, a 1.5 kW GII heats an area of up to 12 square meters. m, it weighs about 7 kg, and costs up to 5,000 rubles. Let us emphasize: this is not an analogue of an electric fireplace; we are talking about constant heating of residential premises. The price of a gigacalorie of heat turns out to be 1.5-2 times lower than from any other source. In addition, household gas stoves based on GII turn out to be significantly better than other heating devices in terms of sanitary and hygienic indicators.

How is this achieved? Due to heat distribution similar to warm floor, see fig. The comfortable zone is where people are, and heat loss through the ceiling is sharply reduced, which is especially noticeable in one-story houses. Plus, the floor can be insulated from the inside; the flow of heat from above will prevent the dew point from entering the room. But, unlike a heated floor, complex construction work is not needed, there is no thin winding tube embedded in the floor that can become clogged or leak (how can you repair it without breaking the floor?) Unlike electric heating, it is not expensive electricity that heats, but gas, a unit of energy is several times cheaper. Another plus is the flow. warm air from the heated infrared floor is uniform over the area of the room; the inhabitants live as if on a warm island with an even climate.

GII device

GII burners are open type devices. In them, the gas-air mixture is blown through narrow channels in microdoses; air is sucked in naturally naturally aspirated. In ceramic GIIs (diagram in Fig. yb;t), nozzle channels are made in a ceramic (usually carbon) plate, which itself heats up to 900 degrees. Due to the high temperature in the microcombustion chambers, the efficiency of the device exceeds 90%, and 70-75% of the gas energy is converted into infrared radiation.

In catalytic GII burners, the combustible mixture passes through a catalyst mesh. The combustion catalyst itself is either platinum coating (eternal, but expensive), or nickel coating with additives (cheaper, but gradually burns out). Anyone who has used a wind-resistant gas lighter is familiar with catalytic combustion.

Ceramic GIIs are cheaper than catalytic ones, but their power is limited to 12-15 kW, because It is difficult to make the flow of the mixture through narrow nozzles very intense. The dimensions of ceramic GIIs cannot be very small; For effective radiation, a fairly large plate area is needed. Catalytic GIIs with power up to 30 kW and more weigh several kg; they can be made miniature, but are expensive.

Open GII in residential premises is of limited use, because emit carbon dioxide, although in small quantities. In practice, if there is supply and exhaust ventilation for 2 air changes per hour, open HII with a power of up to 12 kW can be used for temporary heating under constant supervision.

GII emitters, or gas heating elements (diagram in Fig.) do not have this drawback, and therefore can be used for constant heating of residential premises. They require pressurization, therefore they are energy dependent, but, on the other hand, any modern gas hot water boiler is also energy dependent. And one and a half hundred years ago, pipelines for gas lighting were stretched like a web throughout the houses, and there were no widespread emergencies, although the gasification technology then was compared to the current cave technology. Also, gas heating elements require a gas flue, but the standard ones in new buildings are quite suitable: there is nothing at all in the exhaust gases (it’s hard to call them flue gases), and their temperature is up to 400 degrees.

Purpose and evolution

The first to go on sale were open ceramic GIIs for temporary heating of garages and outbuildings, pos. 1 in Fig. Probably, it was the need to create a comfort dome in a room with large heat losses, without burning exorbitant amounts of fuel, that prompted the creators of the first GII to develop them. GIIs for garages are successfully used to this day: sellers offer them in a wide range, and prices have dropped from 800 to 90-150 USD in 7 years; Certification and a separate permit for the operation of garage GII are not required. In everyday life, ceramic GIIs have also found application for replacing electric fireplaces, pos. 2, but this is just a mechanical transfer of a principle capable of much more.

GIIs, as powerful, relatively inexpensive, reliable and energy-independent heat sources, immediately attracted the attention of participants in field and expeditionary work, hunters, fishermen, tourists, yachtsmen and others who faced the problem of heating far from civilization. But these categories of users required a large specific power in relation to their weight and size, so they gave preference to catalytic GIIs.

The first samples (item 3) were similar to their non-catalytic counterparts. In the end, the “suburban” branch of the evolution of GII gave birth to a gas mini-oven (fig. on the right), which can be carried with you while moving on foot. However, there are few of them on sale: they are expensive, from 200 USD, and refueling requires expensive lighter gas.

The development of GII towards constant heating turned out to be much more productive. The high specific power of the GII, now per unit of radiating surface, made it possible to organize warm islands directly in the open air; for this it was only necessary to assemble the radiating panels under the reflective umbrella and place it on a stand, pos. 4.

