The best time to sow pepper seeds for seedlings. How and when to plant pepper seeds for seedlings. Timing of emergence

Planting a particular plant in the garden should begin with planning. This is due to the fact that obtaining a good harvest depends not only on providing optimal conditions for growing the crop, but also on the correctly chosen planting period. This also applies to such a useful garden crop as pepper. More information about when to sow pepper seedlings in February will be discussed in this article.

The waxing Moon phase is considered the most suitable and necessary phase for gardeners, because it is recommended to plant crops growing above ground level on these days. Let us immediately note that sowing seeds can begin as early as February. Only maintaining the optimal temperature in combination with regular irrigation will allow you to get plump and strong sprouts.

The most suitable days in February for sowing peppers include:

• The 14th of February– for sowing varieties of sweet pepper;
• February 16– for sowing sweet and bitter peppers;
• February 23– for sowing sweet peppers. This date is considered the most favorable for obtaining a rich pepper harvest in 2-3 months.

It is believed that the most unfavorable time period for this crop is February 17-22. During this period, the waning moon phase begins. At a minimum, you will waste your time and effort, so it is recommended to wait the right time for sowing seeds. Moreover, this is only a few days, so you better be patient.

For selection suitable variety You must first decide on the desired result and what you want to grow. If your goal is large pepper fruits with tender and thick flesh, then varieties such as “ California miracle", "Winnie the Pooh" and others. If you are growing peppers for canning, then it is better to sow “Topolin” or “Merchant”.

On a note! Always read the information on the seed packaging and pay attention to the expiration date. It is advisable to choose the freshest possible, otherwise the seedlings, despite proper care, will grow weak and frail.

To check quality seed material you need to pour the seeds with a warm saline solution (1/2 teaspoon of salt per 200 g of water). After mixing thoroughly, wait 5-7 minutes: if the seeds float to the surface, they are unsuitable for planting. Leave only the sunken pepper seeds.

Growing pepper seedlings

This process is a bit like planting and caring for tomatoes, because these crops have one common feature– they belong to the Solanaceae family. The plant does not require special care, so even a novice gardener can cope with cultivation. Of course, there are still certain nuances in this matter that need to be taken into account. It's about on the preparation of seeds and soil, proper watering, transplanting into open ground and so on. Let's consider each stage separately.

Seed preparation

Having decided on the type of pepper, place the seeds on a piece of paper for inspection. Any damaged or insufficiently large seeds should be removed. For sowing, leave only high-quality, full-weight material. Then treat the seeds with a solution of potassium permanganate to prevent fungal diseases. Of course, store-bought preparations can also be used instead of potassium permanganate, but experienced summer residents prefer this old, proven method.

After you disinfect the seeds in the solution, you need to soak the material for a day in warm water, after spreading them in gauze and folding them in half. Gauze is required so that after soaking the seeds can be collected without problems. Otherwise, you will have to fish them out one at a time with tweezers.

Soil preparation

After leaving the seeds in water for germination, you can begin preparing the soil mixture for seedlings. You don't have to worry and buy ready mixture in the store, mixing it with a small amount washed and sifted sand.

But you can use your own soil mixture. To do this, mix washed sand with peat in equal proportions. Don't forget to also add some humus. The resulting mixture must be sifted and calcined in a double boiler or oven for 40 minutes. This will disinfect the soil and protect future seedlings from weeds and various diseases.

Sowing

This process is actually simple and is not much different from sowing other garden plants. But at the same time, you should follow the clear instructions presented below.

Table. Sowing pepper seeds with boiling water.

Steps, photo	Description of actions
	Fill the container with soil mixture. At the same time, fill it approximately 80%. Be sure to make small holes in the bottom of the container.
	Place the pepper seeds in your palm for convenience. If you decide to sow the seeds directly from the pack without pre-soaking, then you will not need to collect them from the gauze with tweezers. Simply open the package and pour the contents into your hand.
	Distribute all the seeds evenly over the surface of the soil and lightly compact them with your fingers or palm. Since this instruction describes a method for planting pepper seedlings with boiling water, there is no need to cover the seeds with a layer of soil.
	Carefully pour boiling water over the seeds, being careful not to miss a single section. You can water directly from the kettle. Do not pour too much boiling water so that the soil does not become waterlogged.
	Close the container tightly with the lid. If you don't have it, use cling film. Cover immediately after watering with boiling water. After this, you will see steam emanating from the ground. Move the container to a warm place.
	After 5-6 days you will be able to see the first shoots of pepper. Sprinkle them with a small amount of soil, and after 1.5 weeks the seedlings will be ready for transplanting.

Aftercare

Recommended temperature regime which must be observed before emergence - +25-27°C. After 4 days from the moment of sowing, the soil should be sprinkled with water from a spray bottle. As noted earlier, after about 6 days the first shoots will appear. When they appear, the container must be moved to a cooler place, first removing the lid or polyethylene. Now the temperature needs to be lowered to +22-24°C.

For the seeding container, you need to find the brightest place in the house, and the seedlings should be regularly rotated relative to the light source. As a rule, you need to rotate the container at least 2 times a week. Use .

Important! Protect seedlings of young peppers from drafts, as they have a negative effect on the plant.

After 20-27 days from the moment of germination, real leaves should grow. During this period, watering should be carried out no more than once a week, and the first watering should be carried out only a week after the sprouts appear. The soil should be kept fairly moist during the growing process, so water the plants regularly. To do this use warm water(not lower than +25°C). Otherwise, you risk exposing the plant to blackleg infection. Experienced gardeners recommend watering seedlings with settled water, but this is not necessary.

Picking

For those who don’t know, seedling picking is the process of planting seedlings in individual containers or other containers. This accelerates the growth of the root system, which is associated with the appearance of adventitious and lateral roots. You need to start picking when the plant is at the 2-leaf stage. Thus, it will be much easier to replant the plants, because they are already quite large compared to the cotyledon leaf phase. But just as in the case of sowing, picking is carried out taking into account certain features.

Approximately 2-3 hours before the start of the process, the plants must be watered abundantly, because picking from dry soil is highly not recommended. After waiting for the excess water to drain from the containers, you can begin. For picking they are most often taken plastic cups, but instead of them you can take peat ones - they will cost an order of magnitude more, but the benefits from them are much greater.

Pour some of the soil mixture you used to sow the seeds into each cup. Sprinkle the soil with a weak solution of potassium permanganate, and make small holes in the middle of the container to suit the size of the root system of the seedlings. When picking, try not to damage the plants, so seedlings must be picked up by the “ears”. After placing the pepper in the prepared hole, carefully sprinkle it with soil and lightly compact the soil. The root collar should be buried 5 mm into the ground. Water each seedling with water, holding it gently with your fingers. After all the liquid has been absorbed, you can add a little soil.

Pests and diseases

Most often, peppers suffer from thrips (small insects that attack plant leaves). Even if you grow seedlings at home, this does not protect them from pest attacks. To combat thrips, you need to prepare an infusion of tobacco, which you later spray the seedlings with from a spray bottle. Among all the home remedies for cleaning pepper, this one is considered the most effective. To prepare the infusion, you need to pour 5 liters of water into 500 g of tobacco and cook the product over low heat for 20-30 minutes. If you have few plants, you can reduce the amount of ingredients. Leave for 12 hours, after which the infusion should be filtered through several layers of gauze and mixed with a small amount of laundry soap. The prepared product is quite poisonous, so it should be handled with care.

On a note! If you don't like folk recipes pest control products, you can buy ready-made ones in the store. The most common are “Inta-vir”, “Zircon”, “Zaslon” and others. The same applies to various pepper diseases, such as blackleg, mosaic disease, leaf mold, bronzing and late blight. To prevent these ailments, you need to regularly loosen the soil, as well as treat the plants with special preparations.

