During pregnancy, there is an active restructuring of the entire body in connection with the birth of a new life. No wonder. Now the expectant mother must take care not only of herself, but also of her baby. Therefore, you need to carefully monitor all the signals that the body sends.
Pregnancy- special period. She does not always present pleasant surprises. Pregnancy can trigger exacerbation of chronic diseases or allergies. The discharge also does not always go well. They change their composition throughout pregnancy. The first thing worth noting is that discharge is normal if a woman does not experience itching, burning or pain. In all other cases, you should follow the advice that will be given in this article.
Firstly, it's worth starting with brief description development of processes at 11 weeks of pregnancy. The organs of the unborn baby are still being formed, but now he will begin to develop much faster than in previous periods. Another feature is that now the embryo can confidently be called a fetus, since part of the body system is already fully functioning. For example, the heart. It actively supplies the organs with blood. The baby's brain is also involved in work. In addition, already at week 11 it is quite possible to determine the further development of immunity. The baby himself is active: he can roll over, stretch and move his arms.
It is worth remembering that the needs of the fetus will be higher with each term, since the new organism needs not only to gain a foothold, but also to maintain its growth and life.
Progesterone (pregnancy hormone) produces mucus. This has been characteristic of the female half since ancient times. First of all, they perform a protective function: mucus forms a plug that protects the baby from the outside world. Subsequently, during childbirth, she comes out. In addition, all unfavorable microorganisms are also cleaned and removed along with the secretions. The woman does not experience any pronounced discharge during this period.
All changes will occur a little later. Some pregnant women may notice an increase in mucus. They should also be viscous and thick. Body temperature can also be a rather significant sign. If it is slightly elevated (37.5) and there are no symptoms of lethargy, then this should be considered normal. Otherwise, measures should be taken.
The main thing to remember is the color and consistency of the discharge. So, usually they should be white (or grey), maybe slightly yellowish and transparent. Everything is quite individual. Only the symptoms in the body remain unchanged (fever, weakness, sharp cramping pain in the abdomen, dizziness, etc.). In this case, the discharges are:
- White curds
- Greenish
- Yellow with pus
- Brownish (blood)
White (curdled) discharge:
A woman should be wary of this discharge. One of the obvious signs is the presence of candidiasis. A sharp and even putrid smell also indicates that something is wrong in development. It shows the disease mentioned above.
Thrush can also be a cause. This is one of the most common diseases. However drug treatment it is not prescribed at such early stages, since the immunity of both mother and child is extremely sensitive. Therefore, the doctor can only review the mother’s diet and activity in order to reduce the level of itching and other uncomfortable symptoms.
Greenish:
The symptoms of such discharge are the same as those of others. This is the main symptom of an incipient infection, and if neglected, then the beginning of a subsequent disease. The main ones are:
- Gonorrhea
- Chlamydia
- Trichomonas
The biological environment of the vagina changes and provokes the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria. In ordinary cases, such diseases are actively treated and can be completely eradicated. In the case of pregnancy, everything happens near the embryo, so it can also negatively affect it. It is worth remembering the sensitivity of the child’s body. Any inflammation can cause premature termination of pregnancy. And this is already very serious. If you detect at least one of the signs, you should immediately visit a doctor who will help ease the processes.
Yellow:
Just like other types of discharge, this indicates the presence of an infection in the body. Especially if it is accompanied by unpleasant sensations: burning, pain. The situation becomes more dangerous if such discharge turns into pus. If a woman does not like visiting doctors, she should neglect her principles and prioritize the health of her baby. And such signs can easily provoke a miscarriage.
If this happens, it requires an immediate gynecological examination. Spouses planning a pregnancy must undergo a series of tests and, in case of deviations, correct them. Then the chance of giving birth to a healthy and strong baby will be many times higher.
It is also worth paying attention to yellowish discharge. Sometimes urine can stain mucus. This is not particularly dangerous; you should visit the restroom more often so as not to cause unnecessary discomfort to yourself.
Brownish discharge:
The worst thing that this color can show is a frozen pregnancy. The mother may not even realize that her child is already dead. This also occurs with ectopic pregnancy. Dried blood comes out from unpleasant smell. Accompanied by general poor health and cramping pain.
Also, at the eleventh week, light brown discharge may appear, but the woman does not feel any other symptoms. The hormone estrogen plays a role here. However, it is not recommended to take measures on your own without consulting a specialist.
Bloody discharge:
More dangerous than brown discharge is the bleeding that has just begun. This is already the beginning of termination of pregnancy. This case requires urgent medical intervention and nothing can be done to save the child.
An ectopic pregnancy can be determined through tests and ultrasound. If ultrasound indicates the presence of this, surgery is performed to remove the fertilized egg. If not removed in time, the fetus will grow and rupture tissue, which will result in life-threatening bleeding.
Of course, some women have experienced this and later gave birth to a healthy child. This may be caused by a large number of blood vessels. The fragile walls of the capillaries can burst and appear along with the discharge, turning everything pinkish. This color may also be one of the reasons for the development of cervical erosion. The woman does not feel pain, and the treatment itself is not prescribed. Moreover, for some, the resulting scar disappears on its own.
It may happen that the bloody discharge is just remnants from menstrual blood. They are usually noticeable on the days when menstruation actually occurred. The reason is a malfunction of hormones, but this can be corrected with the help of a certain diet and the prescription of vitamins for subsequent periods. There is no danger to the development of the fetus.
Even if there are some safe signs, this phenomenon should not be ignored. For women who are pregnant for the first time, bleeding can be seriously frightening, and, out of ignorance, they may miss some warning signs. This is why it is necessary
See your gynecologist on time and follow all his recommendations to avoid unpleasant consequences.
Is it normal to have no discharge?
Pregnant and non-pregnant women should always have some amount of discharge. Therefore, if no mucus is observed, it is worth thinking about some deviation. This issue often remains without much influence, which is in vain.
As noted earlier, discharge is part of the protective function, which creates a shield against the entry of bacteria and cleanses the biological environment of the vagina. Such an important function must be present.
Of course, you need to get tested for hormones. Their excess or deficiency can significantly affect the formation of the fetus. Especially dangerous consequences not observed here, but to restore balance, it is worth increasing the amount of nutrients. To do this, you just need to include more in your diet healthy products and moderate active load. It is recommended to consult a doctor.