The efficiency and cost-effectiveness of heating with GII “umbrellas” turned out to be so high that the question arose about using them for permanent heating of housing. At this time, the heated floors were wide open; their sanitary and hygienic properties were not in doubt, but the question of the complexity of installation in existing buildings and maintainability. You already know the solution: GII burners were replaced with gas heating elements, and the umbrellas were removed from the stands and hung directly from the ceiling. Here, a large reflector is not really needed, and ceiling GII emitters are often made in the form of flat panels; V multi-storey buildings on floors below the topmost, the overall efficiency does not noticeably deteriorate from this.

Gas in cooking

The next area where gasification of ovens is not only useful, but simply necessary is culinary and technological equipment. A gas baking oven, for example, takes up only about 10 square meters. m of ordinary, non-production space and without requiring an industrial supply of gas and electricity, allows you to bake up to 100-200 loaves of bread at a time, see fig. Individual bakers take full advantage of this circumstance and those who know how to bake bread really well run a good business at home with always guaranteed demand.

The second culinary device where gas was more than appropriate is this. Already a household tabletop (left position in the figure on the right) produces a product that even an unpretentious eater immediately distinguishes for the better from one baked with an electric grill. In this case, the role played by the greater heat flux density generated by the gas compared to the electric one.

A completely unexpected result was achieved by gasification of the traditional Pompeii pizza oven, right pos. Inveterate gourmets cannot distinguish the taste of real noble pizza from a wood-burning or gasified Pompeian oven. But the productivity of the unit (and the income of restaurateurs) has increased by almost one and a half times. In this case, the high energy intensity and gas combustion rate ensure accelerated and more uniform heating of the furnace roof, which increases its productivity.

Gas in the workshop

The high achievable temperature and the absence of chemically aggressive substances in combustion products make the gas flame very attractive for home craftsmen. You don’t need much here: a heating furnace for heating small metal parts is made from... empty tin can, see fig. Just remember to leave a gap at the bottom for air access!

Small-sized and gas-fired melting furnaces, incl. desktop ones are also available for sale. But a home-made worker or self-employed individual entrepreneur will have to be disappointed here: the fire department and gas service do not issue permits to individuals to operate them. And for legal entities - only those provided with appropriately equipped production space. So in unsuitable rooms you will have to make do with electric stoves.

About gas fireplaces

The remarkable properties of natural gas gave rise to attempts to make a gas fireplace stove. However, they cannot be considered successful: the blue light is beautiful in its own way, but it is still not a living flame. Manufacturers, being clever with burners, sometimes create something similar to it, supposedly in modern style, see figure on the right. However, the psychological and aesthetic significance of the fireplace traces its ancestry to a well-fed primitive tribe in a cave around a fire after a successful hunt, and without chaotically dancing tongues of fire, a fireplace is not a fireplace. It's like putting a mast with mainsail and jib on a Predator with a 400-horsepower Merccruiser. It will float, since it floats on the water, but there will be no romance of sailing.

A potbelly stove is a small homemade metal stove that became widespread in the first half of the 20th century. Later, with the advent of centralized heating, its popularity fell. The second wave of its mass use occurred during the Great Patriotic War, and the third - in the 90s of the same century, for heating country houses. Today, potbelly stoves are more often used in garages or utility rooms. In their pure form, without modifications, they are uneconomical: they “eat” fuel like bourgeois, and if you stop “feeding” them, they quickly cool down. The easiest option to make is a potbelly stove made from a gas cylinder. The body is already ready, you just need to cut holes for filling the fuel and ash pan, attach doors to them, weld the legs and the chimney (diameter 150 mm and no less).

The cylinder in such a stove can be placed vertically or horizontally. It heats up quickly, but also cools down immediately after the fuel stops burning. However, in order to quickly remove the garage or cottage from subzero temperature or heating in autumn/spring bad weather is a great option.

Which cylinder should I take for the stove?

It is clear that a gas cylinder will be used for the body. But they are different sizes. The smallest 5-liter ones should not be used for making stoves: the volumes are too small and they won’t be able to heat anything. There are also 12 and 27 liter cylinders. They will make a low-power unit for a very small room: you cannot get more than 3 or 7 Kilowatts of heat from them. In principle, this can be a hiking option, but the weight will be considerable.

The best option for a stationary stove in a garage or country house is a 50-liter gas cylinder. Height 850 mm, diameter - 300 mm. The volume and wall thickness are large enough for any fuel to burn. At the same time, it is not very heavy, you can work with it alone. A potbelly stove made from a 50 liter propane cylinder is the best option.

Industrial 40-liter gas tanks have approximately the same volume, the diameter is smaller - 250 mm, the height is larger, and the walls are thicker. It will be more difficult to make a stove from a freon cylinder, with the same power that can be obtained from it: the mass is large, and it is long. By shortening the height to about 700 mm, you can make a small, thick-walled potbelly stove, which will take a little longer to warm up, but will also “keep” the heat a little better.

