Growing nut crops in domestic conditions became possible thanks to imported plant varieties from East Asia and North America. Bear nut, known as hazel, is no exception. The branches of this tree are massive and rise 10 meters above the ground. Walnut fruits are tasty and nutritious.
Bear nut has a tree-like structure
Bear nut is the only representative of hazel with a tree-like structure. This plant has strong immunity and tolerates severe frosts and summer drought well.
Decorative features of hazel tree
Tree hazel is native to eastern countries, but it is actively grown in western Russia and Ukraine. The popularity of the crop is due to its high yield and decorative features. In favorable conditions, the tree can grow up to 18–20 meters. But the temperate climate and soil quality do not allow the plant to achieve maximum growth rates. In Russia and Ukraine you can find hazel no more than 10 meters high.
The bear nut has a massive light brown trunk. The bark on the branches may have white spots. Young shoots are always drooping and gray. The foliage is bright, round or heart-shaped. The tree is especially beautiful in autumn. At this time, the foliage turns yellow, orange and red. By winter it falls off, and the dark brown catkins remain hanging on the tree. The nut itself is bisexual: men's earrings are larger than women's.
Hard-shelled fruits can be seen among the foliage. Externally, large nuts after peeling become small, similar in size to peas. The tree bears fruit annually, but the yield is inconsistent.
The trunk of the hazel tree is very massive
Benefits of Growing Bear Nut
Tree hazel is called bear nut because of its resistance to bad weather conditions. Hazel is not afraid of frost and tolerates summer heat well. Tree hazel is a long-lived tree. In its homeland, a tree can live up to 200 years. In addition to climatic endurance, growing this plant has advantages:
- like hazelnuts and other nut relatives, hazel fruits are a healthy nutritious product;
- the tree bears fruit annually;
- has excellent decorative features.
The fruits of tree hazel are very tasty both fresh and cooked, but before that you need to get rid of the thick shell. In terms of taste, bear nut fruits are not inferior to wild hazelnuts.
The delicate pleasant smell of nut kernels and the soft structure of the fruit are appreciated by culinary specialists from different countries. Small nuts are added to liver pates, vegetable and meat salads, first courses, etc.
Not only hazel nuts, but also its wood are valuable. Using it for construction purposes has many advantages. Bear nut trunks are hard and durable. Buildings made from such logs can last more than a century. Because of this, tree hazel has been listed in the Red Book for more than half a century and in nature it can only be found on mountain slopes, where it is difficult to reach.
Tree hazel nuts have a pleasant taste
Features of growing tree hazel
It is best to plant bear nut seedlings. The most suitable time is early autumn. Hazel will only grow in fertile soil. Before planting, prepare a hole (up to 50 cm deep) and fertilize the soil by mixing into it:
- 10 kg of humus;
- 500 g of mineral fertilizers;
- 50 g potassium salt.
Before planting, purchased seedlings are pruned; it is also important to prepare the tree’s root system for new conditions by dipping them in a solution of manure and clay. If you plan to plant several plants, they are placed at a distance of 3–5 meters from each other. After burying, the nut should be thoroughly filled with water.
Caring for tree hazel is simple. The main thing is to systematically loosen the soil so that the roots of the tree receive enough air. In dry weather, watering is recommended. It is produced no more than once a month. During the rainy season, watering should be avoided. The tree does not require a large amount of moisture and extracts it from the soil itself.
Why is it worth growing tree hazel?
Bear nut, which tastes like hazelnuts, is good for health. Growing your own tree for the fruit is much more economical than buying them in the store; all nuts are expensive. Already in the 4-5th year of its life, tree hazel can produce up to 10 kg of fruit. In mass production, 1 hectare produces up to 5 tons of delicious, nutritious nuts.
An additional advantage of tree nuts is long-term storage, which does not require pre-processing. In a dry, dark place, the fruits are stored for years without losing their beneficial properties.
The chemical composition of the product contains a large amount of microelements (potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, etc.), a high percentage of proteins, which allows the product to be used in dietary and therapeutic nutrition.
Tree nut is perfect as a scion for hazelnuts. But don't expect quick results. When grown in open ground, it is difficult for grafting materials to adhere to each other, so it is better to graft in greenhouses.
selomoe.ru
bear nut
Hello, dear editors. In 1982, they sent me a parcel from Vinnitsa. It contained two bear nut seedlings, the size of a match. I thought that this plant looked like a hazelnut-type shrub and planted it in one hole so that it would grow side by side. And now 23 years have passed, and huge trees have grown, 10 meters high. The crown has covered the barn, in the summer there is a bed, a table, a sofa and four armchairs under it. In 2005-2006 it bore fruit, but the nuts were empty - there was no kernel. My wife says, cut it down, but I seem to be waiting for something, and I feel sorry for such beauties. I found nothing about such a nut in the literature. Maybe you can help and tell us what kind of plant this is.
Sincerely, Belkov N.I., Rostov region,
With. Al. Lozovka.
Bear nut, although considered “wild hazel,” is a very rare plant. It is even listed in the Red Book. Grows well in both light and shade. Fruits - irregularly once every 2-4 years. And although the nuts are tasty, the kernels are small and the shell is thick. The nuts ripen in October.
And the tree should have started bearing fruit at the age of 6-8 (for seed propagation) and at 3-4 for vegetative propagation. It can withstand frosts down to -30 °C, so the female buds could well survive, while the earrings froze and pollination did not occur. Because of this, the nuts are empty (the shell is an overgrown pericarp and is formed even without pollination, which cannot be said about the kernels).
The tree is both moisture-loving and drought-resistant - that is, if you watered it well, then it could well grow to enormous sizes, delaying fruiting. So water less often and, perhaps, in a year you will collect a good harvest of nuts. And they are valued much more than hazelnuts or hazelnuts. In this respect, the difference between them is approximately the same as between garden and wild strawberries. Moreover, no cottage has such exoticism.
yard.hozvo.ru
Technology of growing hazelnuts for hazel - Gardener
In Ukraine, hazelnuts grow mainly in home gardens. In recent years, its popularity has been growing significantly. As a result, private farm plantations of this crop appear.
But farmers are unable to meet the domestic market's demand for hazelnuts, as well as the needs of the food and pharmaceutical industries. Ukrainians are forced to import hazelnuts from abroad, spending huge amounts of money.
The time has come to establish industrial hazelnut plantations from high-yielding domestic and foreign varieties, introduce new technologies for its production, grow forms on tree rootstocks, which will increase the productivity and durability of plantings and spread the culture to regions with more severe climatic conditions.
Under natural conditions, hazelnuts grow as a tree or shrub. The rootstock for bush hazelnut, or common hazel (Corylus avellana L.), can be tree hazel, or bear nut (Corylus colurna L.).
Plants of this species are distributed throughout Eastern Europe.
Bear nut is a spreading pyramidal tree 25-30 m high. It begins to bear fruit 16-17 years after planting and lives 250-300 years.
Bear nut fruits are small and hard, so as a fruit crop it is not of particular value.
But it is used in hazelnut breeding to obtain tree-like forms and varieties with increased winter hardiness, as well as in ornamental gardening.