Every representative of the fairer sex is forced to deal with vaginal discharge. They are cyclical in nature and directly depend on the production of certain hormones. Cervical fluid begins to appear with the arrival of the first menstruation (menarche). Regular discharge ends when a woman enters menopause and subsequent menopause.
A separate situation is considered during pregnancy. Things change a bit here. Almost every expectant mother experiences the appearance of discharge at 12 weeks of pregnancy. It is about them that will be discussed further. You will find out what kind of mucus can come out of the genitals during this period. You can also find out what to do if you find discharge at 11-12 weeks of pregnancy.
What are they needed for…
Discharge at the 12th week of pregnancy, as in earlier periods, occurs for the simple reason that nature intended it this way. This mucus is necessary for the formation of a plug. It is she who will protect the unborn baby from penetration of germs and bacteria into the uterus throughout the entire period. The plug will come out just before giving birth.
Discharge at 12 weeks of pregnancy should not bother a woman unless there are additional symptoms. When any other alarming signals occur, you should consult a doctor. A specialist will examine you for gynecological chair and will evaluate cervical mucus. For a more detailed study, the material is taken for analysis.
Normal discharge at 12 weeks of pregnancy - what should it be like?
What should cervical mucus be like normally? During pregnancy, the hormone progesterone acts. It is necessary for normal uterine tone. Without it, the reproductive organ will begin to shrink and simply reject the fetus. It is under the influence of this substance that abundant secretion of mucus from the vagina begins. In the first trimester, it has a transparent tint and may stretch slightly. Externally, the mucus looks a little like egg white.
The discharge may change its character somewhat. They take on a whitish or even milky hue. The amount of mucus can be quite copious. This is why gynecologists recommend expectant mothers to use disposable sanitary pads. To avoid the development of infection, they must be changed regularly.
Candidiasis, or fungal infection (thrush) in pregnant women
White discharge at 12 weeks of pregnancy, which is accompanied by a sour odor, itching and the formation of lumps, is thrush. This infection accompanies almost every expectant mother. However, not everyone has it so clearly. Many women do not experience the described discomforts. However, yeast is detected in their smear.
Thrush during pregnancy does not pose a particular threat to the baby. That is why such discharge at 12 weeks of pregnancy is not treated. The correction is postponed until the second third of the term. Optimal time for drug therapy - 16 weeks. It is worth noting that men can be carriers of thrush without having it. That is why both sexual partners should undergo treatment.
Infections that are sexually transmitted
Yellow discharge at 12 weeks of pregnancy indicates the presence of infection. At the same time, symptoms such as itching and an unpleasant “fishy” smell appear. Sometimes an increase in body temperature is possible. It is worth noting that this condition is very dangerous for a child. Infection of the membranes and their premature opening are possible.
If you have genital tract infections, you must be tested to determine them. Sensitivity to antibacterial agents is also determined. Only then can suitable medications be prescribed. Ideal option the pathology will be cured several months before conception, but if this does not happen, then correction is carried out after. Among the safest antibacterial agents are drugs based on amoxicillin. Other drugs are prescribed only when risks and benefits are compared.
Pelvic inflammatory processes
At 12 weeks of pregnancy, they may occur due to an inflammatory process. It is worth noting that most often the pathology spreads to the reproductive organ. As a result, involuntary contractions occur. In some cases, this may pose a risk of miscarriage.
Pathology should always be treated individually. There is no one medicine that suits everyone. In most cases, the inflammatory process in the uterus is eliminated with the help of antimicrobial compounds, vaginal tampons, suppositories and immunomodulatory drugs. However, not all of the listed medications are approved for use by expectant mothers. Often the inflammatory process causes abortion.
Hormonal imbalances in a woman’s body, or insufficiency of the corpus luteum
Brown discharge at 12 weeks of pregnancy may occur due to a lack of the hormone. Immediately after ovulation, a follicle appears at the site of the bursting. It secretes the hormone progesterone. As you already know, this substance is simply necessary to maintain the normal course of pregnancy.
When there is little progesterone, the uterus begins to contract involuntarily. This leads to detachment of the attached fertilized egg. A hematoma forms between the wall of the uterus and the embryo. The larger it is, the less chance of saving the child. This is why you should consult a doctor as soon as possible. Brown discharge is already coagulated blood. That is, the emptying of the hematoma occurred several hours or days ago. It is worth noting that the detachment of the membranes does not always lead to bleeding at the 12th week of pregnancy. The hematoma may not open, but may resolve on its own with appropriate treatment.
Gynecological examination and tissue damage
At 12 weeks of pregnancy may be a consequence of a gynecological examination. As a rule, at the end of the first trimester, doctors conduct routine examinations for expectant mothers. Gynecological speculums are used for this purpose. They help assess the condition of the cervix and take the necessary tests.
While expecting a baby, all mucous membranes become more sensitive. That is why the careless action of the doctor may slightly hurt the delicate area. As a result, a small bleeding wound is formed. When droplets of blood mix with normal secretions, they acquire a pinkish tint.
Cervical erosion
Bloody discharge at 12 weeks of pregnancy often becomes a sign of erosion. It is worth noting that the woman does not feel any other disturbing symptoms. Usually the discharge increases after sexual intercourse. They are not abundant. The expectant mother may notice only a slight “smudge” on her underwear.
Cervical erosion is a pathology that is obviously not corrected before pregnancy. This is because the remaining scar can negatively affect the dilation of the cervix and cause complications during childbirth. Treatment of erosion is carried out only after delivery, when the mucous membranes and tissues are restored. Often the problem disappears on its own.
Other causes of discharge at 12 weeks
During pregnancy, many women experience urinary incontinence. For some representatives of the fairer sex, this occurs closer to childbirth. Others suffer from the moment of conception. If you find yellowish stains on your underwear, these could be droplets of urine. In this case, work correction reproductive system won't help you. It is worth contacting a urologist and getting recommendations.
Violation of the vaginal microflora can also cause discharge. However, they do not pose any threat to the unborn baby. The situation with bleeding is much more dangerous.
Brown discharge at 12 weeks of pregnancy
This symptom is almost impossible not to notice. Most often, a woman discovers toilet paper, underwear or while taking a shower. Their intensity can increase with physical activity. Also, such cause-and-effect relationships may not exist.
If you find brown discharge, you need to call a doctor or go to the hospital as soon as possible. The reason for their occurrence may be various changes. Only a specialist can determine your exact problem.
Why do they appear?
For what reason have expectant mother at 12 weeks can brownish tinges of vaginal mucus appear? As you already know, this could be a lack of progesterone. It is worth noting that this reason is the most common of all available.
