Installing a pump in a well is a very important process, the correctness and quality of which determines the duration of normal and uninterrupted operation equipment. The installation of a well pump is carried out after the drilling and surface equipment of the well or well is completed.
Most often, there is not much space in suburban areas, so drilling a well is preferred to digging a well. The well itself does not take up much space, which cannot be said about the well, which is its huge advantage.
Water supply from a well can be carried out using an installation. In order to ensure the rise of water from the well, the installation of a well pump will be required. In order to install a submersible pump with your own hands, you need to know the operating features and connection of the equipment.
Main characteristic properties submersible pumping equipment are as follows:
- the ability to create water pressure at a level that ensures its optimal extraction from the well and supply to the water supply system;
- high duration of uninterrupted operation;
- cylindrical body shape, which provides a certain convenience during installation;
- Some models are capable of pumping from a well that contains impurities in the form of sand and clay; such devices are made of materials that have high wear resistance.
Deep pumping equipment is different good quality manufacturing and a high degree of reliability. These qualities allowed these devices to gain high popularity and become in demand among owners country houses and summer cottages.
If a pump is stuck in a well, it is quite difficult to pull it out without damaging the device itself, without serious costs...
Selection of pumping equipment for a well
The selection and installation of a well pump depends on a large number of factors:
- equipment location;
- required pressure;
- coefficient of water pressure loss due to the occurrence of technological friction in the pipeline;
- the magnitude of the pressure difference when turning off and on;
- equipment reliability;
- ease of use;
- cost of equipment.
For subsidiary farming and autonomous water supply country house or summer cottage submersible pumps are selected according to the following parameters:
- dimensions;
- power of available power supply;
- performance;
- price.
Main technical criteria wells:
- immersion depth, which is measured in meters; the value of this parameter characterizes the height to which the deep pump should raise water;
- the volume of water that enters the well per hour is an indicator characterizing the flow rate of the well, measured in cubic meters, and the power is selected in accordance with this criterion.
The productivity should not exceed the productivity of the well, while at the same time the power of the equipment is sufficient to raise the water to the required height.
The reliability and durability of the operation of deep-well equipment primarily depends on the correct installation in the well.
If you have the required amount of knowledge and skills, you can connect the well pump yourself. To install it yourself, you need to thoroughly study the methods and technologies of installation work and connections.
Each model has its own connection features. For this reason, the manufacturer provides an installation diagram for the pump. The connection diagram contains sequential instructions for installing and connecting the equipment to the electrical network.
When making connections, you must strictly follow the manufacturer's instructions. This will allow you to avoid difficulties and errors when installing the pump and breakdowns during operation.
Preliminary installation work
Before lowering the pump into the well, all its parameters should be measured. Main technical parameters are:
- depth;
- statistical and dynamic water level.
While everything is immediately clear about depth and width, not everyone knows what statistical and dynamic water levels are. These terms are most often known only to professionals.
The dynamic potential affects the power of the device used and determines how much water the well can produce per unit of time.
The statistical indicator indicates what minimum height pumping unit capable of raising water. It indicates the distance from the surface of the earth to the water level.
Before installing a pump in a well, you should decide how often the pump will be used. If frequent use is expected, then it makes sense to install a stationary power supply line for pumping equipment. For irregular use, an extension cord with an outlet will be sufficient to power the equipment.
When connecting an extension cord, it should be taken into account that the power consumption of the device is quite high, so the extension cord wire must have a suitable cross-section to prevent overheating and, as a result, short circuit and fire.
Rules for installation work
In order for the device to serve for a long time, the connection technology must be followed when installing it. Before carrying out all installation operations, it is necessary to compare the technical characteristics of the pump with the characteristics of the well to ensure their compliance with each other.
After comparing the characteristics, you should worry about providing power to the equipment. Depending on the pump model, single-phase or three-phase current may be required. Before starting work on installing a submersible pump, you will need to prepare the following tools:
- safety rope;
- kit for creating a head;
- clamps made of stainless steel;
- hose;
- HDPE pipe;
- a set of necessary fittings;
- valve having a spherical design.
