An offensive shot in volleyball involves hitting the ball hard into the floor on the opponent's side of the net. You wait for the set player to serve the ball near the net, approach him and go on the “attack”. If the ball hits the ground before the other team hits it, your team scores a point. After learning the basics of the offensive punch, practice alternating sets and training to increase the power of your punches.
Steps
Part 1
Striker Basics- If you have long legs or long strides, stand a little further away.
- If you are right-handed, you can perform a more powerful offensive stroke when approaching from the left side, and vice versa if you are left-handed. If you are tall and can jump higher, try starting closer to the middle.
-
Watch the server. The center position player will serve the ball high in your direction, curving its trajectory so that it lands close to the net in a position favorable for an attacking shot to the other side. After serving the ball, you will begin your run-up.
- When you are practicing your hitting, it is best to use an experienced pitcher. The ball should rise and fall in a gentle arc next to the net, putting you in the perfect position to attack.
- Since you are practicing with a team, you need to call out to team members to let them know you are making a shot. Many teams come up with names for each zone, if you have them, use them.
-
Take the correct position. Keep your eyes on the ball and bend your knees to get ready to move. If you are right-handed, place your left foot behind your right. If left-handed, then right leg behind the left.
Take the first step towards the ball. Take a confident first step with your left foot towards the ball. If you're left-handed, do the opposite.
Take a powerful second step. Step with your right foot to gain speed (if left-handed, this will be your left foot). At the same time, move your arms back behind you to prepare to strike. The length of this second step will vary depending on the position of the ball; if he is further away from you, take a shorter step; if further away from you, take a longer step.
Follow the last step to straighten your legs. Step again with your left foot (or right if you're left-handed) and end with your shoulders shoulder-width apart and your knees bent. Your arms should be pulled back behind you.
- The arm swing is very important when it comes to jump height. A well-timed swing will help build momentum. Achieve timing perfection through practice.
- Make sure your feet are shoulder-width apart so you don't lose your balance at the end.
- Keep your head up to watch the ball as it comes towards you.
-
Jump right before the ball hits. As soon as you complete the last step, turn your body at a 30-degree angle to the net, with the shoulder of your hitting side further away from it. Jump up and swing your arms forward while jumping into the air. The higher you jump, the more powerful your kick will be.
Raise your hand to strike. Once at the peak height of the jump, swing your arms above your head. Pull your right elbow (or left if you're left-handed) back and bend it at a 90-degree angle. The hand should be at head level.
Hit the ball with the center of your hand. Keep your palm open and your fingers closed. To quickly move your hand toward the ball and make contact, rotate your arm at your shoulder and jerk your forearm forward. Bend your wrist sharply downward to impart topspin and drive the ball down into your opponent's court.
- Try to hit the ball at the top of your jump to give maximum power to your shot.
- Lower your arm “through” the ball next to your torso. This ensures that you don't lose momentum throughout the stroke.
- Touching the net is prohibited by the rules. After the shot, move your arm back towards your body to avoid a free kick.
- Be careful not to “carry” or “hold” the ball in your hand even for a second, as this is against the rules.
-
Bend your knees when your feet touch the ground. This will help restore your balance and avoid ankle injury.
Return to the starting position. If the opposing team hits the ball, then you need to be ready for further action. Step away from the net and return to your starting position. Keep your eyes on the ball all the time.
Part 2
Building up power-
Practice maneuvering your feet without the ball. When you're first learning to throw an offensive shot, it's important to focus on your footwork. Practice hard enough to master the volleyball approach enough to perform it in your sleep. Remember to start behind the attack line and move towards the imaginary ball. Focus on mastering a fast, powerful run-up.
Practice swinging as often as possible. Take a volleyball and practice hitting it against a wall, over and over again. Toss it up into the air or serve it to yourself, then practice pulling it back and making an offensive strike. Remember to sharply bend your forearm forward, tilting your elbow and rotating it toward the ball. The faster you can do this, the more powerful your offensive strike will be.
- It's not a bad idea to practice on your own, but it can also be helpful to practice with a partner who can serve you the ball so that you can fully work on your run-up, jump and swing.
- Focus on making solid contact with the ball, flexing your wrist sharply, and finishing your shot.
-
Increase the height of your jump. The height of your jump depends on your entire run-up, not just your final step. Make sure you approach the ball with energy to start gathering momentum. Swing your arms back vigorously as you bend your knees. When you jump, your entire body should move upward in one fell swoop, putting you in the best possible position for your offensive strike.