Planting pepper seedlings

When 12-17 leaves or single buds appear on the seedlings, you can begin planting in open ground. The recommended age of seedlings for planting is 50-60 days, and the height of the plant should be more than 20 cm.

If you missed the deadline for planting seedlings in the soil, then the plants will most likely get sick very often. The first ovaries, flowers and leaves on them will gradually fall off, so you need to carefully monitor the development of the peppers. In rare cases, seedlings may stop blooming after transplanting. This phenomenon is explained by a change in habitat, as a result of which the plant devotes all its energy to the development of the root part. Before planting, you need to remove the first flowers on the plant, since the number of formed ovaries may be insufficient. When planting, be careful not to damage the plant. Even minor cuts on the stems or roots can lead to the development of many diseases.

Video - When to plant pepper seedlings

Before the start of the new vegetable season, the question of when to sow peppers comes to the fore for gardeners. Peppers and eggplants are crops that are quite finicky at the stage of sowing seeds, demanding in terms of watering and choice of location. At the same time, they are little susceptible to diseases and are responsive to proper care.

If you create favorable conditions for sowing seeds and further growth, the harvest will be abundant.

Why do some crops need to be grown only through seedlings?

Nightshades, peppers, and eggplants are vegetable crops with a long growing season. They need from 90 to 180 days for successful development and biological maturity, and sow them in open ground in early spring In most regions of Russia, weather conditions do not allow it, because these crops are very heat-loving.

Long growing season, slow development in the first month and thermophilicity are the main factors forcing the use of seedling growing technology. Both eggplant and pepper respond gratefully to this method. Sowing seeds for seedlings, when to sow hot and sweet peppers, and when to sow eggplants - you should pay special attention to this when planning garden work in the spring-summer period. This is especially important if you plan to get the first ripe fruits as early as possible and extend the fruiting period for several months.

Subsequent planting of seedlings is carried out in the ground, if weather conditions permit, in greenhouses, hotbeds, under high shelters that allow preserving optimal temperature, lighting and humidity.

Is the sowing time for sweet and bitter pepper seeds different?

The taste of pepper led to the division of this vegetable crop into two groups:

• sweet;
• spicy.

The second name for the sweet variety is bell pepper. This vegetable is valued not only for its taste and specific aroma, but also for the content of a whole complex of vitamins, microelements and compounds necessary for the human body.

The period when to sow bell pepper for seedlings is determined by the period necessary for the vegetable to reach technical and biological maturity. When fresh, the ripe vegetable is used for preparing salads and vegetable vitamin cuttings. It is stewed, pickled, fermented, stuffed with vegetables, cereals, and meat.

Hot peppers are called bitter or spicy. It has a pungent taste, which is due to the presence of the alkaloid capsaicin and is used as a hot seasoning for dishes. Hot peppers can be grown in an apartment on a windowsill for all year round. If you plan to grow this type of pepper in open ground, then the question arises when to sow hot pepper seedlings.

Despite such a clear difference in the taste qualities of hot and sweet peppers, the technology for growing them, determining the timing of sowing seeds and planting seedlings in the ground for both varieties are exactly the same.

How to calculate sowing dates?

Peppers and eggplants should be sown for seedlings when a decision has been made about where exactly the crops will be grown. This is due to the fact that the timing of sowing seeds is counted in the opposite direction from the moment of planting the seedlings:

• for pepper that will be grown in open ground - 60-80 days;
• for growing in a greenhouse - 43-46 days.

Another 10 days should be added to these periods, during which shoots will appear. In addition, it should be borne in mind that seed germination time can take up to 2-4 weeks.

There is no universal advice on which month to sow pepper seedlings. In each specific case, it is necessary to take into account the climatic characteristics of the region and the varietal characteristics of the crop. It is important to remember the main thing: planting in open ground can only be done at stable positive night temperatures of 15-17 degrees and the absence of frost. Lowering the temperature even to 13 o C will cause stress in an unhardened young plant and slow down its development.

To central Russia warm weather arrives by mid-May - which means that during this period you can plant seedlings outdoors or in greenhouses. Having made simple calculations, subtracting 70-90 days in the opposite direction (taking into account the time of emergence of hatched sprouts), we will see that in this case the time for sowing seeds is mid-March or the last ten days of February. The grown plants planted in the ground will give the first harvest in mid-June.

If you sow the seeds later, in April, this will shorten the period of active fruiting.

If you sow earlier, then the seedlings developing in a warm room will not have enough lighting, you need to think about alternative source Sveta. There are varieties of pepper that are less demanding on lighting.

Please note that this is generalized information that requires adjustments in each climate zone. So, in the southern regions, the date for sowing pepper may be shifted by two weeks - to the beginning of February.

Sowing pepper seeds: Siberia makes adjustments

Breeders have developed varieties that are not so demanding on lighting, have an early and medium ripening period, and are suitable for growing in colder regions where the weather makes special demands on the cultivation of heat-loving crops.

In harsh climatic conditions, it is necessary to calculate the sowing time so that the ripening period of the heat-loving crop in open ground falls in July and early August - the warmest months of the Siberian summer. By the time of transfer to permanent place The seedlings must be strong, healthy, and not overgrown.

A number of questions arise from this: when to sow pepper seedlings in Siberia and the Urals, how to provide the grown plants with the necessary lighting, heat, and watering. For Siberian regions, two main conditions must be met:

• sow seeds after February 20;
• select varieties that are most suitable for growing in short summer conditions.

Modern covering materials that can protect peppers from unexpected cold snaps become reliable assistants at the stage of transplanting young plants into open ground.

How to choose the right pepper variety

The best guide to help you determine when to sow Bell pepper for seedlings, is the variety of this crop. All varieties are divided into three groups:

1. Early, with a seedling ripening period of 100-120 days. Seedlings of these varieties are transplanted into open ground at the age of 50-60 days, the seeds are sown in mid-March.
2. Mid-season, with a seedling ripening period of 120-135 days. Seedlings of these varieties are transplanted into open ground at the age of 60 days, the seeds are sown in the third ten days of February.
3. Late, with a seedling ripening period of 136-150 days. Seedlings of these varieties are transplanted into open ground at the age of 60-75 days, the seeds are sown in early February.

Using purchased seeds allows you to obtain disease-resistant vegetables various shapes and coloring, as well as with excellent taste characteristics.

Siberian pepper: the best varieties

In the conditions of Siberia, not only the question of when to sow pepper comes to the fore, but also which varieties are better. You should choose from hybrid zoned varieties suitable for growing in short summer conditions, resistant to low air temperatures, and at the same time having high yields. Let's look at several varieties.

Siberian prince. Cone-shaped large fruits red flowers reach full ripeness 114 days after seed germination. The variety is an early ripening variety, intended for open ground and greenhouses. Productivity - up to 4 kg per m 2.

Siberian format. Mid-season variety with thick-walled red cube-shaped fruits. The weight of each fruit can reach 450 g. Productivity is up to 3.5 kg per m 2.

Siberian felt boots. This high-yielding variety grown in open ground and greenhouses. Full technical ripeness occurs after 120 days. The fruits weigh 170 g and reach a length of 13-14 cm.

Siberian bonus. Thick-walled, cube-shaped fruits weighing up to 100 g ripen on low bushes. The yield is average. The variety is mid-season.

East market. The bright red fruits are prism-shaped and weigh up to 160 g. The yield is average. The bushes are compact: no more than 70 cm in height. The variety is mid-season.

Tusk. The bushes reach a height of 1.4 m. The fruits are cylindrical in shape, thick walls and bright red in color. Their weight is 150 g. The yield of this early ripening variety is high.

How to choose seeds

An important component of successful cultivation is not only the correct choice of when to sow pepper, but also a responsible attitude to the choice of seeds. When purchasing them, you need to pay attention to two factors:

• variety;
• quality control.