Brown spotting may be a sign of an ectopic pregnancy. At the same time, the woman feels severe pain in the lower abdomen (on one side). Weakness and decreased pulse are also noted. Inaction in such a situation can lead to internal bleeding and death.
Such mucus occurs after careless sexual intercourse, since all surfaces in the vagina become especially sensitive. The slightest effort may cause damage to small vessels. In this case, there is no threat to the child.
Brown discharge detected at 12 weeks may appear due to miscarriage. In this case we're talking about about the beginning of the abortion. However, doctors assure that at this stage the size of the fetus is very large. Therefore, to cleanse the uterus, a woman will need surgery (curettage).
What to do if a symptom is detected?
Brown discharge that occurs in the first trimester of pregnancy can be quite dangerous. In some cases, there is a threat to the life of not only the embryo, but also its mother.
If it is possible to terminate a pregnancy, doctors prescribe bed rest and sedatives, which are allowed in such situations. Medicines are also prescribed to help stop the contractility of the uterus. Hormonal drugs based on progesterone are prescribed for any bloody discharge up to 18 weeks of pregnancy.
In case of a pathology such as ectopic pregnancy, the woman receives urgent surgical care. During the operation, the pathological egg is removed and the consequences of its development are eliminated.
Brown discharge and forecasts after it
Any discharge during the first trimester of pregnancy should alert the expectant mother. A timely visit to the doctor increases the chance of saving your baby’s life. Remember that you cannot carry out the correction yourself. The use of certain medications can have a very bad effect on your condition. What medications to take and when is the best time to do it is determined by the doctor.
If you contact a specialist in time, the prognosis will be good. Remember that in such situations it is not days that matter, but hours and minutes. If bleeding occurs, it must be stopped as soon as possible.
If a woman is faced with an ectopic pregnancy, the prognosis will be better the sooner she consults a doctor and receives ambulance. Usually the embryo in such situations is attached to fallopian tube. Its rupture and subsequent removal reduces your chances of a subsequent pregnancy by about half.
Conclusion of the article
Pregnancy is the time when you give life and soil for growth to your child. Remember that this process must be approached very responsibly. After all, only a healthy woman can protect herself and her baby from problems. Be sure to do your research before planning. Get treatment if necessary. This will become collateral good flow pregnancy and absence of pathological discharge. All the best to you!
Motherhood is one of the main purposes of a woman. But the implementation of this noble mission is sometimes associated with many difficulties. One of them is brown discharge in early pregnancy. Their appearance very often suggests a serious danger to the well-being of the unborn baby. However, the situation is not always so serious. We will discuss the causes and dangers of brown discharge at the beginning of pregnancy in this article, looking at the cases of women who have personally encountered a similar problem.
Causes of brown discharge during early pregnancy that are not dangerous
There are several main reasons that may cause brown discharge at the beginning of pregnancy.
Hormonal changes in the body
Olga, 27 years old: “Brown discharge appeared at 3 weeks of pregnancy. Light, but it is clearly visible that there is an admixture of blood. I was very scared. I had an ultrasound done privately - everything was within normal limits. The doctor who carried out the examination said that changes in hormonal levels may have affected. What is the reason for the appearance of brown discharge at 3 weeks of pregnancy?
Such secretion in the third week of pregnancy is not uncommon. The birth of a new life entails large-scale changes within the female body, including at the hormonal level. These changes can also manifest themselves in the form of light brown discharge in the early stages of pregnancy. Hormone imbalance is their main cause.
They may appear shortly before the first delay. This secretion does not have a repulsive odor, does not provoke itching and burning in the external genital area, and disappears on its own over time.
Violetta, 25 years old: “4 weeks pregnant, brown discharge. I went to the doctor and said: “Everything is fine. It's hormones." But what kind of “excellent” can we talk about if there are traces of blood? Perhaps the doctor is incompetent? I visited someone else before.”
The admixture of blood in small quantities at four weeks of pregnancy, in the absence of additional signs of trouble, may indeed indicate that the balance of hormones that is natural for a pregnant woman has not yet been restored. You can trust the doctor's opinion. If the secretion is short-term, not abundant, painless, then you should not worry.
Implantation of the fertilized egg into the uterine wall
Irina, 24 years old: “After a delay, I took a test - two stripes! I was very happy. But just before my period was supposed to start, I had a (small) period that was streaked with blood. The next day everything stopped. What does such scanty brown discharge mean in the first weeks of pregnancy?
To understand the essence of the phenomenon, we should remember that approximately 8-10 days after fertilization, the egg moves through the fallopian tubes and is then fixed in the uterine cavity. In this case, a violation of the integrity of the capillaries is possible, which is manifested by the inclusion of blood streaks in the natural secretion of the female reproductive glands. This phenomenon is short-term in nature and is not accompanied by pain or other unpleasant symptoms. May be brown, light brown or.
Abnormal periods in the first trimester of pregnancy
Svetlana, 20 years old: “I’m now in my twelfth week. The news of the unborn child came as a surprise. The fact is that my periods came on time, but they weren’t as heavy. In the second month (at about 8 weeks) the situation repeated itself. When nausea started in the morning and I fainted at the institute, I had to go to the doctor. The news amazed me! Can you get your period in the first weeks of your term?
This situation is not that unusual. Normally, a pregnant woman's level of progesterone, the hormone responsible for preserving the fetus, increases significantly. If for some reason its concentration is insufficient, then a smear is likely to occur. Brown, which can be mistaken for scanty menstruation.
Another reason for abnormal periods in pregnant women is the simultaneous maturation of several eggs. When one of them is fertilized, the second remains “free”. The situation leads to the simultaneous synthesis of a large number of hormones responsible for preserving the fertilized egg and hormones that stimulate menstruation. If for some reason the latter take advantage, brown discharge will appear during early pregnancy. At approximately 8 weeks (sometimes a little later), the situation returns to normal.
Svetlana, 27 years old: “Can you menstruate if you are expecting a child? I started having brown discharge when I was 6 weeks pregnant. Is it possible?"
If ovulation occurs near the end menstrual cycle, then the appearance of discharge similar to menstruation is quite likely at 6 weeks. Brown discharge in the 9th week of pregnancy and later should alert you - by this time the balance of hormones characteristic of pregnant women should be achieved.