- Practice jumping as high as possible, and at the peak of the jump, deliver an attacking blow every time.
- Try working with a hitting machine. This is a device that holds the ball high, forcing you to jump high enough to hit it at the top of your jump and knock it out of the device.
-
Concentrate on timing. Knowing exactly when to hit the ball will really affect the power of your shot. You need to time your run-up so that you can make contact with the ball in its "sweet spot", a position where your hand can hit it down while you're still at the top of your jump. Timing is one of the most basic skills to master; Only after hard training will you be able to achieve maximum punching power.
- To learn timing, it is helpful to practice with a good pitcher. Work with someone who can hit the ball high and in the right position for you to hit it at the top of your jump.
- When you run up to the ball to hit, follow it with your eyes. If you hit it with your fingertips or too low of your hand, know that you have wasted time.
-
Always finish the shot to the end. Follow-through is very important for a power shot because without it, you are forced to break the momentum of your hand before it has a chance to actually hit the ball at full speed. The key is to complete the shot without touching the net. Bend your elbow as you complete the shot so that you can keep your arm close to your body instead of touching the net.
Do strength exercises. Serious volleyball players perform specific exercises to tone their calves, abdominals, rotator cuffs and other muscles that are involved in a powerful jump into the air. Work with a trainer to start training that will help you jump higher. Here are some exercises to try:
Part 3
Performing an attackWork on the angle of your shot. The shot will be more powerful and effective when you hit the ball at a sharp downward angle. You need it to hit the ground as quickly as possible, so that the enemy does not have time to fight it off. Once you have mastered the correct punching form, practice punching at an acute angle.
-
Learn to see blocking players. Blockers are players on the opposing team whose job is to block your shot from crossing the net. No matter how hard you hit the ball, if you hit the ball straight at the blocker, you probably won't score a point for your team. It's important to keep your eye on the ball, but you have to learn to look for blockers out of the corner of your eye so you can avoid them near the net.
- The best way to practice spotting blockers is to practice with opposing players. When practicing your offensive strike, have them block your attacks.
- By correctly aiming your shots beyond the reach of blockers, you can avoid them.
- Remember to bend your wrist sharply when completing the shot so that the ball receives topspin; this will make it more difficult for blockers to block the ball successfully.
-
Develop a strategy with team members. Many volleyball teams use code words, special formations and other strategies to mislead opponents. Making an effort to distract or confuse an opponent before an offensive strike will in a great way clear the hole on the other side so you can score a point. Read related articles about volleyball strategy and what you need to do to beat your opponent to a clean sheet.
- In order for the ball to go down, it needs to have topspin, and to do that you have to flick your wrist at impact. Practice hitting the ball against a wall while flicking your wrist forward.
- Shout “My” or “Open” before moving towards the ball. This will signal to your team members that you are picking up the ball and will help prevent collisions.
- If you are unable to hit the ball down, do exercises to improve your vertical jump so that you can jump high enough to “get to the top” of the ball.
- One of the most used run-ups for striking: left, right, left, jump, strike! Remember to think about the rhythm of your steps as this helps you become familiar with your run-up.
- There are many different types takeoffs; and the one your trainer teaches you may be different from the one described above.
- When you jump to hit, jump towards the net, not straight up. This will greatly increase the power of your strike. Depends on whether you can delay the jump and time it correctly.
- If you are the center player and positioned close to the net (called "B" or "2" on some teams), you will need to begin your run-up before the ball is served.
- It is not always necessary to throw an offensive blow during an attack. A well-placed graceful throw (a short shot into an unprotected part of the court), a sweep (a light touch to hit the ball into the opponent's block and send it towards the ground), or a shot serve (a long, flat serve into an unprotected part of the court) can catch your opponents off guard and score one point for you.
Warnings
- Keep in mind that in organized competitive volleyball there are many rules governing who can hit an offensive shot and how.
- To prevent serious injury, always stretch before performing intense physical activity.
- Do not allow your hand to pass over the net during the shot - this is a mistake.
- Don't let your foot cross the line of the net, otherwise your opponent will score a point.
-
Take a position. Volleyball rules state that you must be the front row player to throw the ball over the net. It is most effective to throw the ball from the right or left side at a sharp downward angle. Whether you are hitting the ball from the left or right position, stand behind the 3-meter line (the attack line), which is approximately four steps from the net.
