How long does it take for potatoes to germinate in soil?

How long does it take for potatoes to germinate in soil? How many days does it take for potatoes to sprout? Mid-season potato varieties Planting the main vegetable crop is half the battle. But to achieve

high yields tubers, uniform shoots are difficult. Although it is known how many days it takes for potatoes to sprout after planting, the days go by and there are only a few stalks in the field. The reasons for the uneven emergence of seedlings are different. To avoid such a situation, it is necessary to follow the timing and rules of planting and caring for it. Landing vegetable crop begin when the air temperature warms up to 8–10 degrees Celsius. Appear in warm soil

earthworms

. This is a signal to plant early potato varieties. The time for planting late types of crops comes when dandelions bloom.

Depending on the climate of the region and weather conditions, the day for planting the field is determined. Take into account the advice of gardeners who are guided by the lunar calendar. Planted tubers will germinate faster in a humid environment. But the dug up area for potatoes should not be salted. Nutrient substrates and humus are added to the soil. Pre-sprouted tubers germinate better. For vernalization

planting material

placed in boxes, taking them to a warm and bright room. To speed up germination, wet sawdust, peat or humus are poured between the tubers. Seed material kept at a temperature of 14–18 degrees Celsius for 10–15 days will increase the potato yield by half.

Vegetable sprouts appear after planting on days 10–12. If the weather is cool and there are still slight frosts at night, then the waiting period will last up to twenty days.

Why don't potatoes sprout?
Soil moisture is important for crop growth. Excessively dry soil does not provide enough moisture and nutrition to the nodules. They dry up without ever emerging. There is a lot of moisture, its stagnation in the area will lead to rotting of the nodules.

The depth at which the seeds are planted depends on the composition of the soil. Tubers are buried 8–10 centimeters in heavy clay soils, and 12–15 centimeters in light sandy soils. Then the potatoes germinate faster and on time.

Potatoes grow poorly on poor lands. Therefore, when digging the site, humus, superphosphate and potassium salt are added. You can put fertilizers in each hole during planting.
It is necessary to harrow the area for vegetable crops. The procedure is especially important for virgin lands. Unbroken lumps of soil will not allow potatoes to grow.
One of the potato field pests, mole crickets, prevent seedlings from appearing. The gnawed tubers without eyes will lie in the ground and rot.

The quality of the seed material must be high, otherwise the sprouts will not sprout.

What kind of potatoes are needed for planting?

Speaking about the quality of planting material, pay attention to:

absence of pest damage;
vegetable variety;
the presence of powerful sprouts on tubers.

If seed potatoes grown on the plot are sick, they cannot be planted. It will sprout slowly or rot in the ground. Tubers can be saved by treating them with potassium permanganate. A solution of boric acid and copper sulfate is used for disinfection. After processing, the seed material is dried.

Without germinating tubers, you cannot get a vegetable harvest. Before this, spoiled and diseased nodules are sorted. Ideal for planting would be healthy tubers weighing 50–70 grams. Larger ones are cut in half 2-3 weeks before planting. Sprouted potatoes are planted.

Why do potatoes rise unevenly?

Bald spots in a potato field are due to the fact that some of the planted tubers did not germinate. This happens because:

poorly selected planting material;
Some tubers had no sprouts before planting;
plant seeds are damaged by pests;
potatoes lack nutrients;
there are many large lumps of earth on the field.

To ensure uniform seedlings of the vegetable, you must carefully select the tubers for planting. They should be medium in size with thick, strong shoots. Long threads on the seeds indicate diseases of the crop and its inability to grow.

But greened tubers will be more useful on the site; they can produce a healthy harvest. They accumulate solanine, which will help the plant resist diseases and pests.

What to do, how to speed up the germination of potatoes?

When the potatoes have not sprouted in the field after twenty days, you need to dig holes and look at the condition of the tubers. If there are not even sprouts on them or the seeds have rotted, then such vegetable plantings will be of no use. For potatoes to bear fruit, you must:

prepare tubers before planting, discarding beaten, cut, damaged ones;
carry out germination of seed material;
place the tubers in boxes with peat, humus, a moistened solution of mineral salts: 30 grams of superphosphate, 20 grams of potassium salt per bucket of water;
choose a vegetable variety that suits the area;
choose a day for planting taking into account the weather and climate.

It is important to prepare the area for cultivation in a timely manner. The field is prepared in the fall after harvesting. Dig or plow the soil, adding humus.

Harrowing the area will break up the dense layers of soil.

Taking into account the “three tens” rules - planting depth of 10 centimeters, soil temperature of 10 degrees - the first potato sprouts are obtained in 10 days.

Rules for caring for potato plantings

Before the vegetable shoots appear, the area is harrowed, loosening the soil to a depth of 4–5 centimeters. For the procedure, choose a sunny, dry day so that the emerging weeds die.