To create a comprehensive technology for the production of hazelnut fruits on a tree rootstock, it is necessary to carry out a number of experiments:
- In particular, consider the physiological reactions of grafting components, the viability of grafted seedlings in nursery conditions and at the planting site. Select and propagate forms of bear nut that best match the parameters of a tree rootstock for growing hazelnuts.
- Decide on the height of the stem depending on the intended purpose of the planting material (for commercial and industrial plantings, park and landscape or amateur gardening).
- Particular attention should be paid to the formation of a crown in the form of a bush on a trunk and the influence of different formations on the productivity of the crop.
Experiments and results: on the selection of hazelnuts on a tree rootstock
In many fruit species, the scion and rootstock can reject each other or become deformed during the process of fusion.
The advantage of grafting varietal hazelnut plants onto bear nuts is that they take root perfectly and do not show any signs of incompatibility.
This is confirmed by a 25-year-old specimen of the Borovskaya variety on a bear nut and grafted hazelnut plants of other varieties that successfully grow, develop and produce high-quality fruits.
If in a number of fruit species, in the case of incompatibility of grafting components or different growth vigor, a significant disproportion in diameter is observed at the place of their fusion, then in this case it is absent in both seedlings and adult specimens.
When using bear nut as a tree rootstock for hazelnuts, it is worth highlighting its interesting shape with smooth bark. It does not have the 1.5-2.5 mm thick cork layer of dead bark characteristic of the bear nut, which, in my opinion, significantly affects the fusion of the grafting components. The selected form also produces shoots, which is not typical for this species, but can be used for a new direction in the selection of tree-like hazelnut forms.
Hazelnuts on a tree rootstock have much higher productivity and early fruiting than self-rooted seedlings.
The laying of female and male flowers on seedlings on a tree-like rootstock occurs in the year of grafting, so two-year-old trees begin to bear fruit, and hazel layerings begin to bear fruit only in the 4-5th year after rooting.
Unlike the bush hazelnut, the bear nut is a powerful tree with a well-developed root system that penetrates deep into the soil and naturally improves its irrigation properties.
This allows not only to obtain high-quality commercial products, but also to successfully spread the industrial hazelnut crop on a tree rootstock to the north-eastern regions of Ukraine, as well as to other soil and climatic zones (for example, in the Carpathians), where growing hazelnuts in a root crop is risky.
Our advice:
When creating industrial hazelnut plantings on bear nut, it is very important to choose the right shape of the bush-crown and the height of the trunk - so as to limit the size of the bush on the rootstock. The formation should ensure long-term use of plants and mechanized fruit collection.
Two crown shapes are offered - spherical and fan-shaped. When planting, orienting the plants in the plane of the row, you need to take into account what kind of formation will be used in the future.
The head of the bush contains a certain number of branches of different ages, which are periodically replaced with new ones as plant productivity and fruit quality decrease.
High regenerative capacity and the annual growth of young shoots in the area of the head of the hazelnut bush guarantee a highly productive and long operational period of this design due to the cyclical change of fruit branches and the biological potential of the bear nut as a vigorous rootstock.
It is quite difficult to accurately determine the period of industrial exploitation of hazelnut plantations on a tree rootstock due to the lack of long-term studies.
But if we take into account that the lifespan of hazelnuts is calculated in centuries, we can assume that under optimal agrotechnical conditions, the fruiting of this crop will be quite long (60-80 years or more).
Nikolay Matvienko, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences© Ogorodnik Magazine Photo: pixabay.com
ogorodnik.com
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Bear nut (tree hazel)
Among the hazels, tree hazel (Corylus colurna), or bear nut, stands out. This is the only representative of the hazel genus whose life form is a tree. The height of an adult tree is 20 m (in our conditions it grows no higher than 8 m), life expectancy is 200 years. A plant with a dense, wide-pyramidal, beautiful crown, slender. The trunk is covered with light, deeply fissured bark, separated by plates. The leaves are simple, large, broadly ovate in shape with a rather long petiole - 3-5 cm. Tree-like hazel is winter-hardy and quite drought-resistant, successfully resisting pathogens and pests. It can withstand winter air drops to minus 35-40 ºС, and retains foliage for a long time in the fall. Bear nut is decorative not only in summer, but also in winter. At this time, he is adorned with many dull brown earrings. The light color of the young branches, covered with velvety white corky bark, also gives the plant a decorative appearance. With the first rays of the spring sun, the earrings awaken, crack and increase in length due to the growth of the stem. At this time, a complex and extremely important process of pollen maturation occurs in them. The wind blows on the tree, and yellow clouds of ripened pollen envelop it. Male flowers produce dust, while female flowers are completely inconspicuous. Small red stigmas barely protrude from under the soft bud scales. The color of the stigmas is determined by the presence of the anthocyanin pigment. The red color helps to capture heat rays and, thanks to this, the fertilization process is successful. Warmth is very important for bearsnut flowers, which bloom in early spring. But then the earrings dusted off and began to fall off. This means it is time for the leaf buds to open. And then the tree becomes covered with bright green foliage. The root system of woody hazel is deep, taprooted, firmly holding the plant in the substrate, which makes it possible to use it in forest protection plantings. Bear nut wood is very highly valued in furniture production and is used in the decoration of salons, cabins, and state rooms. It is fine-layered, dense, strong with a beautiful pink tint. Buildings built from bear nuts have been preserved for centuries. Wood, easily processed and polished, has long been used by the population of Transcaucasia and Turkey for the manufacture of carpentry and turning products. Because of its beautiful and durable wood, the plant was rapaciously cut down in pre-revolutionary times and was preserved only in inaccessible mountain gorges.
Ability to grow at altitudes of 1500-1800 m above sea level. m. saved him from final extermination. It is listed in the Red Book. The fruits - nuts - ripen in September - October are also valued. They are larger than ordinary hazel, with a thick shell, which is why this type of hazel is called bear nut, but with a very tasty oily kernel. A slender tree with bright carved leaves, similar to a plane tree from a distance, will really decorate any landscape. But here beauty also gives quite material benefits - nuts. Inflorescences containing up to 20 nuts (usually 6-8 pieces). green hedgehogs are scattered throughout the crown and look cheerfully from above: try to get it! There's no need to rush. At the beginning of September, they pour out of their wrappers, just have time to pick up the long-awaited delicacy. The taste and appearance of the nuts are very similar to hazelnuts, but not round, but cylindrical. With a pointed conical top and a rather densely pubescent, thick skin, as if powdered, they are more reminiscent of Rocket or Dolinsky. It would be wasteful to use such a tree only for decorative purposes - there are not many nuts in our diet, and even fewer varieties of them. A bear nut planted according to a 6x6 m or 7x5 m scheme will give its first harvest in the 4-5th year; at productive age, from 2 to 5 tons can be collected per hectare, and the product is environmentally friendly - it does not need chemical treatment, since pests and It has even fewer diseases than hazelnuts. The kernel yield (up to 45%) and oil content (up to 62%) of the bear nut are lower than that of modern hazelnuts, however, the high content of proteins (up to 16%), microelements (K, Mg, P) and vitamins allows it to be widely used in dietary and therapeutic nutrition. Can be used as a rootstock to produce tree-like (standard) hazelnuts.