Yu.D, Zheleznyak, Yu.M. Portnov suggest that mastering attacking strikes largely depends on the development of speed-strength qualities (jumping ability and dynamic strength) and coordination abilities (spatio-temporal and muscular coordination) of a volleyball player. When learning an attacking strike, a dissected method is used: the final movement (final effort) is studied - swinging and hitting the ball in the supporting position; jump up with a push with two legs from a place and a run; strike in an unsupported position (in a jump) from a place and after moving in one, two and three steps; kick from passes of different heights and distances; blow with resistance from blockers.
The exercises and their methodological sequence are the same in nature for all methods of attacking strikes.
Lead-in exercises:
1. Jump with a push with two legs from a place, vertical take-off; the same after moving and stopping; the same with a rotation of 90, 180, 360; jump up with a push with two legs with a run in one, two, three steps. At the last step, the right foot is in front, the left foot is placed next to it.
2. Mastering the rhythm of the run: steps according to markings, using sound cues (reproducing the rhythm of steps).
3. Mastering hitting the ball with your hand: hitting a volleyball with your hand while kneeling on a gymnastics mat. The swing is small, at the moment of impact the arm is straightened; hitting a ball mounted on rubber shock absorbers; a series of hits on the ball against the training wall.
4. Throwing a tennis ball over the net with a running jump.
5. An attacking strike on a ball mounted on rubber shock absorbers while jumping: from a standstill and from a run.
6. An attacking shot through the net on a ball placed in a holder.
7. Mastering hitting a flying ball. Throwing the ball to different heights and hitting it overhead: standing still and jumping. The same in pairs with partner transfer.
8. An offensive strike through the net at a ball aimed with the help of a ball thrower, which allows the ball to be sent along a strictly established trajectory. If there is no such device, the coach or partner tosses the ball.
Attacking strikes are the most effective method attacking actions of the team. These techniques are performed in a running jump at the net. The attacking blow delights the audience and gives great pleasure to the volleyball players themselves.
The main method of an attacking strike is a direct attacking strike “on the move”, when the direction of the ball’s flight coincides with the direction of the player’s run before the jump.
An offensive strike with a transfer is a type of direct gift; it is a strike when the direction of the ball's flight after the strike does not coincide with the direction of the player's run before the jump.
The most difficult thing about the technique of attacking shots is that the player must very accurately calculate his actions in accordance with the height and direction of the ball and hit the ball in highest point jump. Most mistakes when studying an attacking shot come from the inability of those involved to reach the ball in a timely manner: the player jumps too early, or is late with the jump, as a result of an inaccurately calculated jump for the strike, the ball ends up behind the player, far in front or to the side of him. Such shortcomings make it difficult for students to master the correct movement when hitting the ball and delay the process of developing the motor skill of an attacking strike for a long time. That is why, when teaching an attacking strike, the role of special exercises (preparatory and lead-in) is so great.
A.V. Belyaev, M.V. Savin recommend starting training with a direct attacking strike along the way, then move on to mastering the attacking strike with transfers. In the future, as you master the direct blow, you can study the side attack kick. Training is carried out only in the following sequence:
1. Jump up from a place with a push with both legs and a swing of the arms;
2. Run-up with a jump and swing;
3. Hit the ball.
Sample exercises for training:
1. Jump from a place upwards with a swing of your arms.
2. The same, but with a rotation of 90, 180, 360.
3. Jump up with a push with both legs after one step forward, to the side.
4. Jumping from a swing bridge.
5. Jumping from an elevated position.
2.1. Take a wide step forward, placing your foot on your heel, place the other foot and perform a jump (at the moment of the first step, take it back).
2. The same thing, but do it quickly.
3. The same, but perform the first (stopping) step abruptly.
4. The same thing, but do it in two or three steps.
5. The same, but with reaching the object at a height.
6. The same, but run-up from the offensive line.
When jumping, both arms are raised upward.