The cable and hose should be prepared in such a length that it is sufficient for the entire depth of the well.
Additionally, during installation you will need a voltage stabilizer. This is due to the high sensitivity of the equipment to voltage drops in the network.
If necessary, the cable for power supply should be extended. The cable pieces should be connected to each other using soldering; this is required in order to improve the electrical contact between the cable pieces.
When extending the cable, you should carefully connect the wires in accordance with their color.
A ball valve is installed at the outlet of the pipe from the well and is used to regulate the flow.
It should be remembered that if there is no water in the well, connecting the device to the electrical network is prohibited.
Installation of equipment in a well
Before connecting, the casing pipe is checked for irregularities, narrowings and curvatures. All identified defects affect the functioning of the device and complicate the installation of the pumping apparatus.
Before installing a well pump, the well must be cleaned and pumped.
The video shows the installation of a deep well pump in a PVC casing pipe:
The pump can only be installed after preparatory work. When connecting the pump, if its design does not provide a check valve, it is recommended to install it yourself.
For convenience, the hose, power cable and safety rope are connected together using insulating tape. To seal the well, a cap is installed on the surface, to which a safety cable is attached, and the pipe and cable for power supply are brought out.
The pipes are connected without using threaded connections, which makes it possible to reduce the level of exposure of structural elements to corrosion processes that damage metal structural elements.
If you want to have on own plot free water in any quantity, then you should start by drilling a mine to the aquifer. The second step will be installing a deep-well pump in the well. It is the proper operation of such equipment that will guarantee high-quality watering. garden plants, continuous operation of the washing and dishwasher, bathroom and bath.
Deep well pumps for wells have different capacities, sizes and other parameters. In this article we will look at the main selection criteria. Installing optimal equipment will save you from many problems in the future and will give you confidence in the constant availability of H 2 O on your site.
General provisions
In order to successfully pump water from wells, wells or other bodies of water, there are the following types of pumps:
- Self-priming. Such equipment is installed on the surface and sometimes looks like a full-fledged pumping station. They cope well with sand wells that have a relatively shallow depth.
- Submersible. They have greater power, the volume of liquid pumped out and the height of the pressure column. Structurally capable of penetrating even very narrow shafts. Ideal for artesian wells.
Selection and installation
Since a deep well pump is suitable the best way, let's move on to the rules for choosing it. To do this, you first need to determine where the water supply is required and in what quantity.
Correct criteria
- Pump performance. The amount of liquid it can distill in one hour.
- Pressure height. The force of the liquid push is selected in accordance with the depth of the mine and its distance from the house.
- Well debit. The actual volume of water that can be provided by an aquifer in an hour of continuous supply.
In this regard, you should start choosing pumping equipment after they finish drilling the well and provide you with a technical passport with all the necessary data.
It must indicate:
- Shaft diameter. What will determine the diameter of the submersible apparatus?
- Static and dynamic water levels. The first is formed when the structure is idle, and the second when it is actively used.
- The productive capabilities of a well, which are measured by the number of cubic meters of liquid transferred per hour.
- Mine depth. Significantly influences the required head height.
You should not purchase a submersible pump that is too powerful for two reasons:
- Its price will be much higher, but why overpay?
- If its productivity turns out to be greater than the productivity of the well, then it will not have time to fill with water. This will result in dry running, which in the absence of special protection will lead to engine burnout.
Thus, we now know that the maximum power should not exceed the amount of water inflow. What affects the minimum?
Let's consider:
- Your family size. On average, one adult requires about 1000 liters per day. Multiply this number by the number of permanent residents, and you will know the daily water requirement of your home.
- Availability and size of a vegetable garden. Watering crops usually takes up to 2000 liters of necessary liquid.
- Number of simultaneously used consumption points.
Here is a sample list of them with standard flow rate, measured in m 3 / hour:
- washing – 0.7;
- bathroom – 1.2;
- bidet – 0.3;
- shower room – 0.8;
- dishwashing machine – 0.6;
- washbasin – 0.3;
- washing machine – 0.8;
- bathroom – 0.4
So to run washing machine and simultaneously filling the bath will require equipment with a capacity of at least 2000 m 3 /hour. But, do not forget that at this time there may be a need to also wash the dishes and go to the toilet.