Harrowing is also necessary when the sprouts hatch, the second time when the stems reach ten centimeters in height. The rows are loosened perpendicularly to a depth of seven centimeters. Vegetable crops are fed depending on the composition of the soil. A solution is added to moist, rich soil. wood ash or superphosphate with potassium salt. Poor soils need superphosphate with ammonium nitrate and potassium salts. 30–50 grams of superphosphate, 10–15 grams of ammonium nitrate and 15–20 grams of potassium salt are dissolved in ten liters of water. From organic matter, mullein is taken in a ratio of 1:5 or bird droppings - 1:12. Mineral fertilizers

alternate with organic ones.

All types of care are aimed at providing the plant with moisture and nutrition. Hilling will cause the formation of underground stems on which a second tier of tubers will form.

If the formation of ovaries is weak and the stem is strong, fertilize the rows of the vegetable with ash or fertilizers containing phosphorus and potassium.

Potatoes grow quickly if preparation for planting and care of the crop are properly organized. Using various technologies germination and varietal characteristics

Potatoes are an important nutritional component; they store well and are unpretentious to growing conditions. Therefore, it is grown everywhere for themselves and for sale. The harvest largely depends on how friendly, timely and strong the seedlings are.

If the tubers are not germinated first, you need to be patient while waiting for the shoots. But it happens that high-quality seed produces late, uneven or sparse seedlings. Here are the factors that influence this.

The appearance of the first shoots depends on the temperature of the soil. Germination is affected by night and morning frosts, which inhibit the development of the crop. You can start planting tubers at a temperature of at least +10°C. In this case, after planting, the potatoes sprout on the 20-25th day. When the soil temperature ranges from +11 to +18°C, sprouts appear on the 15-20th day. If the soil warms up above +19°C, seedlings will appear within a week.

These indicators are relevant for ordinary seed potatoes. If you plant germinated tubers, they will hatch 3–5 days earlier than the specified time.

It is worth considering that root crops are not deeply buried when planted early, because the lower layers of the soil do not warm up well. And in such conditions the culture does not germinate.

Block: 2/5 | Number of characters: 794

Potato germination

As has already happened, everyone plants potatoes in May, they grow all summer and, traditionally, harvesting in September. Almost all gardeners do this, so the demand, as well as the profit from sales, is significantly small.

Therefore, in order to grow a good harvest, and also make money on it, you need to know how fast do potatoes grow and the reasons why you can lose the harvest.

How many days do potatoes usually take to sprout after planting?

When the earth has warmed up to 10 degrees, then the first potato sprouts begin to appear. This happens approximately in 25 days. If the temperature remains within +20 degrees for a long time, then seedlings may appear and on day 15.

When planting any sprouted potatoes, germination occurs after 7 days.

The first potato shoots appear at about 15-20 days, depending on the temperature

For quick receipt yields in the early stages, should be planted shallow into the ground. Since when planted deeply, the tubers will be stuck in their development due to unheated soil. For quick germination, potatoes need to be planted in upper layer soil.

If the soil moisture reaches 75%, then planting is undesirable; you need to wait a little. Putrefactive diseases can attack here.

Dependence on variety

Basically, sprouts of any potato variety appear a month after landing. Exist special types potatoes that can be dug after 40 days from the moment the crop was planted.

These are the varieties:

Early ripening
Ultra early ripening.

If you choose large seeds for planting, then the fruits will be large

Tubers should be taken large, because they form a large bush and the fruits will be large.

For disembarkation early potatoes you need to take healthy seeds, they must be hard, not cracked and free from diseases.

Reasons for uneven germination

There are several reasons for uneven seed germination:

Potato seeds were planted to different soil depths. Since the soil warms up unevenly in the spring, the germination rate will be different;
The tubers had different shapes;
When planting the tubers were germinated unevenly;
Use of planting material of various varieties.

Risk of potatoes not sprouting at all

There were cases when the potatoes did not sprout at all. It seems that all the technologies have been followed, but not a single sprout has appeared. It was such a sad experience storing seeds in white bags. Due to the fact that the potatoes spent the entire storage time in these bags, their germination rate came to zero.

Under no circumstances should seeds be stored in white synthetic bags.

Therefore, any gardener knows that tubers cannot be stored in white synthetic bags.

Tricks of gardeners to guarantee germination

For good harvest The variety, as well as the time of planting, play a role. But there are a couple of tricks to get the best cleaning effect.

Before planting potatoes you need fertilize the soil. The use of fertilizers is also necessary during the growth process.
When the tubers are just planted in the ground, they need to be watered with any type of complex fertilizer. After this, shoots will appear much earlier.
After landing you can mulch with peat. This will protect the tubers from harmful insects.
After a couple of days you need loosen the ground, so that the tubers are saturated with fresh air.

Timely loosening is one of the tricks for good germination

Block: 2/6 | Number of characters: 3243

Planting order for proper germination

To get a good potato harvest you need to use selected seeds. Gardeners generally approach their preparation in the fall.

Tubers must be of the correct shape without visible damage.

Then you need them green up. This way they are stored better and are not subject to rodent infestation. But here it is necessary to store separately from edible potatoes, due to the acquired content of poisonous solanine.

Before planting, the seed material is again sorted and ventilated. Then it is treated with a solution of boric acid and water.