1. Imitation of a striking movement on the spot, in a jump, or from a running start.
2. Hit the ball with your hand while kneeling.
3. Hit a ball suspended at arm's length.
4. Hit the wall through the floor on the spot and while jumping.
5. Attacking strike in pairs on the spot and in a jump (one throws the ball and passes).
6. Throwing tennis balls over the net on the spot and from the run.
7. Hit over the net, standing on a platform, from your own toss.
8. The same, but the partner throws the ball.
9. Standing jump shot over the net from your own toss (shots from different zones).
10. The same, but the partner throws the ball.
11. The same, but from one, two, three steps.
12. The same, but with the transfer of a partner.
Errors during training:
Stopping step on the toe;
Stopping before pushing off;
Lack of forward-upward swinging movement of the non-hitting hand;
Strike with an arm bent at the elbow;
At the moment of impact, lower the elbow down;
Early or late takeoff;
Incorrect rhythm or run-up;
Incorrect squat depth before take-off and foot placement;
Slow repulsion;
Insufficient impact force and inaccurate placement of the hand on the ball;
Landing after an impact on straight legs.
An offensive strike is the main tactical means of fighting an opponent. The attacking player, depending on the direction and height of the passes, the attack zone, the location of the block and the opponent’s defenders, tries to choose the most rational (for a specific situation) method of attack. Lack of variability in the technique of attacking strikes leads to the loss of a point or serve.
The player taking the kick must:
1 - evaluate the quality of the second pass and choose the method of performing an attacking strike;
2 - monitor the movements of the opponent’s blockers and defenders;
3 - do not lose the ball with “inconvenient” passes;
4 - master strikes with the ball moving left and right, feint strikes, block strikes, etc.;
5 - before the run-up for an attacking strike - a quick look at the opponent's side to assess the position of the players of the defending team.
Improving the technique of attacking strikes includes the following groups of exercises:
a) offensive strikes from all types of passes to the target;
b) attacking strikes against a single and group block with a specific task for the opposing sides;
c) attacking attacks on defenders with a specific task for the opposing sides;
d) attacking strikes after receiving serves against the block and defenders.
Sample exercises:
1. An offensive strike in zone 4. A pass from zone 6 to 3, from 3 to 4 and an offensive strike. Next, the attacking player imitates a block in zone 3 - moves to zone 2, performs an attacking shot from the pass of the player in zone 3, then a block in zone 3, an attacking shot in zone 4, etc.
2. An attacking shot from low, short passes by the setter and behind his back (first pass from deep in the court).
3. An offensive strike from all types of passes into zones free from defenders (at the moment the attacking player takes off, 1-2 defenders change the zones of their original location).
4. An attacking shot from a block into touch (the first pass from the depths of the court).
5. An offensive strike against a single block with low and short second passes in front of the setter and behind his back (first pass from deep in the court).
6. Serial attacking strikes from zone 4 (2,3) from the second gear after the attacking player receives serves (hit on target). After each hit, receiving the ball in defense (hit from the coach).
7. The same, but with a single, group block, with one or two defenders.
8. Serial attacking shots from the second gear from all offensive zones after receiving serves from a non-striking player:
From all types of passes on target;
Against single and group block;
Against blocks and defenders.
9. An offensive strike from the first passes from different attack zones without a block, with a single block (the first pass is made from different zones after throwing the ball from the other side of the court).
10. Attacking strike at 1st and 2nd pace after receiving serves from non-attacking players, with a block and defenders.
A.G. Airiyants offers the following methods of technical training:
At the first stage, the main thing is to become familiar with the technique being learned.
1. Show. It must be exemplary and complemented by demonstration visual aids(films, diagrams, site layouts, etc.).
2. Explanation. It should be short and understandable for students. Usually the demonstration is alternated with an explanation.
At the second stage, the main thing is to study the technique in simplified conditions.
1. Holistic learning method. Holistic learning of a technique creates a more complete understanding of the action being studied and a solid logical basis for the formation of a motor skill. Typically, this method is used when learning simple techniques that are not complex in structure.
2. Dismembered method. A technique is divided into phases or parts, highlighting the main link or what is most difficult for the practitioner. You should not linger long on studying individual parts of the technique. Trainees are led to perform the movement as a whole as quickly as possible.
At the third stage, the main thing is to study the technique in complicated conditions.
1. Repeated method. Only repeated repetition contributes to the development and consolidation of skills and knowledge, stability and reliability of technology. Repetition involves changing conditions (gradually increasing complexity) in order to form a flexible skill.
2. Complication and difficulty of tasks compared to competitive ones (introducing several balls, increasing the number of actions per unit of time, quick switches, etc.).
