You can decorate the walls different ways: wallpapering, painting, covering with ornaments, artistic painting, decorative plaster.
The most common decoration method and the least troublesome is wallpapering. Preparing walls for wallpapering includes several stages which should not be neglected.
What is it for?
So that the wallpaper does not peel off, does not become deformed during work, and the canvas was laid evenly on the wall, before wallpapering you need to level the walls.
Wall treatment provides protection from mold, fungal spores and bedbugs.
Many walls have a finely porous structure, which allows air to accumulate in the pores, which promotes unsticking of wallpaper seams. To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to ensure maximum adhesion between the wallpaper and the wall.
Wallpaper glued to unprepared walls won't last long and aesthetically unattractive.
What should the surface be?
If done correctly preparatory work before gluing wallpaper, you can observe necessary requirements to the wall under the wallpaper:
Features of wall processing depending on their material
Before achieving the desired wall surface for wallpapering, it is necessary to carry out a number of works that will help bring the surface to perfect condition. The specifics of preparing walls for wallpaper largely depend on what material the wall is made of.
Nuances when processing walls made of different materials:
- Drywall It has a smooth surface, but it is porous and not strong enough. Special attention When processing, you need to pay attention to leveling the surface, taking into account joints and screws.
- Concrete walls the most durable. Since their structure has minimal porosity, sometimes it is enough to apply only a primer for preparation.
- Brick walls They are not strong and even enough, so to process them it is necessary to go through several stages (leveling, puttying, priming).
- Chipboard walls have screws and joints. It is necessary to cover them up oil paint. Next, the surface is treated in the usual way.
- Treatment OSB walls under wallpaper is practically no different from preparation brick walls. Only the first stage is sealing the seams with the mixture and covering the wall with serpyanka.
Almost any coating can be prepared for gluing in such a way that it depends on the wall material the quality of the wallpaper will not depend.
Read also about how to glue ceiling plinth from polystyrene foam onto wallpaper with your own hands.
How to do everything with your own hands?
At first glance, preparing walls for wallpapering seems like a fairly easy task. However, there are nuances, which a lay person may not always know about.
Removing old coating
If the walls are covered with old wallpaper or paint, then before pasting the wall, it is necessary to remove the old decor.
Old wallpaper can be pasted in several layers, so before eliminating it, you must first spray the wall with water. Then use a spatula to remove the old layer.
Old paint is much more difficult to remove from walls. Exists three removal methods old paint coating:
- Mechanical. The paint is knocked off with tools (an axe, an electric drill, an angle grinder, a spatula, a chisel).
- Chemical. The procedure consists of repeatedly applying it to the wall. chemical composition and wait until the paint begins to bubble and peel off the wall.
- Thermal. This method involves removing the paint using a hair dryer.
Plaster
Plastering walls is done to level the surface and eliminating its gross defects. Modern gypsum plaster can be applied to the wall in a layer of up to 7 mm, which is very convenient for leveling.
Prepare the mixture and spatula for work. Fill in the depressions and cracks with putty, knock down protrusions and protrusions as much as possible, and smooth out the remaining unevenness with the compound.
If the wall is uneven (has a slope), then you can level it using beacons, a level and rules.
After complete drying walls, you can proceed to puttying the surface.
putty
Puttying - one of the required steps which must be done when preparing walls for wallpapering. A putty solution is produced with a consistency that is easy to apply to the surface.
Using a spatula in a circular motion, apply the mixture to the wall in several stages, while the layer should not exceed 4 mm. Hard to reach places(radiator, pipes) must be puttied with a rubber spatula.
Final layer of putty applied most carefully so that there are as few irregularities as possible.
Getting rid of mold, fungi, bedbugs
It is necessary to treat the walls against fungi, mold and bedbugs before wallpapering. without fail, even if there are no such defects on the wall.
Eat several preventive and effective recipes for treating walls against mold and similar formations:
- bleach - 200 g of bleach is dissolved in a liter of water and applied to the wall;
- the fungicide, like lime, can also be diluted with water and the resulting solution can be used;
- chlorine solution (white) effectively fights fungus and its spores;
- hydrogen peroxide solution copes well with mold spores and fungus;
- solution copper sulfate and water (100 g per 10 liters) also effectively attacks areas of mold and fungi and protects walls from bedbugs.
If mold has appeared through the plaster, then you need to clean this piece of plaster down to the base. Treat the wall with any of the solutions. After surface treatment, It is recommended to apply a primer with an antiseptic.
Important! When working with solutions, it is necessary to use protective equipment: gloves, respirators, goggles.