Then a landing site is selected. It is advisable not to plant potatoes in the same place for several years in a row. The soil needs to be well fertilized. If there is not enough sand the potatoes will sprout Badly.

Need to plant deep about 8 cm. Not too many, because overgrown bushes will interfere with each other’s growth. They will not ventilate and a disease called late blight may occur.

Tubers for planting must have eyes. For quick germination, you need to plant with the eyes facing upward. This will lead to rapid germination.

Tubers for planting must have eyes

Planting time is carried out when the soil is warm enough and the nights are warm enough, without frost. Mostly the weather is like this in the beginning of May. Suitable for seeds of early varieties mid-April.

If the time has come to plant potatoes, but it is clear that the ground is not properly warmed up, you can plant it shallowly, about 6 cm. Even the weak rays of the sun at such a planting depth will sufficiently warm the tubers.

Block: 3/6 | Number of characters: 1552
Source: http://profermu.com/ogorod/kartofel/kogda-vshody.html

placed in boxes, taking them to a warm and bright room. To speed up germination, wet sawdust, peat or humus are poured between the tubers. Seed material kept at a temperature of 14–18 degrees Celsius for 10–15 days will increase the potato yield by half.

Vegetable sprouts appear after planting on days 10–12. If the weather is cool and there are still slight frosts at night, then the waiting period will last up to twenty days.

Why don't potatoes sprout?
Soil moisture is important for crop growth. Excessively dry soil does not provide enough moisture and nutrition to the nodules. They dry up without ever emerging. There is a lot of moisture, its stagnation in the area will lead to rotting of the nodules.

The depth at which the seeds are planted depends on the composition of the soil. Tubers are buried 8–10 centimeters in heavy clay soils, and 12–15 centimeters in light sandy soils. Then the potatoes germinate faster and on time.

Potatoes grow poorly on poor lands. Therefore, when digging the site, humus, superphosphate and potassium salt are added. You can put fertilizers in each hole during planting.
It is necessary to harrow the area for vegetable crops. The procedure is especially important for virgin lands. Unbroken lumps of soil will not allow potatoes to grow.
One of the potato field pests, mole crickets, prevent seedlings from appearing. The gnawed tubers without eyes will lie in the ground and rot.

The quality of the seed material must be high, otherwise the sprouts will not sprout.

Seed quality

You should not wait for early potato shoots if tubers have been planted different sizes and with low-quality sprouts.

What kind of seed material should be:

each tuber has several large eyes;
large potatoes, approximately the same size;
the sprouts are thick, not very long;
there are no damaged areas or traces of putrefactive processes on the tubers;
Before planting, potatoes were treated with moderate doses of fungicides.

Each shoot is formed from an eye, so shoots will appear only if they are present. Even one “empty” tuber can ruin the harvest in the hole. Ungerminated seed will become a source of rot or mold. Small nodules will germinate only after 4-5 weeks, but the seedlings will be frail and non-viable. For planting, experienced gardeners recommend choosing potatoes over 40-50 g. The amount of harvest harvested in the summer depends on how much the tubers weigh.

Even in the absence of visible damage, the seed can present unpleasant surprises after germination. It depends on how long the potatoes were stored and under what conditions. Tubers that have been overwintered in airtight bags or boxes are often unsuitable for planting. Seed material is carefully selected in the fall and stored separately from the main harvest. The place for containers should be dark and dry.

You cannot select tubers for planting in spring on a residual basis. In this case, the potatoes will sprout only after 25-30 days, and the sprouts will be weak and overly elongated. A gardener should not expect a rich harvest from such seed.

Sprouts appear on time when all the rules for processing tubers before planting are followed. About a month before the onset of stable heat, the potatoes are sorted, inspected and substandard ones are discarded. Then the seed must be immersed in a solution of any fungicide.

How long does it take to soak:

medium-sized potatoes - 10-15 minutes;
large tubers - about half an hour.

Now the tubers need to be spread out in a dry place for ventilation and sprout formation. How long germination takes depends on the air temperature. For proper preparation seed should be provided at 12-15°C.

Only tubers with thick and powerful sprouts are lowered into the holes. The first shoots will sprout in 15-20 days. Potatoes with weak sprouts that look like fragile threads are best discarded. They simply will not be able to break through the soil even a month after the tubers are buried and will begin to rot, putting neighboring tubers at risk of damage.

Often land owners commit big mistake before planting: they treat the tubers with highly concentrated solutions of pesticides. Toxic substances accumulate in seed material, it takes a very long time to germinate. Mole crickets will not eat such potatoes, but they are absolutely unsuitable for human food. Before using fungicides, it is necessary to dilute exactly the same as recommended in the instructions.

Block: 2/3 | Number of characters: 2948
Source: https://goodgrunt.ru/ovoshhi/kogda-vsxodit-kartofel.html

Planting order

In order for planted potatoes to germinate on time, you need to ensure proper preparation for planting and care of the crop. All work begins in the fall and continues throughout the growing season.

Plot

Potatoes prefer to grow in nutritious soil, so humus is added to the soil during digging. For normal development, one bucket per 1 sq.m. is enough. In spring, the soil is thoroughly plowed, removing plant debris. The lack of microelements affects not only fertility, but also the germination of raw materials.

