Projects combined houses so named because of the peculiarity of their construction. To build such a house, several types of building materials are used.
It could be brick, stone, wood, block and so on. As a rule, the division by materials occurs on a floor-by-floor basis, but there are exceptions.
Such house designs undoubtedly have their advantages. For example, using stone as a material for the first floor makes the house stronger and more durable.
The same can be said about the construction of a deep, reinforced foundation. It is necessary because increased weight structure and the resulting pressure.
In most cases, the planning and construction of a combined house follows the same principle.
The lower floor is built from heavier and more durable material. It gives the impression of reliability and durability. As the material for the first floor, you can choose concrete plates, brick or stone.
The second floor does not have to be so heavy. Here it is mainly used more lightweight material, for example, wood, aerated concrete, or frame construction.
This trick allows you to immediately achieve several improvements in construction quality:
- The second floor of the house will be much lighter, so there is no need for additional strengthening of the foundation.
- You can save on thermal insulation materials, since aerated concrete, for example, has good heat-insulating properties.
- The design advantages of the combination of several materials in construction are not limited. This combination looks very attractive.
Stylish appearance and variety of use cases various technologies construction make such houses popular among users.
The combined type will help you save on construction and end up with a complete home, comfortable and modern.
Combined houses are usually built on two floors. This condition allows you to stabilize the load on the foundation and make the home itself comfortable to live in. More floors will require more foundation reinforcement.
There is one more feature here. The heavier first floor, as a rule, serves common rooms. There is a living room, kitchen and dining room, as well as a toilet and guest rooms.
And the second floor is reserved for living rooms, which are completely isolated from each other, and a bathroom. See for yourself how simple and convenient it can be combined house.
Project of a two-story combined house
The house project presented below is designed for living big family. The total area of the house is one hundred and ninety-three square meters.
The size of the building is nine by twelve meters. Such dimensions make it possible to build a house according to this project on a site even small sizes. However, when planning, take into account the need to erect other buildings: a garage, a bathhouse and others.
To equip the foundation, it is necessary to use monolithic reinforced concrete piles. Here you must take into account the total load in order to achieve maximum stability and reliability of the building.
The optimal material to choose for the construction of the first floor is ceramic block. This modern material allows you to make the foundation of the house strong, while the walls themselves will be durable and aesthetically attractive.
The second floor can be built from laminated veneer lumber. It's not as heavy as wooden frame, and its thermal insulation properties have long been proven.
Such a construction will be much lighter than, which will reduce the load on the foundation.
By tradition, all common rooms in such a house are located on the ground floor. Here you will find a spacious living room, which is combined in the project with a kitchen and dining room.
In addition, the layout of the first floor requires a separate office for work.
On the second floor you will find three isolated bedrooms. Entrance to the rooms is through a common hall.
Both the first and second floors require space for relaxation. On the first floor there is a spacious veranda, on the second there are two full balconies.
Utility rooms can be conveniently located on the ground floor. There is space allocated here for a utility room and boiler room. There is also a spacious wardrobe.
Such a house is easy to use and there will be enough space for each family member.
As for the appearance of the new house, it meets all aesthetic requirements. Such a house will look European, modern and stylish.
This combined house project does not include the addition of a garage or other outbuildings. It is better to locate this kind of buildings at some distance from the home.
This will allow you to do landscape design organic and attractive and not spoil the appearance of the house with unnecessary structures nearby.
What could be better than natural building material? This question can be considered rhetorical. When thinking about natural things, wood immediately comes to mind. It has unique qualities that cannot be replicated in the laboratory. But don’t forget about natural stone. Its strength and resistance to various influences is amazing. A natural stone is great solution for building the foundation. Why not combine them in one building? How this can be done will be discussed in the article.
What is the advantage
The model of combined houses, where the main materials are wood and stone, is not new. Initially, this solution was used in the Alpine mountains. And this is fair, because all the building material was at hand. Stones were used to build the foundation. The first floor could also be made of it, which was used as a storage room for various utensils. Due to heavy snowfalls, the first floor was often covered with snow, but thanks to the stone there was no detrimental effect on the structure. On the second floor of the house there were rooms for the inhabitants. Wood retained heat perfectly, so even strong winds were not a problem. Based on this information, it is easy to select positive points in relation to combined buildings:
- high strength;
- durability;
- good thermal insulation;
- resistance to various weather conditions;
- availability of material.