Don't be afraid of the size of the tree -
in our conditions it is rarely higher than 6-8 meters. Propagated by seeds and vegetatively by layering and grafting. Under natural conditions it renews poorly. It’s time for him, with our help, to get out of botanical gardens, to fruit orchards, to summer cottages, to city parks and squares, field shelterbelts and young forests.
When you first hear the name “bear nut,” you immediately imagine something big and impressive. And indeed it is. Bear nut, or tree hazel (Corylus colurna) is the only representative of the hazel genus whose life form is not a bush, but a tree. And the tree is huge! An adult plant is taller and wider than nearby oaks and hornbeams. But this is not the only reason why the nut is called bear...
In nature, bear nut grows in the Caucasus, Asia Minor and the Balkans. It rises into the mountains to a height of 1800 m above sea level.
The wood has very valuable qualities: it is dense, fine-grained, strong, with a beautiful pink tint. This wood is used to decorate state rooms, fashionable salons, cabins, and is highly valued in furniture production. These properties caused the extermination of tree hazel, and now it is listed in the Red Book.
Bear size and strength!
In adulthood, the tree nut grows up to 30 m and has a dense, wide-pyramidal crown. Only three people can wrap their hands around the trunk. Life expectancy is more than two hundred years.
In nature, this hazel grows in the mountains, where rain streams tend to wash away young shoots from the slopes. But with bearish strength and tenacity the trees cling to the stones. Thanks to this, the nut was not completely cut down, and it survived in hard-to-reach mountain gorges.
Tree hazel is native to the southern regions, however, it is not short on endurance. It is very winter-hardy, withstands our frosts up to 40 degrees. In autumn it retains foliage for a long time (photo 4). The tree is also drought-resistant and successfully resists pests and diseases.
To preserve the species, the bear nut was planted in many botanical gardens in Russia. In particular, it grows in the botanical garden of the Medical Academy named after. Sechenov (Moscow). Despite our climate, the tree grew powerful, as befits representatives of the bear breed.
The botanical garden is located in the middle of a metropolis, and the bear nut shows resistance to urban conditions. In photo 1, the tallest tree (in the center) is the bear nut.
Special beauty
Large trees are especially decorative. They inspire admiration for their power and captivate with their greatness.
The thick trunk with rough bark is simply attractive; you just want to lean against it to recharge your energy (photo 3).
Bear nut is decorative not only in summer, but also in winter. At this time, he is adorned with many brown earrings.
In spring, the tree is covered with bright green foliage. Light foliage and rough wood texture provide extraordinary contrast and attract attention.
And bear nuts!
The shape and size of the nuts are similar to ordinary hazelnuts or hazelnuts, but the wrapper (plus) is much larger and thicker. The involucre leaves are long, deeply cut into small segments. By autumn they become hard, like thorns.
The nuts grow together in 3-7 pieces, which makes the fruits seem even larger. They ripen in September. But don't try to bite them with your teeth! Only a bear can do this! The shell is very strong, and you can’t do it without pliers. It is because of this that this type of hazel was called bear nut.
The kernel is very tasty, oily, oil content up to 62%, also contains proteins, sugars, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and vitamins.
In nature, the harvest season occurs after 2-3 years. There is a good harvest this year.
Planting and care
Growing from seeds is no different from planting ordinary hazel. They emerge after stratification. It can be carried out under the snow, burying boxes of nuts in the ground.
It is necessary to provide protection against rodents! By some miracle they are able to open a bear nut and destroy its contents. You can cover it with spruce or juniper spruce branches (pine does not help) and put poisoned baits. Another way to stratify in the cellar.
To sow, you need to have at least a few nuts, since not all of them germinate.
In the first years, young plants are slightly winter-hardy. They winter painlessly only in the North Caucasus, in Belarus, in the Kursk, Voronezh, Lipetsk, and Rostov regions. In the northern regions, for the winter you need to mulch the tree trunk circle with peat, compost or dry leaves in a layer of at least 8 cm.
In parks where the soil is covered with natural leaf fall, these measures are not required. This is exactly how the bear nut grew in Moscow. In the botanical garden of the medical academy, he overtook nearby trees, justifying his species epithet (photo 1).
If the first winter turns out to be harsh, the seedlings may freeze. After this, they change into a bush-like form and produce several trunks. In this form, the bear nut grows in the Botanical Garden of UNN, in Nizhny Novgorod. Winter hardiness increases with age. Plants bloom and bear fruit. Fruiting occurs after 15-20 years. Fallen nuts self-sow.
To speed up growth and increase the winter hardiness of seedlings, it is advisable to water young plants. Mature trees receive enough rainfall.
Where to plant?
Bear nuts should be planted in a spacious area. It is not suitable for small gardens, as the crown provides a lot of shade.
Where to plant such a tree? Plant outside the garden, or perhaps at the edge of the forest. This is that same noble impulse when a tree is planted “just like that”, not an apple or pear tree that will bear fruit, but a tree that you can be proud of. Remember what it says: “Every man should plant a tree”...
In addition, there are many areas in cities where there is sufficient space. For example, in England, America, and Israel there is a tradition of planting trees in parks, squares, and along roads.
We also have such a tradition. But after the tree planting cleanup, they are usually forgotten about, and the seedlings are taken over by the city.
We know how city services care for plants...
But in Israel, every tree has its own owner. The one who planted it waters the plant and looks after it throughout its life. In some places they even put up signs saying who planted this plant.
A bear nut lives 200 years. Imagine, you planted a plant that your children and grandchildren can admire...
All the bear nut requires is care for the first two years so that the seedlings overwinter well. Later it grows on its own.
If it is possible to plant this giant nut, it will be a good contribution to the conservation of Red Book species. Planting material should be sought in botanical gardens.
N. Petrenko,
photo from the collection of the Botanical Garden of the First Medical Academy named after. Sechenov, Moscow
Tree up to 25-28 m high and up to 60(90) cm in diameter. The trunk is straight with a wide pyramidal dense crown. The bark is gray, fissured, peeling off in plates. The leaves are blunt-toothed, on long petioles. The nuts are small, with a thick and hard shell, hidden in a long, velvety, deeply cut wrapper, 3-9 together. Blooms in March-April. The nuts ripen in September-October and are edible. Doesn't bear fruit every year. The root system is taproot type. Does not produce root suckers. It reproduces by nuts and produces shoots from the stump. Lives up to 200 years. Grows quickly. Shade-tolerant. Prefers fresh, deep, humus-rich soils, as well as alluvial ones. Naturally grows in mixed forests of the middle and mountainous parts of the Caucasus (see Fig. 49), in northern Iran, Asia Minor and on the Balkan Peninsula. It is grown as a fruit and ornamental tree in the Caucasus, Central Asia, Ukraine, Belarus, the Baltic countries and the south of the European part of Russia.
The wood of arborescent hazel is close in physical and mechanical properties to the wood of common hazel. It is used in housing construction, shipbuilding, furniture production and various crafts.
Variegated hazel (p. Heterophnlla Fisch.)
Shrub up to 2 m high or more. The leaves are almost bare, coarsely toothed, almost rectangular in outline, different in shape on the same bush, on hairy petioles. Hence the name variegated.