The choice of variety is determined not only by preferences regarding the shape, size and color of the fruit, ripening time and yield, but also, first of all, by the climatic conditions of the region where this vegetable crop will be grown.

The need for quality control is determined by the shelf life of seeds. The period of potential activity of pepper seeds does not exceed three years. This is the maximum shelf life for seeds. Seeds have the best germination in the year of collection.

If the seeds you purchased or collected yourself are more than two years old, you should select them and pre-sow a test batch before sowing bell peppers for seedlings. This way the seeds will be checked for germination.

Seed culling is carried out in a 3-4% saline solution (2 tablespoons of salt / 1 liter of water). The prepared solution is poured into a low, wide container, and seeds are poured into the solution. After 5-7 minutes, all seeds that float to the surface of the solution are collected and discarded. The solution is carefully drained from the container through a sieve, in which potentially active seeds will remain. They need to be washed and then dried at room temperature.

Treatment of seeds before sowing: disinfection

One of the elements included in the system of how to properly sow peppers is pre-sowing treatment, which accelerates the emergence of sprouts and ensures health and strength in future plants.

Purchased seeds do not require disinfection, since such treatment is usually carried out by manufacturers to prevent loss of seed material. If there are doubts about the quality of such pre-treatment, you can disinfect the seeds in one of the following ways:

• fungicides (“Fitosporin-m”, “Vitaros”) in accordance with the instructions placed on the package with the disinfectant;
• potassium permanganate (you need to make a pink solution).

In both the first and second cases, you need to prepare a solution, put a bag of seeds in it and soak in the solution for the required time, usually 30 minutes.

Such disinfection treatment helps protect future seedlings from various diseases, including fungal ones.

Seed treatment before sowing: hardening

The next stage is seed hardening, which is carried out in one of the following ways:

1. Disinfected seeds should be placed in warm water and left in a warm place until they swell. After this, the swollen seeds should be left at a temperature of 1-2 o C for 36 hours.
2. For 12 hours, every 2 hours there should be a change in temperature: 25 o C / 3-4 o C. For the next 12 hours, the seeds are kept at a temperature of 25 o C, the next 12 hours - at a temperature of 3-4 o C. In total The entire hardening process takes 36 hours.

Any of the hardening methods has a positive effect on the growth rate of plants, their resistance to adverse weather conditions and increased productivity.

Seed treatment before sowing: stimulation

By the time it is better to sow pepper for seedlings, it is recommended to stimulate the seeds to germinate, accelerating the process of the appearance of the first shoots. If you place the seeds in a medium containing a large amount of microelements, the time it takes for the seeds to hatch will be significantly reduced.

To stimulate the emergence of seedlings, soaking technology is used

Biostimulant "Energen", beaten chicken egg, aloe juice, ash solution can be used as a biostimulant.

For soaking, you can alternate any two stimulants, taking into account that the total time the seeds are in the warm stimulant should not exceed eight hours.

The ash solution is prepared as follows: pour wood ash (50 g) hot water, let it brew for two days with occasional stirring. This solution contains about 30 different microelements, is stored for a long time and can later be used for the first feeding of the first shoots of seedlings.

The seeds are placed on cotton pads, soft cloth or thick soft toilet paper, moistened with warm water or a stimulating solution. Seeds are laid out on a prepared damp base and covered with the same material: a cotton pad, cloth, toilet paper. The resulting “sandwich” is placed on a tray in a warm place (25 o C). Important condition: the material in which the seeds are placed should not dry out for a minute. To avoid this, you can lightly cover the resulting “seed den” with film, providing access to fresh air.

Stimulation is carried out two days before sowing the seeds. After the procedure, the seeds are not washed.

It is important not only to determine when to sow peppers, but also to properly prepare the soil. Heavy, dense soil is contraindicated for the delicate and thin sucking threads of the young root system: it is difficult to extract nutrients from it, and moisture retained during watering can cause the formation of a “black leg” and putrefactive processes. The prepared soil should provide rapid germination hatched seeds and trouble-free development of emerging sprouts.

If ready-made soil intended for seedlings is used, thoroughly washed sand is added to it: 0.5 parts sand / 3 parts ready-made soil.

You can prepare the land yourself. There are several different compositions of components:

• peat - 2 parts + earth - 1 part + sand - 1 part;
• forest turf + soil from the garden + compost + sand (1 part each);
• lowland peat (1 part) + humus (1 part) + potassium sulfate and superphosphate;
• compost (1 part) + sand or perlite (1 part) turf (2 parts);
• sawdust and sand mixed equally (1 part) + turf (3 parts);

Adding ash (1 cup per 10 kg of soil composition) helps clean the soil and enrich it with microelements.

When the time comes to sow sweet peppers for seedlings, the soil should already be ready. Distinctive features land suitable for sowing pepper seeds are:

• looseness, lightness, porosity, providing access to the roots of water and air;
• content of life-giving microflora and organic matter;
• proportional ratio of potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus, iron, copper, zinc;
• water permeability, preventing the appearance of surface crust;
• neutral acidity indicator.

At first, you can replace the soil with sawdust, which must first be scalded with boiling water. Sawdust is convenient because the thin roots will push the substrate apart and not grow into it. This method is very convenient for further picking of seedlings: there will be no breakage of roots, which weakens the young plant and takes away energy and strength for restoration. You can add sand, coconut substrate, and peat to the sawdust.

The prepared soil composition is poured into seedling containers, spilled with a pale pink manganese solution, and ash and fertilizer are added.

Preparing containers for sowing

When the time has come to sow pepper seedlings, you need to prepare the appropriate containers. It can be:

• individual containers, from which seedlings are subsequently transplanted into containers of larger volume by transshipment;
• a common sowing box from which the seedlings will be transplanted using the picking method in the phase of 3 true leaves.

In the second case, there is a danger of damaging the roots of the seedlings when picking. This may lead to a shift in the fruiting period by more late dates and reduction in yield.

The most important conditions for such containers:

• good drainage;
• sufficient depth and volume;
• dense light-proof walls.

The best option for containers for sowing pepper seeds are individual containers, plastic cups and bags, peat or coconut tablets, reusable cassettes, comfortable and fashionable diapers, snails (rolled up 15 cm high laminate backing).

Sowing seeds

If all the details are met preliminary preparation, it remains to clarify how to sow sweet peppers correctly.

Planting containers are filled with prepared soil, lightly compacted, and moistened. On the top layer of soil, 3 hatched seeds are placed in individual cups - in such a way that subsequently only one of them, the strongest and healthiest, is left, and the other two are removed.

In a common planting box, the hatched seeds are laid out on the surface of the ground according to the pattern: 5 cm x 5 cm.

After spreading the seeds over the surface of the soil, sprinkle them with a loose layer of soil 1.5 cm thick and lightly compact them.

Containers with sown seeds are placed in a warm place (25 o C), covered with a double layer of newspaper, which can provide air access but prevent moisture evaporation.

After the emergence of seedlings, you need to move the seedlings to a less warm room (20 o C), at night the temperature should be reduced by several degrees (to 15-17 o C). The total daily illumination of seedlings should be 10-12 hours. Direct exposure to sunlight should be excluded. Watering should be regular, but not excessive.

At the age of 1 month, when pepper is sown as seedlings, young seedlings have:

• 1 pair of cotyledon leaves + 3-4 pairs of true leaves;
• bright green succulent stem;
• height from 4 to 6 cm.

After 55-90 days, the seedlings are transferred to beds, which can be pre-treated with epin. The most suitable moment for planting in the ground is the appearance of the first flower. Seedlings are planted according to a 50 cm x 50 cm pattern.