When choosing a combined option, it is also important to know about the disadvantages of this structure:
- high cost of the project;
- certain complexity of construction;
- the need for high-quality insulation;
- the need to insulate the basement.
It is worth saying that in modern construction instead of natural stone combined options may be applied different kinds blocks, and natural stone serves as cladding for them. The cost is as follows combined design significantly higher when compared with frame house, but in terms of strength it surpasses this one. The construction of a combined building requires a special and attentive approach to detail; only in this case will it turn out the best way combine wood and stone. It should not only be practical, but also attractive. building block needs insulation. If this is not done, then significant heat loss will occur through it. The wood must be separated from the building blocks by waterproofing. In its absence, the support beams may rot, which will lead to destruction.
How not to build
The wrong way to combine different building materials can significantly reduce their service life. For example, in some cases the developer proposes to perform partial or complete cladding brick building using wooden lining. From an aesthetic point of view, this interesting solution, but from a practical point of view, you will have to take into account many points and treat the wood in a special way so that it is not subject to putrefactive processes. There were cases when between brickwork and the timber cladding did not provide sufficient clearance. Due to the different expansion coefficient, cracks and deformations appeared in the wood.
Cladding a wooden structure is also not always a good idea. If the building is assembled from rounded timber, then there is no need for such cladding. In a relationship frame houses It's important to be careful. Partial cladding is allowed, as it can add zest to the project, but it is simply impossible to complete a full cladding with stone. It has a significant weight, which the walls and foundation are not designed to support.
Historical background
The best way to construct a combined building will be to understand what they were like originally. Special attention was given to the roof. In a combined house, it was necessarily pitched and gently sloping. The angle of inclination was small to reduce windage and reduce wind load. The rafter system was massive, and additional stones were laid on top of the flooring to hold it in place. IN original houses, which are called chalets, the roofs had a large overhang of the roof. In some cases it reached three meters. This was done to achieve two goals:
- protect the wooden part of the house;
- collect more snow.
The large overhang of the combined house perfectly protected its wooden part from the effects of precipitation. With constant contact with moisture and water, wood loses its shape and may dry out. In addition, in rainy weather it was possible to do certain things under such slopes. In summer, a wide overhang protected residents from the scorching sun. A large overhang also increases the area of the roof itself. The larger it is, the more snow can be retained on it. Snow serves as a natural insulator, which reduces heat loss through the roof. Attic floor V combined chalets has always been residential.
Note! This approach can also be used in modern construction of combined houses where climatic conditions allow it. Under a wide overhang, for example, you can organize a terrace.
Roofing in classic version combined house performed wood shingles. It was made from aspen, cedar, larch or oak wood. The elements were fixed to rafter system wooden nails. Such flooring for a combined house could easily be made independently. The advantage was the ease of repair, as well as excellent sound insulation. From modern materials a soft one would be an excellent replacement bitumen shingles. It can be matched with general structure, which will allow not to disturb the harmony.
One of the notable features of the house, which is made by combining materials, is a wide balcony. It was covered with a canopy at the top and was a continuation of the second floor. It was supported by wooden piles. A similar approach can be applied in modern combined houses. Good decision There will also be the use of French windows, which will blur the line between the room and nature.
Finished projects
An interesting completed project for a combined house made of stone and wood can be seen in the photo above. The basis of a combined house is natural stone, and not modern block. This approach made it possible to perfectly fit the house into the landscape. A natural hill was chosen as the site for the construction of the combined house, so a garage was built below, the entrance to which was also paved with natural stone. Stone is also present in a fragmented finish, which made it possible to erase the boundary between stone and wood. The roof is tiled, and the overhangs are made with sufficient projection.
The photo above shows another one interesting project cottage combined house. This option for a combined structure will look great outside the city. The lower part of the building is fragmentarily trimmed with stone, and the upper part is assembled from timber. There is a large terrace in front of the entrance, and on the second floor there is a balcony, which is protected from precipitation by roof overhangs. The basis of the combined building is strip foundation, and the terrace is set to columnar. This allows you to reduce costs and not lose strength.
Above is another option for a combined house. Its peculiarity is that it already looks like a chalet, but like a Russian hut. The wooden part of the combined house is made of rounded timber. This achieved excellent thermal insulation in the combined building. For the windows of the combined house, frames from plastic profile, which have lamination. The foundation of the house is recessed and the outside is finished with stone. Soft tiles harmonize perfectly with the materials.
