We will not prove to you that twisting wires is good way connections. Yes, it can be done well and insulated. It is also perfect as a temporary option. But according to the rules of electrical installations (PUE) in order to connect a wire or cable, ordinary twists are not recommended. Nevertheless, we will talk about it, and in very detail. Firstly, because, contrary to the PUE, most connections are made using this ancient “old-fashioned” method. Secondly, because correct twisting is the main stage of the most reliable ways wire connections - welding and soldering.
Why do you need a good twist?
Imagine that the two wires being connected are twisted together just how. Those who are familiar with electrical engineering know that transition resistance occurs at the point of contact of two conductors. Its value depends on two factors:
- surface area at the point of contact;
- the presence of an oxide film on the conductors.
To perform twisting, the core is exposed, the metal interacts with oxygen in the air, as a result of which the surface of the conductor is covered with an oxide film, which has a decent resistivity value.
An example of poorly executed twisting: the twisting area heats up and the insulation melts
Accordingly, if the twisting is performed poorly, the contact resistance increases, which in turn, when passing electric current through the junction will cause heating. As a result, the twisted area may become so hot that the electrical wiring may catch fire. Surely everyone has heard the phrase in their life that a fire occurred due to a fault in the electrical network.
To prevent this from happening, the contact connection of the wires must be as strong, reliable and safe as possible. That is, the twisting must be performed so well that the contact resistance is stable and does not change over time.
Preparing wires for twisting
Remember! Never twist under voltage, even if you have a tool with insulated handles and dielectric gloves. First, turn off the power workplace by turning off the input machine for the apartment or house.
To obtain good twist, you must follow the following steps exactly:
- Strip the connected conductors from insulation, while avoiding damage metal surfaces conductors.
- Soak a clean cloth in white spirit or acetone and wipe the exposed areas of the wires to remove any dirt.
- Now with the help sandpaper strip the wires to a metallic shine.
Stranded wires
Stranding of stranded electrical wires can be done in different ways.
Parallel twist
The simplest method is parallel twisting, when both stripped wires are placed crosswise on top of each other at the place where the insulation was stripped and twisted at the same time. Such a connection provides reliable contact, but it will poorly tolerate the applied tensile force and vibration.
This method is best used for copper wires, when one of them is monolithic and the other is stranded. A monolithic wire needs to be stripped of insulation a little more than a stranded wire. After twisting, an additional bend is made from the remaining copper monolithic tail in the direction of twisting, due to this the connection is more reliable. This method is also suitable for twisting aluminum conductors with different cross-sections.
Another advantage of parallel twisting is that it can be used to connect more than two wires at the same time.
Serial twisting
With the sequential method, each connected wire is wound onto another. The reliability and contact of such a connection will be optimal, but this twist can only be used for two wires, no more.
Place the stripped wires crosswise on top of each other approximately in the middle of the exposed area and begin to twist. One wire goes around another wire, and wrap the second wire around the first in the same way.
Bandage twist
Stranded wires can be connected together using the bandage twist method. In this case, the connected conductors are stripped to the same length and applied parallel to each other. In this position, they are fixed with a third wire, which is tightly wound onto the bare surface of the connected conductors.
Please note that using such twisting you can connect hard stranded wires, but you must use a soft (flexible) wire as a fixing wire. The more tightly you wind the fixing wire, the more reliable the contact connection will be.
More than two conductors can be connected using bandage twisting.
Solid wires
All of the methods discussed above for twisting multi-core wires can also be used for single-core wires. But best of all in this case use a parallel connection.
Remember the most important thing: before connecting single-core wires, the insulating layer on them should be stripped only along the conductor at an angle. This is especially true for aluminum conductors. If you run a knife at a 90 degree angle around the conductor, the insulation will, of course, be removed. But in further work, with the slightest movements at the place of the cut, the conductor will eventually bend and, ultimately, the core will break.
Strip the insulating layer by 3-4 cm on the wires to be connected. Place the wires on top of each other at an angle of 45 degrees, but not in the area of the bare wires, but 1.5-2 cm above the place where the insulation was cut. Hold this place firmly with your left hand, and with your right hand begin to twist both wires. First, they will be twisted together with the insulating layer, then the connection of purely bare conductors will begin.
No matter how strong your hands are, be sure to finish twisting with pliers at the end, especially when it comes to aluminum wires.