Flowering and leafing of variegated hazel occurs 2-3 days later than that of common hazel. The plus is slightly longer than the nut, smooth, wide-toothed. The nut is spherical, flattened on top, edible. The shell is thick. Nuts sit 2-3 at the ends of branches on legs. They contain 50% oil and are used in the same way as common hazel nuts. In good years, it is possible to collect 100 kg or more of nuts from 1 hectare. Weight of 1000 nuts is 1100 g. It grows mainly in the undergrowth of mixed oak, black birch and pine forests in Eastern Siberia and the Far East from Argun to the Pacific Ocean. In clearings and burnt areas, as well as on mountain slopes, it often forms thickets. It is still rare in culture. More winter-hardy than common hazel. Drought-resistant and shade-tolerant. It is of interest for green construction and as a nut-bearing plant for northern regions with a harsh climate, as well as for introduction into forest plantations and shelterbelts in forest-steppe and steppe.
Genus Hornbeam (Carpinus l.)
A genus of deciduous trees or shrubs. The trunk is somewhat ribbed at the bottom. The bark is gray, smooth. The crown is dense. Leaves are alternate, simple, double-toothed; stipules fall early. Staminate flowers in lateral narrow-cylindrical earrings, consist of bracts and 4-12 stamens sitting at the base with filaments bifurcated at the top and hairy anthers. Pistillate flowers in few-flowered apical catkins sit two by two in the axils of small integumentary scales that fall off early. The ovary is bilocular, inferior, with one ovule in each ovule. The style is short with two thread-like stigmas.
The hornbeam blooms at the same time as the leaves bloom. The fruit is a single-locular, single-seeded, almost woody, ribbed nut with a leafy wrapper (plus).
About 50 species of hornbeam are known. 5 species grow wild in the CIS. The most important is the common hornbeam.
Hazel is a favorite hazelnut that can grow not only in forests and plantings, but also in the garden. Its most famous form has larger fruits and is called hazelnut. It was obtained by crossing different types of hazel, of which there are about 20 in total. That is, hazelnuts are the same hazelnut, only cultivated. It has a hundred different varieties with large fruits that differ in taste or fat content.
In the process of working on the optimal forms of cultivated hazel, an excellent rootstock was found, which gives the bush varieties several valuable qualities at once. This rootstock is bear nut - a powerful tree of the Hazel genus, which lives up to 300 years and grows up to 30 m in height. Despite the good taste, its fruits are not of high value due to their small size and very hard shell. Bear nut is also called tree hazel or Turkish hazel. It is a well-compatible rootstock for hazelnuts, but different experts have different opinions about the graft survival rate. Some argue that it strives for 100%, others say 20-50%. Most likely this is not due to the rootstock, but to the capriciousness of the hazel itself, which is considered a “difficult” plant.
Valuable qualities transmitted to hazel by bear nut
- Increased winter hardiness. The bear nut rootstock makes cultivated hazel more resistant to frost, which allows it to be grown in fairly harsh winter conditions. This is a very valuable quality.
- Arborescence. Most varieties and types of hazel are shrubs that are inferior to trees in certain parameters. It is more convenient and profitable to grow hazelnuts on a tree-like rootstock (on a trunk), which has a more powerful root system and, accordingly, better nourishes the plant. Such trees are easier to care for and collect fruits. They are suitable for mechanized harvesting, irrigation and other planned treatments that are carried out in industrial farms using machinery.
- Precociousness. A variety grafted onto a bear nut produces the first harvest in the second year. For comparison: with vegetative propagation without grafting hazel onto a bear nut, most varieties begin to bear fruit only in the fourth or fifth year after planting.
- Increased productivity. Cultivated hazel varieties grafted onto bear nuts produce larger fruits and higher yields. This is due to the fact that the taproot of the rootstock is much more powerful, it goes into the deeper layers of the soil and better nourishes the plant. Such a tree is not afraid of droughts, which often occur during the fruiting period. As a result, thanks to the powerful root system, grafted hazelnuts can yield twice as much yield as ungrafted hazelnuts. At the same time, the quality of such fruits is also higher - these are full-fledged large nuts.
- Lack of growth. Bear nut does not sprout, which saves the gardener from unnecessary work. Compared to a vegetatively propagated bush, caring for a grafted nut is simplified.
- Longer lifespan. Since the Turkish walnut is a real long-liver, this is transmitted to the grafted plant - in this tandem, the life of the varietal scion increases.
- Possibility to use the space under the tree. You can't plant anything under a bush, which can't be said about a tree. If you grow hazelnuts on a personal plot (where every centimeter is often important), then the area under the walnut tree can be used for planting other crops.
How to graft hazel onto a bear nut?
You can create a more productive and hardy tree of any type of hazel with your own hands. Let's look at how to do this.
When can you get vaccinated?
Winter-spring grafting of hazel onto bear nut
You can graft hazel onto bear nut in the winter-spring period indoors or in a greenhouse. In late autumn, the rootstock bushes are dug up and stored in a basement or cellar, where the temperature is maintained at about zero degrees. At the end of February/beginning of March, they are taken to a place at room temperature, the root system is washed and placed in damp steamed sawdust for 10 days. This is necessary for the rootstock to wake up. Before laying in sawdust, the roots can be trimmed a little for convenience.
Scion cuttings are stored in the refrigerator on the bottom shelf or in the cellar, pre-wrapped in plastic. They can be harvested in November-December. At the time of grafting, the scion must remain dormant; it cannot be awakened - survival rate directly depends on this.
A sign that the rootstock has woken up are buds that begin to swell or sprout. This means that vaccination can begin. After grafting is completed, the seedlings are placed in damp sawdust and left for 2-3 weeks in a room with a temperature of up to 12 degrees, maintaining humidity by periodically spraying water. This is a period of stratification during which the vaccinations must take root. When spring comes into force, positive temperatures are established and there are no more return frosts, the seedlings can be planted in a permanent place. They are also planted in closed pots for subsequent sale or transportation and planting at another time (by the fall these will already be full-fledged seedlings).
Spring grafting of hazel onto bear nut
This is the optimal time for vaccination. Cuttings should be harvested in November-December or at the end of March before the buds awaken. You can store them in a cellar or in a pile under the snow. Vaccination should be done during the active phase of sap flow. In this case, it is desirable that there is no longer a risk of frost. In the southern regions, this may be March-April, and with movement to the north, the vaccination time needs to be shifted to April-May. The main thing is that the scion has dormant buds. If they awaken, the grafting may fail (before complete fusion, the cuttings may run out of plastic substances).
Summer grafting of hazel onto bear nut
In summer you can also successfully graft hazel. This is usually done during the period of increased movement of juice in the rootstock - in the second half of July/early August. Scion cuttings are cut either immediately before grafting or a maximum of 24 hours before it. In the second case, they need to be wrapped in a damp cloth, and then wrapped in polyethylene and placed in a cool place. In summer they also do budding with a sleeping eye. Grafting with cuttings into the crown is practiced mainly in regions with a not very harsh climate, where it not only has time to take root, but also to produce small shoots. In harsh winters, they run the risk of being damaged by frost.
How can you graft hazel onto a bear nut?
