At any woodworking enterprise, regardless of scale, sooner or later a problem arises with waste after wood processing. An edge trimming machine allows you to turn edged boards and log remains into glazing beads, platbands and other useful products that bring profit. At the same time, wood is used to the fullest extent possible, leaving a minimum of sawdust and useless waste. Let's consider the design of this unit, its application and operating features.
general information
The two-saw edge trimming machine “Altai-011” and its analogues allow you to process the rounded parts of slabs and shalevki. The result is edged boards or bars with a thickness of five millimeters, which are used in construction and interior design. Also, these products are used in various finishing works on the design of "change houses", car vans and other things.
The most popular machines are domestic production modifications of TsOD-450. In addition, you can make such a unit yourself for use in the household. The use of such devices makes it possible to minimize production waste and process wood as efficiently as possible.
Edge trimming machine TsOD-450: technical characteristics
The main parameters that the unit in question has:
- maximum width/thickness/length of the processed material - 700/80/7000 millimeters;
- dimensions of circular saws - 450/50 mm;
- the clearance of the working frame is ten centimeters;
- the maximum possible distance between saws is 38 cm;
- speed - three hundred rotations per minute;
- operating power - 11 kW;
- overall dimensions - 1.4/1.2/8.55 meters;
- weight - six hundred kilograms.
The edge trimming machine can be equipped with electric or liquid power supply to the power unit. The working unit moves along the guide skis manually or by electric drive.
Device
The woodworking device in question may have one or two saws. In the first option, it is allowed to make no more than one cut per pass. Then the workpiece must be turned over.
The two-saw edge trimming machine TsOD-450 allows you to trim the workpiece on both sides in one pass. One operation makes it possible to cut shalevka directly into boards or bars the right size. Any machine is equipped with a bed, a platform for placing the workpiece, as well as a motor carriage that drives the circular saws. This design allows you to cut workpieces of different lengths and widths, which reduces waste.
Functionality
The operating principle with which the edge trimming machine is equipped has common features, regardless of the number of working saws and the dimensions of the unit. Placed on the frame wooden blank, which moves along one saw or several cutting elements. The carriage is moved by the operator manually or using an electric drive.
The single-saw version requires two passes to trim the edge of the workpiece on both sides. As a rule, such a device works in both directions.
The two-saw version is equipped with saws that rotate in different sides. This machine significantly increases labor productivity. Multi-saw models are designed for processing bars and boards various sizes. There are variants of units equipped with 12-14 saws.
The equipment requires adjustment of the distance between working parts. Later models have an automatic controller that allows you to set the distance between the saws with an error of no more than one millimeter. Also, modernized versions are equipped with a laser ruler and a speed controller.
Modifications
At domestic woodworking enterprises there are mainly machines Russian production. Among them, the DPC-450 series units are especially popular, namely:
- "Taiga".
- "Cedar".
- "Altai".
- "Aster".
- "Vanguard"
- "Stylet".
Foreign analogues have a higher price and are represented predominantly German manufacturers MS Maschinenbau and Wood-Mizer HR1000.
How to make an edge trimming machine with your own hands?
It is quite problematic to construct equipment with two or more saws yourself. Yes and in household use The single-saw option is quite sufficient. Let's see how you can make it yourself?
It is worth noting that significant financial resources will have to be spent on the construction of such a unit. However, if you have pipe scraps, sheets of metal and old motors in your storage, the cost of the work is significantly reduced.
In order to make a home edge trimming machine, you will need the following parts and components:
- Metal corners, channels and pipes.
- Electrical engine.
- Working shafts (you can use elements from agricultural machinery).
- Circular saw.
- Toolkit, which includes a drill, a welding unit and a grinder.
- Fasteners (bolts, washers, nuts, screw ties).
Manufacturing process
First we make a strong and reliable frame. Metal channels are suitable for this stage. They must first be cleaned of rust and damage. If we take the dimensions of a machine with dimensions of 6.5/2.5/1.0 meters as an example, we will need to weld a frame of the appropriate dimensions and adapt stable legs to it.
Then we perform the following manipulations:
- At the top of the frame, corners are welded along the longitudinal sides, which will serve to move the working carriage.
- Then a groove is made for mounting the shafts.
- The channels are welded together in the shape of the letter “P”, serving as the basis for the carriage itself.
- A crossbar designed to move the saw is attached by welding.
- The motor is being installed. Here you need to be especially careful. It should be taken into account that to ensure the correct operation of equipment with a disk with a diameter of 250 millimeters, an engine providing a speed of at least five thousand revolutions per minute is suitable.
Conclusion
The edge trimming machine TsOD-450 is a unit that is in demand in industrial woodworking production, as well as in private households. It allows you to make maximum use of the processed wood, is unpretentious in maintenance and has a lot of modifications. Will not amount to special labor select a unit in accordance with the required functionality, performance and price.