In addition to the power that we select based on the capabilities of the well and the needs of the residents, it is also important to select the correct pressure height at which the liquid supply will be required.
We carry out the calculations as follows:
- Take the height of the house and add 6 meters to it.
- We multiply the resulting amount by the coefficient of pressure loss during movement through the pipeline. It is equal to 1.15.
- Now we add the depth of the shaft to the surface of the water surface. We take this value from technical passport provided by the drilling company.
- Next, you should take into account the distance of the well from the building requiring water supply. It is generally accepted that 10 m horizontally equals 1 m vertically.
Let’s assume that the height of your house is 7 m, the depth of the mine is 30 m, and the distance from the water intake points is 20 m. We substitute: (7+6)*1.15+30+2=46.95. That is, a pump is required with a head height of at least 47 m.
The most important thing is to calculate the water supply height rather than the pump power. Since it is rare that all water consumption points are open, a miscalculation with pressure can lead to a complete absence of H 2 O in the water supply system.
Tip: if there is a possibility of an error in calculating equipment performance, it is recommended to install membrane tank.
Using it, it will be possible to set the pressure level, which will avoid water hammer along with frequent engine starts and stops.
Installation
How to install a deep-well pump in a well? To do this you will need the device itself, metal-plastic pipe required length, adapter, steel rope and electrical cable with waterproofing.
The installation instructions look like this:
- We screw a special nipple onto the outlet of the pump, sealing the connection using a “winding”. It will serve as an adapter for the casing pipe thread.
- Before fixing, we align the polyethylene pipe as much as possible with our own hands. This will allow the device to be lowered as smoothly as possible.
- Connect the power cable. In this case, it is necessary to ensure waterproofing as best as possible using special corrugation or heat-shrinkable tubes.
Advice: when purchasing equipment, immediately check for the presence of a wire.
Because it is usually not included in the package and therefore must be purchased separately.
- We tie the steel cable to the eyes specially designed for this purpose, located on the pump body. From above it can be attached to a winch mounted on a tripod. This will make it easier to immerse the device to great depths and will immediately answer the question of how to get a deep pump from a well for Maintenance.
- Now we firmly tie the pipe, cable and cable together with special clamps so that we get one solid route.
- We lower the unit. We carefully overcome the places where it clings to the walls using rotational movements.
- We fix the position of the pump below the dynamic water level, but at a height of at least a meter from the bottom. This will prevent sand and other small particles from being sucked into the system.
- We install an elbow on top that directs the pipe towards the house and seal the shaft hermetically to prevent oxygen and atmospheric precipitation, which contribute to the corrosion process.
- We dig a trench towards the building with a depth below freezing of the soil. Depending on the region, it can vary from fifty centimeters to one and a half meters.
- We connect it to the water supply system of the house and use clean and free water from the well.
The drilling of a well on the site near the country house has been completed. The next question facing the owner is the choice of a pump that would be able to extract and transfer water to users as efficiently as possible. The optimal solution is to purchase a submersible pump for a well. This article will help you decide on the model and main characteristics of the device.
How to choose a pump for a well
Submersible water pumps for wells are selected based on:
- types of devices differing in principle of operation;
- well parameters;
- technical characteristics equipment.
Types of Submersible Pumps
How to choose a device that is most suitable for a well in suburban area? First of all, you need to decide on the type of pump.
All submersible pumps can be divided into several types according to their operating principle:
- centrifugal;
- vortex;
- vibration;
- screw.
A submersible centrifugal well pump works by creating turbulent flow by rotating diffusers.
Centrifugal pumps are easy to use and do not require special maintenance. The cost of the equipment is relatively low. However, the device also has negative aspects, which include:
- the need to install an additional filter at the bottom of the well. Centrifugal pumps are very sensitive to various impurities and/or small particles entering the device;
- The device must be put into operation by first filling the pump with water. Running the pump “dry” will lead to equipment failure.
One of the types of centrifugal devices are those capable of pumping both clean and slightly clogged water.