- Improved copulation. This method is known as one of the most effective. After it, the survival rate is very high, which is due to the close contact of the grafted parts and the large contact area (due to the tongue). Improved copulation can be done at any time of the year.
- Vaccination for bark Made in the spring, it has the highest survival rate on hazel. At this time, the bark is well separated, which allows this fairly simple grafting to be successfully carried out. This method is accessible even to a beginner who has never vaccinated anything.
- Vaccination in butt This method is also quite simple. But the percentage of successful survival is inferior to improved copulation. Basically, it is done well by experienced gardeners who have a “trained eye” and a “tough hand” - they make correct, maximally matching cuts and wrap them tightly. Grafting into the butt takes root well if all conditions are met - correct technique, good sap flow and optimal environmental conditions.
- Budding.This is an eye or bud grafting, which is carried out in the spring (germinating eye) and summer (dormant eye). The peculiarities of hazel budding are that before cutting the scion bud from the cutting, the natural pubescence must be removed in this place. It should not get into the open part of the graft (into the T-shaped cut). The ingress of lint can ruin everything, creating an obstacle to successful fusion. You can increase the chances of survival very simply: by doing 2-3 buddings at once.
After grafting, the scion cuttings need to be trimmed, leaving 2-3 buds - this is the optimal amount for successful fusion and further development of the tree. It is advisable to put paper or polyethylene bags on the grafted cuttings, making sure to secure them. They will protect the grafts from moisture evaporation and direct rays of the sun. It is also advisable to protect the budding sites in this way.
The height at which the grafting is done (also known as the height of the trunk) can be from 1 to 1.5 m. After grafting, all germinating buds of the rootstock must be removed so that the tree does not waste energy in vain and this does not harm the fusion of the scion and rootstock. And the cuts and all open areas should be covered with garden varnish.
Life hack for better survival rate of hazel grafts on bear nuts
This life hack is suitable for winter and spring grafting, which can be carried out on rootstocks, both with open and closed root systems (in containers or lumps of earth). This method is used in industrial settings, but it can also be used on a small number of grafts.
The life hack is called “fusion in a heated pipe.” With its help, conditions are created in which callus grows faster, which significantly increases survival rate. The grafted plants are placed in a polypropylene (modern sewer) pipe - the place where the graft is located. Air heated to 20-25 degrees is supplied through it, which promotes better fusion of the grafted parts. The remaining parts of the tree are kept at a cool temperature in a greenhouse or some room (10-12 degrees). As a result, thanks to this they do not dry out, and the graft grows together more intensively.
The seedlings are placed in the slot of the pipe, after which it is wrapped with some material so that the lower and upper parts of the tree stick out from opposite sides. To prevent the scion part from drying out, it is covered with heated garden pitch. The air in the pipe can be heated using a heating element (cable) stretched through it or by supplying heated air from a furnace/boiler. Within three weeks, the grafts are completely fused, giving the highest possible survival rate.
In the future, caring for the standard cultivated hazel tree consists of proper pruning and treatment against pests and diseases (if necessary).
In general, it is considered one of the most unpretentious plants that produce very valuable and tasty fruits. They even write that growing it for sale can be classified as a type of passive income. As the Italians say, this is “a tree for the lazy”, because it requires a minimum of care. By the way, not everyone still knows that the popular and expensive hazelnuts can be grown on your own plot without any problems. This makes it possible to grow it not only for your own needs, but also for sale. Such a business can really become a source of good income, because hazelnuts are always in price. Try this and see for yourself!
Thank you
The site provides reference information for informational purposes only. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases must be carried out under the supervision of a specialist. All drugs have contraindications. Consultation with a specialist is required!
Who among us does not love to eat delicious hazelnuts collected from a tree called hazel. And while many people are more or less aware of the beneficial properties of hazelnuts, we know quite little about the medicinal properties of the bark, leaves and other parts of this plant. Well, it’s time to fill this gap, and this article will help with this.Description of the hazel plant (hazel)
Hazel (popularly called hazel) belongs to the Birch family. This tree-shrub is rightfully considered a long-liver, since its “life” is about 80 years.The plant received its name for the shape of the foliage (hazel leaves are quite large and broadly oval), reminiscent of bream fish in appearance, while the upper surface of the leaves is dark green in color, and the lower surface is light green.
What does it look like?
Hazel can reach a height of 3–7 m. The slightly pubescent leaves of the plant have a heart-shaped base and a pointed apex.Hazel branches are covered with brown bark with white lentils. Young shoots are distinguished by their gray color and the presence of an edge.
The flowers of the plant are unisexual: for example, male flowers have the shape of earrings located on short branches, while female flowers are more like buds.
The fruit of the hazel tree is a brownish-yellow edible nut, enclosed in a leaf wrapper - a plus, resembling a bell in appearance.
Where does it grow?
Hazel is widespread in the European part of Russia, the Baltic states, Ukraine and Belarus, the Caucasus and the Far East.This plant prefers fresh, moist and fertile soils of broad-leaved and mixed forests. In addition, you can find hazel on forest edges, along ravines and among bushes, where the plant can form quite dense thickets.
Hazel and hazelnut
Hazelnuts and hazelnuts are often considered to be the same crops, but this is not entirely true, despite the fact that these plants belong to the same genus and family and have similar appearance, composition and properties. Hazelnut (or hazelnut) is a cultivated type of hazel. These are high-yielding, and most importantly, selected forms of hazel, and initially the fruits of large hazel (Corylus maxima L) were called hazelnuts, while today, using a selective method, hazelnuts are obtained from common hazel, common in Russia.
How is hazel different from hazelnut?
The main difference between hazelnuts and hazelnuts is that the fruits of the former are three to four times larger.In addition, in terms of taste and nutritional characteristics, hazelnuts are superior to hazel because they contain more fat, protein, and other beneficial substances.
Hazel and hazelnut: how to choose - video
Hazel varieties
The genus of hazel includes about 20 species, but at our latitudes, it is predominantly common hazel that grows wild. To be fair, we note that there are also other separate populations, among which the most common are large, tree-like, variegated and Manchurian hazel.Large hazel (purpurea)
Hazel purpurea (or Lombard nut) is a large shrub whose height can reach 10 meters. Large hazel has gray branches and round or broadly oval jagged leaves of green or dark red color. The fruits of large hazel (namely hazelnuts) are crowded together in 3–6 pieces on a stalk, the length of which is 2–3 cm. The fruit wrapper, which tightly fits the kernel in the lower part, is distinguished by its fleshiness. The length of the hazelnut itself reaches 2 – 2.5 cm with a diameter of 1.5 cm.
The fruits of hazel purpurea are distinguished by high taste and nutritional qualities, as they contain about 60 percent fat and 15 percent proteins (large hazel nuts taste like almonds).
In the wild, this plant is found in Asia Minor, Turkey, Italy, and also in the Balkans.
Tree hazel (bear nut)
This is the tallest variety of hazel, reaching a height of 25–30 m. This tree, despite its width (from 6 to 8 m), has a slender trunk, which is crowned by a wide pyramidal crown of regular shape. In autumn, bear nut leaves turn golden yellow or green-yellow. The bark of the tree has a whitish-gray tint and comes off in plates.