Important! When working with gas cylinders, follow safety precautions!

How to safely disassemble a gas cylinder: watch safety precautions in this video.

What and how to make doors from

Doors for potbelly stoves can be purchased cast. Will need small height on the vent and bigger size- for loading fuel. Eat ready-made blocks- flow door with blower in one design. In this case, a frame made from corners welded to size is welded into a hole cut to size, and the casting is already bolted to it. To prevent air from blowing out of the cracks, a small edge is welded around the perimeter of the cutout under the door - a 1-2 cm strip of metal.

You can not buy doors, but use a cut piece of a balloon wall. Then you will need some kind of hinges or replacement parts. It’s clear with the hinges: mark the places, weld them. There is an interesting version of homemade loops: several links of a thick chain.

A latch will need to be welded to such a door.

With grates or without?

In the very simple option no grate is provided. If the cylinder is small or stands horizontally, then selecting a part inside is problematic. In this case, the design of a potbelly stove made from a cylinder is quite simple: the body is placed on legs, one door, a connection pipe is welded in the upper part chimney. All. The whole stove.

The photo above shows examples of such simple ovens. In order to improve heat transfer, metal strips are welded to the outside of the body. In the upper part, in addition to the smoke pipe, there is another outlet - a lid is installed on it, and this outlet is used as a stove for cooking food and heating tea.

If you still want to make grates in a potbelly stove from a horizontally installed cylinder, you will have to weld a tray for collecting ash from below. Below there is a drawing and photo of the practical implementation.

IN vertical options potbelly stoves are most often installed from a cylinder. In this case, it is easier to allocate space. Usually, thick reinforcement bars are welded inside: a cast iron grate of a suitable size is difficult to find. But this option is bad because the reinforcement quickly burns out, and repairs are complicated: remove the old reinforcement and weld in a new one. You can weld pieces of thick corners or reinforcement inside (as in the photo), separately weld grate bars from the reinforcement and lay them on the corners.

This video tells you how to make a stove from a gas cylinder with your own hands - the grates are made of reinforcement.

We improve heat transfer

The most a big problem potbelly stove: inefficient use of heat. Most of it literally flies into the chimney with flue gases. This disadvantage is effectively combated in top combustion furnaces with afterburning flue gases by type (also, by the way, can be made from a gas cylinder) and.

A variant of a potbelly stove made from propane cylinders with secondary combustion - the efficiency is higher than that of “conventional” models.

Another way to improve heat transfer is to make the chimney longer, thereby increasing the amount of heat that will remain in the room. When designing such a broken chimney, it is better to avoid horizontal sections, and even more so areas with a negative slope.

This gas cylinder stove runs on wood. We increased heat transfer by making a long broken chimney

Another option to use the heat of flue gases is to weld a vertical cylinder-smoke pipe to a horizontally located cylinder-housing. Due to the larger area, heat transfer will be higher. You just need to create good draft so that the smoke does not go into the room.

You can do it the way they do it in sauna stoves: around metal pipe put a net in which to pour stones. They will take heat from the pipe and then release it into the room. But. Firstly, until the stones heat up, the air will warm up slowly. Secondly, not all stones are suitable, but only the round ones that are along the rivers. Moreover, they are uniformly colored without inclusions. Others cannot be filled in: they can explode from high temperatures no worse than a fragmentation shell, or emit radon, which is very harmful in significant concentrations.

But this solution also has advantages: firstly, the pipe will not burn. The stones produce even heat. Secondly, after the furnace goes out, they will maintain the temperature in the room.

Often you need to quickly heat a room. To do this, you can use a regular fan that will blow through the body and/or pipe of the furnace. But the same idea can be implemented with a stationary version: weld through pipes into the potbelly stove cylinder in the upper part. On one side, attach a fan to them (heat-resistant, preferably with several speeds, so that you can regulate the temperature).

Another option that allows you to achieve active air movement along the walls of the case and not use a fan: make a casing around the case at a distance of 2-3 cm, but not solid, but with holes at the bottom and top. They work on this principle or metal stoves for the sauna.

One of the options for such a casing around a horizontally located cylinder is visible in the photo below. Through the gaps at the bottom, cold air located near the floor is sucked in. Passing along the hot body, it heats up and comes out from above.

The principle is not new, but it is no less effective. Look at the photo below to see what the finished stove looks like with such a casing.

Here is another implemented casing, around a potbelly stove made from a horizontally located cylinder. Please note the non-standard door fastening.

A homemade boiler from a gas cylinder for water heating can be made using the same principle: weld around the cylinder water jacket, and connect it to the radiators. Just don’t forget that the system must have an expansion tank with a volume of 10% of the total displacement.