When choosing a site, give preference to a well-lit place. In the shade, the crop develops poorly, and the timing of hatching from seeds may be delayed. Do not forget about the rules of crop rotation - do not plant vegetables after nightshade species. Recommended predecessors:

green manure;
zucchini;
garlic;
legumes

A week before planting, you can start laying out the beds. Remember that the plant will not produce a bountiful harvest in soil that is too dense, so it is necessary to “dilute” the structure with sand. Two tablespoons of superphosphate are poured into the bottom of each hole, after which the plantation is covered with polyethylene.

Preparation of raw materials

To get a good potato harvest, you need to take only high-quality varietal seeds. Under favorable conditions, potato seedlings appear a month after planting. However, there are varieties of the popular root vegetable that will produce a bountiful harvest 6 weeks after being buried in the ground. If you want to get young potatoes, then we recommend choosing early-ripening and ultra-early varieties.

Harvesting begins in the fall after the last harvest. Select correct, even tubers, without damage or stains. The raw materials are left for several days under the diffused sun for greening. Such fruits are perfectly stored until the next season, and low-quality specimens appear immediately.

In the spring, the sorted and sorted seeds are transferred to a room with access to light and a temperature of 15 to 20 C. We advise you to lay out the products in two layers on racks or in vegetable boxes. After 3 weeks, shoots with roots appear on the potatoes. Before starting work, remove all unsprouted specimens or those that have an irregular shape (single, thread-like).

If you don’t have time to sprout potatoes, then you can give preference to heating. The procedure begins 10 days before planting in the ground. To do this, the raw materials are left in the dark at elevated temperature– 18-20 C. Longer stay in such conditions leads to the formation of long shoots, which break off when buried in the ground.

Large tubers take longer to germinate than small ones. Huge fruits take a long time to form large bushes with a highly developed root system. If you don’t want to get giant specimens, then give preference to medium-sized raw materials - no larger than a chicken egg.

You cannot take tubers without eyes, otherwise you may not see shoots at all. The potatoes should be healthy, without cracks or dents. In addition, it is prohibited to store seed material in white plastic bags. Under such conditions, pipping is zero.

To ensure the health of the raw materials, we recommend cutting two potatoes for inspection. Additionally, pay attention to the shoots of sprouted tubers. The shoots should be short and thick. The longer the branches, the more likely they are to break during transportation or planting.

Landing

In order for potatoes to sprout, you need to bury them to a depth of 8 to 10 cm; the recommended planting pattern is 80x35 cm. Some gardeners prefer to place the tubers more densely, but densely planted vegetation will interfere with development. The tops are poorly blown by the wind, which increases the likelihood of getting late blight.

The first hilling is carried out after the seedlings reach 10 cm. Carefully sprinkle the bushes with soil, which is collected next to the bed. The plant takes root deeper into the ground, which will provide excellent protection from frost and help produce a bountiful harvest.

Potatoes began to sprout eight days after planting

The second turn of the cucumber 2017 emerges - 3 days after planting

As soon as the tops grow to 40 cm, a second hilling can be carried out. To avoid exposing the underground parts, it is necessary to carefully cover them with soil. At the same time, the rows are weeded, removing weeds. For relax further care plantings are mulched with sawdust.

When growing root crops, it is important to adhere to the rules of agricultural technology. Knowing how many days it takes for potatoes to sprout, you can provide the most comfortable conditions for a crop such as potatoes.

Reason for uneven emergence

“Bald spots” in a potato bed can most often be observed after planting non-vernalized tubers. Potatoes purchased at the market from an “unidentified person”, donated by “good neighbors”, or brought from a chain store may not sprout for various reasons:

illness;
eyes damaged by frost due to improper storage;
To preserve the goods, the trading network treats vegetables with special reagents that inhibit the germination process;
seed material is collected according to the principle “from one source to another” - tubers of different varieties, unequal in size;
planting was carried out at different depths.

The conclusions are obvious - seed tubers should be purchased only from a trusted seller, stored in proper conditions and agricultural practices should be followed.

If potatoes rise unevenly, the reasons may be:

different planting depths - tubers located close to the soil surface warm up better and germinate faster;
different sizes of planting material;
one batch may contain unsprouted and partially sprouted tubers;
a mixture of varieties in one bed - a mixture of planting material of early and late varieties produces uneven seedlings.

Germination is influenced correct selection and preparation of planting potatoes

Acceleration methods

In the south of the country, gardeners manage to grow root crops twice a season. This is largely due to the air temperature and the type of vegetable. Some tricks also help speed up germination from the moment of planting:

During site preparation, organic and mineral fertilizers are applied to the soil. But fresh manure is not used for potato beds.
Before planting, the tubers must be germinated.
Root crops are planted with their eyes facing up.
After planting, the soil is mulched to protect the sprouts from pests. This layer warms the tubers, which speeds up germination.
5–7 days after planting, the soil is carefully loosened to a depth of 1–2 cm. Then more air reaches the roots.
After germination, the planting is fertilized with urea or ammonium sulfate. Thanks to these fertilizers, plants begin to bloom and bloom faster.