Centrifugal submersible pumps can be used for both deep and small wells.
A vortex-type submersible well pump lifts water by mixing air supplied to the chamber through a special pipe and working fluid.
Vortex pumps have low power and are therefore used only for shallow wells.
The operating principle of a vibration pump is based on the movement of the rod due to electric current.
The advantages of a vibration pump are:
- reduced requirements for water quality. The device is capable of pumping water with minor impurities without damage to wear;
- high reliability achieved by simplicity of design.
Along with significant advantages equipment, there are also disadvantages of the device, which include:
- vibration created by the pump negatively affects the walls of the well. If the walls are not secured with specialized materials, they gradually collapse;
- small working depth.
Vibration pumps must not be installed below 5 m from the ground level.
A screw-type submersible well pump consists of a housing (stator), inside of which a spiral-shaped rotor rotates. When the rotor rotates, water is drawn from the well and supplied to the pipeline.
Screw pumps are capable of lifting water from a depth of 40 - 50 m, but due to the increased friction created inside the structure, the equipment requires periodic cleaning and replacement of working parts.
Progressive cavity pumps are primarily used for industrial purposes.
Well parameters influencing pump selection
The selection of a submersible pump should also be based on the parameters of the well, which can be obtained from the technical passport of the structure, issued after manufacture, or measured independently using a load and a long rope. The main parameters that are important when choosing a pump include:
- depth, defined as the distance from the surface of the earth to the bottom of the well. This indicator is necessary to determine the pressure of the device;
- The diameter of the well is necessary to determine the diameter of the equipment. The pump should not touch the walls of the well, but should not have a diameter that is too small, as this affects the performance of the device;
The optimal pump diameter is 20-30 mm less than the well diameter.
- well flow rate. The indicator determines the volume of water that can be lifted from a well per unit of time. Correct definition debit influences the choice of pump power. Exceeding capacity over debit can lead to “drying up” of the water source;
- statistical and dynamic water levels. The statistical level determines the constant amount of fluid in the well. The dynamic level is calculated based on their constant consumption. These indicators are important to consider when choosing a pump to determine the immersion level.
Determination of technical parameters
The technical characteristics of the pump that you should pay attention to when choosing a submersible pump are the following parameters:
- equipment performance. This parameter shows how much liquid the pump can pump in a certain unit of time. Productivity can be calculated in m³/hour. The calculation of productivity is determined based on consumption standards and plumbing fixtures installed in the house based on consumption rates developed by specialists;
- the height of pressure to which the pump can lift water. When calculating the indicator, the depth of the well and the length of the pipeline should be taken into account, and 10 m of length increases the height indicator by 1 m. To provide an additional reserve, it is recommended to increase the resulting indicator by 5 - 12 m. For example, the depth of the well is 10 m. For drainage, a pipeline 20 m long is used The minimum pump head should be 10+20/10+10=22 m.
A good submersible well pump must meet all the necessary requirements.
Without determining the basic parameters, it will not be possible to select a submersible pump.
Additional parameters for pump selection
To determine which better pump, it is also recommended to rely on additional parameters, which include:
- water quality. If the water contains a large amount of impurities, then it is more advisable to purchase a device equipped with additional filters or grinders;
- ways to start equipment. If the well is located near the house, then the pump can be turned on by hand. If the well is located at a considerable distance from buildings, then it is better to purchase a submersible pump for the well with automation, that is, the device will operate depending on the water flow;
- cost of equipment. It is not recommended to purchase cheap devices, since in the case of submersible pumps the famous saying “the miser pays twice” applies.
Rules for installing a submersible pump
Installing a submersible pump in a well does not cause problems even for an inexperienced user. Included with each device detailed instructions on installation and use of equipment.
Installation of equipment occurs according to the following scheme:
- at the first stage, you need to purchase all the components: a pump through which the water will rise, a cable for fastening, an additional electrical cable, a check valve if it is not included in the pump kit;
- Before installation, the structure must be assembled into a single whole. Work begins with installation check valve, preventing the reverse flow of liquid;
When installing a check valve, you need to pay attention to the flow of water. It is usually shown with an arrow on the equipment itself.