3. Performing technical techniques against a background of fatigue (at the end of classes, after intense exercises).
4. Performing exercises in a martial arts environment with resistance.
5. Game method.
6. Conjugate method. It allows you to solve the problems of improving technology and developing special qualities, as well as technical training and the formation of tactical skills.
7. Competitive method.
At the fourth stage, the main thing is to secure the prima in the game.
1. Analysis of performed movements (using special types game recordings).
2. Special tasks on technology in the educational game.
3. Game method.
4. Competitive method.
5. Interval method.
Training begins with a direct forward strike along the way. Then they move on to mastering the attacking strike with translations. Training is carried out only in a dismembered method. First, they study the run-up and jump, seeking to consolidate the rhythm of movements. Special attention You should pay attention to the correct placement of your feet when pushing off. The following sample exercises are recommended for learning jumping:
1. Jump from a place up, up and forward, to the side, up and back.
2. Jump from a place with a turn (from 90 to 360) to the right and left.
3. Jump in series of 5-10 times, focusing on take-off altitude.
To study the running jump technique, after demonstration and explanation, you should perform it first with one step, then with two and finally with three steps. Sample exercises:
1. Take a step, bringing your right leg straight forward (stopping step), put your left leg in and jump up.
2. The same, focusing on the advanced swing movement with both hands.
3. Take a step, a stopping step and a jump up with a swing of your arms.
4. The same, but perform the stopping step abruptly. Particular attention should be paid to the placement of the stopping leg and the coordinated work of the legs and arms.
5. Perform a run-up in 2-3 steps, a stopping step and a jump up.
6. Perform jumps towards an attacking kick from a running start, according to the teacher’s signals in combination with other exercises.
At the beginning of learning the technique of running and jumping, it is necessary to monitor the active push-off from the support after jumping, as well as the active work of the arms in the swing movement, which contributes to a high jump.
When performing running jumps, the following mistakes are most common: in a stopping step, the foot is placed not on the heel, but on the toe, as a result of which there is no stopping effect, and the flight takes place in a horizontal plane; the player stops before taking off, which reduces the height of the jump; there is no advanced swinging movement of the arms, which reduces the height of the jump and disrupts the overall coordination of movements (1).
Errors are eliminated with the help of additional explanations and demonstrations, as well as lead-in exercises and repetitions of the exercises being studied at a slow pace.
Particular attention must be paid to landing. The player must land with straight legs and immediately bend them to prepare for subsequent actions. Special exercises help master landing:
1. Jumping from a place, paying attention to the landing.
2. Jumping from gymnastic equipment (horse, bench, gymnastic ladder).
3. Jumping from a swing bridge, paying attention to the landing.
After mastering a running jump or in parallel with it, you should study hitting the ball in simplified conditions - without a jump, using the following sample exercises:
1. Hit the ball suspended at arm's length, paying attention to the straightening of the arm upon impact.
2. Students sit in pairs. One player throws the ball with his left hand and hits with his right in the direction of his partner, who receives it from below with both hands.
3. The student positions himself against the wall (5-6 m) and performs an attacking blow with his own throwing on the floor at a distance of 1 m from the wall.
4. The same, but the strikes are performed continuously on the ball bouncing off the wall.
After mastering the parts of the attacking strike, students can perform it as a whole, but under simplified conditions. Sample exercises:
1. Imitation of an attacking blow. It is necessary to pay attention to the correct sequence of work of the body parts and their consistency.
2. The same, but at the net in zones 4, 3, 2. Then it is important to monitor the place of take-off and landing.
3. Players line up one at a time in zones 4, 3, 2. At the teacher’s signal, the player performs a run-up, jump and throw a tennis ball through the net with an attacking blow.
4. An offensive strike on a ball suspended above the net. Here simplified conditions are created for consistent and coordinated work of body parts when performing the technique as a whole.
5. Players line up in pairs. One of them, being on the side of the other player’s hitting hand, throws the ball up; the other, being at a distance of 2-3 m from him, runs up and performs an attacking blow.
This exercise can also be done against a wall.
6. The position is the same, but player 1, tossing the ball, stands at the net. Player 2 runs up and throws an offensive shot through the net.
7. The players are positioned as in exercise 5. Instead of tossing, the player passes the ball from above with both hands, and the partner performs an attacking blow from this pass.
8. Players with balls stand in a column one at a time in zone 4, one player in zone 3. From zone 4 a pass is made to zone 3. From zone 4 a pass is made to zone 3, the player in zone 3 passes the ball for a kick to zone 4, the player zone 4 runs up and carries out an attacking blow.