The combined building, which can be seen in the photo above, is presented in a modern minimalist design. Its upper part is built frame method, which made it possible to reduce the load on the first floor.
This project is an example of combinations in façade decoration. The combined building is built from wooden beam. The roof slopes have a small angle of inclination and wide overhangs. The corner of the house and the base are finished with natural stone. There is not much of it, so it does not put much pressure on the walls. On the first and second floors of the combined building there are French windows that occupy the entire height of the wall.
This combination house project is a great example of how two different building materials can be beautifully combined. As you can see, the combined house was built according to frame technology. Its first floor is decorated with natural stone. The support pillars on which part of the combined building rests are also covered with natural stone. On top there is a large terrace where you can sunbathe.
In this project, everything is thought out to the smallest detail and perfectly combined. Under the upper terrace of the combined house there is a recreation area, which is perfectly protected from precipitation. The area near the first floor of the combined house is filled with concrete and does not protrude above ground level, which makes it possible to eliminate sharp transitions. Natural stone is not only present on the lower level, but is also visible on the chimney and part of the second floor. The roof finish is very similar to that used in the classic version of the chalet. A video about the combined house project is below.
Summary
As seen, combined houses fit perfectly into nature. They can be built on the edge of a forest or near a pond. With the correct design and approach to the construction of a combined building, it provides comfort and warmth even in severe frosts. The microclimate inside the combined structure is balanced. This is due to the fact that natural materials are vapor permeable, which does not interfere with partial air exchange. But this does not exclude the need to equip the structure with a good ventilation system.
Among the completed housing construction work: different types a significant place is occupied by combined houses, projects using a combination of building materials with different characteristics, for example, a house made of stone and wood. Why are such structures so popular?
Advantages of combined type projects
The correct combination of various building materials used in the construction of building structures allows you to optimally combine the advantages of each of them, minimizing their disadvantages.
For example, a stone is immune to any external influences, including fire. But it is too heavy and large, and a structure built entirely from stone will not support any foundation and in some cases it will require reinforcement. But using wood to construct the top of a building will not only reduce it specific gravity, but will also provide a magnificent appearance. In addition, wood will significantly reduce the cost of construction.
Thus, the design and construction of turnkey combined houses is one of the priorities of the Krovmarket company.
Projects of combined houses in the Chalet style
Among the house-building projects that combine various building materials, there are the following:
The architects of the Krovmarket company have developed various design solutions, including housing that combines brick and wood or stone and wood, that is, you can look at ready-made projects of combined houses. By using any of the proposals, you can reduce the cost of building combined houses without losing the quality and aesthetic properties of the structure.
If a potential homeowner has his own idea of what a future home should look like, Krovmarket architects will create individual project combined house. Any construction solutions, developed by highly qualified specialists, and using combinations of different building materials, be it small cozy houses or huge mansions, they are distinguished by functionality and special charm.
If, while studying the project catalog, you have questions, our specialists will be happy to answer them and give all the necessary advice on construction and making possible changes to standard projects.
Construction of combined houses
The construction and design of combined houses is one of the company's priorities. Working with us, you will get the maximum useful information, tips and recommendations that will help you understand many things and make the right decision for yourself.
Availability of our own production base;
We work without intermediaries! Own production site in the north of the Kirov region (logging, production of lumber and wooden house kits from logs and timber) - a guarantee of fair prices and prompt solutions to all production issues;
Specialized design bureau
At the customer’s request, we will make any redevelopments and changes to the basic projects or develop an individual one. Our project will take into account all the wishes for the construction of an individual combined house, using modern and efficient building and finishing materials. Drawings and realistic pictures will be created that will allow you to see your future cottage as it will turn out after construction is completed;
Big choice finished projects
The projects of combined houses are developed taking into account the requirements and norms of the current legislation of the Russian Federation on low-rise construction and guarantee the absence of problems when obtaining a construction permit and commissioning. All processes and material consumption have been optimized, which will allow you not to overpay, and builders to complete all stages efficiently and in a short time construction work;
Full set Houses
We offer various configurations of combined houses. Construction can be divided into stages for the convenience of planning financial costs and the possibility of building a turnkey cottage by one organization. As a result, you will receive a house completely ready to move in;
Construction in many regions of the country
We carry out the construction of combined houses throughout almost the entire territory of the central (European) part of Russia: Moscow, Leningrad, Tver, Ryazan, Vladimir, Novgorod, Pskov, Nizhny Novgorod, Smolensk and other regions;
Transaction security
We guarantee the security of the transaction: The customer pays payments under the contract, step by step, for the delivery of building materials and the completion of the next stage of work, monitoring each stage of construction;
Moderate construction prices
We do not build the cheapest combined houses in Russia, we build them honestly! Transparent estimate: The customer always sees what the price for the cottage is formed from, which is indicated in several options to be able to choose the optimal economic solution;
No hidden fees
We fix the price and cost of construction in the contract, and it remains unchanged, even if the contract was concluded several months before the start of work. All unexpected expenses are at our expense!