Another important advice! After you make the twist, do not rush to insulate it. Let the electrical circuit work for several hours, then turn off the input circuit breaker for the apartment and check the temperature at the place where it is twisted. If the node is hot, it means that the contact connection is unreliable and it is better to redo it. If no heating is detected, then the twisting is done well and can insulate it.
If you need to perform a large number of twists, you can use a screwdriver with a homemade device, as shown in the video below:
Methods for insulating twists
Twisting the wires is half the battle; it is very important to properly insulate this place. There are three ways to insulate a completed electrical assembly: using insulating tape, heat-shrinkable tubing, and PPE caps. Let's look at each of them in more detail.
Insulating tape
Insulating tape is a special material whose main purpose is to insulate the joint electrical cables and wires. Whatever appears modern technologies, you can hardly meet an electrician who doesn’t have a roll of electrical tape in his pocket. This is the most common and inexpensive insulating material.
There are many varieties of it. Tapes are made from mica and fiberglass, polyester and epoxy films, acetate fabric and paper. To insulate twists in a household electrical network, we recommend using PVC tape(it is based on polyvinyl chloride). To make it, take a polyvinyl chloride film and apply glue on top. The quality of the insulating tape itself, and, accordingly, the reliability of the insulated joint depends on the quality of these two components.
The best insulating tape is considered to be the one made using rubber-based glue and PVC film class A. This material is distinguished by such positive qualities, How:
- High adhesion (adhesion of dissimilar surfaces).
- Increased elasticity (excellent stretch and adhesiveness).
So be sure to keep this in mind when purchasing duct tape.
The insulating tape should be wrapped around the twisted section in at least two layers. Start winding 2-3 cm above the bare twist, the tape should be placed on top of the wire insulation. This will allow you to achieve maximum tightness and insulating reliability, and will protect the contact connection from moisture. Next, wind it a little at an angle, moving towards the end of the twist. Having reached the end, bend the electrical tape around the tip of the twist and continue winding now in reverse side. Having reached the place where you started winding, cut the insulating tape with a knife. For efficiency, you can repeat the same thing again and make four layers of insulation.
Thermal tube
Heat-shrinkable tube (abbreviated as HERE) is made of thermopolymer materials that have the property of being exposed to hot air, water or elevated temperature change your geometric shape and dimensions (shrink or expand).
The main advantage of thermal tubes is that they can be attached to objects with complex profile, which is exactly what twisting wires does. Heat-shrinkable tubing provides excellent electrical insulation and protects against mechanical damage. The tubes are released different diameters. The material from which they are made does not support combustion and is non-toxic.
Industrial hair dryers are used to apply heat to the tubes. This tool is not cheap and it is not economically profitable to buy it just to insulate the spliced wires. Therefore, at home, they often use an ordinary hairdryer or lighter.
It is important to remember that with this insulation method, the heat-shrinkable tube must be placed on one wire to be connected in advance (before twisting).
Cut the tube with a margin; when it is put on the bare area, it should extend onto the insulating layer of the conductor by at least 1 cm.
When the twisted connection of the electrical wires is completed, pull the tube over this place. Direct the heat jet of a hairdryer or the flame of a lighter at it; under the influence of hot air, the tube will instantly decrease in size and tightly seal the insulated area. Reliable, fast and inexpensive way.
Keep in mind that the connected wires, which are insulated with a heat pipe, can be used for laying in the ground or when immersed in water. The insulating material It is recommended for use outdoors, in baths and bathrooms, as it will reliably protect the twisting area from moisture.
How to use heat shrink tube is shown in this video:
PPE caps
When installing wiring in an apartment or house, you can use PPE caps (connecting insulating clamp) to insulate the connection points.
In this case, it is enough to make only high-quality twisting, without soldering. The tip must be cut off and put on with PPE force; the crimp springs inside the cap will expand and tightly grasp the unit being connected. To better fit the connection surface, rotate the cap clockwise.
Now you know how to twist wires correctly and what material is best to choose for insulating the connection. From the article it is clear that to perform twisting it is not at all necessary to be a professional electrician; such work can be done by anyone who knows how to hold pliers in their hands. Just do not forget that twisting is only an important stage that must be completed by welding or soldering.
Almost everyone had to twist wires at least once. You will say that this is a fairly simple procedure. On the one hand, indeed, in order to intertwine several cores with each other and put them in a junction box, you do not need to have any special skills.
But not everything is so simple! After all, twisting wires is one thing, but doing it QUALITY and RELIABLY is a completely different matter.