Windless place with fertile soil - perfect option, which prefers pepper. Seedlings, cultivation, when to sow - all these features are important. Following the basic rules will help healthy plants bring a rich harvest.

Whatever line of work you are involved in, it is important for everyone to achieve maximum success in it. In recent years, we have often encountered various fields, including in gardening, with such a concept as favorable or unfavorable lunar days. It was introduced into our everyday life by astrologers, who claim that an enterprise started on a favorable day will be successful, and vice versa, if you start some process on an unfavorable day, the result will most likely be negative.

Recently, more and more people are turning to astrological predictions, and the point here is not in superstition, but in a scientific approach, because the influence of the phases of the Moon on all life on Earth has long been known. This also explains the reasons for the popularity of lunar sowing calendars among gardeners.

When to plant pepper seedlings in 2019

Thanks to sowing calendar you will be notified of the shifts lunar phases, which determine the size and quality of your harvest. An experienced vegetable grower or summer resident will never plant plants on a full or new moon, since during these periods all the juices collect either at the top or, respectively, in the roots or tubers, and this interferes with the normal development of plants. But if the pepper, the cultivation of seedlings of which will be discussed in our article, is planted during the waxing Moon, its growth activity will be much higher than when planting pepper during the waning Moon. So, when to sow pepper seedlings?

Favorable dates for sowing pepper seedlings in 2019 are:

• January: 9-15, 20, 24, 28, 29;
• February: 6, 7, 20-22, 25, 26;
• March: 5, 6, 10, 11, 20, 21, 24, 25;
• April: 20, 21, 27-29;
• May: 4-6, 18, 19, 27, 28.

When to plant pepper seedlings in open ground?
In June, favorable days for this: 15, 21-24; in July: 20-22, 25, 26th.

Peppers ripen 100-150 days after germination, but you can accurately calculate the timing of sowing pepper seedlings only if you know the characteristics of the variety. For example, early-ripening pepper is sown 65 days before planting seedlings in a permanent place, mid-ripening - 70 days, late - 75 days.

Planting pepper seedlings at home

Soil for pepper seedlings

The soil for seedlings of peppers must be loose, nutritious, neutral or slightly acidic (pH 6-6.5) and sterile. You can purchase ready-made soil at garden stores or prepare the necessary soil mixture yourself.

Here are some recipes for suitable soil for pepper seedlings:

• leaf soil, sand and high peat in equal parts. The acidity level of such soil is adjusted by applying lime fertilizers;
• turf soil, compost and river sand in a ratio of 2:1:1;
• two parts of humus are mixed with two parts of peat and one part of well-washed sand, after which the soil is sifted through a sieve;
• humus, sandy loam meadow soil and turf soil in a ratio of 1:2:2 with the addition of a matchbox of potassium sulfate and two matchboxes of superphosphate per 10 liters of the finished soil mixture.

Any soil mixture must be disinfected before adding fertilizers.

Preparing pepper seeds for sowing

Dried seeds enclosed in a capsule containing a growth stimulant and various fertilizers, preparation for sowing is unnecessary and even harmful, because soaking the seeds damages their capsule.

Ordinary seeds are first kept in a solution of potassium permanganate for disinfection: dilute one gram of the drug in 100 ml of water and dip the seeds in the solution for 20 minutes.

After disinfecting the seeds, to increase productivity, they are placed in a solution of a growth stimulant, for example, Epin, prepared in accordance with the instructions, or placed in a solution of mineral fertilizers for 4-5 hours. After such treatment, the seed is washed in clean water and sow wet.

Some gardeners prefer to bubble the seeds by placing them in a gauze bag and lowering them into water through which air is blown with a compressor. The duration of this procedure is 4-5 hours.

But most often they resort to germinating seeds. They are wrapped in wet gauze or cloth, placed in a warm place and made sure that the cloth does not dry out. To do this, it is better to place the wrapped seeds on a saucer and place it under plastic. Do not soak the seeds with water– for germination, in addition to water, they also need oxygen. Germination occurs best at a temperature of 20-23 ºC. However, sprouted seeds have a significant drawback - tender sprouts easily break off when sowing, so we recommend that you disinfect the seeds in potassium permanganate with their further processing in a growth stimulator.

Sowing pepper seedlings at home

Since pepper takes a very long time to recover after picking, sowing pepper seedlings is carried out in separate pots or cups with a diameter of 10 cm and a depth of 10-12 cm. But if you do not have this opportunity, take a spacious container for sowing, so that in the future it will be easier for you to replant the seedlings in pots with a large lump of earth. The depth of such a box should be at least 5-6 cm, and the soil level should not reach the edge of the container by 2 cm. Do not forget to rinse the dishes in a solution of potassium permanganate before sowing.

Pepper seeds are laid out with tweezers on the surface of the soil at a distance of 1.5-2 cm from each other, pressed to the substrate, moistened through a sieve or by bottom watering, after which they are sprinkled with a 1 cm thick layer of soil on top, which is then slightly compacted. Covering the crops plastic film or glass.

How to grow pepper seedlings in tablets

Good pepper seedlings are obtained when grown in peat tablets, since this crop does not tolerate picking very well - after transplantation, the seedlings do not begin to grow for a long time.

Sow seeds into tablets with a diameter of 3 cm: required amount tablets are placed in a transparent tray and filled with warm boiled water for swelling. As soon as the tablets stop absorbing water, pour out the excess water from the tray, make holes 1-1.5 cm deep in the upper part of the tablets, carefully place the seeds prepared in the described way into the holes and cover them with nutritious soil on top. Cover the tray with a transparent lid, glass or plastic wrap. Germinate seeds at a temperature of 25 ºC.

The first shoots appear within a week, and then the covering is removed from the crops, the tray is transferred to a bright place and kept at a temperature of 25-27 ºC during the day and 11-13 ºC at night. When the seedlings develop 2-4 leaves and the roots begin to grow through the mesh, the seedlings are planted directly in tablets in separate pots filled with one of the soil mixtures described above.

Growing pepper seedlings in cassettes

Now on sale big choice plastic cassettes in which it is very convenient to grow pepper seedlings - there are cassettes measuring 18x13.5x6 cm for four seedlings with cells 8x6 cm and a volume of 240 ml each. There are cassettes of the same size, but with six, nine and twelve cells. And there are cassettes in a box with a lid that allows light to pass through well, but does not allow moisture to evaporate - they can be used as mini-greenhouses.

A soil mixture or peat tablets suitable for peppers are placed in the cells, the seeds are sown, then the crops are covered with transparent material, the cassette is placed on a plastic tray and kept at a temperature of about 25 ºC. Humidification is carried out using the bottom watering method - water is poured into a tray.

Is it worth it to buy pepper seedlings?

If you do not want or cannot grow seedlings, you will have to purchase them, and it is better to buy planting material in nurseries, specialized stores or garden pavilions - there you have a better chance than on the market to buy exactly what you want and get answers to questions about seedlings. But, unfortunately, it is not always possible to purchase seedlings from well-established sellers and you have to go to the market to buy them.

What do you need to know when buying seedlings? The leaves of the seedlings should be developed, green and evenly colored - without white spots or plaque. Seedlings should be strong and strong, and not elongated and drooping.

Unfortunately, unscrupulous sellers use various tricks to sell their goods, and as a result you may end up with seedlings overfed nitrogen fertilizers or vice versa, inhibitors that slow down growth. Such seedlings then bloom poorly, develop poorly and bear fruit poorly, but you are unlikely to be able to recognize this catch in the market. That is why it is better to buy good seeds from a trusted manufacturer and grow seedlings yourself.

Caring for pepper seedlings at home

Conditions for growing pepper seedlings

Maintaining the temperature regime necessary for the development of pepper seedlings in an apartment is not so easy, but you should know that near the ceiling the air temperature is a couple of degrees higher than at the average height, and near the baseboard it is two to three degrees lower. The brightest place in the apartment is the window sill, but it is also the coldest, and seedlings need warmth.

