Choosing cutters for a walk-behind tractor is a responsible process, because this element plays an important role in ensuring the efficiency of the device. In order to choose the right cutters, you need to understand the distinctive features of these products, understand what types and types of cutters exist.
The importance of making the right choice
Many novice summer residents think that the most important thing is to purchase a high-quality walk-behind tractor, but they do not pay due attention to the choice of cutters. Such a mistake can be costly when processing the territory, since the correct choice of cutters affects the following points.
- Quality of cultivation. If you purchase and use high-quality cutters, you can even do without a plow.
- Save time. Good cutters allow you to spend a minimum amount of time on certain works for processing a summer cottage.
- The cutters ensure ease of control of the walk-behind tractor. An incorrectly selected part can cause increased stress on the operator during the milling process.
In addition, bad cutters can place increased load on the walk-behind tractor gearbox, which will negatively affect its durability and performance. It is necessary to select such elements based on many factors, including the thickness and type of soil being processed.
Carefully study the features of your walk-behind tractor, as the following are important: wheel stop pin, trailed, PTO or rotary machine, as well as other points.
Factory cutters
Such tillers are considered one of the most popular and in demand on the market. These are the varieties that are equipped with factory walk-behind tractors. Depending on their purpose and design, these cutters can be assembled or dismounted. During the selection process, a person decides for himself which walk-behind tractor he needs, but he will not be able to choose a specific type of cutter. If the equipment was initially equipped with an assembled version, then in the future it will be possible to use exclusively such models.
The design of the cutter may vary depending on the manufacturer and other features. It usually includes a pair of sections that are connected to each other using bolts. Important when operating such an element, the cultivation width has a width that can vary depending on the addition of sections.
Distinctive feature factory cutter is that it is offered complete with a walk-behind tractor. For standard tasks it will be quite sufficient. But it is worth considering that tillers from Chinese walk-behind tractors cannot boast of impressive efficiency. If low-quality metal was used during the production process, then problems will arise already during the first processing.
For example, when cultivating virgin land, it will be extremely difficult for the user to control the walk-behind tractor. In addition, this will lead to an increase in the load on the gearbox, which will also negatively affect the durability of the device.
Crow's feet
Milling cutters crow's feet» are considered one of the most popular on the market thanks to high quality and reliability. The main disadvantage of such cutters is their non-separable design, which makes it impossible to carry out repairs if they fail. However, if you choose quality option, then he can serve long years, fully fulfilling his obligations. Among the main advantages of using such cutters are the following.
- The ability to decide for yourself how many plate sections can be placed on a walk-behind tractor. However, it is important to consider technical features device and the required milling width.
- Robust design that allows the walk-behind tractor to be used for processing hard soils.
- Copes much better with plant residues.
- A unique sleeve that can come in several shapes. Hexagonal and round options. This allows you to select suitable option for any walk-behind tractor, regardless of its type and other indicators.
- Reduces the load on the gearbox, which prevents overheating of the device and has a positive effect on the durability of the equipment.
- Significantly simplifies the process of controlling the walk-behind tractor.
Most experts say that this particular type of cutter is best suited for walk-behind tractors that have an air cooling system.
Saber models
Such elements are considered very durable and reliable due to the fact that only steel is used in their production process. In addition, such models boast a unique design that makes them resistant to any mechanical damage. Saber-shaped models are included in the standard kit of most European and American-made walk-behind tractors. The effectiveness of such elements has been tested in areas with any type of soil, which sets them apart from other models. These cutters are distinguished by their improved quality and high strength, which allows for high-quality soil cultivation.
The main feature of saber-shaped knives is that carbon steel is used to manufacture the working parts, which guarantees the reliability of each part even after a year of active use. In addition, the knives are specially treated and hardened using high-frequency currents, making them incredibly durable.
"Virgin Land"
Another popular type of cutter for a walk-behind tractor is “virgin wood”, which is in great demand due to its spiral shape. A distinctive feature of this species is its one-piece design, which allows it to cope even with colossal loads without problems.
The main disadvantage is the slow work and the fact that during tillage the soil is pushed out, which sometimes results in small holes.
As for the advantages, there are a huge number of them, among which are the following:
- unlike other types of tillers for walk-behind tractors, they cope well with virgin soil;
- characterized by impressive cultivation depth;
- allows for high-quality cultivation of the soil;
- It is distinguished by a monolithic design, which is a sign of reliability, strength and durability.