Unfortunately, homemade twisting of wires often causes electrical fires. That is why such a procedure should be approached very responsibly. So that you can be confident in your work and not worry about the fact that somewhere you have poorly insulated or twisted the wires securely enough, we will tell you how to do everything correctly.
Why can twisting wires be dangerous?
So, let’s confirm: twisting wires is rightfully considered the most in a dangerous way connections. Why?This is because the degree of contact between two or several conductors at once depends only on the quality of the work you perform. Moreover, over time, weakly bent veins will gradually become even weaker. What does this mean? Well, at least because high loads electric current in this area there will be too weak contact. The result is heating of the wires, destruction of the insulating layer and a disastrous ending in the form short circuit(we are generally silent about fire and electric shock).
According to the rules of the PUE, this method of connecting wires is completely prohibited. Although, of course, almost all electricians resort to a similar method in ordinary everyday work. And here’s what professional practitioners say: if you twist the wires correctly and carefully insulate them, you won’t have any problems at all. The veins themselves can serve faithfully for another couple of decades.
This begs the question - how to twist wires correctly and “forever”? Let's talk.
Reliable twisting of wires: detailed instructions
For the sake of an example, let’s take the simplest situation - it is necessary to fasten a pair of single-core wires together (let’s assume that both conductors are made of copper). The course of action is as follows:- Carefully strip both wires using a special tool or a simple knife, removing the insulation by about five centimeters;
- Degrease bare contacts with acetone;
- Take a piece of sandpaper and sand the ends of the conductors to a pronounced metallic color;
- We lay the bare wires crosswise and slowly wrap one wire around the other (the procedure is performed using pliers, the number of turns is at least five);
- We wind the second core in the same way;
- We tightly wrap the twisted area with electrical tape (it would also be a good idea to use a heat-shrinkable cambric - a special tube that will protect the exposed area from the external environment).
You can safely note that there is nothing complicated in the procedure. The main thing is to expose sections of the wires by at least five centimeters and confidently twist them together with pliers, thereby ensuring strong contact.
Options for twisting single-core wires What about more difficult situation when you have to twist single-core and stranded wires together? Here you need to follow the first two points of the above instructions, after which you need to cross the products together and tightly wind the stranded wire around the single-core wire (at a distance of a couple of centimeters from its end).
Reeled in? Then we take the remaining single-core end and bend it in one smooth movement towards the turns of the stranded conductor. When the task is completed, the wires are insulated and placed in a distribution box. Absolutely the same course of action will help when twisting two stranded wires.
By the way, what is important is that we absolutely do not recommend twisting copper and aluminum wires. Not only professional electricians talk about this, but also regulations- the same GOST. You should not make such twists because copper and aluminum have various indicators metal resistance. Also, when they interact, oxidation occurs, and this in turn significantly worsens the contact.
There is also the following nuance: copper and aluminum have different physical properties in the sense that one of the metals is hard and the other is soft. This will also have an extremely negative impact on the quality of contact between the two conductors.
Video about twisting wires
If you want to be sure of the quality of the connection you made, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the following recommendations:
Use these tips; they will definitely not interfere with you when performing any electrical work where there is a need to connect wires to each other. What is important to pay attention to is that the above methods do not make the twist waterproof. So if you are planning to fasten the conductors in the wall under a layer of plaster (and without a box), be sure to insulate the joints with cambrics.
What's the conclusion?
So we told you about how to twist wires yourself. We advise you to resort to this method only when installing temporary electrical wiring; in other cases, use more modern and safe methods. Also, never forget to turn off the power to your home before starting any electrical work. Good luck!
The electrical circuit is located over the area of virtually the entire frame, providing the room with electricity for household and industrial appliances, depending on the purpose of the building. In fact, a cable is supplied from the central network, which is subsequently placed in a switchboard, from which several more come out, are routed to different ends of the room and connected to distribution box, where the final wires come out and are ultimately connected to sockets, switches, etc. Precisely in the distribution. boxes create the largest number of connections, and sometimes a soldering iron, welding, connectors are not used there, but twisting wires, which does not require special devices, a tool, but only those things that virtually everyone has (knife, pliers).
Content:
How to properly twist wires
In order to virtually reduce the possibility of occurrence and ignition, the twists in the distribution boxes must be made with high quality. If a person performs such an action for the first time, it is better to first carefully read the rules of such a connection, and only after that begin to perform the work. Let's figure out how to do twists correctly, what types there are, and what problems you may encounter when performing this work.