If you can provide artificial lighting for the seedlings, you can grow them where they will be warmer.

At a temperature of 26-28 ºC, pepper seeds germinate on the eighth to twelfth day, at a temperature of 20-26 ºC, shoots can appear after 13-17 days, at 18-20 ºC - after 18-20 days, and at 14-15 ºC you can wait for the emergence of seedlings no earlier than in a month.

As soon as the seedlings appear, the crops are moved as close to the light as possible, the temperature is lowered for a week to 15-17 ºC, and subsequently the seedlings are kept at 22-25 ºC during the day and at 20 ºC at night.

Do not forget to regularly ventilate the room, but keep in mind that seedlings are afraid of drafts and cold air.

Watering pepper seedlings

For the first two or three days, the emerging seedlings are not watered, but if the soil requires moisture, it is carefully sprayed with a sprayer. As soon as the cotyledon leaves open, the seedlings are watered with thirty-degree water. Subsequently, the seedlings are moistened with rain or tap water at room temperature that has been left standing for 24 hours.

The soil of the seedlings should not dry out - pepper does not tolerate drought, but excess moisture in the roots should not be allowed.

Please note that soil in a shallow container loses moisture faster than in a large container. Air humidity in the room is maintained at 60-70%.

Feeding pepper seedlings

To develop the root system of seedlings, they are fed with potassium humate, diluting 5 ml of the drug in two liters of water. Before bookmarking flower buds pepper seedlings develop very slowly, then their growth becomes more intense, and during the flowering period, pepper seedlings are fertilized with the following composition containing microelements: 1 g of manganese sulfate and iron sulfate or citrate are dissolved in 10 liters of water, 0.2 g of zinc sulfate is dissolved in 10 liters of water. and copper sulfate and 1.7 g of boric acid.

Pinching pepper seedlings

Homemade pepper seedlings require pinching, that is, removal of the growing point of the seedlings. This is done in order to stimulate the development of the root system in the peppers and the growth of stepsons from dormant buds in the internodes in which flowers are formed.

Pinching is done when the bell pepper seedlings begin to develop intensively - the part of the plant located above 4-6 internodes is removed with scissors. When, over time, the seedlings begin to grow stepchildren, the load on the bush is regulated, leaving 4-6 of the most developed stepchildren, and the rest are removed. There is no need to remove stepsons in the lower internodes.

Illumination of pepper seedlings

Since peppers have a longer growing season compared to other vegetable crops, seedlings of this crop begin to be grown earlier than other plants, when daylight hours are still short. But due to the fact that pepper seedlings require lighting for 12-14 hours every day, it is necessary to organize artificial lighting for it, otherwise the seedlings will be thin and elongated, with sparse leaves due to too long internodes.

Natural light from February to March is only about 5,000 lux, but normal seedling development requires a light level of 20,000 lux. The process of photosynthesis requires not just light, but a certain spectrum of rays: red rays stimulate the process of seed germination and flowering of seedlings, violet and blue rays participate in the formation of cells, while yellow and green rays do not affect the development of plants. Namely, yellow light is emitted by ordinary incandescent lamps, and therefore it makes no sense to use them to illuminate seedlings. In addition, such lamps emit infrared rays, which cause the seedlings to stretch and overheat.

It is best to use phyto- or fluorescent lamps for artificial illumination of pepper seedlings, as well as LED lights, which are created precisely for such purposes. The seedlings are illuminated with 200 W lamps per 1 m² of crop area. The lighting is placed at a distance of 20 cm from the tops of the plants, and when the seedlings grow, the light source is raised.

In the development phase of cotyledon leaves, to stimulate rapid growth of seedlings, lamps should be operated for three days in a row. As soon as the seedlings have true leaves, the daylight hours should be 14-16 hours. In February, artificial lighting should work from the morning until 19-20 hours without interruption. In April, the lights are turned on only in the mornings from 6 to 12 hours and in the evenings from 16 to 19 hours.

Picking pepper seedlings

If the pepper grows in a common container, at the stage of development of the seedlings with two true leaves, the seedlings are picked, although some reference books recommend picking already in the cotyledon phase. The soil with seedlings is well moistened, after which excess water is allowed to drain. Seedlings are planted in separate pots with a capacity of 100-150 ml - the seedlings, together with a lump of earth, are transferred into holes made in the soil, which should accommodate the root system of the seedling with soil. The roots are placed freely in the soil, without bends. The hole is sprinkled with soil and lightly compacted.

When picking, the root collar of the seedlings is buried no more than 5 mm. After transplanting, the seedlings are watered and, if necessary, soil is added to the pots. At first, the seedlings are protected from direct sunlight, and the temperature should not be lower than 15 ºC - at 13 ºC, seedling growth stops.

Pepper seedling diseases and treatment

Sometimes, in the phase of cotyledon leaves, seedlings of sweet peppers begin to turn yellow, the subcotyledonous stem at the soil level darkens, then turns black, a constriction forms in this place, and the seedlings lie down. The cause of seedling death in this case is the fungal disease blackleg. Usually the causative agent of the disease is in the soil that you have not disinfected before sowing, but it happens that infection occurs through seeds or unsterile containers - this is why pre-sowing preparation and disinfection are so important. Blackleg progresses against the background of excessive or insufficient watering, dense sowing, too high or, conversely, too low temperature. Treatment of seedlings with copper-containing preparations and good lighting will help you fight the disease. Affected plants must be removed.

If your seedlings with two pairs of leaves suddenly begin to wither, without changing the color of the leaf blades, and lag behind in growth, most likely the seedlings are sick with the fungal disease fusarium. With fusarium wilt, the leaves begin to turn yellow from bottom to top, and in the section of the stem you can see a browned vascular ring.

The means to combat fusarium are the same as for blackleg, but it is better to prevent the disease from manifesting itself - sterilizing the soil and utensils for sowing seedlings, as well as disinfecting the seeds, will help you with this.

When gray fluff appears on the soil, the inner walls of the box and the base of the seedling stems, oppressing the seedlings, we can say that the crops have been affected by gray rot. For preventive purposes, once every 10 days, seedlings are sprayed with a bright pink solution of potassium permanganate, and treatment is carried out with bacterial fungicides or copper-containing preparations, having previously removed the affected specimens.

Already adult seedlings can be affected by late blight: dark stripes appear on the stems, and light spots appear on the lower leaves, which gradually darken. The source of infection is usually soil. On early stage development of late blight, seedlings are sprayed with a solution of 5 ml of iodine in a liter of water; at a later stage, you will have to resort to fungicides, first culling the diseased plants.

White spots and plaque on the leaves and stems, from which the growth of seedlings slows down and the leaves turn yellow, are signs of powdery mildew, which affects not only adult plants, but also seedlings. The disease will have to be combated with bacterial fungicides or an iodine solution, as when seedlings are affected by late blight.

And sometimes there is a hurricane withering of seedlings: in the evening the seedlings were healthy, and in the morning they all lie as if they were scalded with boiling water. This disease is more common in southern regions and affects sunflower and nightshade crops. This disease cannot be treated, so you will have to replant the peppers.

When to plant pepper seedlings in the ground

With the development of 7-8 leaves in the seedlings and the formation of large buds, if at this moment the seedlings reach a height of 20-25 cm, you can begin to harden them. First, the seedlings are placed for 7-10 days at a temperature of 16-18 ºC, and then the temperature is lowered to 12-14 ºC. To do this, open the vents and windows in the room or take the plants out onto the balcony, loggia or veranda, placing them under direct Sun rays. The duration of such sessions is increased every day, and two or three days before planting in open ground, the seedlings are left in the open air overnight, protected from too cold air. Hardening lasts approximately two weeks.