Primer
By priming the walls adhesive consumption is reduced, and priming has a number of properties that have a positive effect on the final stage of finishing.
Priming result:
- the quality of gluing the wallpaper to the wall improves;
- cracking of the putty does not occur;
- ensures moisture impermeability into the wall;
- the formation and development of fungus is prevented;
- The adhesion of the wallpaper and the wall is enhanced, thereby increasing the service life of the wallpaper.
To ensure that the priming process is carried out correctly you need to know some subtleties:
- the primer is applied only to completely dry putty;
- Wallpaper should only be glued onto a completely dry primer.
Since the porosity of the wall may not be uniform, in this case the primer must be applied unevenly to the wall. A more porous surface is needed process big amount mixtures.
When all stages of wall processing were completed correctly, then the final result of the work will meet expectations: smooth walls, perfectly laid wallpaper, no problems with mold or bedbugs.
In the following video, see what needs to be done before wallpapering the walls:
Mold can appear in absolutely any room, causing an unpleasant odor, allergies, various diseases, etc. That is why it is important to know the reasons for the formation of mold in apartments, as well as several of the most effective ways combating already formed and developed fungus.
Harm and types of mold
Often appears in our homes mold, which can be of several types:
None of the things we know can resist mold. finishing materials. But besides harm, she also toxic to human body , especially children's. Depending on the level of mold spread in the apartment, the symptoms may be different: first there is an impact on the respiratory system, and then on the entire body as a whole. Certificate negative influence fungus causes coughing, runny nose, lack of air, difficult-to-diagnose chronic diseases - all this is the reason for being in a damp room contaminated with mold.
Method No. 15. Hydrogen peroxide+vinegar+boric acid
All these components are able to cope with mold on top level, and all together they give an absolutely amazing effect. Water must be mixed with peroxide, vinegar and boric acid in a ratio of 4:2:2:1, and then spray or wipe the surface.
Method No. 16. Let's get rid of it for sure
Even if you have dealt with the mold that has formed in accordance with all the instructions, there is still no guarantee that it will not appear again. It is important not only to remove the fungus that has already appeared, but also to eliminate all possible reasons its reappearance. This is why you need:
- reliably insulate an apartment or house;
- repair or replace the heating system;
- for drying air;
- adjust the ventilation system;
- dry clothes not in the room, but on the balcony or purchase washing machine with drying function;
- use a hood when preparing food;
- ventilate all rooms well;
- eliminate leaks in the roof, taps, etc.;
- geraniums and violets are an excellent place for mold to grow, so their presence in the apartment should be limited;
- The most risky places from the point of view of the appearance of mold should be regularly wiped and sprayed with anti-fungal agents.
How to remove mold smell?
Often, after removing mold from an apartment and subsequent ventilation, the smell of rot still does not leave the room. You can fight it with products that absorb odors. So, you can pour baking soda on the place where the fungus used to be, and after a few hours remove it with a vacuum cleaner: soda perfectly absorbs odors, so after this procedure the smell will either disappear or become much weaker.
Can be used as an odor absorber charcoal: briquettes are simply placed around the room with unpleasant smell, and after a while there will be no trace of it left.
At the first signs of mold, you need to act immediately, since within 10-12 months it can reach
The article describes the principles of carrying out measures to eliminate mold and fungi before wallpapering. You can also get an answer to the question of how to do without repairs if a colony of pathogenic microorganisms has chosen a small area of the surface. In addition, it tells what measures to take to ensure that unpleasant tenants who pose a serious threat to health do not appear again.
How to permanently eliminate fungus and mold?
The presence of mold and fungi in a house or apartment is not only an aesthetically unpleasant picture, it is also a serious threat to the health of the people living in it. Preventing the appearance of pathogenic microorganisms is much easier than removing them. Therefore, before wallpapering, it is recommended to treat the walls with antimycotic agents, especially in damp and damp rooms.
Is it necessary to treat walls against fungus before renovation?
Regarding the need for treatment with fungicidal agents, most experts give a positive answer. The risk of infection is also high in rooms with unfavorable conditions for the life of microscopic aggressors. Dampness can form, for example, due to flooding by neighbors, leaking radiators, or careless watering of indoor plants.
Thousands of pathogenic microorganisms enter apartments and houses every day - on the soles of shoes, with gusts of wind from windows and vents, on pets, so the risk of mycelium development is high. In the case when the vital processes of fungi occur under the wallpaper, for a long time the problem goes unnoticed and, when discovered, requires serious efforts to correct.
Mushrooms are one of the most unpretentious living creatures on the planet. For successful development, they only need warmth and humidity, and any materials, including plaster, are suitable for their habitat.