To begin with, it is worth saying that the connection of two wires from various metal using twisting is not recommended. Many analytical articles and arguments have been written about this as to why this should not be done:
- different coefficients of thermal expansion (metals react differently to heating and cooling, as a result of which the contact gradually deteriorates);
- the appearance of an oxide film on the aluminum wire (it does not allow current to fully flow, the wire heats up and breaks down over time);
- structural destruction of aluminum during electrolysis (these two metals form a galvanic couple, and after exposure to a humid environment, the metal ends are subject to heating and subsequent destruction).
Twisting of copper and aluminum wires
Copper and aluminum cannot be connected directly to each other. However, in many houses there are aluminum wires that need to be connected to copper wires, and twisting is sometimes the only way to connect. In this case, it is important to adhere to certain rules that will allow such fastening to last as long as possible.
- To begin with, it is worth noting that the conductors must be tightly wrapped around each other. If their diameter is significant, there must be at least 3 turns, and if the diameter is up to 1 mm, in this case it will be necessary to wrap the wire around each other more than five times to ensure high-quality transmission of electrical flow. Also, after this it is very important to treat the bare surface with a special varnish that is resistant to water and moisture.
- When connecting copper and aluminum wires, it is better to use a special steel plate placed between them. This will avoid their direct contact. Thus, the service life of such a connection will be much longer. If you don’t have such a component at hand, then you can resort to treating the bare copper wiring with solder, which will also avoid mechanical contacts of these two metals.
- The ideal solution for connecting copper and aluminum conductors is to first apply solder to the copper core. Especially such pre-treatment is often used when connecting single- and multi-core wires, when in this way a wire consisting of several conductors is converted into a single-core one.
Twisting wires of different sections
This type of work implies the unambiguous use additional funds for connection. Such devices can be screw clamps, self-clamping terminals, bolts, tinned copper lugs, and walnut-type holes. Also, in order not to purchase additional components, you can use soldering or welding, etc.
If the difference in the diameter of the wires is insignificant, for example, 4 and 2.5 mm, then connecting them by twisting is not so difficult. To do this, you need to carefully wrap them around each other, after which you need to use welding or soldering. This fastening of two conductors will last for many years without complaints.
In other cases, twisting wires will not be reliable and durable. In such situations, you simply cannot do without additional components. In various situations, certain devices are used:
- if significant, it is best to use a self-clamping terminal;
- for branching from the main line to the distribution. The shield uses a branch compressor, which among experts is also called “Nut”;
- To connect wires with a large diameter, a copper-tind tip is used.
Errors when twisting wires
The most common problem with connecting conductors in this way is that one wire wraps around another. This is completely wrong. The wires must evenly wrap around each other, thereby ensuring reliable passage of electric current and creating mechanical strength so that such fastening will last for many years.
The length of the twist depends directly on the diameter of the conductors themselves. It is worth considering that minimum threshold this characteristic should be no less than 3 cm. Otherwise, everything depends on the diameter of the wires: the larger the diameter, the greater the length of the created twist should be, but there are no specifically prescribed standards in this regard, each specialist decides for himself what should be be this value so that the connection is reliable and of high quality.
The topic of connecting wires seems quite interesting to consider. For those who are just learning the basics of electrical engineering, this information will be very useful and necessary. After all, you don’t have to be a professional electrician to understand that all wire connections are a serious danger zone. As a rule, 90% of all problems and accidents occur in contacts and cable twists.
The connection of wires can be of several types: twisting, using terminal blocks, using contact clamps, etc.
As you understand, there are quite a lot of types of wire connections, but only those connection methods that can be made by ordinary consumers at home will be considered.
Let's start with some general information.
When laying or repairing electrical wiring, quite often you have to make all kinds of branches and splices of wires. During this operation, you should always strive to obtain a high-quality connection and good contact. This is really very important, because in places of poor contact, due to an increase in resistance, the current-carrying conductors heat up, and this can lead to a fire in the insulation of your conductor and, in some cases, to serious consequences (as we have already mentioned above).
There are several ways to connect wires and cables:
- Twisted.
- Screw terminal blocks.
- Contact clamps.
- Electric welding.
- By contact heating method.
- Soldering in a twist or in a sleeve.
- By crimping in sleeves.