At the time of planting seedlings in the ground, the seedlings should already have 8-9 leaves and several formed buds, and the average daily temperature in the garden should not fall below 15-17 ºC. Before planting the seedlings, the area should be prepared: dug up with a shovel and leveled. IN clay soil humus and peat are added. The holes are placed at a distance of 50 cm from one another, keeping row spacing 60 cm wide. Place a tablespoon of complete mineral fertilizer in each hole and mix it well with the soil. The depth of the hole should accommodate the roots of the seedling without bending, and the root collar after embedding should be flush with the surface of the area. The seedlings are transferred into the holes along with a lump of earth, the hole is filled halfway so that the bulk of the roots are covered with soil, then about a third of a bucket of water is poured into the hole, and when it is absorbed, the hole is filled to the top with soil.

88 5 1 Planting pepper seedlings in 2019 4.4545454545455 Rating 4.45 (88 votes)

After this article they usually read

Cucumbers, potatoes and eggplants, sweet and hot peppers are also in the spotlight. After all, this culture is very healthy and tasty, and also goes into many dishes: in salads, in preserves, and also as a separate and satisfying dish for dinner.

And since it’s already the second ten days of February, we need to remember or learn something new about when and how to plant pepper seedlings this year.

In fact, to grow good seedlings, it is necessary to fulfill the conditions that are common to everyone vegetable crops: choice landing day, preparing seeds, soil, caring for seedlings and finally planting in the ground.

Therefore, let us dwell in more detail on each sub-item, specifically on the pepper culture.

To successfully grow seedlings, let me remind you of a couple of golden rules:

• It’s best if you have your own pepper seeds and not store-bought ones, as they “remember” the care and characteristics of the soil;
• It is better to immediately remove those sprouts that sprout later than everyone else, since they will not give a good harvest;
• pepper does not like transplanting, so it should be sown immediately in peat pots or special cups;
• since the plant develops very slowly, it must be sown as early as possible;
• do not be afraid hybrid varieties, they are resistant to diseases;
• also do not forget to prepare the soil for seedlings.

Planting pepper seedlings according to the lunar calendar in 2019

And as usual, let’s first analyze the favorable dates for planting peppers. This vegetable loves light, but nevertheless, experienced gardeners advise darkening it so that the plant bears fruit faster. Pepper also loves sufficient watering and warmth. Therefore, do not forget what climate zone you live in in order to accurately select the sowing day.

In fact, pepper has a very long growing season, so seedlings are planted very early.

• Thus, early varieties begin to bear fruit 110-120 days after germination, middle varieties 125-135 days after seed germination, and late varieties begin to bear fruit only 140 days after germination. But at hot pepper the growing season is slightly shorter: early varieties - after 105-110 days, middle varieties - after 115-125 days, late varieties - after 130 days.

That's why optimal time planting pepper seedlings in middle lane, considered the first half of February. This growing season data will help you calculate your seed sowing date by countdown.

Remember, seedlings initial stage should be provided with good lighting.

Of course, many farmers adhere to the advice and dates that the 2019 lunar calendar indicates to them. Let us also look at what the sowing calendar has prepared for us regarding pepper culture.

If we consider the month of January, then here are the dates that are considered favorable: 10, 11, 18, 31. But remember that the month of January is still not very favorable for growing pepper seedlings.

According to the lunar calendar, it is believed that the month of February is the most suitable for sowing seeds. After all, this month the daylight hours are already quite long and there are many more sunny days than in January. And secondly, seedlings planted in February will be ready for planting in the ground in early June.

So, at the beginning of February it is more advisable to plant late varieties, and by the end of the month early ones.

Advice!! Pepper slow-witted)) Since its seeds can germinate from 10 days or more, so take this time into account!!

• Favorable days for planting pepper according to the lunar calendar in February: 1, 2, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 24.

As for the month of March, it is favorable for growing any seedlings. During this period, you can plant hot and early varieties of peppers for seedlings.

• The most favorable days in March: March 3, 4, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 17, 26.
• The most favorable days in April: 2, 3, 4, 9, 13, 16, 25.

And don’t forget about unfavorable days:

Preparing seeds for seedlings

Any seeds that are needed for seedlings require preparatory preparation.

Let's take a look at the main stages of preparing pepper seeds:

Stage 1. Selection of seeds for sowing

First of all, you need to sort out the seeds; to do this, pour them onto paper and select the largest and smallest ones by eye. You will need medium sized seeds.

Now let's determine the hollowness of the seeds. Take a container with an aqueous solution of salt, 30 grams of salt per 1 liter of water, and place the seeds there. After 5-7 minutes, remove those that have sunk to the bottom, rinse them and dry them. And feel free to throw away those seeds that float, as they will not sprout.

Stage 2. Etching

Immediately before sowing, it is necessary to disinfect the seeds.

A good way is to soak the seeds in a weak solution of potassium permanganate for 10-15 minutes, and then wash and dry them. Now future seedlings are not afraid of diseases.

For etching, you can also use modern antifungal drugs. For example, such as “Vitaros”, “Maxim”, “Fitosporin-M”. Everything is simple here, you just need to follow the instructions.

Stage 3. Saturation with microelements

This is an important and at the same time optional stage. Gardeners and gardeners usually buy special mineral mixtures, but some use proven folk recipes.

The most popular and widespread method is soaking in a solution wood ash, which contains about 30 necessary for plants microelements.

To prepare the solution, you need to dilute 20 grams of ash in 1 liter of water and let it sit for 24 hours. Afterwards, place the pepper seeds in a fabric bag and immerse them in the solution for 5 hours. Then take them out and lay them out on paper to dry. This procedure is carried out the day before sowing.

Stage 4. Wetting before sowing

To carry out the next step, you need to spread the pepper seeds in one layer on a wet cloth, cotton wool, washcloth or paper napkin and cover them on top. Next, you need to ensure that the seeds are constantly wet and the room temperature does not drop below 25 degrees.

After about a week or two, sprouts should appear.

You can plant both swollen seeds and those that have sprouted.

Stage 5. Hardening

AND the final stage It is considered to place the swollen seeds before sowing for seedlings for a day in a cool room with an air temperature of -1°C.

You can also use a more complicated type of hardening - put it in a warm place for 10 days, and in a cold place at night (-2ºC).

This procedure helps the seeds more easily transfer to the ground. After hardening, you must immediately sow the seeds, but do not forget to dry them before that.

Of course, you may not include all the stages of preparing pepper seeds for seedlings, but be guided by your experience and skills. But if you are a beginner, then it is better to carry out all the stages, then you will be confident in your result.

How to properly plant pepper seedlings at home

So, after preparing the seeds, you need to prepare the soil. What are we going to do now?

Pepper can be sown in “purchased” soil, in peat tablets, or in self-prepared soil.

Experienced farmers advise that the soil for seedlings should contain at least 50% of the soil from their garden.

So, what are the basic requirements for seedling soil:

• neutral or slightly acidic environment;
• sufficient organic content for “looseness” and moisture retention;
• sufficient nutrient content.

To prepare such soil, you need:

• two parts of garden land;
• one part of peat or special soil for seedlings;
• one part of humus, compost or top layer (10 cm) of meadow soil.

And to increase nutritional value and correct acidity, add the following to the soil per 10 liters of soil:

• stove ash (who has it) - a handful;
• lime (for those who don’t have ash) - a handful;
• double superphosphate - 2 matchboxes.

Well, now we have come directly to planting prepared seeds for seedlings at home.

There are several ways to sow:

1. Classic - peppers are sown in a “common” container and subsequently planted in a larger container or individual pots.
2. In ready-made cassettes, 1-2 seeds are sown without picking.
3. In peat tablets, 1 seed is sown without picking.
4. In twists - in rolls from toilet paper followed by planting young shoots in large containers or separate pots.