The passing player of zone 3 need not be changed, but if replaced, it will be by the player who took the offensive kick.
After mastering the strike from zone 4, you can perform offensive strikes from zone 3 with a pass from zone 2, and then from zone 2 with a pass from zone 3. In the latter case, you should pay attention to the fact that the pass is carried out from the weakest hand; therefore, the execution of the strike is somewhat specific.
Typical mistakes in an offensive strike initial period training:
during the run-up - delay in reaching the ball or running through the ball, approaching the net sideways;
in a jump - the jump is performed not upward, but in length, which is why it touches the net; insufficiently active arm movements in the swing motion;
when hitting - strike with a bent hand on the edge of the ball;
when landing - landing on straight legs without subsequently bending them at the knees.
To eliminate errors when performing an attacking strike, it is advisable to use a detailed demonstration and explanation of the structure of movements, imitation and leading exercises, highlighting an erroneous movement and studying it in detail, as well as performing an attacking strike under simplified conditions.
After mastering the structure of the movement, you can move on to improving it, mastering more complex options attacking blows, gradually increasing the degree of difficulty of the exercises and the conditions for their implementation. To do this, you can use typical exercises:
1. Attacking strikes from your own throw from different zones in various directions.
2. Attacking shots from long passes: from zone 4 from a pass from zone 2; from zone 2 from transmission from zone 4.
3. Attacking shots from short passes: from zone 4 from a pass from zone 4; from zone 3 from transmission from zone 3; from zone 2 from transmission from zone 2.
4. Attacking shots from a pass from deep in the court: from zone 4 from a pass from zone 6; from zone 2 from transmission from zone 6, etc.
5. Attacking strikes from high-speed and accelerated long and short passes: from zone 4 from passes from zones 3 and 2; from zone 3 from transmission from zone 2; from zone 2 from transmissions from zones 4 and 3.
6. Attacking shots from high-speed and accelerated short passes: in zone 4 from zones 4 and 6; in zone 3 from zone 3; in zone 2 from zone 2.
7. Attacking shots from passes far from the net: from zones 1, 5, 6 with passes from the net; from the front line zones with a pass distant from the net.
8. Attacking strikes with the body moving left and right in different directions.
9. Attacking strikes with the hand moving left and right into certain areas of the court.
10. Attacking strikes from first gear and kickbacks.
11. Attacking strikes with movement into adjacent zones.
12. Series of attacking strikes (10-15), performed with maximum speed.
13. Offensive strikes against single and group blocks. At a certain stage, it is necessary to improve attacking strikes with counteraction, which is most consistent with the conditions of the game.
14. Offensive strikes after passing, blocking, jumping, etc. Exercises of this type help develop the skill of using an offensive strike in the game.
The process of learning and improving attacking strikes should be structured so that the student gradually masters all their methods and options, learns to perform with any hand from various starting positions in different conditions.
In a volleyball match, one of the most exciting moments is the attack. It gives winning points and makes fans watch with bated breath. But making an effective offensive shot in volleyball is not so easy. The player must master the attack technique, and the team must be able to create right time moment for its implementation.
What can be an attacking blow in volleyball?
Let's take a brief look at how to punch in volleyball and what types of attack are used.
An experienced player can speed the ball up to 125 km/h. It is difficult to accept such a serve, but even more difficult to execute. The blocker and finisher undergo mandatory training in hitting in volleyball, practicing basic maneuvers and techniques. But attacks alone cannot win a match. The opponent needs to be confused and exhausted with combinations of different types of serves.
Types and characteristics of impact:
- Discount. A defensive maneuver used when you need to throw off your opponent's rhythm. Allows you to destroy his protection scheme.
- Slow attack. A low-power serve with a spun ball.
- Swipe. Sharp and clear delivery of the ball over the net in the air. The player must calculate both the strength and accuracy of the attack. The ball must land within playground opponent. Difficult presentation. Only many hours of practicing hitting in volleyball will give results.
- Direct attack. The attack is carried out with a short energetic run and a maximum jump.
- Side attack. Performed in a high jump and with the arm straightened.
It will be effective in volleyball with an experienced coach who will tell and show in practice how to correctly perform a jump and run-up, choose a place to serve, when and in what position to stay in order for the serve to be effective.