Mechanical damage to the integrity of the mucosa
Gagina, 24 years old: “At week 9 I noticed beige ones. The doctor took the test with some kind of brush - maybe that’s why? I drank papaverine at night, but the next day there were brown marks on my daily sheet again. There was an ultrasound today - there is no threat. Maybe the reason lies in the examination and analysis?”
Most likely, the presence of brown discharge at 9 weeks of pregnancy is associated with a cytological analysis. Perhaps there was mechanical damage to the superficial vessels, which caused the appearance of traces of blood. The absence of the threat of interruption only confirms this assumption. During the gestation period, blood flow to the pelvic organs increases, and the mucous membrane becomes more sensitive to microtrauma.
Pathological causes of brown discharge in the early stages
Risk of miscarriage
Olga, 23 years old: “I recently found out that I’m expecting a child. Today after a walk I noticed brown discharge at 12 weeks of pregnancy. Before that, there was a slight smudge in the seventh week, and then in the ninth, but I didn’t attach any importance to it, since everything went away by itself. Now the discharge is brown, similar to menstruation both in appearance and in sensation (my stomach hurts, my lower back is stretching, I feel exhausted). Is it dangerous?"
Irina, 26 years old: “Brown discharge at week 7 is a threat of interruption? I experienced a lot of stress - in the fifth week, while walking, I was attacked by a dog. At first I didn’t notice any changes, but yesterday I saw traces of brown color on my underwear. My stomach feels a little tight. Can a stressful situation cause brown discharge at 7 weeks of pregnancy?
Brown discharge in the first trimester of pregnancy often becomes a sign of a threatened miscarriage. They can be either moderate or quite abundant in nature, and have a heterogeneous consistency with mucous inclusions. Additional symptoms of spontaneous termination are: the presence of pain in the lower abdomen and sacral area, general malaise, and weakness.
The reasons that cause brown discharge at the beginning of pregnancy can be very diverse. This includes a lack of progesterone, increased production of androgens, genetic pathology of the fetus, the presence of diseases of the reproductive organs, and, among other things, severe fear and stress.
Hydatidiform mole
Anastasia, 25 years old: “It was. I took a test in the fourth week - positive. I didn’t go to the clinic right away, I decided to wait until the last weeks of the first trimester so that I could go to the doctors less. But brown discharge appeared at 8 weeks of pregnancy. There were thoughts that it was menstruation, and the test was deceiving. I did another one - again positive. I thought that at 8 weeks a mistake was hardly possible, and I became scared. I ran to the doctor, took tests, had an ultrasound and was stunned by the diagnosis - hydatidiform mole. I remember the subsequent events with trembling: cleaning, tests, checks at the oncology clinic. It's good that oncology was not confirmed. I dream of giving birth to a healthy baby, I’m waiting for the doctor’s permission. What symptoms and discharge should alert you?”
Hydatidiform mole is a serious pathology that occurs in 1 in 1000 cases. The essence of the phenomenon is that either a “defective” egg that does not contain a set of female chromosomes is fertilized, or a full-fledged egg is fertilized by two sperm at once. As a result, the chorion or villous membrane turns into multiple cysts, similar to a bunch of grapes. Essentially, it is a tumor that can be either benign or malignant.
Symptoms of hydatidiform mole are not always initially pronounced. Early toxicosis often develops, which is characterized by headaches, debilitating nausea and vomiting, and attacks of hypertension. The test gives a positive result. With hydatidiform mole, bleeding occurs in 95% of cases. Fragments resembling foam, mucus or pus may appear in the blood mass.
Ectopic pregnancy
Maria, 23 years old: “Is it true that fimbrioplasty creates a risk of developing an ectopic pregnancy? What symptoms should you be wary of?
Olga, 32 years old: “I couldn’t conceive for a long time - there were adhesions in the tubes. She was treated for several years. This is the sixth day of delay. The test confirmed the onset of conception. I heard that the adhesive process creates a risk of developing an ectopic pregnancy. Is it so? How does this pathology manifest itself?
Ectopic pregnancy is another threat to potential motherhood. The essence of the phenomenon is the abnormal attachment of the fertilized egg, when instead of the uterine wall it is localized in the ovary, tubes, abdominal cavity or cervix. The whole danger is associated with the natural enlargement of the ovum, which can lead to rupture of the organ (usually the tube) followed by extensive bleeding.
The reasons for the development of anomalies can be varied. Most often they are associated either with a malfunction of the egg or sperm, or with a violation of the transport ability of the fallopian tubes. Fibryoplasty, as well as the presence of adhesions, is one of the risk factors for the development of ectopic attachment.
Initially, an ectopic pregnancy proceeds similarly to a normal one. Symptoms can be expressed by pain in the side where the fertilized egg is implanted, pulling sensations in the area of the sacrum and a bloody dark brown secretion. These first signs may appear around the 6th week of pregnancy. Their intensity can be different - it depends on the period, place of implantation, and the individual characteristics of the woman’s body.
In some cases, the fertilized egg is rejected on its own, which is manifested by dark discharge and moderate pain. And sometimes an organ rupture and abdominal bleeding occurs, accompanied by a drop in blood pressure, a deterioration in general condition, and acute pain radiating to the hypochondrium and interscapular region. This can happen in the fifth or eighth week of pregnancy.
Brown discharge in the fifth week of pregnancy, accompanied by pain, should already alert you, because the ectopic location of the fertilized egg poses a huge danger to a woman’s health.
Inflammation and STDs
Irina, 30 years old: “At 10 weeks of pregnancy I noticed unpleasant symptoms: unbearable itching, urination with pain. At first I thought it might be cystitis or “thrush,” but discharge appeared at 11 weeks of pregnancy - pale brown, mixed with opaque yellow mucus (like pus). There was a disgusting smell. It's not getting any better yet. What could it be?"
Cervical erosion is diagnosed in every second woman, and expectant mothers are no exception. In the photo you can see what a neck with erosion may look like. Indeed, during pregnancy, the light brown color of the secretion may indicate this disease. Sometimes you can see mucus in it. This disease does not provoke painful sensations until an inflammatory process is added to it. Erosion can cause throughout the entire period.
Irina, 32 years old: “Can brown discharge at the 10th week of pregnancy appear due to erosion? I noticed that after sex, ichor appears.”
With erosion, sexual contact can provoke the appearance of light brown discharge at the 10th week of pregnancy, as well as at any other stage. Their cause is mechanical damage to the epithelium of the affected area. If you have this disease, you should consult a doctor, since erosion that begins to bleed should not be left unattended and treated.