The fruits of this plant have an involucre cut into thin but sharp jagged lobes. The nut shell is quite thick.
There are bear nut trees whose age exceeds 200 years.
It grows wild in Transcaucasia, Asia Minor and the Balkans.
Variegated hazel
This is a shrub whose height reaches 2–3 m, with a large number of strong shoots extending upward from the base of the bush. Variegated hazel has a very dense and widely spreading crown.
The brown bark of the plant is dotted with densely pubescent young shoots.
The leaves of this type of hazel are distinguished by a reddish color during blooming, in the summer they acquire a dark green hue, and in the fall they become golden-orange or golden-yellow. There are three teeth at the top of the leaf.
The rounded fruits of variegated hazel are flattened on top and are no more than two centimeters in diameter. Nuts are distinguished by high taste, although they are inferior to common hazel in the amount of oils and other nutrients they contain.
Variegated hazel not only tolerates drought well, but is also highly frost-resistant.
This plant can be found in Eastern Siberia, the Far East and East Asia.
Manchurian hazel
It is a shrub about 3–4.5 m high, most often forming several branching trunks. Manchurian hazel has fissured dark gray bark.
Young shoots of the plant are softly pubescent and glandular.
The main distinctive morphological feature of this type of hazel is the presence of oblong leaves.
The fruit of Manchurian hazel is an oblong nut, covered in a thin shell. Small-sized nuts collected from this type of hazel are edible, but due to the prickly, thorn-like wrapper, collecting and removing them from the shell is difficult.
Manchurian hazel is a frost-resistant and shade-tolerant plant, which in nature is widespread in the Khabarovsk and Primorsky territories, in China (namely in Manchuria) and Korea.
Common hazel
This is a vertical multi-stemmed shrub, the height and width of the crown are 4 and 6 m, respectively. The brownish-gray bark of the shrub has striped transverse excisions. The brownish-gray shoots of common hazel are pubescent.
The length of the leaves is 6–12 cm, and the width is 5–9 cm, while the apex of the leaves is pointed.
Fruits can be located singly, or they can be clustered in groups of 2–5 pieces. The light green bell-shaped wrapper of the fruit has a velvety structure and consists of two irregularly dissected leaves.
The nut itself can have a spherical or slightly elongated shape, reaching a length of 18 mm (the diameter of the nut varies between 13 - 15 mm).
In the wild, this type of hazel is found throughout the European part of Russia, in the Crimea, the Caucasus and Western Europe.
As mentioned above, it is common hazel that is most common in Russia, and, therefore, is used in official and folk medicine. It is this type of hazel that will be discussed later in this article.
Collection and preparation of hazel
Where to collect?
It is recommended to collect hazel in those steppe and forest-steppe zones that are far from roads and industrial production, that is, in ecologically clean areas. Such raw materials will be as beneficial as possible for the body (this is especially true in cases where it is planned to use not only nuts, but also other parts of the plant as medicinal raw materials).When does hazel ripen?
Hazel blooms in March - April (until the leaves bloom), while the fruits ripen from late summer to early autumn, that is, from August to September.Signs of nut ripeness:
1.
Yellowing and browning of the shell.
2.
The beginning of shedding of nuts.
When to collect hazel?
Harvesting of young hazel leaves is carried out in May.The bark is harvested in early spring and early summer during sap flow, for which branches that are to be removed are used.
The fruits are collected from August to September - October (it all depends on the degree of ripeness of the nuts).
The ripeness of the fruit is indicated by the ease of separation of the kernel from the leaf-shaped wrapper.
How to dry?
The collected raw materials (bark, leaves, and hazel fruits) are dried in the fresh air under canopies, in the attic, or in a dry but ventilated room.Slightly dried nuts are removed from their wrappers, after which they are finally dried so that their moisture content is no more than 12 percent. You can achieve such humidity at home by drying the raw materials for one to two weeks, while the nuts must be spread in a thin layer.
Ripe hazel fruits can be dried using dryers or ovens, the temperature in which should be 60 - 70 degrees.
If the fruits are collected unripe, it is necessary to form small piles of them and leave them to dry in a dry room. After the tannins oxidize, the nutshells will turn brown. Now the ripened nuts can be separated from the wrappers and dried in the manner described above for long-term storage.
How to store hazel?
The fruits and leaves of hazel retain their beneficial properties for one year, while the bark lasts for two years.In-shell nuts are stored in a cool, dark place, while shelled kernels are best stored in an airtight container in the refrigerator.
Leaf bark is stored in paper bags.
Composition and properties of common hazel
SquirrelsAction:
- participation in the process of building muscle mass;
- regulation of hormonal levels;
- transportation of hemoglobin;
- strengthening immunity;
- improvement of erectile function;
- promoting insulin synthesis.
Action:
- regulation of metabolic processes;
- formation and restoration of tissues, as well as body cells;
- elimination of foci of inflammation;
- promoting wound healing;
- neutralization of the negative effects of carcinogens.
Action:
- providing the body with energy;
- normalization of the metabolic process;
- normalization of blood sugar levels;
- increasing the body's defenses;
- prevention of fat deposition in liver cells.
Action:
- normalization of the functions of the cardiovascular system;
- mitigation and elimination of cough;
- increased separation of both mucus and sputum from the bronchi;
- improvement of gastrointestinal tract functions;
- elimination of inflammation.
Action:
- promote increased urine excretion;
- dilate blood vessels;
- normalize heart function;
- neutralize microbes;
- accelerate wound healing;
- promote the removal of sputum;
- calm the nervous system.
It is a powerful immunosuppressant, which in small quantities benefits the body, but in large quantities it is harmful, reducing immunity, destroying teeth, and promoting obesity.
Tannin
Action:
- relieves inflammation;
- reduces the secretory function of the gastrointestinal tract;
- promotes digestion;
- neutralizes the symptoms of poisoning;
- accelerates wound healing.
Action:
- restores lipid levels;
- normalizes metabolism;
- prevents the development of heart diseases;
- prevents the formation of atherosclerotic plaques;
- lowers cholesterol levels;
- normalizes liver function;
- increases insulin absorption.
Action:
- strengthening blood vessels;
- calming the nervous system;
- relieving inflammation;
- increased bile excretion;
- prevention of tumor formation.
Action:
- relieve pain;
- lower blood pressure levels;
- normalize the blood circulation process;
- help accelerate blood clotting;
- regulate the functioning of the central nervous system.
Action:
- reduce stomach acidity;
- normalize carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism;
- strengthen blood vessels;
- normalize digestion;
- prevent the deposition of salts directly in the joints;
- promote the formation of red blood cells.
Action: - decrease in uric acid concentration;
- increasing the degree of capillary permeability;
- removal of toxins;
- strengthening the immune system;
- promoting bone tissue formation;
- prevention of the development of malignant tumors.
Vitamin E
Action:
- helps maintain calcium in the body;
- optimizes metabolic intracellular processes;
- removes toxins;
- normalizes the functioning of the reproductive system;
- regulates the biosynthesis of RNA and proteins.
Action:
- provides the body with calcium and phosphorus, without which normal formation of the bone skeleton is impossible;
- controls the processes of collagen formation;
- promotes the maturation of cartilage tissue, as well as bone mineralization;
- strengthens the immune system;
- regulates autoimmune processes.