Installation of cutter
The process of installing a cutter on a walk-behind tractor is quite simple, but before starting work you should carefully study the manufacturer’s instructions and understand the installation features. Standard design The cutter includes a rotor axis, a pin equipped with a special lock, several knives and fastening materials. This equipment must be installed in such a way that the cutter rotates counterclockwise. Rotary cutters are self-sharpening tools, which greatly simplifies the process of using them. In other words, you will not need to constantly disassemble the structure in order to sharpen the knives.
It should be noted that problems may arise during the installation of the cutter, so experts do not recommend carrying out the installation yourself - it is best to get an assistant in advance. The installation of a saber cutter deserves special attention. The point is that it does not represent monolithic structure, so first you have to assemble the product correctly. The main thing is to set the correct direction of rotation, since without this the device will not perform its tasks.
Assembling such an element with your own hands for a walk-behind tractor is quite easy, because this is a task that can be quickly mastered, but first it is better to study the functions that the unit will have to perform. Before the beginning homemade assembly For a saber cutter, you need to carefully study the drawing, and after installation, you must check the unit for functionality. Usually, it is not possible to accurately configure the equipment the first time, so you have to make some adjustments to its operation.
It is quite easy to make cutters for a motor cultivator yourself, without resorting to large financial costs. As a rule, they are already present in the set of agricultural machinery, but this attribute does not always have a width suitable for processing. DIY equipment - great way get equipment of suitable size. Let's study the types of cutters and their features self-made and installation on the cultivator.
Types of cutters for agricultural work
Cultivator cutters perform many different functions. With their help, farmers have the opportunity to:
- Quickly destroy dense thickets of weeds;
- Cultivate the soil;
- Mix layers of soil with fertilizers;
- Level the ground surface.
Milling cutters are especially effective on clayey, waterlogged and woody soil. Mills are also often used for plowing virgin soil in pastures and meadows.
There are several types of cutters. Depending on the form, the following are available for sale:
- Devices with saber-shaped knives - they are in greatest demand among buyers and allow you to perform a wide range of work. The main advantage lies in the shape of the blades and the material - the cutters are made of steel and can be removed at any time. There is practically no vegetation wrapped around them, which allows you to plow the soil many times faster;
- Crawler-foot cutters for cultivators are a new solution on the equipment market. This type of equipment is often used for plowing hard soils. It cannot be disassembled, making it more durable than the first type of cutter. Among the disadvantages is the frequent wrapping of weeds around the blades. Because of this, most farmers use these cutters to work on “clean” soil. Often, “crow's feet” are used for plowing before planting potatoes, as well as for treating the soil to prevent the appearance of Colorado potato beetles and other pests.
Today you can purchase additional cutters of the required width at any gardening equipment store. However, at a reasonable price it is most often possible to buy Chinese products that are not particularly durable. In this regard, it would be quite reasonable to try to make cutters yourself.
The cutters for a motor cultivator are no different complex design. Before you start self-creation elements, you need to carefully study the store options. This will make it possible to take into account everything design features equipment and produce effective inventory.
Before work you need to make a drawing or use one already ready-made circuit. It will need to indicate the material of each of the parts, the sequence and method of fastening.
After this, you need to prepare all the materials. If the design will use figured elements, then it is better to immediately order them from the master.
When creating a cutter Special attention you need to pay attention to the correct assembly. Try to avoid any deviations related to the design, because any mistake can significantly reduce the efficiency of the cutters. Moreover, incorrectly assembled equipment will pull the cultivator to the right or left.
An important factor is the location of the teeth. They must be installed in exactly the same position as in the design of store products.
Experts do not recommend making cutters with a diameter of more than 50 cm. Equipment of this size can sink into the ground 26 cm, covering a strip 1 meter wide. This is more than enough for high-quality plowing.
Saber-shaped cutters are considered safer and are not capable of harming the operator if he falls on the structure. The knives on them have a transverse arrangement and consistently sink into the soil, without jerking.
To extend the life of homemade cutters, you must adhere to the rules for using equipment. When starting the cultivator engine, all blades must be positioned above the soil surface. After switching the engine from idle, the blades should be slowly lowered and plowing begins.
Not knowing whether homemade cutters need to be sharpened, many beginners make a lot of mistakes. It must be remembered that the more often sharpening is performed, the better the result of the soil treatment will be, and the longer the knives will not succumb to corrosion.