Attack technique
In volleyball, for an effective attack, the technique of such a strike, thoroughly worked out in classes, and the position of the player (pass with the near or far hand), and his physical characteristics are important. The attack combines:
- take a three-step run;
- choosing a jump location;
- high jump;
- swing and hit the ball.
It is extremely difficult to hit the right shot in a game of volleyball. But only such an attack will give results, and also a competent “reading” of the opponent.
At the beginning of the chapter devoted to the presentation of the technique and tactics of an attacking strike, it is necessary to clarify the issue of the classification of an attacking strike. In practice and literature, the following phenomenon is observed: different coaches and players call the same method of attacking strike differently, or, conversely, they put different meanings into the same term. For example, an attacking blow made from the fourth number to the fourth number of the enemy is called an oblique blow by some, by others - by a direct blow, by others - by a blow “on the move”.
The classification below uses the terms most common among volleyball players.
It is most correct to base the classification of attacking strikes on the principle of the ratio of the direction of the attacker’s takeoff to the direction of the ball’s flight after the strike. Based on this basic principle, all offensive strikes can be divided into two groups.
I. Attacking strikes “on the move” (along the attacker’s run). These are strikes in which the direction of the attacker’s run-up approximately coincides with the direction of the ball’s flight after the strike (the flight of the ball after the strike seems to follow a mental continuation of the direction of the attacker’s run-up) (Fig. 51).
Rice. 51. Attacking strikes “on the move” and “with a turn”
II. Attacking strikes with a turn. These are impacts in which the direction of flight of the ball after the impact is at a significant angle to the direction of the attacker’s takeoff (see Fig. 51).
Of course, most forward strikes “on the move” are carried out at some angle in relation to the attacker’s run-up, but with a strike “with a turn” this angle is more significant.
A small part of strikes, like counter and others, are made by players without a run-up, therefore, when classifying such strikes, it is necessary to take into account the relationship between the position of the attacker’s torso before the jump and the direction of flight of the ball after the strike. So, if the direction of the ball’s flight after the strike approximately coincides with the sagittal axis of the attacker’s body before the jump, it will be a “on the move” strike; if the direction of flight of the ball after the strike is at a significant angle to the position of the sagittal axis of the attacker’s body before the jump, this is a “turning” strike (Fig. 52).
Rice. 52. Sagittal axis of the player’s body
Strikes “on the move” and strikes “with a turn” can be performed using various technical techniques:
I. Attacking strikes "on the move"
Strikes along the way with the right (left) hand
“Wrist” strikes “along the way” with the right (left) hand
Lateral upper blows “along the way” with the right (left) hand
Deceptive blows “on the move” with the right (left) hand
II. Attacking strikes with a turn
Strikes “with a turn” with the right (left) hand
“Wrist” blows “with a turn” with the right (left) hand
Lateral upper blows “with a turn” with the right (left) hand
Deceptive blows “with a turn” with the right (left) hand
This classification takes into account the characteristics of the technique of performing strikes (“wrist” strikes). Let’s try to define the blows “along” and “with a turn” more accurately.
“On the move” strikes with the right and left hands are strikes in which the direction of the run, the sagittal axis of the attacker’s body at the moment of impact and the flight of the ball after the impact approximately coincide in direction.
Strikes “with a turn” with the right and left hands are strikes in which the direction of flight of the ball after the strike and the sagittal axis of the attacker’s body at the moment of impact approximately coincide in direction, but are at a significant angle relative to the direction of the run-up. To distinguish this type of strike from the general group of strikes “on the move” and strikes “with a turn,” it would be more correct to call them direct strikes “on the move” (“with a turn”), which would emphasize the nature of the movement of the striking hand and the players’ lack of strikes with distracting movements of the body in the direction opposite to the direction of the strike, to mislead the blockers. However, for the sake of brevity, they can be called briefly - strikes “along”, strikes “with a turn”.
These types of attacking blows are relatively easily blocked, since it is not difficult for the blocker to determine the direction of the attacker’s blow by the position of the sagittal axis of the player’s body (it corresponds to the direction of the blow). Therefore, the old guard of Soviet volleyball players - A. Shcherbin, S. Isakhonyan, V. Filippov, A. Yakushev and others - have long since begun to use a different type of blow, which received, perhaps not entirely correct name"carpal"; they are accompanied by false movements of the attacker’s body in the direction opposite to the direction of the ball’s flight after the strike. “Wrist” strikes are also divided into “along” strikes and “turn” strikes.