Action:
- normalize hematopoietic processes;
- participate in the formation and restoration of body tissues;
- normalize acid-base balance;
- normalize water metabolism;
- strengthen the immune system;
- removes waste and toxins.
B vitamins
Action:
- normalize metabolic processes (carbohydrate, protein, fat);
- stimulate nervous and muscle activity;
- normalize digestion;
- relieve muscle weakness and pain in the legs;
- promote concentration;
- improve vision;
- promote energy production;
- normalize the functioning of the nervous system;
- participate in the process of hematopoiesis.
Properties of hazel
- Astringent.
- Antipyretic.
- Vasodilator.
- General strengthening.
- Stimulating.
- Laxative.
- Immunomodulatory.
- Anti-inflammatory.
- Antihelminthic.
- Antidysenteric.
Useful properties of hazel nuts
Hazel nuts are a rich source of B vitamins and other beneficial biologically active substances, including fatty oils, mineral salts, saturated and unsaturated acids. Nuts have a high degree of digestibility and balance of amino acids included in their composition. It should be noted that, according to their biological properties, hazel nuts are classified as complete proteins, which can serve as a significant addition to the protein component of the diet.
Important! For maximum quality protein absorption, it is recommended to eat nuts separately from other foods (nuts can be combined with fruits).
Hazel nuts contain potassium, iron and cobalt, and it is these minerals that are responsible for the restoration of muscle tissue after intense physical activity.
In terms of nutritional value, the kernels of such nuts are close to fatty pork.
It is recommended to include nuts in the diet of people suffering from vascular atherosclerosis, as well as arterial hypertension. The benefits of nuts for pregnant women are also undeniable, since hazel fruits help increase lactation.
Hazel nuts contain paclitaxel, which is an anticancer substance, the use of which is indicated for ovarian, esophageal and breast cancer, leukemia and Kaposi's sarcoma.
Nuts ground with water have long been used to treat:
- kidney stones and urolithiasis;
- flatulence;
- hemoptysis;
- fever.
Despite the high calorie content, hazel nuts are recommended for people who want to lose weight, but moderation should be remembered. Thus, in small quantities, healthy fats contained in hazelnuts help speed up the fat burning process. Moreover, a small handful of nuts will increase the feeling of fullness, which will help get rid of such problems as overeating. The norm recommended by nutritionists is 25 g of nuts as a snack.
Hazel nuts contain a fairly small amount of carbohydrates, so they can be consumed by people suffering from diabetes.
Hazel nuts are also very useful for children, as they help strengthen the immune system and stimulate development.
Nuts and milk for coughs, bronchitis, pleurisy and pneumonia
A handful of chopped nuts is ground using a coffee grinder and then mixed with a glass of hot milk. The drug is taken one-fourth in a heated form three times a day, between meals.
Nuts and honey for hypovitaminosis, anemia, dystrophy and loss of strength
To prepare the product, nut kernels and honey are taken in equal quantities. The nuts are ground and mixed with honey. The resulting mixture is taken one tablespoon three times a day, between meals.
Nuts with egg white for burns
Ripe nut kernels are ground to a powder and then mixed with one fresh chicken egg white. The resulting mass is applied to the burned areas of the skin two to three times a day.
The benefits and harms of hazel
The benefits of hazel
1. Improving intestinal function by stimulating its motor function.2. Promoting the dissolution of kidney stones.
3. Strengthening the immune system.
4. Increased lactation.
5. Acceleration of wound healing.
6. Relieving fever.
7. Increased appetite.
8. Increased venous tone.
9. Reduced capillary permeability.
10. Prevention of the formation of cholesterol plaques.
11. Normalization of the reproductive function of the body.
12. Providing the body with energy.
13. Restoring strength after intense physical and mental stress.
14. Normalization of metabolic processes.
15. Slowing down the aging process.
16. Improved blood circulation.
17. Cleansing the liver of waste and toxins.
18. Normalization of the gastrointestinal tract.
19. Prevention of the development of cardiovascular diseases.
Hazel (especially nuts) is very rich in calcium, which makes this plant a kind of “substitute” for dairy products. At the same time, the calcium contained in hazel is perfectly absorbed.
Harm of hazel
It is not recommended to consume hazel nuts if you have kidney and liver diseases. You should also exclude nuts from your diet if there is an exacerbation of gallbladder diseases, since it will be extremely difficult for the body to digest them.In addition, nut kernels can provoke an exacerbation of skin diseases in general, and neurodermatitis in particular.
An infusion of hazel leaves and bark helps to increase blood pressure, so it is not advisable for hypertensive patients to drink it.
Treatment using hazel
Preparations with common hazel are indicated for the following pathologies:
- anemia;
- lung diseases;
- fever;
- hemoptysis;
- malaria;
- prostate enlargement;
- sluggish intestinal motility;
- phlebeurysm;
- colitis;
- "lazy" stomach syndrome;
- trophic ulcers;
- thrombophlebitis;
- capillary hemorrhage;
- epilepsy;
- haemorrhoids;
- ascariasis;
- group B hypovitaminosis;
- metrorrhagia;
- cough;
- pneumonia;
- flatulence;
- burns;
- hypertension;
- diabetes;
- inflammation of the genitourinary system.
Leaves
The leaves of the plant are used as an antiseptic and anti-inflammatory agent for gargling, treating hemorrhoids and skin diseases, anemia and varicose veins.Bark
Preparations based on hazel bark are used for malaria, ascariasis, epilepsy, leg ulcers, prostate hypertrophy, capillaryhemorrhages and periphlebitis. In the form of a patch, hazel bark can be used for tumors.
Fruit
The fruits accelerate the process of dissolving stones in urolithiasis, prevent and neutralize the accumulation of gases in the intestines, and promote the removal of phlegm from the lungs and bronchi.Powder from dry plusa (or a decoction of the shell and plusa) is indicated for colitis.
Flowers
An ointment or infusion of hazel flowers helps heal trophic ulcers and eliminate the manifestations of varicose veins.Roots
An infusion of hazel roots helps cure malaria. To prepare it, add 200 ml of boiling water to 20 g of crushed bark. The product infused for five hours is filtered and drunk a quarter glass four times a day.Hazel seeds
Hazel seeds contain a large amount of fatty oil (up to 70 percent), which is very easily absorbed by the body.The seeds are used as a means to stimulate the production of breast milk. Also, this part of the plant helps to dissolve stones, get rid of flatulence, relieve fever, and alleviate fever.
A mixture of hazel seeds and egg white will help heal burns.
Wood
The liquid obtained during the dry distillation of wood is used for various skin diseases, including eczema, neurodermatitis, streptoderma, psoriasis, and athlete's foot.Use of common hazel in medicine
Decoction of leaves
A decoction of the bark and leaves of the plant is indicated for enlarged prostate glands. Compresses and lotions from the aerial parts of hazel promote wound healing.To prepare the decoction, a tablespoon of crushed dry hazel leaves and bark is poured with 300 ml of boiling water and placed in a water bath for 15 - 20 minutes. The strained and decoction is taken half a glass three times a day.