Since pepper does not tolerate picking, it is better to grow seedlings without picking, that is, plant bell peppers immediately in separate containers.

I suggest you consider all methods.

Using peat tablets

So, you will need tablets with a diameter of 3-4 cm. They need to be placed at the bottom of a large container and filled with water. After the tablets stop absorbing water, the excess is poured out.

Such a greenhouse needs to be ventilated at least 1 hour a day. Watering should be carried out using the bottom method as the peat dries. As soon as the sprouts appear, the cylinders need to be moved to separate containers with prepared soil.

Thanks to the mesh that envelops the peat cylinder, the lump of earth does not fall apart and the root system of the pepper is not injured. A further care consists of timely watering and lighting.

If you do not want to transfer the seedlings into pots, then you should buy tablets with a diameter of 7 cm. In such cylinders, the pepper will not need additional soil.

Using cassettes

To grow seedlings in cassettes, you need the cassettes themselves or separate pots with a volume of 250-500 ml. Sprouted seeds must be sown one at a time, and dry seeds two at a time in one container (in this case, the weak plant is subsequently removed). Seeds need to be buried 1 cm into the soil and watered.

Then place the cassettes under a lamp or on a south or west window. The temperature must be at least 25 ºC. As the seedlings grow, soil can be added to the pot. Watering is also carried out in a bottom-up manner, that is, in a pan. And pots with seedlings are usually watered in the classic way.

Classic way

For such sowing, you need to take a large container with soil and sow the seeds densely to a depth of 0.5 cm. Next, water the soil and cover the top with film, and place the container in a warm place. When sprouts appear, the seedlings need to be moved to a warm window for a day.

After the first true leaf appears, the seedlings will need to be pricked. The picking box itself (if there are no separate containers, which is preferable) should be at least 12-15 cm deep. The seedlings need to be watered several hours before transplanting. Plant the seedlings at a distance of 10-15 cm, preferably in a checkerboard pattern.

Sow bell peppers in a rolled-up cigarette (in a snail)

It has become very popular to plant any seeds in Moscow style, that is, in a rolled-up paper or a snail. I even highlighted this method as a separate sub-item.

Let's look at the features of rolling papers. So, seeds for germination are sown between ribbons of toilet paper, which is very compact.

Well, the technology itself is as follows:

1. Place a cellophane tape on the table (it is convenient to use a food bag cut lengthwise).
2. Lay toilet paper on top and spray it with water from a hand sprayer (be careful, the edges of the paper and cellophane must match).
3. Place the seeds on a strip of toilet paper (it’s better to use cheap ones) at a distance of 2-3 cm from each other and from the top edge of the paper at the same distance.
4. Then cover the seeds with a layer of paper and moisten well.
5. Next, roll it into a loose roll without much effort.
6. Place the finished twist in a container with a little water at the bottom.
7. Place the structure in a warm place.

When the sprouts appear, transfer the rolled cigarette to a lighted place. Well, plant the plant itself in the ground when two developed cotyledon leaves appear. The roll must be carefully unrolled and cut with scissors into separate pieces with sprouts, and the seedlings must be planted in a permanent container, where they will grow until planted in the garden.

Planting pepper seedlings in a greenhouse or open ground

When our seedlings grow up and day “X” comes, it will be necessary to transplant them directly to the place where the plant will continue to grow and develop, and then bear fruit. But do not rush with the planting date, since any pepper is very heat-loving. Therefore, the air temperature should already be at least 10 degrees Celsius.

So if you're going planting peppers in a greenhouse, then first of all you need to prepare the soil for future beds. To do this, the soil needs to be plowed or loosened exactly on the day of planting the seedlings. Then water the soil generously. And if the soil is acidic, then dolomitic acid should be added, as well as mineral fertilizers, compost and other nutrients.

Check that the greenhouse is intact and without damage!!

Now form the beds themselves, making them 80 cm wide, and row spacing - 30-40 cm. Then apply complex fertilizer and carefully mix the soil with the scattered fertilizers with a rake.

Dig holes on the spade while the soil is moist, and add a good handful of rotted manure or compost to each hole, mix the fertilizer and soil (this is done if you have not fertilized the soil before).

Pepper is a light-loving plant, so thickened plantings are not recommended.

Next, spill each well with water and potassium permanganate. The time has come to start planting, but do not bury the seedlings when planting. It is best to do the transplant early in the morning or late in the evening. To ensure that the roots of the plant are not damaged, you should first moisten the soil of the seedlings generously.

After planting, water the seedlings under each bush. After 1.5 weeks you can feed the plants. And so you should ensure that the crop does not break; for this, the stem is tied to a stick (applies to tall varieties), watered and treated against pests.

If you are going plant peppers in open ground, then first select a landing site, following these rules:

1. Do not use soil for planting where eggplants, tobacco, or potatoes previously grew.
2. The soil where cucumbers, cabbage, herbs and legumes were grown is also not suitable.
3. You cannot plant peppers in the same area for 2 years in a row.

After choosing a location, clear the ground of weeds, fertilize and loosen it. After loosening the soil to 40 cm, fertilize the soil with manure and level the surface. tall plants plant according to the 50x80x70 pattern in the amount of 3 pieces per square meter. For small peppers the scheme is as follows: 60x30 in the amount of 4 bushes per square meter.

Peppers can also be planted in a strip method (in two rows) at a distance of half a meter from each other. In this case, the sprouts are placed in a checkerboard pattern, and the distance between them is left to 90 cm.

If you are planting a vegetable in unprotected and open ground, then harden the young shoots in advance. Just take the seedlings to Fresh air, constantly increasing the time they spend on the street.

By the way, never plant sweet and bitter peppers next to each other, otherwise self-pollination may occur and there will be no harvest.

It is best to plant seedlings in open ground after the buds appear (approximately 50 days after sowing the seeds). Since a culture can “outgrow” and lose immunity.

Video on how to care for peppers

Of course, after planting, it is necessary to properly care for the peppers. If the crop grows in a greenhouse, then you need to systematically loosen the soil to a 5-centimeter depth. But this procedure must be carried out carefully so as not to damage the roots of the seedlings. Periodically, the soil needs to be fertilized with peat.

Watering is needed frequently so that the plant does not dry out. As the bushes grow, they can be tied into a support. It is advisable to remove the first color and leave 2 leaves on each formed vegetable. And for pollination, peppers are usually shaken. Harvest no more than once a week.

In open ground, the bushes also need to be tied up as they grow, watered weekly, and fertilized up to 5 times at intervals of a couple of weeks. The fruits are collected uncolored.

And in the end I found very detailed video. It tells you how to prepare seedlings, how to plant them, and further measures for caring for peppers. Take a look, I think this story will be very useful.

In fact, pepper is not very picky and anyone can grow it, the main thing is to follow all the steps described above and everything will work out!!

Growing pepper seedlings has its own characteristics. If errors occur with watering, sudden temperature fluctuations or unsuccessful transplantation, the plant stems become coarser and their potential yield is reduced. How to properly grow pepper seedlings?

How to plant pepper seedlings? Pepper is a rather quirky and heat-loving crop. However, gardeners are sowing pepper seedlings, and even more, they are growing crops with great success. The main thing is to know when to plant seeds for seedlings, and then provide the pepper with proper care when grown outdoors.

In Siberia

When to plant pepper seedlings in Siberia? Pepper varieties differ in maturity. The sowing period for seedlings depends on them; pepper in Siberia for seedlings must be sown taking into account harsh climatic conditions. It is necessary to guess the time of pepper ripening in open ground during the hottest summer time - July, early August.

The beginning of warm July is positive for collecting seeds, ripening fruits, rooting cuttings, and fertilizing. you can find out when to harvest peppers, eggplants and which days are unfavorable for sowing plants in July according to the Lunar calendar.