You now know how to make a potbelly stove from a gas cylinder and how to improve it. Watch another video about an interesting option for a combined stove for a summer house or garage made of brick and a gas cylinder.

Many owners summer cottages and country houses often encounter problems in the heating system of their seasonal homes. For such buildings it is recommended to use brick kilns. But such a heating design has a number of serious disadvantages. It is enough to quickly heat a residential building in which people do not live permanently. not an easy task. Gas stoves - an alternative heating option country house and dachas.

Design Features

Such devices are practically no different in design from gas-fired boilers.

The main feature is the method of operation. The gas furnace is not connected to pipelines. This is a convenient heating system for a home or cottage, allowing you to quickly warm up the premises. The coolant liquid will not be able to freeze in it.

The devices operate on mains or bottled gas. The design of the stove has a body, a firebox, a burner, a heating panel, and automation (fuel supply shut-off system).

A device designed to operate with liquefied gas can be used to heat a small house (one- or two-story). For heating large areas(more than 60 m2) gas-fired stoves are not suitable.

Similar heating structures can operate in continuous or temporary mode.

This device is one of the most important elements of such a heating system. Burners used in gas furnaces have different fuel consumption. To heat a small house or cottage, you can use a device that consumes no more than 4 m3/h.

The burner is a replaceable element. It can be purchased and installed separately. A part of the required power is selected and installed in the existing furnace. In this case, you need to pay attention to ensure that the sizes match threaded connection burner and fuel supply source to the heating device. The dimensions of the mounting window for this element are 40-55 cm.

All gas stoves for heating homes must have certificates confirming their compliance state standard safety and quality. If there is no such documentation, then it is better not to purchase such a product.

The walls of the fuel cell are heated by combustion of fuel. Air, to support the combustion process, is supplied through the ash pan.

At the top of the heating device there is a chimney (combustion products exit through it), it is connected to the firebox.

Advantages

A gas stove used to heat a country house or cottage is efficient heating system. Due to the characteristics of the fuel material used and the nuances of operation, they have gained wide popularity. Their undoubted advantages include the following:

durability, reliability (in fact, there is nothing to break in such a heating device, the warranty period for their operation is 12 years, but in fact a gas stove will last much longer);
environmental safety (appliances using gas for heating will not harm humans and the environment, unlike boilers running on solid fuel, they do not emit toxins during operation and can be used at any time of the day or year);
Efficiency at a high level;
ergonomics (gas consumption is 133 g/h; in areas with mains gas, this value is even lower);
space saving (unlike firewood, gas does not need a separate storage room, it does not need to be delivered, you can fill the cylinder at any gas station);
ease of operation (stoves are connected to the main pipeline or to a regular gas cylinder and provide comfortable living conditions).

Flaws

Gas ovens are not without their drawbacks. The equipment itself and its installation are by no means cheap. Natural gas, although the most inexpensive fuel, its cost in our country is systematically increasing.

Gas-fired stoves are quite difficult to install and connect. In the event of even the smallest mistake, you can encounter huge problems in using such devices (they either will not do what they are intended for, or will begin to pose a danger to the life and health of residents).

Nuances of installation and use

When installing gas equipment at home or in the country, it is necessary to take into account a number of requirements for it.

Often, to heat a private home, not one, but two devices are connected to the chimney. If two gas units are connected, then they are placed on different levels in relation to each other. The distance between them must be at least 0.5 m. It is necessary to make a cut in the chimney if it is decided to mount the heating devices on the same level.

This design can be in the shape of a cylinder, oval, or in some cases even a square. But in the latter option, you may encounter the problem of poor-quality traction.

The gas furnace pipe must have the same or smaller cross-section as the chimney duct. If several heating devices are connected, the cross-section is determined using special calculations. It is taken into account that the units can operate simultaneously.

The chimney pipe must be protected from excess condensate. To do this, a stainless steel structure is mounted inside it. The chimney must be installed strictly vertically. There should be no ledges.

Installation

It is required to maintain a certain distance between the wall and the oven: it must be at least 5 m.

The heating device must be placed on a non-flammable solid base, the dimensions of which must exceed the parameters of the stove by 10 cm on each side.

Absolutely forbidden

You cannot create a chimney from materials that have a porous structure. It is also prohibited to route the pipe through rooms with poor ventilation.

Criterias of choice

When purchasing a gas stove for heating a country house, cottage, bathhouse, garage, you need to pay attention to the following:

the size of the unit, its compliance with the parameters of the structure that it will have to heat;
the presence of an automatic system for shutting off the fuel supply, thermostat and gas fuse (the last two will require a small overpayment, but during the operation of the gas stove they will save money);
possibility of functioning gas burner on main and liquefied gas;
equipment certification.

