Activities to create comfortable living conditions for the population of apartment buildings and other buildings (water supply, wastewater disposal, supply of electricity, gas and heating) constitute housing public utilities. What is included in their list and what requirements they must meet is vital information for consumers.
New rules
In 2012, new rules related to the provision of services in the public utilities sector were introduced. The Decree on the procedure for their provision provides a precise definition of public utilities (CS). The executors of the CG are legal entities or individual entrepreneurs. They acquire resources, carry out work and are responsible for the serviceability of all intra-house communications. Residents of apartment buildings and other residential buildings are faced with a number of conditions spelled out in Section 2 of the new rules. You have the right to use CU:
- owners of residential premises together with their families;
- persons who received housing from a cooperative organization;
- tenants of premises;
- persons who have rented an apartment or room.
What is included in the concept of “utilities”? These are the following benefits: electricity, drainage, access to hot and cold water and others. According to the rules, they are supplied continuously, and heating is provided around the clock during the season. In residential complexes, accidents and irregular supply of heat or water are possible, but within the framework of strictly regulated standards related to the quality of the heating system.
What is included in the list of utilities?
Services included in the list of utilities are presented in the table below.
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Supply is carried out to supply residents around the clock in the central or intra-house network. Proper quality and volume necessary for life’s needs are the main requirements for water. In the absence of a water supply system, the supply is carried out to the street water pump. |
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It is supplied around the clock through centralized networks to all areas of the house in order to provide consumers. |
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What is included in municipal wastewater disposal services? Wastewater disposal is carried out around the clock through centralized networks and in-house systems. Sewage systems should be present in most living areas of the house. |
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Electricity is uninterrupted, supplied to houses and apartments around the clock through the power supply network in the required volume. |
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Gas is supplied to houses and apartments through gas supply networks around the clock. Supply also includes the sale of gas cylinders. |
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Centralized networks and heat supply systems supply thermal energy to houses, apartments, and non-residential premises to maintain the proper temperature. |
The list of what is included in utilities depends on the level of comfort of the house. If a sewerage system is not installed in a residential premises, then it should not be counted as a utility service.
Housing services
Any consumer, studying receipts for accommodation, pays attention to consumable items related to general household needs. These are housing services. What is included in the utility costs for this area? What does the consumer pay for? Residents of apartments, unlike residents of private houses, pay the following expenses arising from the maintenance of property that is public:
- Lighting, maintenance optimal temperature according to legal rules.
- Cleaning, cleaning, creating sanitation for public areas and areas within the house.
- Costs of waste discharge and transportation (solid, liquid). Organizations and entrepreneurs located in a residential building are also required to pay these expenses.
- Fire safety.
- Maintenance of landscaping and landscaping of the land, which is part of the property of the house.
- Repair costs (capital and current).
- Activities to prepare for seasonal use of the house.
- Costs of maintaining public property.
- Inspection activities for common areas.
About the provision of utility serviceson power supply
According to the rules that came into force back in 2012, the changes affected the order of power supply. In some cases, enterprises that supply electricity to homes may be executors of utility services. What is included in electricity utilities?
Firstly, resource supplying organizations are not obliged to maintain the internal electrical system and are not responsible for the level of its quality inside the house. Secondly, they are responsible only for the proper provision of services up to the boundaries separating the elements of the system.
The new requirements include the right of the consumer to take readings every month from the 23rd to the 25th and transfer them to the energy sales organization by the 26th of the same month. If the data has not been received, Energosbyt has the right to calculate the volume of consumption according to the standards. The consumer must give Energosbyt representatives the opportunity to check the condition of the devices and the accuracy of the data.
Everyone knows that touching seals, removing meters, interfering with their operation so that the meter does not “wind” is prohibited. Such actions will lead to the fact that the payment will increase significantly: they will charge “kulibin” taking into account the power of the devices for their round-the-clock operation for all residents.
The changes also affected the procedure for calculating the volume of provided household electricity. It is paid separately as part of the CU, monthly. So, if you are on vacation, do not live in an apartment, or are absent for other reasons, then you are still required to pay for the general household electricity consumption during this time. The volume of common house utilities is calculated and divided among residents, taking into account the space occupied by each. In the absence of a common house meter, the calculation is made on the basis of standards. They are different for each region, but are developed according to a general methodology. In addition, the organization that supplies light has the right to turn it off for a tenant who is in debt for three months of consumption. The absence of a counter will not play any role in this case.
New standards
In 2013, changes were approved regarding the rules for the provision of corporate governance. What is included in the concept of "utility fees"? How is it calculated under the new rules? Payment for utilities (except for heating) is divided into personal and general house and is signed separately on the receipt.