Experienced builders
Only experienced and permanent construction teams. Each stage of work is carried out by highly specialized teams. Technical and design (author's) supervision of each stage of construction;
Great experience work
Combined houses have a number of fundamental differences from entirely wooden or stone buildings. We know everything possible problems at all stages: design, construction, finishing, commissioning, and we do not allow their occurrence. We have already built a large number of combined houses and we are always ready to show you our existing facilities or cottages that we have already built.
In private housing construction and other low-rise construction, a number of materials are used, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages. The technology of combining them, in particular, by building combined houses from foam block and wood, makes it possible to extract maximum benefit from the use of these two most popular building materials. Combining the excellent characteristics of foam concrete blocks with the warmth and lightness of natural timber, you can build a beautiful, comfortable house quite quickly and relatively inexpensively.
Most often, combined houses of this type are two- or three-story buildings, the lower part of which is made of foam blocks, and the upper part is assembled according to the principle of a log house. The main advantages of this technology are:
- reduction of financial and time costs for construction;
- security maximum efficiency during operation.
For houses made of foam block and wooden buildings has a lot of its own advantages.
Each of them is considered better than the other certain parameters, and the combination of these characteristics allows us to obtain best option buildings:
- the combination of the strength of foam concrete with the environmental friendliness of the timber creates in the house an ideal atmosphere for living with good air exchange and a favorable climate;
- the low weight of both building materials makes the building lighter, so it does not require a powerful, solid foundation;
- laying with foam concrete blocks is carried out quickly, the material is easy to process, does not shrink, which significantly reduces the time of construction work;
- both materials have high thermal insulation characteristics, so the house will be comfortable in any weather;
- the combination of blocks with timber does not impose any design restrictions - such houses are distinguished by a wide variety of designs;
- block masonry and wooden wall They have a smooth surface, which allows the use of any decorative coatings.
Among the disadvantages of houses of this type, only one stands out - different terms exploitation of block and wood. Therefore, over time, the first floor will remain unchanged, but the upper floor may become unusable.
To avoid such problems, you should use only well-treated dry wood for construction, equip a competent drainage system, ensure high-quality sealing of cross sections and timely proper care of this part of the building.
You should also pay close attention to the processing of wood if they are intended to be faced with blocks. This option is also considered combined. Before covering wooden houses with foam blocks, it is necessary to create conditions under which the wooden wall will not get wet, and if it gets wet, it will dry quickly.
Features of combined houses
Despite the great versatility of such buildings, there are some rules that must be followed during their design, layout, construction, and exterior decoration. Compliance with these recommendations will allow you to most effectively implement the idea of combining building materials.
Construction principles
The main principle is that the lower level is laid out from foam blocks, and the wood should be on top. Such a house will have the necessary strength and the most comfortable living conditions.
It is also important to ensure a reliable connection between the walls made of different materials. In rather fragile foam concrete, steel anchors cannot be securely fastened to secure wooden supports. Therefore, it will be necessary to pour a monolithic reinforced concrete belt around the entire perimeter of the building. It will ensure reliable fastening of the bolts and increase the rigidity of the entire structure.
Planning and design
Typical designs of “foam concrete-wood” houses assume the location of common and utility rooms (living room, kitchen, workshop, garage, boiler room) on the ground floor. On the top floor there are usually bedrooms, children's rooms, offices, playrooms and other living rooms.
It is this layout that makes the use of the combination idea most profitable:
- foam block - a durable fireproof material that will become a reliable support for the entire building, provide heat retention, and excellent sound insulation;
- wood will create an ideal climate, a comfortable atmosphere.