Some of these connection methods require special equipment; at home, contact clamps, screw terminal blocks, and, as a last resort, twisting without soldering are the best options for connecting wires yourself.
All methods of connecting conductors, which will be discussed below, are almost equivalent. Each of them has its own pros and cons. If all your connections are made correctly and conscientiously, then there should be no problems with them in the future, no matter what method you use. this connection neither fulfilled.
Next, we will consider the most common methods of connecting wires that are applicable at home.
Twisting wires
This method of connecting wires today is used only in the absence of special tools and devices. In most cases, the wires are simply twisted and wrapped with electrical tape. In some cases such a connection is not reliable, but under certain conditions such connections show amazing reliability. To do this, you need to remember a couple of rules: you need to twist copper with copper, aluminum with aluminum and provide a relatively small current to power your chandelier.
In this case, the entire length of your twist should be approximately 3-4 cm. As you already understood from the above, in no case should aluminum and copper wires be twisted together. At the places of such connections, there is always a process of electrolysis (with the participation of water contained in the air), during which these metals are destroyed. This mainly applies to aluminum. There is always one rule in this process: the greater the current, the faster the process occurs.
The type of twist depends mainly on the type and functional purpose connection, diameter and material of twisted wires. Below, to help you understand this issue, a table of types of twists is provided.
Modern twisting of wires is carried out without the use of pliers. To create it, special connecting polymer caps with a metal spiral inside are used. There are both imported and domestic caps on the market.
The cap (twist) is the simplest way TPG connections of small cross-section. Used when you need to connect several ends of a wire. The connection is made very simply, the straight ends of the wires are stripped to a length of approximately 15 mm, inserted inside the cap until it stops and the housing is rotated using the wings on the housing until a strong connection is obtained. You can check the resulting connection using conventional instrumentation, since at the top of the caps there is a control recess for the probe of the device.
The connection can be screwed on and, in some cases, unscrewed if the ends of the wires are the same length. But here you should always remember that spring caps are designed for a certain number of wires (this information should be on the cap body or on the packaging in which the caps were located), so when performing this type of work you should always have a set of different sizes.
When choosing the cap size you need, you can focus on color scheme. Just when buying caps, carefully study their range presented in the store. Pay attention to the color and specifications, which should be written on the familiarization sheet, and if you need to, remember all this information. In most cases, you can get by with buying red caps - with their help you can twist wires from 0.5 to 12.5 mm².
The next type of wire connection to consider is the connection using terminal blocks.
Connection with terminal blocks
Terminal blocks are enough convenient way connecting wires, especially when you have a lot of them.
The block is a dielectric housing with screw contacts inside.
Terminal blocks, as you have already seen, have quite a lot of sockets isolated from each other (usually there are two screws per terminal block). Here all connections are made quite simply. You just need to strip the ends of the wires, insert them into the corresponding hole (towards each other) and tighten the fastening screws. But do not overdo it, so as not to cut off these same veins. Terminal blocks are designed for network operation alternating current with a rated voltage of 220-230 V and a frequency of 50 Hz.
The pads have holes in the middle of their body. Through these holes you can attach the terminal blocks to any surface. If you don’t need the entire block, you can cut off the extra terminal strips based on the holes.
You can also this type The terminal blocks can also be used as a dead-end terminal. That is, you put all the wires that you need to connect on one side and strip the wires so that they can be tightened with not one, but two screws. It is better to do this so that the ends of the tightened wires do not stick out from the opposite side of the terminal block. Then take the electrical tape and try to insulate the end so that you yourself do not get an electric shock in the future.
Although there are dead-end terminal blocks on sale, buying them is not always profitable. It is unlikely that you will purchase a large electrical product.
And one more point that should be taken into account when working with terminal blocks. If you are trying to connect a stranded wire, then always try to crimp the lugs onto the ends of the strand, since when tightening this wire with screws, there is a high probability that you can cut off a large number of individual strands and thereby reduce its cross-section, and this can lead to further unpredictable consequences. One piece of advice is appropriate here: when purchasing terminal blocks, always inspect them carefully and try to buy ones that have pressure plates inside.
Terminal connection
The next type of wire connection, which should be considered in more detail, is connection with contact clamps (in other words, the use of WAGO terminal blocks, they are also called flat-spring contact clamps).
Nowadays, wires are increasingly connected using spring clamps. In this case, you do not have to twist or solder anything; you just need to strip the ends of the cores by about 12 mm and insert them into the holes of the clamp.