Manufacturers

Gas ovens Russian production(“Teplodar”, “Rus”, “Troika”, “Termofor”) have good feedback. They are of high quality and are presented on the domestic market in a wide range. They have a nice design, a steel firebox, a door made of metal or heat-resistant glass. Such units are distinguished by high performance, simplicity and unpretentiousness in use. Some models are equipped with special valves that allow you to regulate the temperature.

Gas stove for heating a dacha or a private home - profitable and practical option. If you wish, you can assemble it yourself, but if you make a mistake, such a device can lead to a leak of fuel material and an explosion. Therefore, compliance with safety precautions is very important.

What distinguishes a Russian bath from a Turkish hammam or Finnish sauna? A stove that is not just heating device, but with her real heart. There is an opinion that it must be a heater, but if there is a connection to gas (mains or bottled), then a gas sauna stove will do an excellent job of heating a bathhouse and quickly heating a large volume of water. Such a unit is light in weight, easy to use, does not require regular cleaning of the gas pipeline, in other words, a real godsend for lovers of bath procedures.

Additional advantages of the equipment include quick heating of the room, efficiency, which is especially important in the winter, and relative ease of manufacture. Currently, the store range of heating equipment is quite wide, as well as price policy, but if necessary, we will tell you how to make a stove for a gas bath with your own hands.

The final cost of such a gas furnace directly depends on the material from which it is built. The highest quality and most efficient is a brick stove with a built-in inflatable burner; a metal stove is an economical option, which is also advisable to be lined with brick.

Design features

The gas furnace is structurally identical in many respects to a regular boiler, but differs in quality characteristics associated with the characteristics of the gas. Thus, a fuse is necessarily provided in the housing, which stops the fuel supply when the burner goes out, creating an absolutely sealed gas chamber. But the fundamental difference lies in the fuel supply - if in a solid fuel stove the fuel is loaded into the chamber, then in a gas stove it comes directly from the gas pipeline.

For maximum safe operation gas cylinders are always placed outside the building in a special container or bunker placed underground.

How to calculate the consumption of natural and liquefied gas

The main indicator on which the calculation depends is the area of the room and the power consumption of the equipment. Outdoor temperature readings taken during the coldest time are also taken into account.

The calculated figure is ideally always 35-50% higher than actually consumed, since the air temperature always changes up or down. When choosing finished equipment This fact should be taken into account and instead of, for example, 100 W of energy, you can take 50.

The amount of natural gas is calculated using the formula:

L = Q / (qH x 0.92),

L - calculated volume of fuel (1 cubic meter per hour);
Q - heating power, kW;
qН - maximum fuel combustion power, for natural gas 10.175 kW/m 3 ;
0.92 - efficiency gas boiler/ovens.

On average, for heating a room with an area of 100 sq.m. the calculation will look like this:

5 / (10.175 x 0.92) = 0.53 m 3 / h,

which corresponds to the consumption of natural gas per unit of time (hour).

Based on such indicators, it is possible to determine the nominal gas consumption in any room for a certain period of time. Since the bathhouse is not used daily or around the clock, this consumption will be less.

Bottled (liquefied) gas is more expensive and its consumption will have to be calculated not by liters, like natural gas, but by kilograms. The heat of combustion of gas remains the same - 10.175 kW/m 3 =12.8 kW/kg, heating power - 5. We get:

5 / (12.8 x 0.92) = 0.42 kg/h,

which corresponds to 0.78 liters per hour. Considering that 1 liter of bottled gas weighs 540 mg. Based on the approximate number of days and hours of operation of the bath, you can calculate the required volume.

In order to make a stove for a gas bath with your own hands, you need to decide on three main parameters:

Material;
What kind of gas burner will it be?
Placement of the container - built-in or remote tank.

Now about each of them in more detail.

What materials are used

As mentioned earlier, to make a stove for a gas bath with your own hands, it is recommended to use fireclay (fireproof) brick, metal or stone. Stone stoves take much longer to heat up (4-5 hours), but the temperature is maintained 3-4 hours longer than metal stoves. Brick ones are characterized by similar indicators. In turn, metal units heat up faster (rooms up to 50 sq.m. completely warm up in 2.5-3 hours), but also cool faster.

At the same time, metal stoves are lighter than their brick counterparts and are easier to manufacture, and if the outside is lined with fireclay bricks, then there will be no fundamental difference between the 2 units.

Gas-burners

There are 2 main types of burners - atmospheric and pressurized.

The first option is the simplest, which does not require automatic control and related equipment. With such an atmospheric atmosphere, the intensity of the fire is maintained by the air entering the chamber through the doors; accordingly, the heating efficiency directly depends on the amount of incoming air.