Brown discharge in the first trimester: what to do?
During pregnancy, discharge that differs in color and consistency from normal leucorrhoea requires a visit to the doctor. The first trimester is the time when all the organs and systems of the unborn baby are formed. You should pay attention to the addition of painful sensations in the abdominal area. Taken together, these symptoms can signal serious danger. Under no circumstances should you engage in self-diagnosis or self-medication. Only with the help of a specialist can you understand the causes of suspicious secretion and take appropriate measures.
During pregnancy, the type of vaginal discharge inevitably changes. This is due to changes in hormonal levels, with some anatomical changes in the process of bearing a child. Normally, vaginal secretions should be light or yellowish throughout the entire gestational period. Brown discharge usually frightens expectant mothers. Should you be afraid of them and what can they talk about? different dates, is worth considering in more detail.
Peculiarities
Discharge should not be underestimated. Vaginal secretions are produced by cervical epithelial cells. At different stages of pregnancy, they can tell a lot about the condition of the expectant mother and fetus. Immediately after conception and up to 8–9 weeks of pregnancy A woman’s discharge is normally quite scanty, and sometimes almost completely absent. This is the effect of progesterone, which carries out the basic preparation of the body for long-term gestation.
From 10 weeks vaginal secretion becomes more abundant, and by the end of pregnancy it is not only abundant, but also watery. This is how the hormone estrogen acts on vaginal secretion. The task of the secretory function of the female reproductive tract is to maintain a healthy, stable microflora. The genital tract will be the first place where the baby ends up during the birth process after it leaves the uterine cavity. The health of the baby depends on their health.
Existing medical literature describes normal discharge during pregnancy as light-colored, odorless, or having a slight sour-milk odor. Other variants of the norm are also being considered, but only under certain conditions and for certain periods.
Brown discharge is no exception. Not only can they indicate dangerous complications, but they can also be a natural variant of normal vaginal secretion. The brown color of the discharge is given by erythrocytes - blood cells. This means that brown discharge is a type of blood discharge.
Norm
A small amount of blood in the discharge in the very early stages may be the norm when a fertilized egg is implanted into the uterine cavity. This phenomenon is called implantation bleeding. It occurs due to a violation of the integrity of the endometrium during the attachment of the blastocyst. One of the options for such natural bleeding may be light brown discharge in a small amount approximately 8-9 days after the expected conception (or after ovulation - for ease of calculation).
Brownish spotting on panty liners or underwear is not long-lasting. Usually within a day or two there is no trace left of them. There is nothing alarming about this phenomenon.
Moreover, so early sign Not every woman experiences pregnancy. You should know that the appearance of dark brown discharge with clots before the delay can hardly be considered a sign of implantation. Rather, we are talking about a hormonal imbalance in which menstruation began ahead of schedule. During the first 2–3 months of pregnancy, yellow-brown, moderate or scanty discharge may be a consequence of global hormonal changes.
Progesterone raging in the body of the expectant mother usually gives the vaginal secretion a yellowish tint; brown “notes” in it can appear due to high or low levels of progesterone, due to the vulnerability of the genital tract due to looseness under the influence of hormones. Normally, such discharge occurs without pain, it does not contain inclusions or impurities, or streaks of blood, and does not bother the woman. They usually stop after the expectant mother’s body has fully adapted to the new situation and circumstances.
On later(a week or two before the expected date of birth), a woman may notice the appearance of brown, streaked discharge. They are usually accompanied by mucus secretion small quantities or a rather impressive mucous clot. In this case, we are talking about the removal of the mucous plug, which during pregnancy closed the cervical canal and prevented the penetration of anything foreign and dangerous into the uterine cavity where the baby grew.
The removal of the plug is a harbinger of an imminent birth. He also does not need treatment.
Small brown discharge after sex or a doctor’s examination is also normal. Their reason lies in the extreme vulnerability of the pregnant woman’s genital tract. Under the influence of progesterone, they become loose and vulnerable to even minor mechanical stress.
Such discharge usually does not last long - no more than a day, and is not accompanied by any unpleasant sensations or additional symptoms. There are no clots in them, they do not intensify, their number changes in a descending manner. These are the three main reasons why brown discharge can be considered normal. All other situations, alas, relate exclusively to pathological ones.
Risk of miscarriage
Brown discharge in the early stages is often accompanied by the threat of miscarriage. It is not difficult to recognize a threatening condition: a woman notices not only a change in the color of the vaginal secretion, but also a general deterioration in her health. Severe attacks of dizziness may occur, and pain in the lower abdomen and lower back is almost always present.
The pain syndrome can be pronounced and intense or occur in the form of a dull, weak pain. However, the very combination of “pain and brown discharge” should alert the pregnant woman and force her to seek qualified medical help as soon as possible.
Blood in the discharge appears due to detachment of the fertilized egg. Between the membranes of the fetus and the wall of the uterus, a space filled with blood appears. With a small retrochorial hematoma, the discharge will be predominantly pink-brown and not abundant; with significant detachment, it will be abundant, with clots, and red-brown.
A threat can develop for many reasons. These include anomalies in the structure of the uterus, genetic pathologies of the fetus that are incompatible with its further development, inflammatory and infectious diseases of the genital tract and reproductive organs, hormonal deficiency, as well as bad habits, severe stress, excessive physical exercise.
A developing miscarriage is characterized by increased discharge over time, the appearance of cramping pain in the lower back and cervix, as well as nagging pain with an “echo” in the anal area. The brown daub turns into a more saturated color, the consistency thins out until liquid scarlet blood with blood clots begins to flow out.
This metamorphosis usually indicates that a miscarriage has already occurred, and fragments of the membranes and embryo come out along with vaginal secretions. What it really is and at what stage the threat of miscarriage can only be understood by a doctor. Therefore, if the characteristic symptoms described above appear, you should definitely call an ambulance. In 95% of cases, pregnancy can be saved with timely treatment.
Hormonal deficiency
Monthly menstrual bleeding is controlled by hormones. In the second half of the cycle, progesterone gradually decreases, the concentration of estrogen increases and menstruation begins. Do not think that menstrual-like discharge during pregnancy is normal. As a rule, this happens in the first months after conception due to a lack of progesterone.
Of course, there are rare situations in which menstrual bleeding during pregnancy can be considered normal. This happens if a woman produces two eggs in the current cycle instead of one, and ovulation occurs twice with a difference of several days. In this case, the first egg was not fertilized, it died and dropped into the uterus, and the second was fertilized and went to the uterus for implantation.