Creating cutters - a detailed algorithm for beginners
Having understood the secrets of self-production, you can proceed directly to creating the structure. To do this you will need:
- Some metal pipes, with a diameter of no more than 4.2 cm;
- Sharp parts that will act as knives;
- Bulgarian;
- Welding machine.
Old ones are suitable for making knives. car springs or spare parts from other equipment. The blades of the structure must be adjusted to suitable sizes and bent in one direction.
Next, the blades are attached to the pipe from different sides by welding. If you have more time, you can sharpen the blades in the direction of their intended movement. The resulting structure must be installed on the cultivator hitch.
After this, you need to check the operation of the equipment. If during operation you find deformation of the knives or blades, the cutters can be removed and aligned.
The standard equipment for walk-behind tractors of any brand includes cutters and other necessary details. But there are situations when you need to independently increase the power of the unit in order to better and deeper cultivate the soil. Today, anyone can make cutters for walk-behind tractors with their own hands, and for this you need to follow simple instructions, which we will look at in detail in this article.
IN agriculture walk-behind tractors have long held a leading position in operation, characterized by fast cultivation of the land and the possibility of automatic harvesting. Each model, regardless of the country of origin, includes additional power units. As a rule, they are quite enough for quality work in any area, and there is practically no need to independently make cutters for a motor cultivator. But there are situations when the capabilities of the purchased unit do not correspond to Russian realities.
There are two types of cutters: soil and saber
Simple example: not all Western manufacturers take into account soil depth in other countries, specific grain crops, weather and other points that can complicate the work process and increase the likelihood of a quick breakdown.
In such cases, you can always buy an additional cutter for your specific area or make it yourself. It is worth noting that in many cases homemade parts They work much more efficiently than the factory ones! Visually, any cutter looks like this: two parts of the module with a special set of tillage knives are attached to the wheel base, and then adjusted so that one structure does not interfere with the work of the other. Thanks to this simple technology, the walk-behind tractor is able to independently move around the territory and engage in processing.
It is worth noting that there is a second type of mounted milling cutter, which operates using a power take-off shaft. Such installations are mounted behind the main structure, and are often found on models such as MTZ, Foreman, Agro and others. Despite the difference in installation, all types of cutters are manufactured according to the same pattern.
Depending on the type of use, additional devices may differ slightly from each other. The main purpose of cutters is to destroy weeds and level the ground surface of the site, but at the same time they can perform other tasks. For example, wrapping fertilizers, processing soil, or even fertilizing it with special devices. Let's take a closer look at what types of cutters are most common.
Saber or “active” cutters
The most effective part for surface treatment is considered to be an active cutter, which, thanks to its configuration, can work on any problem areas. There are practically no restrictions on use, but at the same time, many farmers recommend using saber knives on soft ground. If desired, it is possible to use walk-behind tractors on rocky areas with big amount roots, since the chance of possible breakage of the knives is almost minimal.
The knives on active cutters consist of 4 parts and are evenly spaced along the structure at ninety degrees. Usually, two to three such blocks are attached to one side of the device, and sometimes their number can even reach five elements. It all depends on the power of your walk-behind tractor and its total weight, the same goes for the width of the attached parts.
Each knife visually looks like an ordinary curved metal strip, but with a certain power, these tips penetrate very deeply into the ground and destroy all unnecessary components. If we talk about how to make saber-shaped cutters yourself, we should recommend special spring steel grade 50HGFA.
The active cutter is most widely used in summer cottages
Manufacturing an active cutter
Among farmers and gardening enthusiasts, saber-shaped devices are the most popular due to their effective and simple design, which can be easily assembled at home. To make an active cutter you will need a metal strip made of high-strength steel, a grinder, additional details for direct digging of the earth, a small pipe and any welding machine.
It is worth noting that old car springs and other similar products are quite suitable as plowing devices. The main elements of the cutter should be bent in the same direction and cut to the same size. Using a welding machine, you can easily attach the resulting structures to the main pipe. Important! The cutting parts must be distributed evenly and different sides pipes.
If you need a homemade cutter for specific purposes, and you immediately know in which direction the blades will move, it is recommended to further sharpen them in the required direction, thereby increasing the power and quality of digging. Having received the assembled mechanism, you need to secure it well on the walk-behind tractor and immediately try the cutter in action. If some inaccuracies in operation or any other problems are discovered, the structure can be easily removed and modified depending on needs. Before you start making a cutter for walk-behind tractors with your own hands, we recommend watching the special video instructions presented at the end of the article.