When to sow seedlings for peppers in Siberia? Varieties and growth time before planting in open ground:

• Early varieties. The ripening period of seedlings is 100-120 days, the age of seedlings for planting in open ground is 50-60 days, sowing time is in mid-March.
• Average maturity. The ripening period of seedlings from the moment of sowing is 120-135 days, the age of seedlings for planting is 60 days, the sowing time for seedlings is the third ten days of February.
• Late varieties. The ripening period is 136-150 days, the age of seedlings for planting is 60-75 days, sowing time is early February. The timing of seed maturation and its age for planting vary greatly in time because the seed germination time can vary from 14 to 35 days.

In the Urals

When to plant pepper seedlings in the Urals? Pepper is a plant that is heat-loving and only ripens in the southern regions. In all other areas it is grown only through seedlings; pepper in the Urals for seedlings simply cannot grow physically, it simply does not have time.

In what month should you sow pepper seedlings in the Urals?

MarchApril

The best dates for planting pepper seedlings according to the Lunar calendar will be February 9, 19, 23, as well as March 7, 20, 22. The ideal time would be the middle, or even better, the beginning of February. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the fact that not all varieties of pepper, but only Siberian selection, are suitable for planting; they are the most suitable for such conditions. Now on the market there is a good choice such varieties and hybrids of this nightshade culture. The most famous among them are:

• "Red Bull";

• "Bogatyr";

• "Merchant".

Sowing peppers in February for seedlings

The most optimal time for sowing sweet pepper seeds in central Russia is mid-February. It is too early to plant them in January, as the winter month does not provide enough light and the plants will be lethargic and weak, or require additional lighting.

For the southern regions of Russia, sowing begins earlier, since the warm climate allows more early landings seedlings in greenhouses and open ground, and for northern ones - later. Many gardeners use a calendar lunar seeding, and sowing time may vary from year to year.

In January

Favorable days for planting pepper seedlings in January are as follows: 5, 6, 7, 8, 30. Only on days 11 and 28 is it not recommended to deal with this issue.

December

December favorable days are 2, 20, 25, 29 and only 3 and 18 are unfavorable.

Sowing sweet pepper seeds for seedlings

Start growing pepper seedlings in late February or early March, but keep in mind:

1. An experienced gardener decided that if everything goes well, by the end of May or beginning of June the seedlings will be completely ready for planting in open ground.
2. If you live in the middle zone or further north, then March is better for you. For owners of more southern plots, the end of February will be a suitable date.
3. If you're having trouble deciding, check with your neighbors across the country or other tinkerers who have experience growing pepper seedlings.
4. Pepper seedlings begin to grow in February or March. In February, the suitable period for sowing pepper will be from 17 to 29, in April - from 16 to 28.
5. More specifically, especially the most favorable day, it will look like this: February 17, 18, 21, 22, 25, 26 and March 18, 19, 24, 25, 26.

When to plant hot pepper seedlings

To make your seedlings strong, you first need to know when to start sowing hot peppers for seedlings. Moon calendar will help you with this. The most favorable days begin from 10 to 15 and from 24 to 26 February. Planting also depends on the region in which you live. If the climate is warmer, then it is better to harvest at the beginning of February, and if it is cold, then at the end of the month.

Preparing pepper seeds for sowing seedlings

How to prepare pepper seeds for planting? The most difficult stage in cultivation is traditionally considered to be the first stage - planting. If preparing pepper seeds for sowing seedlings is done correctly, then further care will not be difficult, and you have every chance of getting an excellent harvest of sweet peppers.

Soil for seedlings of peppers and tomatoes

How to prepare soil for pepper seedlings? When the seeds are ready to sow, it's time to prepare the soil. For seedlings, you can use universal soil, which can be bought at any store.

You can even use soil from your garden. If it has been stored on the balcony all winter, before sowing the seeds it is brought into the warm room for 4-5 days so that it warms up. You can also mix all-purpose soil with garden soil in equal parts and add ash to the mixture.

How to properly prepare seeds

An important step in growing pepper seedlings is preparing the seeds for sowing. Since the seeds of this crop take a long time to grow, they must be pre-germinated. You will need to:

• Seed disinfection. This step can be skipped, but we recommend disinfecting the seeds in a pink solution of potassium permanganate. It is enough to keep them there for 30 minutes.
• Soaking pepper seeds. Wrap the seeds in a napkin, wet them well, place on a plate and wrap plastic bag or cling film.
• Place the seeds in a warm place. Place the plate with the seeds in a warm place (preferably a radiator). Make sure there is enough moisture. After about 3 days, the seeds should swell and hatch.

Planting pepper seeds and growing seedlings

Preparing the soil for pepper seedlings begins with choosing the soil. Peat tablets give good results when growing crops that experience increased stress during transplantation. For example, if tomato seedlings tolerate picking well, sweet peppers react painfully to transplantation. After picking, he does not move for a long time, especially if the picking was a little late and the seedlings have outgrown. This problem can be easily avoided by sowing pepper seedlings in peat tablets and growing them without picking.

How to grow peppers for seedlings in tablets

Peat tablets contain everything necessary for the development of seedlings. They allow you to grow good pepper seedlings even for beginners. Traditionally, pepper seedlings are sown at the end of February, when the days are still short.

Expert opinion

Filatov Ivan Yurievich, private farmer for more than 30 years

To get strong seedlings, it is necessary to supplement the crop with additional light. When grown in tablets, the sowing period can be postponed to the beginning of March, since without germination the seedlings will develop faster. Longer daylight hours will also contribute to this. Therefore, the favorable period for planting pepper seeds in peat tablets is from March 1 to March 10.

Sowing methods

A good way would be to sow pepper into the snail. You can get a large quantity planting material with a small area.

There are lovers of experiments among the residents of the Urals. Planting peppers in boiling water - isn't it amazing! You can act in different ways:

1. First, pour boiling water over the soil, and then distribute the seeds in it randomly. Spray the soil lightly and close the container tightly.
2. Lightly moisten and tamp the soil, sprinkle pepper seeds and pour hot water on top. The seed material itself will find its place in the ground. Close the container.

If you plant pepper seedlings in boiling water, then, according to the creators of the method, friendly shoots appear in 4-5 days. If necessary, the soil is spilled.

Ventilation of pepper seedlings is mandatory! Excess moisture on containers is removed with a sponge.

With the appearance of the first plants, the “greenhouses” are removed from the containers and placed in a well-lit window. Now you need to make sure the soil doesn't dry out. The cue for picking (with this method of growing seedlings) is the appearance of three or four actual leaves. Diving can be carried out in any container, or in diapers.

How to fertilize seedlings of peppers and tomatoes

The seedlings are fertilized in the morning. This method will help avoid blackleg and help properly absorb nutrients:

• Before applying mineral fertilizers, the soil must be watered. Instead of regular watering, use infusions of shells or tea.
• When fertilizing, it is important to ensure that the liquid does not get on the stems and leaves of the plants. You should not pour it under the root; it is better to irrigate it with soil around the stem.
• After the first shoots appear and until the end of fruiting, it is recommended to apply fertilizers 2 times a month.

The smaller the container in which eggplants or peppers are grown, the more nutrition there will be. In between, gently loosen the soil around the stems to improve ventilation and prevent root rot.

All liquid fertilizer is used only in warm form. Cold solutions can cause shock, ovary drop, or plant death. If fertilizer gets on the leaves, it should be carefully washed off with warm water from a watering can.

Timely feeding will ensure normal development of seedlings, plant health and excellent yields. By experimenting with fertilizers and different rates, you can achieve impressive results both at home and in the greenhouse.

Video

You can also watch a video where they will tell you how to properly sow pepper seedlings.