An antiseptic, vasodilator and anti-inflammatory decoction can be prepared in a similar way exclusively from the bark of the plant.
Hazel tea
Hazel leaves can be brewed like regular tea, for which one tablespoon of the raw material is poured with boiling water, infused for 10 minutes, filtered and drunk as a general tonic and immunomodulatory agent. If desired, you can add sugar to this tea to taste.Hazel infusion
An infusion of the bark will help cope with varicose veins and capillary hemorrhages. An infusion taken orally will relieve fever and inflammation.2 tbsp. hazel bark pour 500 ml of boiling water and leave to infuse overnight in a hermetically sealed container. In the morning, the infusion is filtered and taken one day 15 minutes before meals.
Instead of bark, you can steam hazel leaves in the same way.
Tincture
A tincture of leaves will help alleviate diseases such as prostatitis, prostate adenoma, varicose veins and thrombophlebitis.To prepare the tincture, 3 tbsp. fresh leaves of the plant are poured into a glass of vodka, after which the product is infused in a warm place for two weeks. The strained tincture is taken 40 drops twice a day.
Hazel cream
Face cream, one of the ingredients of which is hazel twigs, perfectly cleanses, strengthens and tones the skin, relieves inflammation and redness. The recipe for the cream below is suitable for any skin type and can be used daily.Cream ingredients:
- baby oil (preferably without aromatic fragrances) – 4 tbsp;
- coconut oil (can be replaced with corn, olive or any other kernel oil) – 2 tbsp;
- emulsifying wax – 1 tbsp;
- powdered boric acid (or borax) - one-fourth tablespoon;
- boiled water – 2 tbsp;
- decoction of hazel branches – 1 tbsp.
Ointment with hazel
Hazel-based ointment will help heal varicose veins and trophic ulcers.To prepare the ointment, you will need hazel catkins, which are collected in clear and dry weather.
One glass of earrings is mixed with 150 ml of oil made from hazel nuts, after which the resulting mixture is simmered in a water bath for three hours.
The mixture removed from the bath is squeezed out and then heated again using a water bath (it is important not to bring the mixture to a boil). A fifth of a glass of melted, and, most importantly, natural beeswax is added to the warm mixture. All ingredients are thoroughly mixed, and then the mixture is filtered again. The resulting mass is poured into a jar and cooled.
This ointment is used to lubricate diseased veins daily, while bandages with the prepared product are applied to trophic ulcers.
It should be noted that the recipe for hazel ointment given above will also speed up the healing of hemorrhoids and help cope with prostatitis and cervical erosion (tampons soaked in ointment are used in the treatment of these diseases).
Hazelnut oil
The oil obtained from hazel kernels deserves special attention. This fatty oil has a pleasant taste and aroma, while its beneficial properties are in no way inferior to the popular almond oil. Hazelnut oil is indicated for the following diseases and conditions:
- ascariasis;
Properties of nut oil:
- astringent;
- wound healing;
- anthelmintic;
- anti-inflammatory;
- tonic;
- regenerating.
In order to improve complexion, two drops of orange or cypress essential oil are added to one teaspoon of this nut oil. A few drops of the resulting oil mixture are rubbed into the skin of the face with light massaging movements.
To get rid of acne, you will need a mixture of the following oils:
- hazelnut oil – 1 tbsp;
- eucalyptus essential oil – 5 drops;
- cypress essential oil – 2 drops;
- sage essential oil – 3 drops.
A mixture of the following oils will help eliminate vascular patterns on the face:
- hazelnut oil – 1 tsp;
- lemon essential oil – 3 drops;
- cypress essential oil – 3 drops.
Hazelnut oil will help relieve tired legs; for this you should prepare a mixture of the following ingredients:
- hazelnut oil – 4 parts;
- sesame oil – 2 parts;
- calendula oil – 1 part;
- St. John's wort oil – 1 part.
Hazel for prostatitis
Due to its anti-inflammatory and strengthening properties, hazel is used in the treatment of prostatitis, the presence of which is indicated by the following symptoms: - hot palms;
- sudden change of mood;
- swelling of the glands under the arms;
- bad breath.
It must be said that the activity of sexual function reaches its apogee in the period from 19 to 21 hours. It is at this time that sexual function is best treated.
Collection for prostatitis with hazel
Components:
- steelberry root – 15 g;
- eryngium - 10 g;
- hazel bark – 15 g;
- Dubrovnik – 10 g;
- horsetail – 10 g;
- kupena officinalis leaves – 10 g;
- Umbrella wintergreen – 8 g.
You can limit yourself to a decoction of hazel nut shells. So, shells from one kilogram of nuts are poured into 1.5 liters of boiling water and simmered over low heat until the volume of the broth is reduced to one liter, after which the product is removed from the heat, cooled and filtered. Store the decoction in the refrigerator, and take 2 tbsp. no more than four times a day, 20 minutes before meals. The course of treatment with this remedy is two months, after which a break is taken for one month (if necessary, the two-month course can be repeated).
Hazel leaves for prostatitis
Hazel leaves, from which the infusion is prepared, will also help cope with prostatitis.2 tbsp. hazel leaves (you can use both fresh and dried raw materials) are poured with a glass of boiling water, infused until cool, filtered and drunk in two doses.
You can also arrange steam baths, for which you will need several fresh hazel sprigs. The leaves, plucked from the branches, are filled with water and brought to a boil (1 liter of water is used for 10 tablespoons of raw materials). After 20 minutes of boiling, the broth is removed from the heat and infused until it acquires a red-brown hue. The resulting product is poured into a bowl, over which steam baths will be taken. After 2–3 weeks of such procedures, prostatitis will stop bothering you.
Hazel for varicose veins
It is known that the volatile oil contained in the bark of hazel branches narrows the dilated walls of blood vessels, so this plant has been used for centuries in the treatment of varicose veins. It should be remembered that the treatment will be quite long, and therefore you should not expect instant results.Compresses are made from finely chopped hazel bark, which are applied daily to diseased veins for seven days. Then a break is taken for three months, after which the course is repeated again. It is recommended to conduct such courses three times a year.
The kernels of hazel nuts, four in number, are fried in a dry frying pan and well crushed to help heal trophic ulcers and severe varicose veins. The kernels are then mixed with the whites of two hard-boiled chicken eggs. The yolks should be dried in a dry hot frying pan and also crushed into powder. Now the yolks are mixed with nuts (the resulting product is thoroughly ground with a wooden mortar). Add 0.5 tsp to the resulting mass. iodoform powder, after which the product is applied in a thin layer to the affected areas for one hour, after which the affected areas are covered with sterile napkins, on which bandages are applied for two days. This treatment is carried out every two days, and before applying the product, the ulcers should be treated with hydrogen peroxide.
Contraindications
Hazel-based preparations are contraindicated for:- individual intolerance;
- psoriasis;
- tendency to increase blood pressure.
Recipes with hazel
Infusion for removing sand from the bladder
Pour 500 ml of boiling water over young (not yet formed) hazel leaves in the amount of two tablespoons and leave to infuse for 12 hours (it is advisable to prepare the infusion in a thermos). The strained infusion is taken daily for a month, 80 ml before each meal.Medical journalist