"Crow's Feet"
The second type of cutter is the “crow’s foot” model, which received its original name due to the triangular shape of the cutting parts. Similarly with the saber-type device, the size and number of cutting components depends on the weight of the main unit. For example, for the MTZ walk-behind tractor it is recommended to install four and more details, and for other similar models there are only three. Essentially you can put unlimited amount knives as you see fit, but you must take into account that the power of a walk-behind tractor with a weak engine will drop significantly.
Crow's feet are most often used to treat complex species soils and virgin lands. But it is worth noting that if the soil contains a large number of branched roots, the system may become clogged and malfunction.
Any type of cutter requires initial inspection and further careful handling
This type of cutter was widely used in the eighties during the USSR, when the active development of homemade devices in the economic sector began. Farmers were forced to look for ways to increase productivity on their plots and for this reason learned to create cutters for walk-behind tractors with my own hands. It should be said that the design of the unit has not changed since then, which once again proves its timeless efficiency.
How to assemble crow's feet
The main element of the soil device is the drive sleeve, the parameters of which must be at least five mm of the wall length, and the optimal indicator is considered to be approximately seven mm. Next, you need to machine the inside so that it fits easily onto the shaft, and make a special hole for the axial pipe, thirty or forty mm deep.
As for the axial pipe itself, it is usually made on the basis of the standard model AE25-32, but other similar parts can also be used. There are two types of finished pipe: collapsible and non-dismountable, it all depends on your expectations. But if you believe the reviews of farmers, the collapsible option is still considered the most effective, since it is always possible to add or remove knife installations. It is impossible to predict how the walk-behind tractor will behave in a certain area, and for this reason it is better to have a backup modification option just in case.
Having chosen the appropriate type of axial pipe, it is necessary to install a special flange on it for further fastening of the knife units. The total length of such a device will depend on the width of the knives and their distance from each other. Optimal width triangular knives is approximately 60-80 mm, since larger sizes significantly increase the resistance of the unit to the ground and worsen its performance. The knife inserts themselves should be made of dense steel and have a thickness of 3-5 mm. Next, you should assemble the cutting element stand, which consists of a curved strip and a sharpened edge.
"Crow's feet" work well on rocky soils and destroy weeds
By connecting the blade unit and axial pipes, you get general design modular element. Actually, this is the final stage of creating “crow’s feet” and you can carry out the first “run-in” homemade installation. Also, before starting the cutter manufacturing procedure, you should first make a small drawing to reduce the risk of damage to parts. The necessary drawing can be found in many automotive publications or on the Internet; if you have a technical education and understand the design of the cutter, you can make a rough plan yourself.
Exploitation
If your unique device model requires the presence of shaped parts, it is better to pre-order them from a specialist and not spend additional time on this. All other elements are sold in stores or can be made by hand.
Important: To extend the life of a homemade cutter, it is necessary to keep it on the surface of the ground when starting the walk-behind tractor, and only slowly lower it after starting work.
So, when answering the question of which cutters are best to assemble, it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of a particular site and working conditions. From the point of view of ease of manufacture, active cutters are considered more attractive, but soil cutters cope better with problematic soils. Homemade device will definitely work better than the factory one, since no engineer knows which area you will be processing. The procedure for making a cutter for walk-behind tractors with your own hands will require a certain amount of time and effort, but believe me, it’s worth it and the result will not take long to arrive!
You can make cutters for a walk-behind tractor with your own hands at home without significant material costs. Homemade cutters to the walk-behind tractor are an integral element of this unit.
In some cases, it is necessary to install equipment on the Neva motor cultivator that provides greater width and depth of soil cultivation. For this purpose, the motor cultivator is equipped with factory cutters.
1 Milling cutters for walk-behind tractor - purpose, features of use
The Neva model motor cultivator, like other analogues of such equipment, structurally consists of an engine internal combustion, which is mounted on a metal frame equipped with two wheels. The handle of the Neva walk-behind tractor is equipped with buttons for controlling the unit and attachments.
A walk-behind tractor with an active cutter has a frame with a mounted towbar. Attachments are attached to the towbar of the Neva unit - cutters for a walk-behind tractor.
With the help of cutters attached to walk-behind tractors, subsequent tillage of the soil is carried out. Milling cutters for the Neva walk-behind tractor affect:
- quality of plowing;
- ease of control of the unit during tillage;
- reliability of the device transmission;
- efficiency power block cultivator.