- Next, an adapter for the pipe is installed. All connections must be sealed using fum tape;
- at the next stage, a pipe is connected to raise water from the well;
- Every 80 - 100 cm a power cable is fixed to the pipe. This can be done using insulating tape or specialized clamps;
The cable cannot be fastened to the pipe under tension. It should be slightly loosened.
- a steel cable is attached to support the pump in the well;
- the pump is lowered into the well to a previously determined level;
- power supply is connected;
- A cap is installed on the top of the well to prevent contamination.
You can learn more about the process of installing a well pump by watching the video.
The selection and installation of a well pump should be treated with utmost care. The wrong choice of equipment, as well as incorrect installation, will lead to the inoperability of the entire water supply system.
To go to the site and Vacation home water flowed uninterruptedly, it is best to use wells that supply water directly from deep aquifers. The construction of such wells is as simple as possible. They represent a trunk that can reach from a couple of meters to 40 m. In order for the water supply from the well to be carried out uninterruptedly, it is necessary to install special equipment.
A variety of devices are used, including pumps, which can be surface or submersible. Surface ones are installed above the well, they are designed to work with shallow depths. These devices are good for a well, but it is better not to use them for a deep well; they definitely will not cope with the task. For such sources, deep-well pumps are used. They are placed inside the well itself below the surface of the water and can suck water from above or from the bottom. The design of a deep-well pump is simple, there are different models on sale. It will not be difficult to choose a suitable option for a well.
Features of a deep-well pump and its characteristics
The design of deep-well pumps largely depends on the parameters, operating principle, and type of engine. This equipment is designed to lift water from a fairly large depth. In everyday life, they are used for wells, wells for sand or limestone. The name itself indicates that the equipment is immersed under the surface of the water surface, from the device comes a power cable in a protective sheath and a pipe that supplies water upward.
Special automatic blocks are used for control, but they are placed in a caisson. The pump itself is usually equipped with a motor, a built-in filter, and water can be drawn from the bottom of the equipment or from the top. The first option is more preferable, since with the help of such a device the well can be cleared of sand and silt. It must be remembered that the immersion level is usually no more than 20 m from the surface. This is the limit value, which is calculated from the ratio of static and dynamic water levels.
The well device itself may include 2 parts:
- motor (built-in or external);
- pumping multistage part.
If the engine is built-in, then it is placed at the bottom to protect it as much as possible from the negative effects of water. Next, the equipment drive shaft, working wheel guides, and special blade outlets are located in the upper part of the housing. The vibration pump consists of a special glass and housing. There is a vibrator that creates required pressure, and an electric motor. The most complex element is the vibrator, which ensures the rise of water. This includes an anchor, a rubber shock absorber, and adjusting washers.
The shock absorber compresses during operation, creating the necessary conditions for water intake.
The centrifugal pump is a little more complex, but its operation is more reliable and durable, which is why many people prefer it. Attention here should be paid to the blade outlet, which is attached to the motor. The durability and quality of work depends on it. The bearings provided here are effectively cooled by water, so overheating does not occur. Often the pump has built-in sensors that allow you to immediately stop the operation of the equipment when too much sand begins to flow and the water drops to an unacceptable level. When using pumping equipment for sand wells, it is necessary to provide a filter that will protect the mechanism from suction of abrasive inclusions.
What influences the cost?
The design of the pump has a certain impact on the cost:
- Technical characteristics, water supply, performance and power. For deep-water equipment, it is important exactly how water will be supplied and under what pressure this will happen.
- Engine type and power have always been one of the most important values. The more powerful the equipment, the greater the depth it will be able to lift water, but its cost will be higher.
- With an increase in power, the price increases by 4 thousand rubles for a difference of 0.75-1.5 kW.
- Resistant to dirt and sand. It is important to use a pump that will not break if there is sand in the water. No pump can move clean sand, but there must be protection against it, especially for sand wells. For limestone sources this is of great importance does not, but it is important to remember this when choosing. Sand protection is provided by a special built-in filtration system.
- Performance affects cost as the pump design is more complex.