There are several other options for building block-wooden houses. For example, the lower floor may be recessed to a semi-basement or basement level.
You can also build a three-level building, but at the same time ground floor should be made of monolithic reinforced concrete, the first - from foam block, the second - wood.
Exterior finishing
Combinations of different materials can be used not only in the construction of walls, but also in their finishing. Any decor is suitable for a combined house: foam block masonry can be covered with blockhouse or siding, covered with tiles, and finished with decorative plaster.
It is customary to leave a wooden structure in its original form, covering only protective equipment. But if the tree has an unattractive appearance, then it can also be covered with the same finishing materials. In some cases external finishing used to hide the combination of materials.
Economic benefit
In order to finally decide which houses are better to build - wooden, foam block or combined, it is necessary to understand not only their performance characteristics, but also economic feasibility using two materials at the same time.
Because the foam concrete blocks have a low cost, the amount of savings will depend on the choice of timber:
- ordinary lumber with natural moisture costs half as much as foam blocks, but requires additional processing;
- profiled dry timber has a higher price, but is easy to install, practically does not shrink, which will significantly reduce the time of construction work;
- Glued laminated timber is the most expensive lumber; it does not require additional processing, and its characteristics are best suited to foam blocks.
In any case, using timber together with foam blocks will allow you to build a strong, comfortable beautiful house at no additional cost. Such a structure can externally look the way the owner wants (if it is decorated or covered with appropriate material), and will serve it for a long time, reliably, without creating problems.
In contact with
Ideas combined construction have existed for a very long time: centuries ago, chalet houses were built in Switzerland: wood was combined with processed natural stone, fastened together with a solution. This made it possible to combine positive sides two traditional materials and minimize their disadvantages. Modern technologies have significantly expanded the capabilities of builders, and today a combined “brick-log” house can become a very profitable solution.
What are the advantages of combined buildings
Any future home owner will one day be faced with the question: log or brick house build, which will be cheaper and more profitable? Wood has many disadvantages that are difficult to deny: it burns, quickly collapses when high humidity, it will be gradually destroyed by rodents and insects. At the same time, it is also the most environmentally friendly material, and live in wooden house always comfortable.
Brick is very expensive, and two-story cottage Not everyone can build one out of brick. In addition, it requires additional finishing and cladding; a complete interior renovation with labor-intensive rough work. Houses made of bricks and logs allow you to compensate for all the shortcomings and combine the advantages:
- The lower part of the building made of brick makes it much more secure: on the ground floor there is a boiler room, a kitchen, a fireplace room and other rooms that may pose an increased fire threat. Unlike wooden house, a brick building is much less afraid of fire, so the risk will be lower and safety requirements will be less stringent.
- A house “bottom is brick, top is log” will be more economically profitable: wood costs significantly less, so you can save significantly on the construction of the second floor. In addition, interior and exterior decoration is not necessary for it, since wooden log walls already look beautiful. Top floor less demanding on insulation, the log holds heat well.
- On the top wooden floor You can place bedrooms and other living rooms. They will always be beautiful, and many people like the pleasant atmosphere with the smell of wood. At the same time, the layout can be very different; log walls can be supplemented with timber or other partitions.
- The combination of materials will give the structure interesting view, such designs open up wide scope for design. For example, on the ground floor you can make panoramic big windows, brick goes well with the most different types finishing materials.
Design features of a combined house
Houses made of brick and logs have a number of special features: it is necessary to correctly combine materials so that the house becomes a single whole, and not a set of disparate elements. A brick building requires a strong foundation; the thickness of the walls depends on the use of the house and the climatic conditions of the region. The lower floor is most often insulated and finished using ventilated facade technology: the multilayer structure does not violate the environmental friendliness of the house, while it will allow for good heat conservation.
At the junction of brick and logs, the walls must be laid with a waterproofing layer; usually for this, roofing material is used, which is laid in several layers. To combine the structure into one whole, reinforcing pins are used: they are laid in the masonry, and then the wood material walls of the second floor. This design ensures the strength of the structure; the building will not begin to crumble, even if it is seriously impacted by the forces of nature.
A few more requirements for the construction of a combined building:
There are a huge number of combined building projects online, although today no more than 10% of the total number of buildings are being built. Can be picked up finished project online, or you can order author’s development taking into account individual requirements to a country house.