How to treat walls from fungus and mold before wallpapering
The essence of treating walls before wallpapering is to cover them with special compounds that have antiseptic and antifungal properties and takes place in several stages.
- Surface preparation and removal of contaminated materials.
- Application of the composition.
- Drying the walls.
How to apply medications correctly
Antimycotic mixtures are applied to the wall paint brushes, sponge or roller. The entire surface is treated; corners and baseboards must be treated especially carefully, since these are where spores may accumulate.
How many times should the treatment be carried out?
For a more pronounced result, the treatment is carried out two or three times; re-application of the drug is possible after complete drying from the previous one.
How long does it take for the surface to dry completely?
The time for complete drying depends on the type of preparation, wall material, as well as weather conditions. It takes one to four days for the surface to dry completely. It is necessary to completely eliminate residual dampness, therefore perfect option- drying the walls. It is also advisable to carry out antifungal treatment of the premises in summer or early autumn, during dry weather.
When can you glue?
New wallpaper can be glued after the above measures have been completed, provided that the walls are dry.
Treating a wall infected with fungi: list of popular drugs
Mold and fungi are a common occurrence in houses and apartments, so humanity has come up with many ways to deal with uninvited “tenants”. However, some of the popular products differ in availability and composition:
- Apple vinegar.
- Bleach solution or Domestos.
- Disinfectant solution “Belizna”.
- Copper sulfate solution.
- Hydrogen peroxide.
Special antiseptics are also used, which can be purchased at construction stores. They are much easier to use. Also produced ready-made mixtures for priming surfaces containing antifungal components.
How to destroy mold under wallpaper?
If a mold outbreak is detected, “local” measures are taken without re-sticking the entire room. The principle of operation is the same as when treating an entire room. The wallpaper is carefully peeled off, the area is cleaned of fungus, and treated fungicidal preparations. After this, the wallpaper is glued back.
Before carrying out work, it is necessary to take measures against the spread of spores - remove furniture, carpets, toys, pots with plants. Residues of plaster from the treated area must be carefully disposed of. It is also necessary to use personal protective measures.
The problem of mold and fungi can only be solved by completely eliminating conditions favorable to them: heat and dampness. If people living in an apartment also need heat, then dampness must be dealt with radically. To the number necessary measures applies:
- external wall insulation;
- working ventilation;
- frequent ventilation.
The main condition for success in the fight against mold and mildew is patience and consistency. There's no point in saving time. High-quality treatment of the premises is a guarantee that you will not have to waste effort, time and money again.
Useful video
Fungus and mold can form in absolutely every apartment or house, which negatively affect human health. It is very important to know how to treat a wall against mold and mildew in order to give a more aesthetic appearance to the room and prevent the development of diseases.
Main types of fungi
Before deciding how to treat a wall against mold and mildew, you need to know what types of fungi there are. There are quite a few types of them. The most common among them are:
- moldy;
- blue fungi;
- decay fungi.
If the surface of the walls is heavily damaged by mold, the room is completely disinfected by using a sprayed disinfectant. This product penetrates into microcracks, completely eliminating fungi and mold even under wallpaper.
Folk remedies for eliminating mold and fungi
Many people are interested in how to treat a wall against mold and mildew with folk remedies, since many of the chemicals used can be very dangerous to human health. Among the most popular folk remedies you need to highlight the following:
- bleaching powder;
- hydrogen peroxide;
- copper sulfate solution.
A bleach solution is considered a good solution. To do this, you need to dilute 200 g of lime in 1 liter of water. In addition, it is advisable to additionally use fungicides included in adhesive compositions.
If the mold has spread to the plaster layer, then hydrogen peroxide must be used for treatment. Also good remedy Copper sulfate is considered to be used to eliminate mold and fungi. To prepare the liquid, you need to dissolve 100 g of vitriol in 10 liters of water. The solution must be applied to the surface of the walls using a brush or spray.
How to get rid of mold and mildew forever?
Having found out the reason for the formation of mold in the apartment, you can choose an antimicrobial agent. Before treating walls against fungus, you need to carefully check the adhesion of the plaster to the base. A dull sound may indicate that there is a cavity under the plaster, which leads to the spread of mold. All plaster must be removed from this area and the putty must be reapplied.
Then you need to apply an antiseptic composition to the treated surface using a sprayer, brush, or roller. The product is evenly distributed throughout the infected area.
Prevention of fungi and mold formation
Most often, fungus forms in rooms with poor ventilation. In the bathroom, a favorite place for mold and mildew is in the seams between the tiles. You need to fight fungus on the walls in the bathroom by stabilizing humidity and temperature, which does not require tightly closing the door. If ventilation is not good enough, you need to install an additional fan.