Have you decided to open your own business?, You were looking for a business idea, and here is one of the ideas - wood processing. Wood processing is possible in several options:
1. Sawmilling or otherwise sawing round timber for lumber - boards, beams, sleepers, etc.
2. Manufacturing of molded products - lining, batten, block house, plinth, etc.
3. Manufacturing of carpentry - windows, doors, stairs, furniture and others.
1. The most simple view woodworking business is sawmilling or, as they also say, the organization of a sawmill - a sawmill. Despite the fact that this business, as already mentioned, is the simplest in woodworking, it is also quite profitable and does not require huge initial costs. You can start a sawmill business by purchasing just one machine - a band or disk sawmill. Of course, you will need some area to accommodate the machine, raw materials (round sawlogs) and finished products. It’s good if you have access to electricity with a voltage of 380V, but if you don’t have the opportunity to connect to a power supply with a voltage of 380V, don’t worry, you can always make money on sawmills equipped with a motor internal combustion(gasoline sawmill or diesel sawmill), or in extreme cases, you can power it with electricity from a generator.
As for the site for placing a sawmill, an area of about 300 m2 (for example, 10x30 m) is sufficient; if the area is larger, then this is of course better. The site can be in the open air; you can make a canopy over it from substandard lumber and slabs obtained at your own sawmill. Can you tell me why this is so? small area enough, where to store the finished products? Finished products should not be stored, but sold. You will sell lumber regularly, since lumber has always been a highly liquid product - for example, not a single construction site can do without lumber (boards, beams, beams).
You can easily purchase raw materials (round timber-saw logs), there is no need to harvest the timber yourself. And if you have the opportunity to harvest timber, then this is only a plus - the cost of production will be lower and the profit will be higher.
You will pay off the initial costs of purchasing a sawmill in just a couple of months, and then it will only be a net plus. You will already be thinking about expanding production and increasing your machine park. Then it’s time to buy an edger, a slab-edge machine or other sawmill equipment that will be necessary to solve the problems of sawing wood.
2. Manufacturing of molded products- This is a different level of production. For the manufacture of lining, floorboards, block houses, imitation timber, plinths, etc., additional equipment will be required:
Drying chamber powered by electricity or sawmill waste
Cross-cutting machine
optional equipment - a machine for splicing blanks in length and width (splicing line), then you can make molded products from almost any raw material, even waste and cuttings.
3. Manufacturing of carpentry and furniture also requires additional equipment - a surface planer, a milling cutter, lathe, a combined machine, a press or something else - it all depends on the type of product being manufactured.
The manufacture of joinery, as well as the manufacture of moldings, requires drying of the lumber. At the initial stages, you can buy already dry boards or send the lumber to other organizations to dry.
Finishing the edges of furniture parts is an important stage in its production. Quality edges help protect the material, be it wood or plywood, from various negative impacts, and also give it a beautiful and finished look.
Any normal enterprise Any manufacturer of furniture must have equipment for finishing edges. There is a special unit for this, which is called an edge banding machine.
If you have your own small production or you are just a single craftsman making various wood products, then you do not have to waste money and buy such a device. It is relatively easy to make with your own hands, spending a little time and effort. A homemade edge banding machine will perform its task no worse than a factory unit, but will cost the owner significantly less.
The operating principle of an edge banding machine and some device options
This device is widely used both in private workshops and in industrial scale. The following can be used as working material for decorating wooden products:
- Paper.
- Veneer.
- Melamine.
The typical width of the cladding is approximately 2-5 centimeters, and the thickness can vary between 0.4-3 millimeters.
The essence of the device is that a facing material is passed through it, onto which glue is applied using special rollers. It is important to choose normal temperature, at which the adhesion of the glue will be of the highest quality.
Of course, if we're talking about If you want to make an edge banding machine with your own hands, then it is unlikely to have some of the advanced functions of a factory product, for example, heating the glue. Although it is quite easy to organize even this mechanism - it just takes a little more patience and time.
As for the types of the device in question, the following options are distinguished:
- For working with curved edges. Usually, manual feeding of material is used here, since the master needs to adjust in time to the next bend on the part and rushing for an automatic belt will definitely not work.
- For straight-line processing. Such products, as a rule, have automatic feeding. They are the ones most often used in mass production furniture or other things made of wood.
Typical design
To make edge trimmer DIY was successful, you need to familiarize yourself with the typical design of such a unit.
The cladding supply system consists of a roll, a guillotine and special rollers. There is also a special magazine where the beginning of the tape is fed. It is pulled by rollers to the very part that needs to be processed, along the way being covered with a layer of suitable glue, heated to the desired temperature.
The mentioned rollers must have an adjustable speed, this is the only way to organize optimal speed tape feed. A guillotine is needed to cut the material to the required length. Trimming occurs both automatically and manual mode, depending on the type of device and its tasks. The trim is adjusted so that approximately 25-30 millimeters of allowance remains.