Mid-April is suitable for planting early varieties. But at this time the soil does not always warm up to desired temperature.If the weather is cold, potatoes are planted in the soil to a depth of no more than 5–6 cm. The weak rays of the April sun still warm the tubers and the plant sprouts.

Sprout potatoes in a ventilated, bright room. Root vegetables are placed in wooden boxes filled with sawdust or sand. Once a week, planting material is treated with a solution of potassium permanganate, copper sulfate or boric acid. Such preparation will help to grow a large bush, and the fruits of the crop will be large.

Block: 5/5 | Number of characters: 1462
Source: https://doma-v-sadu.ru/ogorod/kogda-vshodit-kartofel.html

Technology for planting potatoes in open ground and its impact on the timing of emergence

Depending on climatic and soil conditions, potatoes personal plots open ground grow different ways: from traditional, “grandfather’s”, to special ones - for straw, according to Mittleider and others.

Planting potatoes with whole or cut tubers to a depth of 10-12 cm in holes has been practiced by summer residents to the point of automaticity: one digs, the other throws. A simple method proven by generations of experience gives excellent results with careful care and favorable weather conditions.

The start of planting work can be hampered by a prolonged spring - cold and damp, when the soil does not have time to warm up and ripen, this delays the time of planting.

If the tubers are set for vernalization, the sprouts overgrow, which leads to a deterioration in germination and productivity of the bed as a whole.

Planting seed tubers without pre-germination(directly from the cellar) delays the emergence of seedlings by up to 4 weeks.

It turned out that the progressive “Dutch” method of planting in ridges had long been used, without knowing it, by residents of the northern regions. The soil raised to the “ridge” warms up well even under the mild northern sun. Wide row spacing and big square the lateral surface of the “ridge” is created favorable conditions on soil temperature and ventilation, which allows the use of more early dates planting and obtaining seedlings even for 1-2 weeks.

Compared to a conventional garden bed, the use of “Dutch technology” not only shifts the timing, but also gives a significant increase in the yield due to more complete use natural resources- light, heat, water.

The currently popular method of growing tubers under straw has many advantages, the main ones:

labor costs are kept to a minimum - there is no need to dig, loosen, or hill;
no weeding is needed - weeds do not grow through the mulch layer;
Tubers can be selected as they grow without damaging the roots of the plant.

Spread the tubers on the garden bed and sprinkle with a layer of straw - anyone can do this. For everything to be successful, the following conditions must be met:

warm, moist soil;
vernalized potatoes;
straw or mown grass, layer thickness - at least 10 cm.

Compliance with the first point is mandatory. Tubers may not germinate at all, since a thick layer of mulch serves as a thermal insulator - protecting the soil from heating.

The time for “planting” potatoes under straw is delayed by 1-2 weeks compared to traditional way“under the shovel” plantings. Green potato leaves on a straw bed and a regular bed will appear at the same time. The difference in planting time will not be noticeable, since a favorable microclimate is created under the mulch layer.

What to do, how to speed up the germination of potatoes?

prepare tubers before planting, discarding beaten, cut, damaged ones;
carry out germination of seed material;
place the tubers in boxes with peat, humus, a moistened solution of mineral salts: 30 grams of superphosphate, 20 grams of potassium salt per bucket of water;
choose a vegetable variety that suits the area;
choose a day for planting taking into account the weather and climate.

It is important to prepare the area for cultivation in a timely manner. The field is prepared in the fall after harvesting. Dig or plow the soil, adding humus.

Harrowing the area will break up the dense layers of soil.

Trying new potatoes as soon as possible is the understandable desire of every summer resident. It is quite possible to get early shoots, and therefore an early harvest of tubers in a small garden bed.

The easiest way is to cover the bed with film or agrofibre immediately after planting. You can use any film - black or transparent. A greenhouse effect is created under the film, the bed quickly heats up, and the shelter does not allow the soil to cool down overnight. How long it takes for seedlings to appear depends on the following factors: within 1 week (vernalized tubers) or 2 weeks (without germination).

For this purpose, it is convenient to plant a separate double row, and above it install a simple shelter on arches. IN greenhouse conditions Potatoes can grow until summer weather sets in.

Taking into account the “three tens” rules - planting depth of 10 centimeters, soil temperature of 10 degrees - the first potato sprouts are obtained in 10 days.

Rules for caring for potato plantings

Before the vegetable shoots appear, the area is harrowed, loosening the soil to a depth of 4–5 centimeters. For the procedure, choose a sunny, dry day so that the emerging weeds die.

Vegetable crops are fed depending on the composition of the soil. A solution of wood ash or superphosphate with potassium salt is added to the moist, rich soil. Poor soils need superphosphate with ammonium nitrate and potassium salts. 30–50 grams of superphosphate, 10–15 grams of ammonium nitrate and 15–20 grams of potassium salt are dissolved in ten liters of water. From organic matter, mullein is taken in a ratio of 1:5 or bird droppings - 1:12. Mineral fertilizers alternate with organic ones.