The operation of the inflatable burner is ensured by a blower fan, which forces air into the chamber and also supports the operation of the burner. Considering that the fan operates from the mains, the heating unit is energy dependent, which means it is more expensive.

A similar fan is installed in solid fuel, combined and pyrolysis boilers. You will learn about this in the corresponding article.

Water tank location

By analogy with traditional sauna stoves using gas equipment, the water tank can be built-in, removable or remote, that is, located in another room. In the built-in one, water heats up much faster, which is facilitated by combustion products in the heater.

To heat water in a remote tank, which can be installed in the same room or directly in the steam room, a pipe system is used.

How to make a gas stove for a sauna with your own hands

To install a gas stove and connect it, you must obtain permission. Specifications and the connection procedure in each region must be agreed with the city gas services.

This article will discuss the manufacture of a brick gas stove with a burner. Despite the apparent complexity, it is possible to manufacture such equipment, but it is necessary to follow construction technologies and production procedures.

Preparatory process

The main design issue is the location of the future furnace. The optimal location would be to install it in 2 rooms so that all rooms are heated, including where people relax. The power of the manufactured stove will be enough to heat 3 main ones - a steam room, a washing room and a dressing room.

Necessary materials:

fireclay brick;
galvanized steel sheet;
fittings;
pipe, grate;
clay and sand;
2 doors for the blower and firebox;
base,
chimney pipe;
mineral wool for insulation,
heater,
burner (atmospheric or pressurized),
heat-resistant steel sheet,
decorative overlays,
automatic control unit for blower burner.

Video 2 Making a brick stove for a bathhouse

Foundation

Before erecting the furnace itself, a proper foundation should be made:

You dig out the foundation half a meter below the freezing level.
Pour sand 20 cm thick into the bottom - this air bag, which reduces the risk of soil movement. Fill the sand with plenty of water, and top it with a 20-25 cm layer of broken bricks or construction waste.
Fill it with 10-15 cm of crushed stone and begin formwork. Be sure to make a reinforced frame! Pour concrete from cement, crushed stone, sand (in equal parts) and water (1/2 volume).
After the formwork has dried, remove wooden frame(as an option, the formwork can be permanent) and cover the entire surface with 2-3 layers of tar (you can use roofing felt).

Furnace walls

Be sure to install a protective wall that will eliminate the risk of fire in the bathhouse. To make it, it is fashionable to use cut bricks (half), laid on a sand-clay mortar.

The solution is prepared at the rate of 1 part clay and 1 part river sand.

To lay the base of the furnace, the bricks are completely immersed in cold water for a few minutes, after which they are still wet and placed on the solution on a bitumen base (waterproofing). The distance between bricks should vary between 3-5 mm. All subsequent rows are laid out in a checkerboard pattern.

In the 3rd row you build in the blower door. It is better to attach it to the base with steel strips.

In the 4th row, make a well for the grate. Cut small holes in the bricks (0.5 cm on each side) so that there is room for thermal expansion of the metal.

Installation of fittings

In the 6th row, you also attach the door for the blower to steel strips.
In the 7th - a grate.
8th - installation of a partition for the construction of a chimney pipe.
14 - insertion of channels for the tank. To do this, it is necessary to make a recess into which the tank will subsequently “fit.”
From the 15th row, bricks are laid in half to make a distribution wall. From rows 15 to 18, the layout decreases.
In the 19th row, a door is installed to release excess vapors.
In 20-21 there are strips for the built-in container, which must also be lined with brick.
From the 23rd row you start laying chimney, the size of which is selected from the size of the bathhouse room. On the street side, the pipe must be insulated with mineral wool and its height is 1 meter above the roof ridge.

The minimum thickness of the chimney pipe must be at least ½ the thickness of the brick.

For street laying of the base under the chimney, it is recommended to use concrete mortar to prevent it from being washed away by precipitation.

The final stage

After the furnace laying is completed, it must be plastered. This is done not only for decorative reasons, but also to improve thermal insulation properties. For plastering, you can use any available solution, adding at least a quarter of the volume of alabaster. This will qualitatively improve the finish and allow the materials to “breathe”.

If alabaster is not available, you can use gypsum, but prepare the solution in small portions. Compared to alabaster, gypsum sets 2 times faster.