Types of submersible pumps
The design of deep-well pumps largely depends on what type they are. Two groups can be distinguished:
- by type of design and engine location;
- according to the operating principle, i.e. depending on how the water is collected.
When using the pump, it is important to note that the design can be of different types:
- Rod pumps are maximally protected from negative influence water. The engine is not located inside the housing, but on the surface, separate from the device. The thrust is transmitted through a special rod drive to the pump.
- Rodless pumps have a motor that is attached to the housing and is also located in the water. This type of pump is most often used, since it is more convenient to install, although its cost may be higher. A similar unit is used for wells of any type; it is often equipped with wells, sewer and drainage networks.
Such pumps are usually made in the form of a cylinder, the diameter can be up to 140 mm. For country wells, units with a diameter of 100 mm are used. Their cost is optimal, the lineup presented quite widely.
Selection of pumps taking into account the operating principle
The deep well pump may have different design depending on the operating principle. There are vibration and centrifugal pumps, which differ in their characteristics. All vibration borehole pumps, which are mounted in the wellbore, differ in the following features:
- They are stain resistant environment, which makes it possible to use it for any type of soil.
- The range of devices is varied.
- The cost of a vibration device is not that high; often the electrical cable for the pump costs more than the pump itself.
But there are a number of disadvantages that should not be forgotten:
- The flow capacity of this type of pump is low.
- Reliability and durability are nothing special; the service life of the vibration pump is short.
- The equipment vibrates during operation. This circumstance is one of the most serious, since the walls of the well may begin to collapse, especially if there is no casing. The unit begins to sway during operation and its housing may be damaged. But the cost of the device is low; it is this circumstance that often plays a primary role when choosing equipment for wells.
The centrifugal pump is no less popular today, as it has a high level of efficiency, which makes it possible to purchase a cheaper device with a slightly lower power level. Centrifugal pumps can be multistage. This allows water to be pumped at more high level pressure, the productivity of such devices is an order of magnitude higher.
Equipment maintenance is simple, as is use, but it is devices of this type that are sensitive to contamination, so it is necessary to use additional filters. The contamination rate for a centrifugal pump is up to 150 g/cubic meter of liquid, but there are also special pumps that can operate with contaminants of 20 kg/cubic meter. The cost of this equipment is high; such pumps are not used for small wells.
Using a deep well pump requires careful selection of the device. You should understand what exactly a pump is and what operating features are characteristic of it. All deep-well pumps that are used today can be divided into centrifugal and vibration, they may also differ in other ways.
How to choose the right equipment for organizing autonomous water supply? Along with the arrangement of a water intake source (well, borehole), it is necessary Special attention pay attention to the method of raising the liquid from them to the surface. To solve this problem, submersible centrifugal pumps are most often installed.
Purpose
Autonomous water supply consists of several elements: source drinking water, piping systems and pressure creation mechanisms for transporting liquids. Their correct design and interaction with each other is the key to optimal performance.
Pumping equipment is the main part, which must solve the following tasks:
- Lifting drinking water from an underground source to its distribution system.
- Providing the required pressure and volume.
- Uninterrupted operation (in accordance with operating conditions).
- Maximum ease of management and process automation.
One of optimal solutions, satisfying the above conditions, centrifugal pumps will be installed. Along with simple and reliable design they have good performance properties. Their main area of application is raising water from wells and wells. Depending on the depth, submersibles of varying power are installed. For artesian wells, this figure can reach 50 m. Wells, in most cases, have a depth of up to 7 m.
Operating principle
Basis for the right choice and operation is the operating scheme that distinguishes submersible centrifugal pumps from other devices of similar purpose. Their design corresponds to operating conditions - being in a liquid environment, the housing should not be subject to corrosion. Since an electric motor is used as a power unit, it is mandatory to completely waterproof it to avoid breakdowns and malfunctions. Let's consider the design of a submersible centrifugal pump. A typical pump consists of the following elements:
- The electric motor is the sealed part of the pump in which the power unit is installed. With the help of the shaft, the rotational energy is transmitted to the next node.
- Paddle compartment - located at the bottom of the device. Designed to create pressure, causing water to rise upward.