U The process for growing potatoes after germination consists of:

watering during the formation of tubers;
hilling twice per season;
vegetable pest control.

alternate with organic ones.

All types of care are aimed at providing the plant with moisture and nutrition. Hilling will cause the formation of underground stems on which a second tier of tubers will form.

If the formation of ovaries is weak and the stem is strong, fertilize the rows of the vegetable with ash or fertilizers containing phosphorus and potassium.

Landing

Plants are not ventilated enough, and there is a risk of developing late blight. Often planted plants are difficult to hill up; some of the tubers may turn green and become unsuitable for consumption.

Potatoes did not rise - error analysis

Mistakes made during landing can lead to problems.

If there is no confidence in the quality of the seed tubers, planting should be carried out only after germination. If the eyes do not “wake up” within 1 week of vernalization, there is a high probability that it is useless to expect sprouts. It is urgent to look for a replacement: healthy tubers without damage from frost or disease.

Sprouted potatoes are difficult to tolerate low temperatures. Sprouts rot under the influence of frost, attracting underground living creatures - mole crickets, May beetle larvae and others.

After hibernation, insects are unusually voracious and can destroy the entire plantation even before germination.

Planting in cold soil inhibits the movement of juices and the development of sprouts. Temperatures up to 10°C are not conducive to the development of potato bushes, but are quite favorable for colonies of fungi, viruses and microorganisms. A tuber affected by disease stops growing or grows weak.

In any case, even when the reason for the “non-germination” is beyond doubt, you should dig up the nest and make sure your guesses are correct or incorrect in order to draw conclusions for the future.

100% potato germination is real

Experienced summer residents know how to achieve maximum germination of planted tubers and thereby increase the productivity of the potato bed.

Compliance with the rules of crop rotation reduces the risk of potato diseases at the stage of bush formation.
Preparing the bed in the fall guarantees structured, nutritious soil by the time the tubers are planted.
Seed material must be germinated.
During vernalization, it is useful to treat tubers with a solution of complex fertilizers by spraying.
On the eve of planting, it is advisable to treat the tubers with a growth stimulator. This speeds up metabolism and increases productivity.

Spring planting is over, you can relax a little. How many days does it take for potatoes to sprout? What needs to be done to speed up the process?

Old-timers say that potatoes “pop out” after 21 days. In fact, this does not always happen.

Landing rules: terms and conditions. The planting time varies in each region. Climate features influence. In the central and northern regions, frosts and even light snowfall are possible until mid-May. Mostly planting is done from the last week of April until mid-May. It is best to plant potatoes when the outside temperature reaches +7–10 degrees. The earth should warm up to +8 degrees. The first leaves can be observed after 25 days. When the soil warms up to +20, the germination period will be reduced by 7–10 days. The way potatoes germinate is also affected by:

quality of seed material. Seeds should be germinated at a temperature level of 10–12 degrees for 14–20 days. Avoid exposure to direct sunlight. The sprouts should be dense, swollen, and small. If these pre-germination conditions are met, the potatoes will sprout a week earlier.
planting depth. It is important to remember when planting the depth of the hole. It should be no more than 10 cm. Heavily buried potatoes will “sit” in the ground for a long time.
soil moisture percentage. The maximum rate is 75%. Otherwise, the formation of fungus on tubers will not only increase the time, but can also completely destroy the entire crop.
variety of vegetable crop. “Jumps out” faster.

"Tricks" to speed up the process. If you need to get an extra-early harvest by the end of July, then potassium and phosphorus should be added to the soil. A month before planting, the seeds must be germinated. For early harvest It’s better to take early and medium early varieties. Be sure to spray the seeds every 7 days copper sulfate(2 grams per 10 liters of water) or boric acid(50 grams per bucket of water). If they are absent, you can treat them with potassium permanganate (10 grams per 10 liters). Seed material is planted in the ground on April 25–28. Place several in the hole small potatoes. You can cut large tubers, making sure to leave 2-3 “eyes”. Cutting knives must be treated with potassium permanganate.

To prevent possible frosts, the plot of land is insulated. An air “cushion” is created under the straw, a layer of sawdust, and humus. It not only saves from temperature changes, but also accelerates the plant growth process. Some gardeners use ready-made covering material for these purposes.

The most in a simple way Heavy watering of the area is considered to speed up seed germination warm water every evening. When water freezes, it releases heat, which is what has a beneficial effect on potato growth.

Simply sprinkling the first shoots with a layer of soil (3–4 cm) will also help. In the future, these “mounds” do not need to be leveled.

A month after planting, it is necessary to feed the young plants with ammonium sulfate (25 grams per 1 square meter) or urea (12 grams per 1 square meter).

The second feeding with potassium (50 grams per 10 liters of water) should be carried out during the budding period.

Why are the shoots uneven? The “friendly” appearance of the first shoots is influenced by several aspects:

planting depth level. The upper layers of the earth are heated more strongly; the deeper the seed material sits, the more time it takes to break through to the surface.
tuber size at planting. The larger the planting material, the longer it takes for germination.
mixing varieties. Each variety has its own characteristics. The early ones “break through” faster, but are very susceptible. If at winter storage was violated temperature regime, possibly long and poor-quality ripening.