When choosing between a main gas pipeline and bottled gas, keep in mind that the latter has a higher thermal power coefficient. Let us remind you once again that the gas cylinder must be kept outside the room, preferably buried in a box underground.
Be sure to use an automatic unit for a gas boiler. This is necessary to stop the fuel supply in the event of any emergency.
The homemade gas sauna stove discussed in the article can be started after 14-20 days, depending on the ambient temperature. It is not recommended to bring it to full heating during initial startup.
Be sure to use iron barriers between and in front of the wall and the heating unit to eliminate the risk of spontaneous combustion.
Chimney labor is always made from of stainless steel.
Maximum distance from the gas burner to the end of the chimney pipe - within 5 meters.
In the room where a gas sauna stove is installed, you need to ensure high-quality ventilation with your own hands or with the help of specialists.

And here you will find out how ovens differ from each other, and which one is better to choose in a ready-made version.

Video 3 How one sauna stove differs from another

In general, we note that a gas stove for a bath is the best option. It quickly heats the room, maintains the temperature for a long time, is economical to operate, and there is no need for frequent cleaning of the chimney. But only this type of heating equipment, provided it is connected to the main line, requires a number of coordination actions for subsequent operation.

Connoisseurs of Russian baths know very well what a bath stove is. It's just her heart. Therefore, the choice should be taken seriously. It's best to do this on initial stage construction.

Many people prefer to make it themselves, while others are going to buy a ready-made one. Units of this type are presented in large quantities on the retail market. If it is possible to use mains gas, then it is advisable to install gas sauna stoves with a heat exchanger for heating water.

They not only quickly warm up the air in the bathhouse, but also sufficiently saturate the walls with heat, but this will require much more time. And heated walls are the key to a good bath.

Depending on the type of fuel, stoves can be various types: powered by electricity, wood, solid fuel or gas. Read the article about how to choose a stove for a bath. Here we will look at what a gas sauna stove equipped with a heat exchanger is.

High-quality gas sauna stoves with an additional heat exchanger can satisfy the requirements of the most avid bath attendant:

A modern gas bath stove with an additional heat exchanger has enough compact dimensions, even placement in small rooms is possible.
Nowadays, gas sauna stoves have many types and modifications and have a modern design. It will fit perfectly into any bathhouse interior.
The automation equipped with a gas sauna stove can maintain the set temperature and air humidity without your participation.
The ease of operation of a gas sauna stove makes it possible for even a child to use the stove.
Availability of fuel - a constant supply of gas will allow you not to think about purchasing raw materials for heating the premises in the bathhouse.
If desired, a gas stove for a bathhouse can be installed with your own hands in the shortest possible time and without additional costs, however, to connect the stove in the bathhouse, you need to invite a gas service representative.

It should also be noted here that for baths, gas stoves with an additional heat exchanger are available for any room size. A smaller building volume will allow you to save on costs without reducing the quality of heating. You don’t need to save much to buy a unit, because the stove will last for many years. It is worth taking only high-quality products.

Installation Rules

Gas can be installed, but some rules must be followed to install such a structure:

The indoor gas pipeline must be made of copper and steel.
If flexible connections are used for connection, they must be resistant to pressure and temperature.
Installation of flexible hoses must be carried out in accordance with current standards. If they are produced in other countries, you need to take a certificate for the product.
Flexible connections used for gas connections must be marked "gas" and possess diameter 10 mm. The sleeves should not have joints, that is, they should be solid.
The gas pipe must be protected from damage.
If a centralized gas supply is not provided for the bathhouse, a discharge of combustible products into the atmosphere must be installed.

Only if the above conditions are met can a gas stove for a bath be installed with your own hands.

Oven requirements

These requirements apply to all types of furnaces, but they should not be neglected:

A gas stove for a bath should be fireproof, compact, easy to use.
Have sufficient power to heat the room, provide required quantity pair.
Models equipped with a heat exchanger must heat the required amount of water.
The heat should be enough to dry the room after the procedures are completed.

Types of gas stoves for baths

A gas stove for a bath is a device specifically for heating a room. Gas furnaces with a heat exchanger are used for autonomous heating and water heating. Support high temperature and they are not capable of humidity.

Gas stoves for baths are divided into several groups according to certain characteristics:

according to the burner used;
according to the material of manufacture;
by type of fuel used;
according to the method of heating water.

Gas stoves for baths can be made of stone or have a metal body. Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Burners used in gas furnaces

Gas furnaces use two types of burners: atmospheric and forced-air.

Atmospheric burners have the simplest possible design. They do not require electricity and do not use serious automation. Air is supplied through special pipes or through an ash door. The efficiency of this type of furnace directly depends on the quality of the air supply into the chamber. If the flow of oxygen occurs in small quantities, the gas is not completely burned, and this significantly affects the efficiency of such equipment.
Pressurized burners have a more complex structure; they are energy-dependent devices. Here, air is forced into the chamber due to the operation of a fan. This design is very efficient in operation. They use universal turbocharged burners, which allows them to be used in combined mode ( atmospheric burners unsuitable for such work).