The innovations also affected standard coefficients. They must “motivate” the population apartment buildings install individual meters. For those who have the technical ability to supply devices that keep house-wide and individual records, but have not done so, increased standards have been introduced for all types of utilities. For example, after the new year, payment increased by 10%, six months later - by another 10%, and so on until the excess reaches 60%! As a result, those who do not install meters will have to pay in two years 60% more than those who did.
The advantage in this situation is that this overpayment for the utilities should be spent by the management organization on energy saving and increasing the efficiency of power systems. A question arises regarding the president’s demand not to allow the cost of corporate capital to increase above 6% per year. How will this instruction be implemented for those living in apartments and houses without meters?
Payment procedure for communal housing utilities
The new Rules for the provision of utility services contain a modified formula for calculating heating standards. In the old version, the total consumption of thermal energy was divided into the total squares of premises (residential + non-residential + public). In the new version, they are divided into total squares of residential and non-residential premises without common areas. Thus, the standard has increased.
I am glad that residents have been waived from paying for common heating costs. Now residents will not have to pay for heating the entrance where there are no radiators. Water management and drainage systems have also been excluded from general house standards: you will not have to pay for the drainage of water that was used to water the lawns. The new rules for the provision of utility services propose to calculate the general house metering of hot and cold water taking into account the norms: 90 liters per person per month.
Organizations managing utility companies are now motivated to reduce general house losses. The volume of services provided must be within the standard; if it is still exceeded, then the difference is paid by the management company itself, and not by consumers. The exception is houses where at a meeting of owners it was decided to divide the excess between residents. If the CG performer is not a company, but a resource supplier, then the difference is divided between consumers, taking into account the space they own.
How to establish the fact of improper provision of CG?
What to do if there are no light bulbs in the entrance for several days or the window panes are broken? If the CG is provided of poor quality, and there is no way to call the contractor or he does not respond, then the consumer can establish the fact of a violation of his rights. The tenant draws up an act with the participation of two neighbors and the chairman of the HOA (house council). The period of improper provision of corporate governance will be counted from the moment the act is signed (an example is given below).
| Act about improper provision of public services |
| 02/28/2015 city Vereshchagino, st. Pochtovaya, building 34, apt. 2 start of compilation "10-30" end of compilation “11-00” Prepared by a commission consisting of: Chairman of the HOA Petrov S.S., apt. No. 25. Members of the commission: Maslyakov A.D., apt. No. 36. Starkova T.I., apt. No. 40. This act was drawn up in connection with the improper provision of heat supply services and leaking heating pipes. Compiled on September 3, 2014. The report states that the system is in working order. During a visual inspection, a leak in pipes and a radiator was discovered in the second entrance on the third floor. Conclusion: the violation is due to wear on the radiator. The commission decided on the need to offset the amounts contributed for the repair of the heating system. |
What to do if utility services do not organize cleaning for months local area or do not carry out renovation work in the hallways? After all, these are also utilities. What is included in measures to protect the rights of tenants?
- Preparation of a collective claim with the full name, address and signature of all residents addressed to the management company. The main requirement is to eliminate service deficiencies within a reasonable period.
- Personal and written appeal to the Housing and Communal Services Department of the city or district. List in writing the shortcomings in the provision of utility services and ask to take measures to eliminate them, and to bring those responsible to justice.
- If the first and second steps do not produce results, file a claim in court.
Contract for the provision of utilities
CG are provided under a paid written agreement with provisions on the procedure for their provision according to the new rules. It must take into account the provisions of the Rules and contain the necessary conditions regulating public services. What is included in the contract, what is the procedure for its conclusion?
The organization providing CG has the right to conclude a written agreement if the tenant is already using CG or intends to consume them. An agreement with provisions for the provision of services when these actions are performed by the consumer is considered concluded. The rules establish a period within which the contractor must provide services and demand payment.
For any form of ownership, the management organization must provide the necessary utilities and cannot refuse residents to include in their contractual obligations the provision of services that the level of improvement of the house allows them to provide.
For employers and tenants, a rental or lease agreement is drawn up. If a written contract does not comply with these innovations, then it is still considered that it was concluded in accordance with the new requirements and taking into account all their conditions. If the consumer does not have a contract on paper, the management organization or supplier does not have the right to refuse to provide services to him.
Six ways to reduce your rent
How to find out what is included in public services and where to go to protect your rights? With a few steps you can reduce utility costs and influence utility companies:
- Formally requesting your rates by line item will help you see what your utilities include, what you have to pay for, and what services you're not receiving in full.
- To draw up an act for services not provided within a month, you need to invite an employee of the housing cooperative of your management company to visit you. The act must be prepared by the 20th of the current month.
- Together with a housing cooperative employee (or without him), draw up a claim act. Collect signatures from residents (the more, the better).