You can harvest an excellent potato harvest in the fall without special effort. It is necessary to approach competently and methodically preparatory process and follow the recommendations when planting. Grow potatoes for health!

Potatoes have been one of the staple foods for both city dwellers and villagers for many years. The unpretentious culture is quite easy to care for and can be easily stored during the winter cold. They are usually planted in May, but preparing and planting potatoes is only half the battle. In order for the seeds to germinate well and produce a rich harvest, it is necessary to take into account many factors, from the type of potato and the average temperature in the region to soil moisture and planting rules.

Deadlines

Planting of early vegetables begins in early or mid-May, when the air temperature is around 10 degrees. Of course, you can monitor temperature changes daily to catch the right moment, but you can turn to long-term observations of experienced gardeners. One of the first signs that the soil is ready for planting potatoes is the appearance of earthworms in it. You can also pay attention to the birch leaves: if they are the size of a ruble coin, then it’s time to plant. Late varieties Potatoes are planted at a temperature of 10–15 degrees, when dandelions begin to bloom.

The first shoots usually appear 20–25 days after planting, and the soil must have a temperature of at least 10 degrees. If the weather is warm and the soil temperature reaches 20 degrees, then the potatoes will sprout within 10–15 days. Also, the humidity of the environment significantly affects germination: the more moisture in the soil, the less time it takes for the first tops to appear. An even greater speed is achieved in the absence of a large amount of salts in the soil and the addition of additional humus and various fertilizers.

It is considered the most correct to plant sprouted tubers. To do this, you need to put the vegetables in wooden boxes in advance (in early or mid-April) and place them in a warm place with good lighting. After 1–2 weeks, white sprouts will appear on almost all tubers.

Peat or wet sawdust poured into the same box between the tubers will speed up the process. Also, starting in April, you can not throw away potatoes that have sprouted in the pantry or cellar, but put them aside for later planting.

Temperature indicators

Undoubtedly, the correct temperature is the main condition for a good harvest as experienced gardener, and a beginner. However, growing potatoes in a greenhouse, like other vegetables, is impractical: the crop can be harvested only once, and the sowing area for this should be maximum. Therefore, you have to adapt to weather the region where the process of growing the crop takes place.

In the more southern regions of the country it grows faster and produces less large fruits. In addition, you have to water it quite often to protect it from drying out.
In the northern regions, seedlings appear much later, but if the weather is warm and sunny, then the size of each tuber will differ favorably in a larger direction.

To just start growing, potatoes need minimum temperature soil about 10 degrees. In colder soil, root growth stops, root pressure inside the plant decreases, and the flow of juices through it slows down. Many seedlings can freeze or be eaten by worms and mole crickets. If planting potatoes is scheduled for a certain day, and the soil has not yet warmed up by that time, you need to plant them at a shallow depth. You should not dig large pits - a small hole of 5–6 cm is enough. If it is possible to wait for the soil to completely warm up, then the hole can be dug 10–12 cm deep.

You should not start planting vegetables on the first warm day after the snow melts. The fact is that even the loosest soil warms up much longer than the air. Northern regions need about 2 months for this, and in southern regions this process takes about 3–5 weeks.

Depending on the variety

The chosen potato variety is no less important than the temperature. For landings in middle lane Most often, mid-early and early varieties are chosen, as they better tolerate temperature changes and night frosts. Hybrids such as Laguna F1, Tushon or Zabava F1 will easily sprout for any gardener, even if it was planted in mid-April. Despite the fact that the average germination time for potatoes is about a month, there are also varieties that can be eaten within 1.5 months after planting: early-ripening and ultra-early potatoes.

After choosing a variety, you need to select the right tubers for planting from the available seed potatoes. The seed must have the following characteristics:

the tuber is hard and strong;
all potatoes are approximately the same size;
there is no rot, damage from insects or animals on seed potatoes;
on tubers in plural there are short thick sprouts (“eyes”).

Experienced gardeners select tubers the size of a large chicken egg that have no visible damage. The presence of rot will not allow the bush to develop properly, and a tuber “eaten” by insects may not produce a harvest at all. The potato should have many eyes, from which the first sprouts will appear.

Disembarkation rules

Before proceeding directly to planting potatoes, it is necessary to carry out additional training, which includes several important steps.

Plot

For a good harvest, nutritious soil is necessary, so when digging up the site in the autumn, you can add various fertilizers in the form of peat or humus. They are added to small quantities: just one bucket is enough for a plot of 1 square meter. m. In spring, the ground is thoroughly plowed and all vegetation is removed from it. In addition, the place for planting potatoes should be well lit by the sun, since this vegetable grows very reluctantly in the shade. You should not plant potatoes in the same place for more than two years in a row. The soil must either rest, or something other than nightshades must be planted on it. Legumes, zucchini or garlic are best for crop rotation.

7-10 days before planting, you need to add sand to the ground to make the soil structure more loose.