Bloody discharge will come on the day of the expected menstruation, but such periods will differ significantly. First of all, there will be little discharge. In a few days, scanty and incomprehensible periods will stop and will not recur over the next 9 months. People used to say about this phenomenon that “the fruit is washed,” but in practice this rarely occurs.
With hormonal deficiency or imbalance of hormones in the body, the discharge resembles slight pale brown marks on underwear or a thin sanitary panty liner. They may intensify slightly or disappear completely, after which they appear again.
A woman should definitely consult a doctor to get tested for hormones and begin maintenance treatment with appropriate hormonal medications that will bring the balance of these active substances in the body to the normal level necessary for the safe bearing of a child.
Ectopic pregnancy
If for a number of reasons the fertilized egg cannot enter the uterine cavity and implant where it is supposed to, it can become fixed in the fallopian tube or lower down and become fixed in the cervix. This is possible if a woman has difficulty passing the egg through the tubes due to the narrowed lumen of the tube. The cause may be inflammatory diseases of the tubes, appendages, ovaries, as well as endometriosis, the presence of tumor formations in the uterine cavity, in the fallopian tubes.
If the transfer of the zygote, and subsequently the blastocyst, is disrupted, then the development of the embryo outside the uterine cavity is possible. An ectopic pregnancy may not make itself felt until a certain period of time. There will be a delay, tests will show a second line (slightly paler than during intrauterine pregnancy, but this is an optional sign). And only when the embryo becomes quite large can pathology appear.
Rejection of the fertilized egg, if it is attached in a place not intended for this by nature, is inevitable. This process in best case scenario begins before the organ to which the fertilized egg is attached suffers serious injury.
Rejection is accompanied by severe cutting pain in the abdomen, quite profuse brown discharge, which quickly becomes a brighter red color. In the worst case, a rupture of the fallopian tube may occur with massive bleeding in the abdominal cavity which can be fatal for a woman. The exact place of attachment of the fertilized egg is quite well determined by ultrasound already at 5–6 weeks of pregnancy.
Women who have a history of ectopic pregnancies, as well as miscarriages, inflammatory diseases of the gynecological profile, surgeries on the reproductive organs, after which scars and adhesions could remain, if the pregnancy test is positive, should visit a doctor as soon as possible and have an ultrasound done to exclude incorrect attachment of the fetus. In case of an ectopic pregnancy, there is no other option than removing the fertilized egg.
In rarer and more dangerous types of such pregnancies - cervical and isthmus pregnancies, it is usually not possible to save the uterus. In case of a tubal ectopic pregnancy, if there is no rupture, it is most often possible to save the tubes, and the woman will subsequently be able to become pregnant and give birth to a child.
Placenta previa or abruption
If a woman’s placenta (or chorion, its predecessor) is low, then brown spotting or discharge of all shades of brown may be a sign of placental abruption. The most dangerous are brown intense discharge that occurs with complete and incomplete placenta previa.
With full presentation " children's place"located at the bottom of the uterus and completely blocks the entrance to the cervical canal. If incomplete, the entrance to the cervical canal is closed by approximately two-thirds or less. Any negative impact and even the most ordinary stress can cause severe bleeding in a woman with such a pregnancy pathology.
For any form of chorion (placenta) presentation, sudden movements, emotional shocks, sex, physical activity, jumping, shaking in transport, and bending forward are prohibited. For some women, episodic bloody discharge recurs until childbirth.
If a diagnosis such as low placentation has already been made and confirmed by ultrasound data, the woman should be very careful. If there is no such diagnosis and the placenta is located normally, the woman still runs the risk of experiencing abruption. This becomes possible with a fall, especially with an abdominal injury, a sharp jump in hormone levels, severe emotional shock, heavy lifting, or taking certain medications prohibited during pregnancy.
Vaginal discharge during detachment they are usually quite abundant, although there may be no pain. The age of the problem can be judged by the shade of the discharge. Fresh blood that has just separated and come out is always bright, scarlet. If, after detachment, the blood did not come out for some time and was in the space between the “children’s place” and the wall of the uterus, then it will have brown shades of varying intensity.
Other gynecological problems
Inflammatory diseases of the reproductive and genitourinary system during pregnancy - this is not at all uncommon. The expectant mother's immunity is significantly reduced (and this is also due to progesterone!), which is why any fluctuations in the balance of microflora can cause local inflammation.
If a woman had chronic diseases of the genital organs or organs of the urinary system before the onset of the “interesting situation,” then during the period of maximum decrease in immunity, by the middle of pregnancy, they may well make themselves felt. Many inflammatory processes of non-infectious origin occur with the release of vaginal secretion of a yellow, light brownish hue.
Discharge is always accompanied by additional symptoms, for example, with adnexitis - pain in the right or left side, pulling and cutting pain in the appendage area, with cervicitis - unpleasant sensations in the depths of the vagina, as well as the appearance of mucous impurities in the brownish vaginal secretion.
Diseases of infectious origin cannot be excluded. These can be sexually transmitted infections, as well as sexually transmitted diseases. Many of them have a fairly long incubation period, so at the time of registration, the examination may not reveal pathology, and real symptoms will appear later.
The most dangerous are brown and brown discharge, which have greenish purulent impurities, as well as unpleasant and pungent odor. They indicate the bacterial origin of the problem, which, if not treated in a timely manner, can result in intrauterine infection of the fetus and even its death. Brown spotting discharge may indicate problems with the cervix and inflammation of the cervical canal.
After IVF
If a couple has had to resort to assisted reproductive techniques such as IVF, they should be prepared for the discharge to be significantly different from that normal for the pregnancy that has occurred. naturally. So, after embryo transfer for almost two weeks, brownish discharge is considered normal. This is the reaction of the female body to hormonal therapy, which she underwent before embryo transfer and continues after it.
Brown spotting vaginal discharge may also indicate successful implantation. If they are a sign of implantation, then usually brown streaks or scanty daubing appears 5–6 days after hatching. In a third of women, a change in the color of the vaginal secretion appears only 8–10 days after replantation.
If discharge of an unusual color continues for more than 14 days, doctors regard this as an alarm signal - not all is well with the pregnancy.
But there is no need to despair, because after analyzing the concentration of the hCG hormone in the blood, treatment will be prescribed that will help maintain the pregnancy and bear a healthy baby, maybe several babies. In the worst case, brown discharge after two weeks from the moment of replanting may indicate that the embryos have stopped developing and their rejection has begun. After treatment, the IVF attempt can be repeated.