- In the first days of the month, submit an application to the housing cooperative for recalculation of payment for the utility bill; the acts must be attached.
- If utility companies refuse to recalculate, file a complaint with the consumer protection department of the region, region, or the city housing and communal services department.
- In addition, the consumer has the right to refuse services such as cleaning stairwells.
Conclusion
Innovations in the procedure for providing CG were made to make their receipt simple and transparent. In general, they streamline the relationship between the population and housing and communal services. But there are a number of ambiguities in the new rules. Whether this reform will be effective will become known over time.
Services cover:
Provision of residential premises for use under a social tenancy agreement or a rental agreement for residential premises of the state or municipal housing stock;
Major repairs of common property in apartment building for homeowners;
Removal of solid household waste;
Removal of liquid household waste from apartment buildings..."
Source:
Order of Rosstat dated July 23, 2009 N 147 “On approval of the Instructions for filling out the indicator “” in federal statistical observation forms
Official terminology. Akademik.ru. 2012.
See what “Housing services” are in other dictionaries:
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Housing and communal services- these are services delivered to consumers living in housing stock to ensure comfortable living conditions. Contents 1 General 2 Provision of services ... Wikipedia
MUTUAL HOUSING ASSOCIATIONS- MUTUAL HOUSING ASSOCIATIONS MHAs Non-profit organizations that are created and supported by cooperatives. The idea of such associations originated in Europe, and in the United States, two types developed after 1979. The first type includes... ... Encyclopedia of Banking and Finance
AUSTRALIA- (Australia) General information Official name The Commonwealth of Australia. It is located on the continent of A., the island of Tasmania and a number of small coastal islands. Area 7,692,024 km2 (including the island of Tasmania, 68,400 km2). By… … Encyclopedia of countries of the world
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- (HOUSEHOLD) a collection of persons living in one residential building or part thereof, both related and unrelated, jointly providing themselves with everything necessary for life, fully or partially pooling and spending their funds.… … Official terminology
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HOUSEHOLD Glossary of terms on social statistics
HOUSEHOLD- a small group of people living in the same dwelling, pooling part or all of their income and assets and consuming certain types of products and services together, mainly housing services and food... Social statistics. Dictionary
Books
- , A. N. Ryakhovskaya, F. G. Tagi-Zade. Current issues of pricing for housing and utilities are considered. The tariff policy of the former USSR, based on command principles of economic management, has been studied, its... Buy for 594 UAH (Ukraine only)
- Tariff and pricing policy in the housing and utilities sectors, Ryakhovskaya A., Tagi-Zade F.. Current issues of pricing for housing and utilities services are considered. The tariff policy of the former USSR, based on command principles of economic management, its...
List of utilities required for housing maintenance:
The second type of services provided by housing and communal services is housing services.
Watch a video about the list of utilities provided by housing and communal services:
What are we paying for?
Considering that housing and communal services are commercial organizations, therefore, all their activities are aimed at making a profit. All types of housing and communal services can be divided into paid and conditionally free. For an apartment owner, paid housing and communal services consist of::
- Payments for utilities.
- Payment for repairs and maintenance of residential premises.
Utilities include:
Tariffs for these services are set by regional and local authorities. When it comes to paying for housing services, things are completely different. If a homeowners association (HOA) has been formed in the house, then the tariffs for housing services are determined by their governing body. And if the house is managed by the management company (management company), then all tariffs for housing services are determined on general meeting homeowners.
IMPORTANT: If the owners did not appear at the meeting and did not set tariffs, then they are set by the local government body.
According to Government Decree No. 731 of September 23, 2010 and Article No. 161 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, the owner has the right to write an application to the HOA or management company in order to receive a written response, which will explain the tariffs, on what basis and by whom they were determined. If your application has not been responded to, you can complain to the following authorities:
- District administration.
- Housing inspection.
- Prosecutor's office.
Conditionally free housing and communal services are paid for by the municipality or social services. These include:
Review of payment points
Every month each owner receives a receipt for payment of housing and communal services. The receipt shows full list all services and terms of their payment. This list includes:
- garbage removal;
- communications maintenance;
- cleaning elevators, stairs and local areas;
- electricity;
- water supply (divided into cold and hot);
- heating;
- current and major repairs.
ATTENTION: In addition to standard services, the receipt may also include services such as security, video surveillance, etc. All additional items are agreed upon with the owners at the general meeting.
For ease of use, all services are arranged in a table. The header of the receipt indicates the deadlines for payment for services. At the bottom of the table is the total amount, which is calculated depending on the indicators and tariffs that fall on a given billing period. The amount owed may also be indicated on the receipt. In addition to the table with services and the total amount, the receipt contains information about the owner.