This type of burner is not suitable for a brick kiln. This system requires the chimney and stove to be completely sealed for the fan to operate. Brickwork “breathes” on its own, due to the material used.

When the fan operates, a certain pressure is created, and exhaust carbon monoxide can enter the room.

Heating water in gas furnaces

Gas stoves can maintain not only the set temperature in the bathhouse, but also heat the water. For these purposes, stoves are equipped with a heat exchanger; the energy of the combustion products of the stove, which are removed through the chimney system, as well as the heat of heated stones, is used to heat water.

The water tank can be placed above or below the heater. In this design, the chimney is routed through the water itself. To solve the compactness of the unit it will be ideal model(it takes up no more space than a unit without a water heater).

Heating can also be done through the housing - then the tank is hung on the back panel of the stove or on the side.

Automation for gas heater

This is a serious issue that determines the safety and quality of the structure.

You should choose according to the following principles:

temperature maintenance level;
degree of protection;
when an emergency occurs, the gas supply to the system must be stopped;
when the system depressurizes, an emergency shutdown must be performed;
must monitor the gas supply pressure to the system, when a leak is detected, the system should turn itself off;
the presence of built-in pneumatics to shut off the fuel supply.

Brick gas ovens

Ovens of this design take a long time to warm up, but retain heat well. Therefore, you should start warming up early.

The appearance is not much different from the most ordinary wood stove. It will look great in a bathhouse decorated in traditional style. The fire door serves to access the heater, which is located inside the structure. It is heated by flows of warm air that rise due to gas combustion.

Here, directly above the burner, there is a heater, to which the special requirements. The heating stones are located in a trough made of metal, which has sides along the entire perimeter (this prevents the poured water from reaching the fire).

Metal gas furnaces

A do-it-yourself gas bath stove made of metal is characterized by a relatively small thickness of the body walls and a small amount stones in the heater. This model warms up quickly, but also cools down quickly. Models of this type are quite compact; they can be used to equip a bathhouse of almost any size.

This design is low cost. If you have a small set of tools, you can make it yourself in the shortest possible time. Here we will describe the manufacture of a gas stove that is powered by a gas cylinder. Many speak positively about this design, which has a very simple structure.

The principle of operation of a gas furnace

In a separate chamber, which is located in front of the burner, gas is mixed with oxygen. Air enters the firebox and ensures normal combustion. To ensure air supply and the possibility of cleaning the burner, a door is mounted at the bottom of the stove. Gas is supplied through a tube.

If bottled gas is used for the stove, this should be taken quite seriously. Such a cylinder should be placed outside the bathhouse. Some install cylinders in the ground, a few meters from the bathhouse. It should be borne in mind that the propane mixture is more efficient for the operation of the furnace.

Materials needed

Materials must be prepared in advance.

This will allow you not to be distracted while working:

Many people write that you can use any old gas cylinder to ensure the operation of the stove.

Attention: do not use old cylinders! Not only are you putting yourself in danger, but such a cylinder will not be filled with gas. Only those that have passed verification are accepted for refueling. An old cylinder will not be accepted.

Any brake disc, most importantly, without cracks, will serve as a base for the heater.
Buy two gas pipes with a diameter of 50 mm (they will provide a supply of gas and air to the chamber) and one with a diameter of 100 mm (the chimney will be made from it).
Gas burner (preferably atmospheric type).
Connections for connections.

Under no circumstances use connections made from silumin. They are cheap, but when heated or a slight impact they immediately burst. You should buy ones made of copper or bronze.

Furnace installation

First, we cut the cylinder using a grinder and cutting wheel. The diameter of the cutting base must correspond to the radius brake disc so that you can secure it without any problems. When fastening, it is best to use welding, after which you should clean up any metal stains using a grinder and a grinding wheel.

To supply air to the system, we prepare a pipe with a radius of 50 mm. We make about 10 holes in it with a diameter of about 5 mm.
We make a hole slightly larger than the diameter of the pipe in the bottom of the cylinder. We install the pipe so that the whole end extends 20 cm from the cylinder. We weld the joint.

This system is used to attach the gas supply pipe.
To connect to gas, install an adapter for gas installation. We treat the joint with sealant.
We secure the chimney at the top of the pipe.
A hole is cut for the door. The curtains are attached to the cut piece of metal and attached to the body.

When installing a stove, it is extremely important to protect the wall from overheating and fire. To do this, an expanded clay sheet is mounted between the stove and the wall. This insulation is done in two layers. Finally, a reflective stainless steel screen should be used. It is possible to equip the furnace with an indirect heating heat exchanger.

Well-chosen gas stoves for saunas and high-quality workmanship installation work will provide you with a comfortable and safe stay.