What to do?
If brown discharge appears, a pregnant woman should under no circumstances engage in self-diagnosis. All of the above is nothing more than material for self-education for reference purposes, and not a guide for making any diagnoses for yourself.
There are not many variants of the physiological norm for this type of vaginal secretion, but there are more than enough variants of pathologies. For this reason alone, a woman should immediately see a doctor. An ultrasound scan, a vaginal smear, as well as blood and urine tests will help find the exact answer to the question of why blood appeared in the secretions of the genital tract.
If the discharge is scanty and not accompanied by pain, you should consult a doctor at the antenatal clinic at your place of residence. If the brown discharge is abundant, with clots, and pain, then you should go to bed, avoid standing or walking, and wait for an ambulance to be called immediately.
Visiting doctors must be told the duration of pregnancy (from the first day of the last menstruation), describe in detail all the symptoms, including even the most insignificant ones, in your opinion, and also tell about all previous pregnancies and their outcome. All this information will help doctors quickly guess the cause of the bleeding and take you to a gynecological hospital or the emergency department of a maternity hospital with the most accurate formulation of the problem. Every minute can be decisive; it is necessary to help doctors understand you correctly.
If brown discharge recurs sporadically, you should tell the observing obstetrician-gynecologist about this so that he can give the most complete and accurate recommendations regarding the expectant mother’s lifestyle, daily routine, work and rest, the ability to have sex, and also prescribe the necessary supportive treatment depending on the condition. causes.
If there is a threat of miscarriage due to low placentation, antispasmodics are prescribed that relax the muscles of the uterus and prevent its tone, as well as vitamins, drugs to improve uteroplacental blood flow and light herbal sedatives. If placental abruption occurs after hospital treatment, a woman may be prescribed hemostatic drugs. For hormonal problems and a lack of progesterone, certain dosages of hormonal drugs are recommended that completely compensate for the deficiency in the body.
Any problem that arises during pregnancy, including the appearance of atypical discharge, will be solved faster and more correctly, if you comply simple rules security such as:
- it is worth monitoring the nature of the discharge daily throughout pregnancy;
- It is necessary to use only thin sanitary pads; tampons cannot be used during pregnancy;
- you need to take questions responsibly intimate hygiene to prevent inflammatory processes due to its violation;
- you should not change your sexual partner during pregnancy;
- you need to take care of your reproductive health, avoid too harsh and rough sex, injury to the genital tract and cervix;
- it is necessary to regularly visit the antenatal clinic and undergo all required examinations and tests;
- you should quit smoking, do not take alcohol and drugs during pregnancy;
- You should avoid stress, conflicts, do not lift heavy objects and limit physical activity, which can provoke a threat of miscarriage.
The end of the first trimester in the development of the fetus in the womb is characterized by great changes in the baby. It remains small, but is already acquiring some independent functions.
Fetal development and size
The period is characterized by intensive growth of the child. The head at this time is still large (a third of the baby’s size), the body remains small, but begins to grow quickly. The arms grow, and against the background of their length, the legs seem small, which are also pressed to the stomach. By the way, you can already notice that sometimes the baby begins to suck his thumb.
The week is also different with the first movements of the fetus when the mother moves suddenly or during a loud conversation. The unborn baby is already able to change its position in the uterus - it does this due to the movements of its legs. The baby may already be stretching; at the same time, it fixes a pose in which the legs and arms are held in one position for several seconds.
At this stage:
- fingers “acquire” tactile receptors; thanks to them, he already feels the touch of the umbilical cord, the waters around him;
- the receptors responsible for taste and smell become functional;
- muscles grow, bones increase in size; small joints appear;
- baby teeth (20 pcs.) and vocal cords begin to form;
- reflexes appear: sucking movements of the sponges, grasping movements of small fingers are already visible;
- the eyes are finally formed, including their iris, on which the color of his eyes depends; but the eyelids remain fused and will wait 4 months to open;
- the brain is already fully formed; you can clearly see both hemispheres in it, the presence of the cerebellum;
- the neck becomes strong enough to allow the head to be raised;
- the diaphragm and sternum finish forming;
- the rudiments of the genitals appear outside;
- the kidneys begin their first work; Moreover, they produce urine, which is excreted in the child as usual; subsequently, urine ends up in the amniotic fluid - waste products from it, thanks to the placenta, end up in the mother’s blood;
- the intestines begin to work, but part of it still remains in the umbilical cord; this ends the formation of the entire gastrointestinal tract;
- others are growing internal organs: the liver reaches a size of 10% of the weight of the entire fetus; it produces blood, which at this time consists only of red blood cells;
- the chin and nose are already becoming a little noticeable;
- a tiny heart with four chambers appears; it immediately starts working.
Your future baby is still very small. Its weight reaches on average only 15 g, and its length does not exceed 6.8 cm.
Feelings and changes in a woman’s condition at 11 weeks of pregnancy
1This period brings the end of the manifestations of toxicosis into the life of the expectant mother. She begins to feel much less nauseated. She practically stops vomiting and her negative reaction to smells decreases.
But not everything is so smooth. Some women may experience heartburn, bloating, and constipation. This is due to the hormone progesterone, which reduces intestinal motility. Possible changes in sensations include: increased sweating, frequent urination.
Stomach
A slightly rounded tummy is already becoming noticeable. This change is insignificant and is practically not noticed by others. Although there are women with a special physique whose tummy is noticeable.
Despite its small size, it brings certain inconveniences to you: it becomes uncomfortable to lie on your stomach; you assess the condition of your stomach as after a good feast.
Uterus
This organ is already becoming quite large. It grows, adapting to the fetus, and enters the bony pelvic ring, reaching its upper border. Such a uterus already occupies the entire cavity existing in the small pelvis; it can be easily palpated just above the pubic joint.
An increase in the volume of the uterus leads to compression of the intestines in the lower section. This usually leads to more regular constipation in a pregnant woman.
Pain
This week may bother women with pain in the lower abdomen; they may also concentrate in the lower back. This may be the reason why your doctor prescribes an ultrasound. This is especially important when there is simultaneous bleeding from the vagina, the presence of which indicates the possibility of a threatened miscarriage.
Normally, at this stage a pregnant woman should have no pain. But this is ideal - in practice, women often, in addition to the stomach and lower back, have pain in their legs and headaches. Minor pain in the sides is also not uncommon - they are the result of stretching of the ligaments that support the growing uterus.