Scheme of connecting wires with contact clamps: a – connection of an aluminum single-core wire with a pin output: 1 – nut; 2 – split spring washer; 3 – shaped washer; 4 – steel washer; 5 – pin terminal; b – connection of a two-core wire with a flat contact screw clamp; c – connection of the core with a clamp-type terminal; g – contact spring clamp.
This is what this design will look like.
These terminals are filled with a special contact paste, which, when connecting an aluminum conductor, removes the oxide film from it and prevents re-oxidation. That is, during installation, you can safely connect both a copper and an aluminum conductor to one terminal block.
Many experts criticize this type of connection for one reason or another. But still, it is quite reliable and has a number of advantages:
- The conductors are not damaged.
- Reliable protection against accidental contact with live connections.
- Each conductor has a separate terminal location.
- Connecting both copper and aluminum conductors together.
- It is possible to measure the electrical parameters of the circuit without damaging the insulation.
- Safety and order when using these terminal blocks in electrical boxes.
- Short circuit and heating at the connection point are completely eliminated.
- This series clamps are the best option for connecting wires at currents up to 25 A.
- Instant installation of conductors.
There are terminal blocks of this type for multi-core wires.
There are also connection methods, less popular, that you can do yourself.
Diagram of the contact clamp device: 1 - screw; 2 - spring washer; 3 - washer or contact clamp base; 4 - current-carrying core; 5 - stop that limits the spreading of the aluminum conductor.
Screw terminals are contacts in which the wire is secured with screws. The clamp itself is mounted on the underlying surface using screws. In some cases, screw terminals may look like this:
Cable clamps - these devices help connect wire strands without cutting the TPG. Used to branch wires from the main line.
This type of compression is a bit outdated. Now they are trying to use a slightly different design, which does not need to be disassembled and when using which there is no need to strip the section of the main line from insulation, since they are self-piercing. That is, when tightening the nut, which is located on top of the compression, special teeth pierce the conductor insulation and thereby ensure reliable contact. You can insert another conductor into another hole and thereby make a branch.
Panel terminal blocks or busbars – this connection method is used when you need to connect several conductors. For example, when connecting suitable neutral wires to the common.
Soldering is the joining of wires using a soldering iron and special solders.
Whatever connection you choose, try to do it thoroughly and without haste, so as not to blame yourself in the future if the unexpected happens.
Twisting wires is prohibited by the pros!
Not long ago, at one site in Minsk, I saw electricians who were twisting wires and smearing them into the walls. To my remark, they made excuses that they do everything that way. It turned out that the guys came from the region, and for them this method of connection is common practice - cheap and fast. For such “masters” I would like to remind you that twisting wires and leaving them like that is... IT IS FORBIDDEN!
According to technical standards in the Republic of Belarus, ordinary Twisting in electrical wiring is prohibited :
Indeed, the PUE does not allow the use of twisting to connect wires. However, copper twist, if made by a professional craftsman, can easily carry a load of 16 A, without any negative consequences. If the load is greater, the contact will deteriorate and burn out over time.
There is another interesting paradox: despite the fact that twisting is strongly criticized, all the burned twists that I have seen were performed not professional. Most of them were aluminum. Aluminum is generally a very capricious conductor; it behaves poorly in any connection and requires special attention. But even such twists can cope with household loads in apartments.
However, despite this, twists are evil. Why?
Firstly, they have a high transition resistance and secondly, they are very sensitive to pulse currents. In addition, not everyone knows how to do twists correctly.
What should the twist be? The correct twist should be 3-5 cm long (depending on the cross-section and number of strands - the thicker and larger, the longer), twisted tightly but “without wings”.
Typical mistakes when twisting:
In the photo, I tried to imitate the incorrect wire connections that I encountered in apartment wiring:
- Option A)- insufficient twist length.
- Options b) And d)- these are not twists at all, but they are one of the most favorite connections of homemade “crazy people”.
- Options V) And G)- untwisted and poorly twisted twists.
Another of the most common types of connections is twisting an aluminum core with a copper one:
and connection of a mono core and a stranded wire:
All this is an example of bad connections. Use such connections in electrical wiring - IT IS FORBIDDEN!
Where can you use WIRES TWISTING?
I use regular wire twisting only as a temporary connection or as a preparatory operation for other types of connections (for example, welding or soldering).
Summary: Twisting is bad! Use reliable types of connections: welding, crimping, 3M clamps.