If there is a need for additional fertilizer, you can add 1-2 tablespoons of superphosphate to pre-dug holes and cover the entire dug surface with polyethylene.

Preparation of material

In the fall, it is necessary to begin preparations for the next planting. From harvested seed tubers are selected and placed for several days under scattered Sun rays. Green seeds are stored in fabric bags or wooden boxes separately from the crop intended for food. In the spring, the potatoes are sorted and sorted again, ruthlessly getting rid of any damaged tubers. The selected material is laid out in one or two layers on wood (in boxes or on racks) in a bright room with an air temperature of 15 degrees and above. If everything was done correctly, after three weeks the first shoots should appear on the root crops. Before planting, another culling is carried out, during which all unsprouted potatoes are removed, leaving only tubers with correct roots.

In the case when there is no time and opportunity to germinate vegetables, it is enough to warm them up after long storage in the cold. To do this, you need to leave the potatoes in a dark but warm (at least 18 degrees) place for 10 days, after which a final culling is carried out.

At this same stage, you can carry out primary protection against pests and diseases by soaking the potatoes in a special chemical solution or spraying them. For this purpose, insectofungicides “Prestige” or “Maxim” and growth stimulants “Epin” or “Vermistim” are used. As a result of this treatment, potatoes grow faster and are more protected.

Landing

The most favorable crop planting scheme is considered to be 80x35 and with a hole depth of no more than 10 cm. More frequent planting will not allow the root system to develop correctly and may increase the risk of potato disease from late blight. After the first shoots sprout and rise to at least 10 cm in height, the first hilling can be carried out. The soil near the hole is collected with a hoe, and the plant is carefully sprinkled.

The second hilling is usually carried out when the height of the tops reaches 35–40 cm. At the same time, the entire planting area is thoroughly weeded and mulched.

Reasons for uneven germination

If potatoes are not planted for the first time, then most often there are no problems with the speed of their ripening. However, novice gardeners can make many mistakes, as a result of which the seeds will germinate unevenly. There may be several reasons for this.

Different hole depths. Since the soil warms up unevenly, a difference of even a few centimeters can lead to a delay in the growth of tops.
Different sizes of seed potatoes. Large tubers take longer to germinate than medium and small tubers.
Different varieties of potatoes. There are more early and less early ripening vegetables, so the time of appearance of the first shoots is very different for them.
The seed potatoes were unevenly germinated. Potatoes with big amount buds germinate much faster than those with only 2-3 buds.

Sometimes it happens that all the conditions for proper preparation and planting of potatoes are met, but no sprouts appear. This may be due to the fact that the seeds were stored in closed polyethylene bags, and its germination rate came to zero.

You should never use synthetic closed containers to store seeds: this will negate all the efforts of the owner of the site.

In general, there are no special tricks for growing potatoes. Like any crop, it needs to be fertilized, loosened and weeded in a timely manner. You should wait no more than 1.5 months for the first shoots. If during this time the green leaves have not even appeared above the surface of the earth, then they will not appear. The reasons may be either poor quality of seed potatoes or diseases of already planted tubers. IN next landing It’s worth taking into account all the previous mistakes and then you can get an excellent harvest.

See the following video for the secrets of planting potatoes.

Absolutely all residents are involved in growing potatoes rural areas, and many townspeople. There are practically no problems with this crop, except for the scourge of the Colorado potato beetle and exhausting weeding. Potatoes can be grown in almost any soil, however, provided that not only planting dates are observed, but also care. Having planted potatoes ahead of time, the gardener will have to wait a long time for the shoots to sprout, and after the first sprouts appear, the plant will still be for a long time remain weak and lifeless.

The point is that it's too early boarding leads to the planting tubers freezing, because the soil, as a rule, is not yet warmed up enough. Life processes slow down and until the potatoes in the ground warm up, they will not begin to grow.

It does not take well to potatoes and late planting, because even then the shoots come a little later. Despite the fact that the plant will be fully formed, in development it will be slightly behind the potatoes that got into the soil on time, while the formation of tubers will occur correctly, but most of them will not have time to reach required sizes. Simply put, the harvest will be small.

Knowing this, every gardener tries to plant potato planting material in more or less time and, of course, taking into account auspicious days for landing! Only this will give germination in right time and potatoes will be created with favorable conditions for development.

When do potatoes sprout after planting?

If the soil is warm enough when planting potatoes, weather conditions are favorable, the planting material is prepared in advance - warmed up and barely noticeable sprouts have already appeared, then the potatoes will sprout already on the 21st day after the planting material hits the soil. If people grow a vegetable for personal consumption, they are completely satisfied with the natural processes. But those who sell potatoes complain that such shoots are late and extremely inconvenient in the sense that they allow harvesting only in September, or even October!

Breeders are constantly working on reducing the time of germination and accelerating the growth of potatoes. However, gardeners themselves also act in this regard as best they can.

How to speed up the germination of potatoes?

Planting in moist soil can reduce the germination time of heated potatoes by almost 10 days (!). You can additionally treat the planting tubers with growth stimulants.