Temperature
Any pathological changes in the discharge may (but not necessarily) cause an increase in temperature. In general, from this week the pregnant woman basal temperature should decrease. Therefore, if it increases, this should be alarming, since some kind of inflammatory process is possible.
What to do:
- at temperatures up to 37°C...38°C you can not take any medications; it is better to drink a lot of warm drinks (viburnum, raspberries are prohibited for pregnant women), which will help bring it down;
- if the temperature exceeds 38 °C, you need to take an antipyretic; if this is not done, warming amniotic fluid can cause tissue damage in the fetus; The choice of drug should be made only together with a doctor.
Discharge at 11 weeks of pregnancy
Heavy vaginal discharge is common and should not be alarmed. Especially if they are light, of any thickness, and have no odor or sour aroma. But if colored discharge appears (yellowish, greenish, grayish), and it also smells bad, then we can assume that an infection has entered the vagina. With them, a woman’s genitals may become swollen and covered with redness; usually feels a burning sensation and a desire to scratch.
In addition, the discharge may be cheesy, bubbly, and have a pungent and pungent odor. In the first case, the development of candidiasis is possible, in the second - trichomoniasis.
Of all the discharges, the most dangerous are bloody ones. Their appearance is most often associated with the possibility of miscarriage, which is why an urgent trip to the hospital is needed. If they are not accompanied by pain, then the cause is damage to the vaginal mucosa.
Bleeding
The presence of blood in the discharge is a signal that fetal rejection may begin. This is a very dangerous symptom, after which you should not hesitate to go to the doctor.
The cause of blood in the discharge may be a frozen pregnancy. In this situation, the fetus inside has died and the process of its independent rejection by the uterus begins. However, there is hope - in half of the cases the embryo still shows signs of life and, if you seek help in a timely manner, it can be saved with the help of specialists.
Blood in the departments may also appear for other reasons:
- in the absence of pain in the lower back, lower abdomen, this may mean the development of fibroids, erosion in the cervix of the uterus;
- may manifest itself due to trichomoniasis, sexually transmitted infections;
- lifting pregnant weights;
- sexual intercourse
In any case, it is necessary, and urgently, to visit a gynecologist.
Nutrition at 11 weeks of pregnancy
Fetal development requires high-quality maternal nutrition. A pregnant woman's diet must be rich in proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. Naturally, only useful ones. It could be: lean fresh oils, cereals, fruits, boiled beef, vegetables.
In addition to the quality of food a woman consumes, its quantity and regularity of nutrition are also important. It cannot be conveyed, because it provokes heartburn and constipation. It is best to eat small meals - little by little, but every couple of hours.
A pregnant woman should eat light meals. It is necessary to exclude completely fried, spicy, fatty, unnatural foods. It’s good to have the latter based on nuts, herbs, fruits, grains, vegetables, and meat. But it’s better not to limit yourself when it comes to drinking. In this case, you should give preference to freshly squeezed juices, fruit drinks, and plain water.
Alcohol
Discussion bad habits in connection with pregnancy should not even arise in the family. If you want to have healthy offspring, that means not a drop of alcohol, not just this week, but for the entire 9 months, plus at least the breastfeeding period.
Drinking alcohol always reaches the fetus. And the most interesting thing (and maybe scary) is that the baby remembers its taste, smell and can fall in love with them.
Sex at 11 weeks pregnant
Sex is the best alternative to alcohol during pregnancy. More exciting feelings appear between spouses, and relationships become stronger. The woman also has a higher libido, which usually leads to greater pleasure for both partners.
There are, of course, some caveats. It is worth excluding sex positions that lead to discomfort in a woman during this period. In particular, completely hard sex is excluded; deep penetration. This can cause problems during pregnancy.
Intimacy when there is a threat of miscarriage is generally contraindicated.
Tests at 11 weeks of pregnancy
The hCG concentration is determined during biochemical screening and should be in the range of 20900...291000 mIU/ml. If this is confirmed, then the condition of the fetus is good, and the pregnancy itself is developing normally. In case of deviations, pathologies are possible and some kind of corrective treatment is required.
The amount of progesterone is not important for diagnosis. The baby’s condition and development are judged by data obtained from ultrasound.
Ultrasound
Ultrasound, which is performed at this stage, already makes it possible to clearly determine where the placenta is located in the uterus. There are two options - walls, bottom. The study is already able to see fetal activity; It can even be used to determine the baby’s heart rate.
An ultrasound scan determines the gestational age. This conclusion is based on the development of the fetus at the time of the examination. By the way, if you do an ultrasound later, you may not get such information.
Sometimes during this period they find out the sex of the child based on the results of an ultrasound. Although this requires a very highly qualified specialist, the organs for which such an assumption is made are still very poorly developed.
Screening
This term refers to a procedure that includes a triple ultrasound and a biochemical blood test. The latter is mandatory, as it allows you to determine the correctness of the child’s development and identify pathologies and deviations.
At week 11, the first screening is carried out. Ultrasound, in addition to establishing exact date pregnancy, helps to assess the course of pregnancy. During this procedure, multiple births are detected and the nuchal space around the fetus is measured.
Dangers at 11 weeks of pregnancy
This is the time when spontaneous abortion is no longer likely. However, there are complications that can “spoil” your mood and lead to problems. For example, with poor nutrition, calcium deficiency, pregnant women often experience varicose veins and their legs become covered with spider veins. A lack of vitamin D in food affects the baby - improper bone development can result in rickets.
Cold
The best option for a pregnant woman is not to catch a cold. The placenta is still in the stage of taking over the functions of the corpus luteum, therefore there is a high risk of infection of the fetus.
The most dangerous infection during this period is rubella. It can lead to pathological changes in the fetus. The common cold is also not good high temperature, cough, stuffy nose, which, if medications are prohibited, can create problems for the baby and mother.
The growth of the fetus leads to an increase in the load on the veins in women. Therefore, you need to pay enough attention to your feet:
- walking, prolonged sitting or standing should be ended with at least a short rest while lying down;
- do not neglect to use special anti-varicose stockings and tights;
- it is necessary to massage the feet; it should be light, with a special cooling gel.
Do not rush to feel your belly and look for the unborn child in it. It will not be possible to do this yet - the fruit is very small.
Be sure to keep an eye on the discharge. If you have the slightest doubt or suspicion, visit the clinic.
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