Homemade and factory cutters for walk-behind tractors (knives) are presented as the main working part of the unit. Houndstooth knives are intended for:
- loosening soil layers;
- creating a certain structure of the cultivated soil layer;
- weed control and destruction during processing.
You can assemble the cutter for the walk-behind tractor with your own hands; I have a minimal set of tools on hand. Houndstooth knives are the most common type of cutter for a walk-behind tractor.
Other types of cutters for walk-behind tractors can differ significantly in their shape and design. Milling cutters for walk-behind tractors of the “crow’s feet” modification differ from analogues in the number of cutting edges, their location and design.
Crow's feet cutter
"Milling cutters for walk-behind tractors are considered the most important component of this unit, and the material from which they are made directly affects indicators such as the depth and quality of tillage of the soil layer.
You can assemble this attachment yourself, but you should remember that the highest quality cutters for walk-behind tractors are those made by forging and self-sharpening.
You can assemble the cutter to the walk-behind tractor using stamped metal sheets. Such cutters for a walk-behind tractor will have an implicit cutting edge. In most cases from stamped metal sheets cutters for walk-behind walk-behind tractors are assembled.
2 Types of cutters for walk-behind tractors - active, crow's feet
Milling cutters for walk-behind tractors can be of two types:
- Houndstooth knives
- Active (saber-shaped).
Active knives are maximally adapted for all types of work performed. Their saber shape is considered the most popular, and assembling them correctly with your own hands is quite simple.
The effectiveness of active cutters has been confirmed by the results of use for decades and in most cases, cultivators are equipped with active (saber) cutters.
To make such attachments High quality carbon steel with a high degree of strength is used.
Active knives are different collapsible design, assembly and installation of products takes a few minutes.
The steel used to create active cutters is completely incompatible with welding, but to improve mechanical strength The so-called thermal hardening is used in the production of products. To enhance strength, the finished product is subjected to high-frequency current treatment.
Relatively recently, crow's feet cutters began to be used for walk-behind tractors. This modification is recommended for processing complex and hard soil types.
It is this type of hanging equipment that is used in difficult conditions uneven and rocky soils.
The design of such knives is solid, which directly increases the strength characteristics of the products. The cutters are produced with standard technical characteristics:
- width – 40 cm;
- length – 37 cm;
- height – 38 cm;
- weight – 16 kg;
- The permissible operating speed of the cultivator is 2-5 km/h.
Such a tool also has its drawbacks - ordinary carbon steel does not have high strength characteristics. The knife must be inspected regularly, especially when working on clay soils.
2.1 Features of assembling motor cultivator cutters
If during the creation process you need shaped components, then it makes sense to order them from a blacksmith master.
Others structural elements are made independently. Assembly must be done correctly, focusing on the existing drawing.
If the assembly is carried out incorrectly, then during operation the walk-behind tractor may deviate from the line of movement, which will complicate the cultivation of the land. The blades of the cutter are inserted into special sockets and secured with bolts.
It is important to correctly place the cutting edge of the petal. It should be placed in the direction of movement and stick its sharp end into the soil.
The additional section is attached to the main one using pins, and the restrictive metal disk is connected to the frame using bolts.
When assembling a cutter with four blades, you should follow the sequence of the right and left knives placed on the mounting plate.
2.2 Motor cultivator with houndstooth cutters (video)
2.3 Making cutters for a walk-behind tractor with your own hands
To make your own cutter for a motor cultivator, you will need the following parts and tools:
- metal tube with a diameter of 42 mm;
- welding machine;
- Grinder corner type(Bulgarian);
Assembling the unit with your own hands allows you to precisely adjust its dimensions to the characteristics of a particular plot of land.
To create good soil disintegrants, you can use elements of used car spring plates.
During the manufacturing process, the blades should be adjusted to size and bent at the required angle in one direction. When using a welding machine, you need to connect cutting elements to a pre-prepared tube.
During the assembly process, you can sharpen the cutting edge in the direction of the planned rotation of the unit. Next, the ready-to-use structure is mated to the unit’s coupling unit, and during a test run, the necessary adjustments are made.
The crow's feet structure is assembled from metal elements with a diameter not exceeding 500 mm.
Thanks to these size restrictions, the tool will be able to enter the ground to a depth of 250 mm. During operation, you should pay attention to the fact that the knives stick into the ground sequentially. In this case, you should avoid jerks and impacts.