- A pipeline is a transport hub for moving liquid to a consumer point - a home water supply or irrigation system.
The pump is made of materials that are not subject to corrosion - polymers High Quality or of stainless steel. At the bottom of the housing there are intake holes that serve as a filter. Large debris does not enter the pump. During rotation of the blades, under the action of centrifugal force, water masses move through the receiving chamber of the device. At the same time, they act as an engine cooler, preventing it from overheating. For timely start (stop), water is connected to the pump control unit. In addition to them, external control elements can be connected to the system - a pressure alarm in the water supply of the house or direct switching on (off).
Kinds
Depending on the technical characteristics, submersible centrifugal pumps may differ slightly in design. When choosing the optimal model, you should take into account the composition and degree of contamination of the water, as well as its depth. The last factor will directly affect the pump power.
The design of household models is relatively simple: the engine, together with the impeller, generates sufficient water pressure during operation. They are simple, reliable, have small overall dimensions. But if the drinking water horizon is deep enough, complex types of construction should be installed.
To increase this parameter, centrifugal submersible water pumps are equipped with a more powerful motor or a vertical pulley with several impellers. Thanks to this, they create increased water pressure to raise it to the surface.
Similar structures are also used for pumping oil. They have good performance and, most importantly, are reliable.
Characteristics
A standard submersible is selected based on its technical characteristics. In this case, you should pay attention to the power indicator. It is the determining factor when choosing a certain model devices. In addition, you need to know the following device parameters:
- Volume of pumped liquid - l/min.
- Height of the water column. Defines maximum depth wells (wells) and horizontal length of the pipeline.
- Additional equipment - water level sensors and emergency shutdown.
The body of most devices is made of stainless steel. In low-power models designed for small height water supply, it can be made of polymer materials.
terms of Use
Modern submersible centrifugal pumps must operate under conditions that are clearly specified in the instructions. Not only the quality of the device’s operation, but also its durability will depend on this. To the main operational characteristics include the composition and temperature of the water, the degree of its pollution. Particular attention should also be paid to stabilizing the supplied voltage.
Often submersible centrifugal machines are installed on personal plots, where current surges are a common occurrence. The electric motor does not have effective protection from such changes. Therefore, it is recommended to connect the device through a stabilization unit.
Installation
Basic installation rules are described in detail in the operating instructions. If you need to install a centrifugal one, you should consider a system for fixing it. On the pump body there is a special fastener. It is necessary to install the submersible cable.
The material for its manufacture must meet the following requirements:
- Do not corrode.
- The breaking load must be at least 5 times the weight of the device.
Do not lower the device using the power cable alone. The main load should fall on the mounting cable. It is attached to the surface: either to a transverse beam at the well neck, or to the outer protective walls of the well.
Service
The instructions also indicate the approximate period for carrying out preventive work. They mainly consist of checking the tightness of the housing, replacing rubber seals on the motor rod and cleaning the connection contacts. In the event of an unexpected breakdown, you should contact representatives of the manufacturer or a specialized repair shop.
It is also necessary to take into account that submersible centrifugal pumps can be additionally equipped with filters for pre-cleaning water. They are installed on the inlet pipe of the device and are replaced when dirty.
Before purchasing, you must clearly know the operating conditions under which the centrifugal submersible pump for a well will work optimally. To do this, it is recommended to adhere to the following recommendations:
- Water consumption. The water supply rate must correspond to the calculated standards.
- Height of the water column. When calculating it, not only the depth of the well (well), but also horizontal sections are taken into account. For them, a reduction factor of 0.1 is applied. If the well depth is 7 m and the horizontal pipeline is 12 m long, then the minimum height of the pump water column should be: 7 + 12 x 0.1 = 8.2 m.
- Water level sensors included.
- Equipment warranty, distance service center equipment manufacturer.
Considering these indicators, you can choose optimal model pumping station, which will provide the required volume of water. In addition, they can perform the functions of draining flooded cellars and basements. The main thing is to take into account the composition of the liquid and acceptable standards its contamination for a specific pump model.
Thanks to this, they create increased water pressure to raise it to the surface.