There are some types facing materials, which immediately come with glue applied to them. In this case, it is enough to warm them up before use. If this is not the case, then the glue is contained separately in a special tray. Its temperature takes typical values of 150-200 degrees Celsius.
Press between wooden part and cladding is performed with a special support roller, although there may be several of them. When making a homemade edge banding machine, you can get by with just one such element, adding the necessary force with your physical strength.
Video: Homemade edging machine.
How to make the device yourself
Since the units in question have a fairly high price on the market, many craftsmen are willing to spend some time making them themselves. In principle, this option will also be quite sufficient for normal operation, but here you will have to pay more attention to safety precautions and use the device very carefully.
First, you need to acquire the necessary components. The standard package includes:
- Automatic trim cutting unit.
- The rotation control unit for the rotation of the rollers feeding the tape is good if it is equipped with a special indicator.
- A place for heating the glue, some kind of thermostat.
- Adhesive tape supply unit.
- Guides that will help to properly fix the workpiece.
If you have stocked up with everything you need, you can start assembling. Of course, nothing prevents you from moving a little away from the accepted configuration and adding some of your own additional components that will help make the device more convenient and functional.
It is very difficult to give any specific advice on assembly, because you cannot predict what parts a person will be able to find and how he will manage them. The main thing that needs to be done is to look at a typical diagram of the unit and connect the specified components in in the right order. First, filling the material for cladding, then stretching it with applying glue, further delivery to wooden product and a sticker.
As a conclusion, it is worth noting that any person who has experience working with mechanisms, basic electronics and tools will be able to make an edge banding machine with their own hands. A little imagination - and you will get what you want.
The production of lumber from logs is accompanied by the formation of rounded waste. On large equipment with circular saw it will not be possible to process them into products suitable for further use. For such needs, it is advisable to have a through-type edge trimmer with one or more saws. You can get your own assortment of building blanks with a thickness of 0.5 cm and higher: bars, thin edged board, slats, lamellas, glazing beads.
Various solutions in machine design
Depending on the intended purpose and installation location, an edge-edging woodworking machine can combine the following design solutions:
- internal combustion engine or electric;
- carriage with cutting elements driven automatically/manually;
- number of saws making simultaneous cuts (1, 2, 3...).
Common to the edge trimming machine are a frame with guides for moving the carriage, clamps - clamps for the workpiece, a control unit, and optionally - a laser ruler, which simplifies positioning operations.
Models for industrial production differ automatic device feeding wood under a stationary carriage. They are equipped with systems for removing sawdust, dust, and waste.
Features of work
If a single-saw unit is installed on the edge trimming machine, then cut one side of the board first, and the other in reverse. This option is suitable for small processing volumes. A multi-saw edge trimming machine, which, if necessary, has up to 14 simultaneously operating saws, can reduce time and costs. The cutting is performed in 1 pass of the carriage.
Circular saws on the Taiga edge trimmer are installed with rotation in opposite directions.
A two-saw (or more) edge trimmer is adjusted manually, setting the gap between the cutting discs. Later models of twin saw edgers are equipped with electronically controlled, there is no need to mechanically reconfigure the machine yourself. The rotation speed is changed by a switch, and a laser ruler is used to accurately position the board on the table.
Servicing of this type of equipment during operation is carried out by 2 people.
How to make a hand loom
You can make an edge trimmer yourself after some preliminary preparation. It is necessary to determine the main parameters of the future equipment, develop drawings of the edge trimming machine, and provide for the main and auxiliary equipment. Useful to consider technical solutions standard analogues famous manufacturers. Every homemade version finds wider application if unified by raw materials and products.
The initial data can be specifications taiga installations:
- engine power from 5.5 kW for a single-saw k1 to 15 kW for a two-saw k-2m;
- circular sawsø 450 – 500 mm;
- rotation speed – 3000 rpm;
- adjustable distance between saws 50 – 340 mm;
- cutting depth 85 – 105 mm;
- permissible board dimensions 6.5 × 0.6 m.
The frame for placing the workpiece is welded from a channel to fit the size of the workpiece inside the passage of the cutting element. Main criterion– stability, absence of vibrations during operation. Height 1 m. Guides for the carriage rollers are welded on the longitudinal sides.
It is better to make a homemade unit with a movable saw unit. This will allow you to control the feed speed and quality of the cut, and reduce defects.
We assemble the moving part from 2 U-shaped posts connected by a crossbar. This is a frame for mounting powered edge trimming saws.
The cleanliness of the cut can be improved by setting the overdrive gear to 5000 rpm. The motor for a home-made cutting unit is from 4 kW (single-saw) and above, the Ø of the disc for a single-saw edger is from 250 mm.
As the number of disks increases, performance improves. The three-saw edger will allow you to effectively cut timber, glazing beads, and slats with a minimum of costs.