The cause of mold formation can be cold and drafts. In this case, it is worth carrying out external insulation. To remove fungus and mold, you need to perform antiseptic treatment and subsequent waterproofing.
To select an effective and effective way combating mold fungi, it is necessary to find out the main reason for their appearance. And they arise due to the following factors:
- humid indoor air;
- insufficiently efficient ventilation system;
- wooden windows were replaced with plastic ones;
- recent renovations made in violation of basic rules and technologies;
- There is very little space between the walls of the room and the furniture, which does not allow air to circulate freely between them.
Mold on the walls
If the fungus has already become quite noticeable under the wallpaper, repairs cannot be postponed, since their effect on the body has very serious consequences. The health threat is a very serious reason for mandatory procedures for treating wall surfaces before you start gluing wallpaper on them. Mold spores can spread through the air and enter the body through the respiratory system or other routes. Because of this, the following ailments can develop:
- migraine;
- cough;
- severe intoxication of the body;
- allergy;
- fatigue;
- Chronic diseases are getting worse.
Old wallpaper on the wall affected by mold cannot be simply cleaned or washed, so replacing the wallpaper is inevitable. No matter how beautiful the old wallpaper may be, it is necessary to get rid of it, as mold permeates it and makes it unsuitable for further use. But new wallpaper alone is not able to prevent the appearance of mold stains, which will appear even after renovation. This happens because moldy fungi are not only on the surface of the wall, but also eat into its thickness. Therefore, to thoroughly remove mold, you will have to be well prepared.
Mold on the wall in the apartment
In order to have everything you need at hand, you need to prepare gloves, a respirator, sandpaper, spatulas various sizes, disinfection solution and mold removal liquid. The first step is to remove the old wallpaper from the surface of the walls, after which you can see and assess the extent of mold damage. Areas with mold can be cleaned with a spatula; areas with a loose structure are treated especially carefully. If the plaster has turned black, this layer must be removed completely until light color, not saturated with mold.
Treating walls against mold
After that sandpaper affected areas that cannot be cleaned with a spatula are cleaned. Then the surface of the walls can be treated with a special anti-mold solution, and for a good effect it is necessary to repeat this treatment up to five times in order to finally get rid of the ingrained mold. Between treatments, you need to leave the walls for 5-6 hours so that the solution can reach the remaining mold well. Next, an antiseptic treatment is carried out, which also serves as a primer. Then you can begin applying putty and gluing new wallpaper to the finished wall surfaces.
What is suitable for wall treatment
How can you treat walls against fungus and mold before wallpapering?
You can make a solution, for which you need to dissolve bleach at the rate of 200 g per liter of water. In addition, you can use a fungicide solution, which is often found in special adhesives intended for wallpaper when gluing in rooms with high humidity.
If mold has spread to the plaster layer, hydrogen peroxide is a good way to combat it, as it helps prevent further spread of mold spores. When working with this liquid, protect your hands and open areas skin from contact with peroxide. After thoroughly treating the walls, they can be coated with a primer that contains an antiseptic. It will not only eliminate existing mold fungi that may have remained after cleaning, but will also prevent new outbreaks from occurring.
Also in a good way is to use a solution of copper sulfate. It copes well with mold and eliminates all pockets of fungus. To prepare the liquid, you need to dissolve 100 g of copper sulfate in 10 liters of water. You can apply the solution to the surface of the walls using a brush or spray. After good treatment, the liquid is able to penetrate deeply into the walls and completely remove mold residues. It is important to know that the use of copper sulfate leaves marks on the wall, so it can be used in cases where the wallpaper is to be replaced or the walls are repainted.
Copper sulfate solution
What is the microwave method
This method is the newest and modern method eliminating mold in the house. It consists in the impact of microwave radiation on the fungus, which leads to the complete death of both the mold itself and its spores. The use of microwave waves makes it possible to achieve almost 100% efficiency in the fight against fungus. This is due to the properties of short waves to reach even the most remote areas that cannot be processed manually. Of all types of mold, microwave can successfully neutralize surface-type fungi, house and wood fungi, multi-colored mold and different kinds rotten.
Comparing everything available methods and methods, the advantages of processing walls using microwaves include the following:
- safety;
- efficiency;
- high speed;
- possibility of processing any surfaces;
- the waves reach significant depths of the walls.
However, the disadvantage is the specialized equipment, which forces you to turn to professional agencies for help. To purchase a device and carry out all the procedures yourself, you need a fairly substantial amount of money. However, this treatment will permanently eliminate mold from the house.