“Wrist” strikes with the right and left hands should be called those strikes in which the direction of the run and the direction of flight of the ball after the strike approximately coincide, but are at a significant angle to the sagittal axis of the attacker at the moment of impact. On the left side of Fig. 53 shows “hand” blows “along the way” from zones 4 and 2.
“Wrist” strikes “with a turn” with the right and left hand are strikes in which the direction of flight of the ball after the strike is at a significant angle to the direction of the attacker’s takeoff and his sagittal axis at the moment of impact. On right side rice. 53 shows “wrist” strikes “with a turn” from zones 4 and 2.
The classification of side overhand and deception kicks is based on the same principles described above.
Rice. 53. “Wrist” blows “along” from zones 4 and 2 (on the left side of the picture) and “with a turn” from zones 4 and 2 (on the right side of the picture)
In practice, both players and coaches often have to determine what type of attack this or that attack should be classified as. For such a definition, one can proceed from the proposed classification, but it is useful to do more full description attacking blow, and for this the following details should be taken into account.
1. The place where the blow was made (from zones 4, 3, 2).
2. From what pass did the player hit - far from the net or close, high or low.
3. The force with which the blow was made (strong or weak blow).
4. The steepness of the ball's flight after impact (it can be determined by the landing zone or ball reception).
In this way, any offensive blow can be accurately characterized. For example, the left winger made a strong attacking shot from his zone right hand“with a turn” from a long pass in zone 1 of the opponent’s court.
A unified view of the classification of offensive strikes will help not only practical work, but will also allow in our sports literature more fully cover all aspects of this most important technique in the game of volleyball.
Attacking in volleyball is the main way to score points. Executing an attacking strike only looks simple, but in fact it is a complex technical element.
The development of attacking technique begins in children's sports school and is constantly being improved.
Exit under the ball
In order for the attack to be powerful, the attacker must determine at the moment the pass is released from the passer at what point he will attack the flying ball. The player runs to this point, jumps and hits the ball with a straight outstretched arm. The ideal position of the ball is slightly in front and above the head. From this position, a good offensive player can make an offensive strike in any direction and with maximum force.
Impact direction
At the moment of execution of the attacking blow, the player is in the air and chooses the direction for the attack at the last moment. The attack zone cannot be chosen in advance because the attacker must first see which direction the blockers are blocking him. The player controls the direction of the blow with his hand; at the moment of the attack, it should be relaxed and open.
The blow is made to the center of the ball if it is necessary to hit it straight. To attack to the left half of the court, the blow is struck slightly to the right of the center of the ball, while the player turns the hand slightly in the direction of the attack. To hit the right half, everything is done the same way, only mirrored. The volleyball court has an area of 81 square meters. m., imagine for yourself how much there is possible options for attack.
The main attack options using the example of a finisher, an attacker from the fourth zone on a double block:
- Attack in line past the blockers' hands.
- Attack in a long diagonal above the hands of the blockers.
- Attack in a short diagonal past the hands of blockers.
- A strong blow to the blockers' wrists, a block-out with a rebound beyond the front line of the court.
- A strike in a linear direction touching the blocker's hands, the block is out beyond the side line.
- A light blow to the center of the court above the block.
The technique of an attacking strike in volleyball includes several sequentially performed elements:
- 1Determining the trajectory of the ball.
- Run-up (going under the ball to a certain place).
- Jump and extend your arms up.
- Deciding on the direction of attack.
- Hit the ball with a straight hand.
Technological flaws
Every striker strives for an ideal attacking technique. Actions brought to automaticity allow him not to think about performing complex elements. Muscle memory, achieved through many repetitions, practically eliminates the incorrect execution of any action in volleyball, including attack. Professional volleyball players with correct technique attackers, easily execute an attack in any direction and create maximum difficulty for the opponent’s blockers and defenders.
Errors in the technique of performing an offensive strike most often lead to the loss of the rally. To the first possible error could be attributed to an incorrect exit under the ball. In this case, the ball is either vertically overhead or to the side. In this case, the attacker cannot see the block and does not have the opportunity to strike with all his strength. The arm bent at the elbow at the moment of attack is another serious mistake that deprives the volleyball player of the opportunity to fully control the direction of the attack. Other errors are less common and not so serious. From time to time, everyone makes mistakes, even great volleyball professionals; there is only one solution to correct them - training.
